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Hammarite

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Big Photo

Sadisdorf, Schmiedeberg, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany
© Thomas Witzke

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Formula:
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
Bi
 
4
S
 
9
System:OrthorhombicColour:steel-grey with red tint
Hardness:3 - 4
Name:After the locality Gladhammar, Kalmar, Sweden.
This page provides mineralogical data about Hammarite.

Classification of Hammarite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/E.30-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.HB.05a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
B : With Cu, Ag, Fe, Sn and Pb
Dana 8th edition ID:3.4.5.4

3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
Hey's CIM Ref.:5.7.7

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
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Type Occurrence of Hammarite

Type Locality:Gladhammar mines, Västervik, Småland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1924

Occurrences of Hammarite

Geological Setting:Hydrothermal veins

Physical Properties of Hammarite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:steel-grey with red tint
Streak:black
Hardness (Mohs):3 - 4
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
{010} good.
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):6.734 g/cm3
Density (calculated):7.05 g/cm3

Crystallography of Hammarite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 33.772Å, b = 11.5857Å, c = 4.01Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.915 : 1 : 0.346
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,569.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Short prisms; needle-like.
Comment:SG Pbnm or Pbn21

Chemical Properties of Hammarite

Formula:
Pb
 
2
Cu
 
2
Bi
 
4
S
 
9
Essential elements:Bi, Cu, Pb, S
All elements listed in formula:Bi, Cu, Pb, S

Relationship of Hammarite to other Species

Common Associates:
PadĕraitePekoiteBismuthiniteChalcopyriteGrossular
Andradite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.HB.05aAikinite
PbCuBiS
 
3
2.HB.05aFriedrichite
Pb
 
5
Cu
 
5
Bi
 
7
S
 
18
2.HB.05aGladite
PbCuBi
 
5
S
 
9
2.HB.05cJaskólskiite
Pb
 
2+x
Cu
 
x
(Sb,Bi)
 
2-x
S
 
6
 (x = 0.2)
2.HB.05aKrupkaite
PbCuBi
 
3
S
 
6
2.HB.05aLindströmite
Pb
 
3
Cu
 
3
Bi
 
7
S
 
15
2.HB.05bMeneghinite
Pb
 
13
CuSb
 
7
S
 
24
2.HB.05aPekoite
PbCuBi
 
11
(S,Se)
 
18
2.HB.05aEmilite
Pb
 
2.7
Cu
 
2.7
Bi
 
5.3
S
 
12
2.HB.05UM2000-46-S:BiCuPb
Cu
 
0.33
Pb
 
0.33
Bi
 
7.67
S
 
12
2.HB.05aSalzburgite
Pb
 
1.6
Cu
 
1.6
Bi
 
6.4
S
 
12
2.HB.05UM1990-54-Se:BiCuPb
CuPb(Ni,Co)
 
0.3
Bi
 
3
Se
 
6
2.HB.05aPaarite
Pb
 
1.7
Cu
 
1.7
Bi
 
6.3
S
 
12
2.HB.10cEclarite
(Cu,Fe)Pb
 
9
Bi
 
12
S
 
28
2.HB.10bGiessenite
Pb
 
27
Cu
 
2
(Bi,Sb)
 
19
S
 
57
2.HB.10bIzoklakeite
Pb
 
27
(Cu,Fe,Ag)
 
2
(Sb,Bi)
 
19
S
 
57
2.HB.10aKobellite
Pb
 
22
Cu
 
4
(Bi,Sb)
 
30
S
 
69
2.HB.10aTintinaite
Pb
 
22
Cu
 
4
(Sb,Bi)
 
30
S
 
69
2.HB.15Benavidesite
Pb
 
4
(Mn,Fe)Sb
 
6
S
 
14
2.HB.15Jamesonite
Pb
 
4
FeSb
 
6
S
 
14
2.HB.20dBerryite
Cu
 
3
Ag
 
2
Pb
 
3
Bi
 
7
S
 
16
2.HB.20bBuckhornite
AuPb
 
2
BiTe
 
2
S
 
3
2.HB.20aNagyágite
Pb
 
5
Au(Te,Sb)
 
4
S
 
5-8
2.HB.20eWatkinsonite
Cu
 
2
PbBi
 
4
(Se,S,Te)
 
8
2.HB.20cMuseumite
[Pb
 
2
(Pb,Sb)
 
2
S
 
8
][(Te,Au)
 
2
]
2.HB.20eLitochlebite
Ag
 
2
PbBi
 
4
Se
 
8
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
5.7.1Seligmannite
PbCuAsS
 
3
5.7.2Bournonite
PbCuSbS
 
3
5.7.3Meneghinite
Pb
 
13
CuSb
 
7
S
 
24
5.7.4Gladite
PbCuBi
 
5
S
 
9
5.7.5Lindströmite
Pb
 
3
Cu
 
3
Bi
 
7
S
 
15
5.7.6Krupkaite
PbCuBi
 
3
S
 
6
5.7.8Friedrichite
Pb
 
5
Cu
 
5
Bi
 
7
S
 
18
5.7.9Aikinite
PbCuBiS
 
3
5.7.10Nuffieldite
Pb
 
2
Cu(Pb,Bi)Bi
 
2
S
 
7
5.7.11Jaskólskiite
Pb
 
2+x
Cu
 
x
(Sb,Bi)
 
2-x
S
 
6
 (x = 0.2)
5.7.12Tintinaite
Pb
 
22
Cu
 
4
(Sb,Bi)
 
30
S
 
69
5.7.13Kobellite
Pb
 
22
Cu
 
4
(Bi,Sb)
 
30
S
 
69
5.7.14Proudite
CuPb
 
7.5
Bi
 
9.33
(S,Se)
 
22
5.7.15Nordströmite
CuPb
 
3
Bi
 
7
(Se
 
4
S
 
10
)
5.7.16Watkinsonite
Cu
 
2
PbBi
 
4
(Se,S,Te)
 
8
5.7.17Pekoite
PbCuBi
 
11
(S,Se)
 
18
5.7.18Petrovicite
Cu
 
3
HgPbBiSe
 
5
5.7.19Eclarite
(Cu,Fe)Pb
 
9
Bi
 
12
S
 
28
5.7.20Marrite
AgPbAsS
 
3
5.7.21Baumhauerite-2a
Pb
 
11
Ag(As,Sb)
 
18
S
 
36
5.7.22Andorite
PbAgSb
 
3
S
 
6
5.7.23Ramdohrite
(Cd,Mn,Fe)Ag
 
5.5
Pb
 
12
Sb
 
21.5
S
 
48
5.7.24Roshchinite
Ag
 
19
Pb
 
10
Sb
 
51
S
 
96
5.7.25Ourayite
Ag
 
3
Pb
 
4
Bi
 
5
S
 
13
5.7.26Eskimoite
Ag
 
7
Pb
 
10
Bi
 
15
S
 
36
5.7.27Fizélyite
Ag
 
5
Pb
 
14
Sb
 
21
S
 
48
5.7.28Owyheeite
Ag
 
3+x
Pb
 
10-2x
Sb
 
11+x
S
 
28
, -0.13 < x > +0.20
5.7.29Freieslebenite
AgPbSbS
 
3
5.7.30Diaphorite
Ag
 
3
Pb
 
2
Sb
 
3
S
 
8
5.7.31Sterryite
Ag
 
2
Pb
 
10
(Sb,As)
 
12
S
 
29
5.7.32Vikingite
Ag
 
5
Pb
 
8
Bi
 
13
S
 
30
5.7.33Zoubekite
AgPb
 
4
Sb
 
4
S
 
10
5.7.34Schirmerite
PbAgBi
 
3
S
 
6
 - Pb
 
3
Ag
 
1.5
Bi
 
3.5
S
 
9
5.7.36Gustavite
Ag
 
3
Pb
 
5
Bi
 
11
S
 
24
5.7.37Kitaibelite
Ag
 
10
PbBi
 
30
S
 
51
5.7.38Treasurite
Ag
 
7
Pb
 
6
Bi
 
15
S
 
32
5.7.39Benjaminite
(Ag,Cu)
 
3
(Bi,Pb)
 
7
S
 
12
5.7.40Lengenbachite
(Ag,Cu)
 
2
Pb
 
6
As
 
4
S
 
13
5.7.41Berryite
Cu
 
3
Ag
 
2
Pb
 
3
Bi
 
7
S
 
16
5.7.42Neyite
Ag
 
2
Cu
 
6
Pb
 
25
Bi
 
26
S
 
68
5.7.43Larosite
(Cu,Ag)
 
21
(Pb,Bi)
 
2
S
 
13
5.7.44Cupropavonite
AgCu
 
2
PbBi
 
5
S
 
10
5.7.45Padĕraite
Cu
 
5.9
Ag
 
1.3
Pb
 
1.6
Bi
 
11.2
S
 
22
5.7.46Rayite
Pb
 
8
(Ag,Tl)
 
2
Sb
 
8
S
 
21
5.7.47Rathite
Pb
 
8
Pb
 
4-x
(Tl
 
2
As
 
2
)
 
x
(Ag
 
2
As
 
2
)As
 
16
S
 
40
5.7.48Hatchite
AgTlPbAs
 
2
S
 
5

Other Names for Hammarite

Other Languages:
German:Hammarit
Russian:Хаммарит
Simplified Chinese:硫铜铅铋矿
重硫铋铜铅矿
Spanish:Hammarita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hammarite

Reference List:

- +
Johansson (1924), Ark. Kemi: 9(8): 11.

Foshag (1925), American Mineralogist: 10: 157.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 442.

American Mineralogist (1976): 61: 15-20.

Horiuchi, H. and Wuensch, B.J. (1976) The ordering scheme for metal atoms in the crystal structure of hammarite, Cu2Pb2Bi4S9. Canadian Mineralogist: 14: 536-539.

Pring, A. (1995) Annealing of synthetic hammarite, Cu2Pb2Bi4S9, and the nature of caton-ordering processes in the bismuthinite-aikinite series. American Mineralogist: 80: 1166-1173.

Internet Links for Hammarite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Hammarite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
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    • Localities for Hammarite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Felben valley
          • Scheelite deposit
    		MinRec 33:352
    China
     
    • Henan Province
      • Sanmenxia Prefecture
        • Lingbao Co.
          • Qinling Mine
    		Zhenkuan Luo, Kang Guan, and Manzhi Wang (1992): Geology and Prospecting 28(2), 31-35
    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
      • Ulanhad League (Chifeng Prefecture)
        • Bairin Left Banner (Balin Zuoqi)
    		Dequan Zhang, Yunfen Lei, Taiyang Luo, Xiupo Bao, and Shengli Wang (1991): Mineral Deposits 10(3), 204-216
    • Shandong Province
      • Jiaodong Peninsula (Jiaodong Gold Province)
        • Yantai Prefecture
          • Zhaoyuan Co.
    		Yuan Zhang, Liandeng Liu, Jinggui Sun, Guohua Chen, Hongxi Zhang, Fuchuan Yan, and Kaichun Yang (2008): Journal of Jilin University, Earth Science Edition 38(1), 21-26
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Krupka (Graupen)
            • Knöttel (Knötel; Knödel; Knödlberg) area
    		Lapis 23(4), 18-34 (1998)
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
          • Kohlenbach Valley
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Eisern
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Schmiedeberg
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Luserna San Giovanni
    		Ambrino, P., Brizio, P., Ciriotti, M.E., Finello, G., Marello, B. (2009). Minerali della pietra di Luserna. AMI. CD-ROM (in italian and in english)
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Karagandy Province (Qaragandy Oblysy; Karaganda Oblast')
      • Akchatau (Aqshatau; Akschatau; Akchataul; Akshatau)
    		Efimov A.V. Bismuthian mineralisation of tin and wolfram deposits, 1993
    Peru
     
    • Huancavelica Department
      • Angaraes Province
    		Min.Rec. 28, no.4 (1997)
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
        • Czarnów
          • Rędziny
    		Gołębiowska B., Pieczka A., Parafiniuk J. 2005: Minerals of the bismuthinite-aikinite series from Rędziny (Western Sudetes). Mineralogical Society of Poland - Special Papers, vol. 26, 165-168.
    Romania
     
    • Bihor Co.
      • Nucet
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Maramureș Co.
      • Baia Borsa
    		Nigel G. Cook : "Bismuth Sulphosalts from Hydrothermal Vein Deposits of Neogen Age, N.W. Romania, Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. , 143, 1998 / Lecture to the Austrian Mineralogical Society, 23rd June 1997, Salzburg.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Buriatia (Buryatia) Republic
          • Dzhida Basin
            • Zakamensk
    		Handbook of Mineralogy
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Sverdlovskaya Oblast'
          • Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk)
            • Berezovskii (Berezovskii Zavod)
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
    		Ďuďa R.,Kotuľak P., Káňa R., 1993: Bergbau und Mineralien von Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz), Slowakei. Emser Hefte, 14, 3, 1-70, Haltern
      • Brezno Co.
    		Pršek J.,2004: Štruktúra a kryštálochémia sulfosolí zo sulfidických mineralizácii Západnych Karpát (Kandid. Diz.práca).Archív Katedry miner. a petrografie Prírodoved. Fak. UK,Bratislava, 135 s.
          • Sokolova dolina Valley
    		Jaroslav PRŠEK and Martin Chovan (2001) Hydrothermal Carbonate and Sulphide Mineralization in the Late Paleozoic Phyllites (Bacúch, Nízke Tatry Mts.) Geolines 13:27-
    • Košice Region
      • Rožňava Co.
        • Dobšiná (Dobschau) Mining District
    		Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
      • Spišská Nová Ves Co.
    		Pršek J.,2004: Štruktžúra a kryštalochémia sulfosolí zo sulfidických mineralizácií Západných Karpát (Kandid. dizert. práca),Manuskript, archív Kated. miner. a petrológie PFUK Bratislava, 135 p.
    • Žilina Region
      • Liptovský Mikuláš Co.
    		Ozdin D., Chovan M., 1999: New mineralogical and paragenetic knowledge about siderite veins in the vicinity of Vyšná Boca, Nízke Tatry Mts. Slov. Geol. Magazine, Bratislava, 5, 4, 255-271
    Ozdín D. (2003): Mineralógia a genéza sideritovej mineralizácie Ďumbierskych Tatier. Dissertation thesis, Comenius University, 194 p.
    Sweden
     
    • Småland
      • Västervik
    		Arkiv Kemi, Min.Geol.(1924) 9/8, 11
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Binn Valley
        • Chummibort
    		Cuchet, S., van der Burgt, A. und Meisser, N. (2005): Chummibort, eine neue Fundstelle für Arsenmineralien im Binntal. Schweizer Strahler, Nr. 2, 19-29. (in German/French)
    USA
     
    • Colorado
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Alice District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Summit Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Round Mountain District
    		[MinRec 22:181]
    • New Mexico
      • Doña Ana Co.
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Mineral and/or Locality
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