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Hydromagnesite

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Arensberg, Zilsdorf, Hillesheim, Eifel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
© JDehove

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Formula:
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Colourless to white; ...
Hardness:3½
Name:In allusion to the composition, being a HYDRated MAGNESium carbonate.


A low-temperature hydrothermal mineral occurring in veinlets in serpentine and altered magnesium-rich igneous rocks; also as an alteration product of brucite in periclase marbles.

Classification of Hydromagnesite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:5/E.01-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:5.DA.05

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:16b.7.1.1

16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
7 : Miscellaneous
Hey's CIM Ref.:11.3.7

11 : Carbonates
3 : Carbonates of Mg
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Type Occurrence of Hydromagnesite

Type Locality:Castle Point, Hoboken, Hudson Co., New Jersey, USA
Year of Discovery:1827
Associated Minerals at type locality:
DolomiteBruciteArtiniteAragonite

Occurrences of Hydromagnesite

Geological Setting:Low-temperature, hydrothermal environments in serpentine and altered magnesium-rich igneous rocks.

Physical Properties of Hydromagnesite

Lustre:Vitreous, Silky, Pearly, Earthy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Colourless to white; colourless in transmitted light
Hardness (Mohs):3½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
On {010}.
Parting:Possible parting on {100}.
Density (measured):2.236 g/cm3

Crystallography of Hydromagnesite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 10.11Å, b = 8.94Å, c = 8.38Å
β = 114.58°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.131 : 1 : 0.937
Unit Cell Volume:V 688.78 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals small, occurring as tufts, rosettes, or crusts of acicular or bladed crysta;s elongated [001] and flattened {100}. Massive, chalky.
Twinning:Twin plane {100} and composition face {100}. Twinning very common, polysynthetic.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Hydromagnesite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.523 nβ = 1.527 nγ = 1.545
2V:Measured: 30° to 90°, Calculated: 52°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.022

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:none

Chemical Properties of Hydromagnesite

Formula:
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
Essential elements:C, H, Mg, O
All elements listed in formula:C, H, Mg, O

Relationship of Hydromagnesite to other Species

Common Associates:
PyroauriteOpalMagnesiteDolomiteDeweylite
CalciteBruciteArtiniteAragonite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
5.DA.05Dypingite
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
5.DA.05Giorgiosite
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5-6H
 
2
O
5.DA.05Widgiemoolthalite
Ni
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
5.DA.05UM1986-10-CO:ClHMgMnZn
Mg
 
5
(Zn,Mn)
 
3
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH,Cl)
 
12
 · H
 
2
O
5.DA.05UM1987-01-CO:HMgS
Mg
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O ?
5.DA.10Artinite
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.10Indigirite
Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 15H
 
2
O
5.DA.10Chlorartinite
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)Cl · 2H
 
2
O
5.DA.15Otwayite
Ni
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
5.DA.15Zaratite
Ni
 
3
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.20Kambaldaite
NaNi
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.25Callaghanite
Cu
 
2
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
5.DA.30Claraite
(Cu,Zn)
 
3
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.35Hydroscarbroite
Al
 
14
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH)
 
36
 · nH
 
2
O
5.DA.35Scarbroite
Al
 
5
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
13
 · 5H
 
2
O
5.DA.40Caresite
Fe
2+
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.40Quintinite
Mg
 
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · H
 
2
O
5.DA.40Charmarite
Mn
2+
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Barbertonite
Mg
 
6
(Cr,Al)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Brugnatellite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
 
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
13
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Chlormagaluminite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
4
Al
 
2
(Cl
 
2
,CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 2H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Manasseite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Sjögrenite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.45Zaccagnaite
Zn
 
4
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Comblainite
Ni
 
6
Co
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Desautelsite
Mg
 
6
Mn
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Hydrotalcite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Pyroaurite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Reevesite
Ni
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Stichtite
Mg
 
6
Cr
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50Takovite
Ni
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
5.DA.50UM1998-10-CO:CoHNi
Co
 
6
Fe
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O ?
5.DA.55Coalingite
Mg
 
10
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
24
 · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
11.3.1Magnesite
MgCO
 
3
11.3.2Barringtonite
MgCO
 
3
 · 2H
 
2
O
11.3.3Nesquehonite
MgCO
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
11.3.4Lansfordite
MgCO
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
11.3.5Pokrovskite
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
11.3.6Artinite
Mg
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
11.3.8Giorgiosite
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5-6H
 
2
O
11.3.9Dypingite
Mg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
11.3.10Eitelite
Na
 
2
Mg(CO
 
3
)
 
2
11.3.11Mcguinnessite
(Mg,Cu)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2

Other Names for Hydromagnesite

Synonyms:
Hydrocarbonate of MagnesiaHydromagnesite (of Wachmeister)HydromagnocalciteIdromagnesitePencatite
Predazzite
Other Languages:
German:Hydromagnesit
Idromagnesit
Lancasterit
Japanese:ハイドロマグネサイト
Russian:Гидромагнезит
Spanish:Hydromagnesita
Idromagnesita
Lancasterita
Varieties:
Leesbergite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:None.

References for Hydromagnesite

Reference List:

- +
Wachmeister (1827) Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm, Handlingar: 18.

von Kobell (1835) Journal für praktische Chemie, Leipzig: 4: 80.

Silliman (1850) American Journal of Science: 9: 216 (as Lancasterite).

Weinschenk (1897) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 27: 570.

Brugnatelli (1899) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 31: 54.

Kramm (1910) Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society: 49: 344.

Wells (1910) American Journal of Science: 30: 189.

Zambonini, Ferruccio (1910) Mineralogia Vesuviana. 368 pp., Naples: 95.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 89.

Rogers (1923) American Journal of Science: 6: 37.

Hintze, Carl (1926) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [3A]: 3522.

Fenoglio, M. (1927) Boll. Soc. geol. Ital.: 46: 13.

Levi and Ghiron (1932) Gazzetta chimica italiana, Rome: 62: 218.

Callaghan (1933) University of Nevada Bull. 27: 7.

Fenoglio M. (1936) Ricerche sull'idromagnesite. Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma 257-284.

Meixner (1937) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 363.

Kisselev (1938) Ann. Inst. Mines Leningrad: 11: 59 [Min. Abs. (1946): 9: 267].

Meixner (1938) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 8.

Cummings (1940) Bulletin of the British Columbia Department of Mines, No. 4.

Caillère (1943) Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie: 66: 55.

Murdoch, Joseph (1951), Unit cell of hydromagnesite: (abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 62: 1465.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 271-274.

Murdoch, Joseph (1954), The unit cell of hydromagnesite: (abstract): American Mineralogist: 37: 296-297; …American Mineralogist: 39: 24-29 (1954).

Mineralogical Record (1973): 4: 18-20.

Acta Crystallographica: B33: 1273-1275.

Internet Links for Hydromagnesite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Hydromagnesite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Hydromagnesite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Princess Elizabeth Land
        • Ingrid Christensen Coast
    		Gore, D.B., Nichols, G.T., Lehmann, C.E.R., Burgess, J.S., Baird, A.S.&, Creagh, D.C. (2000) An atlas of surficial salts of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica: composition, distribution and origin ANARE Report 143. 146 pp
    Australia
     
    • Australian Capital Territory
      • Brindabella Mts
        • Cotter
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
    • Tasmania
      • Huon district
        • Weld river
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Trial Harbour district
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
    • Victoria
      • Bundoora
    • Western Australia
      • Wiluna Shire
        • Mount Keith
    		Mills, S. J., Wilson, S. A., Dipple, G. M. & Raudsepp, M. (2010) The decomposition of konyaite: Importance in CO2 fixation in mine tailings. Mineralogical Magazine, 74(5), 903–917.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hirt
          • Griesserhof (Gulitzen; Gullitzen)
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
      • Gurktaler Alpen
        • St Veit an der Glan
          • Launsdorf
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Lower Austria
      • Waldviertel
        • Persenbeug-Gottsdorf
          • Loja
    		Löffler, E. & Kolitsch, U. (2011): Die Mineralien der Loja bei Persenbeug, Niederösterreich (II). Mineralien-Welt. 22 (4): 51-62
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Stubach valley
    		Strasser, A. (1989): Die Minerale Salzburgs. Salzburg. 346p
      • Salzburg
        • Untersberg massif
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
    • Styria
      • Fischbacher Alpen
        • St. Jakob-Breitenau
          • Eibegggraben
    		Bojar, H.-P. & Postl, W. (2005)
      • Judenburg
    		Natural History Museum Vienna collection
      • Leoben
        • Kraubath
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
          • St Stefan
    		Meixner (1973)
    • Tyrol
      • East Tyrol
        • Virgen valley
          • Prägraten
            • Dorferbach valley
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • North Tyrol
        • Inn valley
          • Brixlegg - Schwaz area
            • Brixlegg - Rattenberg
    		Lapis 19(7/8):13-78 (1994); Schnorrer, G. & Poeverlein, R. (2008): Schwaz-Brixlegger Fundstellen. 6. Die Minerale des Gratlspitz bei Brixlegg in Tirol. Aufschluss 59, 7-28.
    • Upper Austria
      • Gmunden
        • Hallstatt
          • Obertraun
    		Journal "Die Höhle"
    Belgium
     
    • Liège Province
      • Verviers
        • Plombières-Vieille Montagne (Plombières-Altenberg) District
          • Plombières (Bleyberg)
    		van Tassel, R., (1979): Minéraux artificiels ou de néoformation à Plombières et Sclaigneaux, Belgique, Bulletin de la Societe Belge de Géologie, 88 (4), 273-279
    • Namur Province
      • Andenne
    		No reference listed
    Bolivia
     
    • Cochabamba Department
      • Chapare Province
    		Wet chemistry analysis by Dr. Fritz Berndt
    Federico Ahlfeld analysis.
    Brazil
     
    • Bahia
      • Bom Jesus da Serra (former Poções)
    		Mineralogical Record (1977) 8:382-387
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Atlin Mining Division
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 230, 273.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273.
    • Nova Scotia
      • Inverness Co.
    		Tupper, W. M. (1963): Brucite, a new occurrence at Meat Cove, Nova Scotia. Can. Mineral. 7, 796-804
    • Ontario
      • Hastings Co.
        • Dungannon Township
    		Ref: Sabina (1986) Geol. Survey of Canada, Misc. Report 39, 11-14.
        • Faraday Township
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
      • Nipissing District
        • Mattawan Township
          • Mattawan
    		Geological Survey Of Canada Paper 70-50.
      • Sudbury District
        • Levack
    		Richard Gunter and Falconbridge internal analysis report
    • Québec
      • Chaudière-Appalaches
        • Les Appalaches RCM
          • Saint-Joseph-de-Coleraine
    		GAUDARD, S. (1993) Voyages au coeur des Appalaches. Published by: Musée Minéralogique et Minier de la région de l’amiante, Thetford Mines, Québec, 178 p.
          • Saint-Julien
    		SABINA, A.P. (1967) Geological Survey of canada Paper, 66-51, 170p
          • Thetford Mines
    		Maggie Wilson
      • Estrie
        • Les Sources RCM
          • Asbestos
    		Horváth & Spertini (2008 & 2009)
      • Outaouais
        • MRC des Collines-de-l'Outaouais
          • Chelsea
    		Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 41
        • MRC Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais
          • Wakefield
    		Sabina, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 34-35 p.
    • Yukon Territory
      • Dawson Mining District
    		MinRec 23:4-47
    Robinson, G.W., Van Velthuizen, J., Ansell, H.G. & Sturman, B.D. (1992): Mineralogy of the Rapid Creek and Big Fish River area, Yukon Territory. Mineralogical Record 23, 1-47.
    China
     
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Tonghua Prefecture
        • Ji'an Co.
    		Zhaobin Su and Shaoying Jiang (1984): Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 5(3), 102-108
    • Qinghai Province
      • Hainan Autonomous Prefecture
    		Sun Da-peng, Li Bing-xiao, Ma Yua-hua, and Lin Qun-zhu (2002): Journal of Salt Lake Research 10(4), 1-12.
      • Haixi Autonomous Prefecture
        • Da Qaidam (Dachaidan) Co.
    		Dapeng Sun, Zhanghong Gao, and Kejun Wang (1984): Acta Sedimentologica Sinica 2(4)
    • Shaanxi Province
      • Hanzhong Prefecture
        • Ningqiang Co.
    		Zhaobin Su and Shaoying Jiang (1984): Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 5(3), 102-108
    • Sichuan Province
      • Ya'an Prefecture
        • Shimian Co.
    		Zhaobin Su and Shaoying Jiang (1984): Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 5(3), 102-108
    Zhaobin Su and Shaoying Jiang (1984): Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 5(3), 102-108
    • Tibet Autonomous Region
      • Nagchu (Naqu) Prefecture
        • Xainza (Shenzha) Co.
    		Goto, A., Arakawa, H., Morinaga, H., and Sakiyama, T. (2003): Journal of Asian Earth Science 21, 979-988.
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Bayin'gholin (Bayingolin; Bayinguoleng) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Ruoqiang (Qakilik; Chaqiliq) Co.
    		Xiao Huiliang, Zhou Jiyuan, Wang Henian, Cui Bingfang, and Chen Shizhong (2003): Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 22(3), 280-288.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
    		 Petr Paulis (2001): Die interessanten mineralogische Fundstellen in Mahren und Schlesien; Kuttna, Kutná Hora p69-73
      • South Moravia Region
        • Oslavany
          • Hrubšice
    		KOVÁŘ O., LOSOS Z., (2005): Artinit z hadcového lomu u Biskoupek u Oslavan, západní Morava – nový minerál pro Českou republiku. – Bull. mineral.-petrolog. Odd. Nár. Muz., 13, 137-139, Praha.
      • Vysočina Region
        • Havlíčkův Brod (Německý Brod; Deutschbrod)
    		Doubek, Z., Rychlý, R., Veselovský, F.: Brucit a hydromagnezit z lokality Borek jv. od Vilémova. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1983, roč. 28, č. 3, s. 317-318.
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Gard
        • Saint-Laurent-le-Minier
    		Minéralogie de la mine des malines (Daniel Gol, Alain Martaud, Nicolas Meisser, Pascal Chollet) - Le regne minéral, H.S. XVI, pp 49-86.
    - Gol, D, Martaud, A., Meisser, N. & Chollet, P. (2010): Minéralogie des Malines, Gard. Le Règne Minéral, HS XVI, 49-88.
      • Pyrénées-Orientales
        • Céret
          • Prats de Mollo-La Preste (Prats de Molló-La Presta)
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Kaiserstuhl
        • Sasbach
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273.
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Bamberg
    		Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (1972) 36:171-174
        • Maroldsweisach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Aachen
        • Stolberg
    		Blaß, G. & Graf, H. W. (1995): Neufunde von Schlackenhalden in der nördlichen Eifel (II). Mineralien-Welt, 6 (3), 28-31.
    Blaß, G. & Graf, H. W. (1995): Neufunde von Schlackenhalden in der nördlichen Eifel (II). Mineralien-Welt, 6 (3), 28-31.
    International Association of Collectors of Slag
      • Sauerland
        • Arnsberg
          • Hüsten
    		D. Pawlowski: "Mineralfundstellen im Sauerland", Weise (Munich), 1991
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel
        • Hillesheim
          • Zilsdorf
    		Beyer, H., Eine Magnesium-Mineralparagenese als Folge primärer biologischer Stoffanlage und sekundärem vulkanischen Erhitzungsprozeß am Arensberg / Eifel, Der Aufschluß SB 30, 1980
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
    		[Blass, G., Graf, H.W., Neue Mineralienfunde aus der Eifel und dem Siegerland, Mineralien-Welt 10/3, 23, 1999] [A. Wittern: Mineralfundorte in Deutschland, Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001]
      • Lahn valley
        • Bad Ems District
          • Frücht
    		Der Aufschluss Vol.55, March/April 2004
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium)
    		No reference listed
          • Sounion area
            • Sounion Mines
    		Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999); J. Gröbner und U. Kolitsch (2002): Neufunde von Laurion aus den Jahren 2001 und 2002. Aufschluss 53 (5-6), 363-371.
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Budai Mts.
        • Budapest
    		Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
    Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Balaton Uplands
        • Tapolcai Basin
          • Uzsa (Uzsabánya)
    		Kovács, I. et al. (2009): Guide to the Bakony-Balaton Volcanic Highland, Field Trip 1, 7th September 2009. MinPet2009 field trip booklet, 23 pp.
    Iran
     
    • Kerman Province
      • Baft District
    		No reference listed
    Israel
     
    • Negev
    		Gross, S. (1977): The Mineralogy of the Hatrurim Formation, Israel. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin no. 70, 80 pp.
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Châtillon
    		Paolo Pastore Collection
      • Cogne Valley
        • Cogne
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Emarese
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273; Del Caldo A.,Moro C.,Gramaccioli C.M.,Boscardin M.-Guida ai Minerali-Fratelli Fabbri Editori (1973)
      • Lys Valley
        • Gressoney-la-Trinité
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    C.M. Gramaccioli (1975)-Minerali alpini e Prealpini-Edizioni Atlas Bergamo
    Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    C.M. Gramaccioli (1975)-Minerali alpini e Prealpini-Edizioni Atlas Bergamo
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
          • Monte Somma
            • Ercolano
              • San Vito
    		Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
            • Pollena - Trocchia area
    		Carati M., 1982. Guida alla mineralogia vesuviana. Guide Calderini, Bologna.
          • Mt Vesuvius
            • Terzigno
    		Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
      • Phlegrean Volcanic Complex
        • Salerno Province
          • Nocera
            • Lavorate
    		Carati, M., (????): I minerali degli inclusi metamorfosati nel tufo grigio campano, ???
    • Emilia-Romagna
      • Parma Province
        • Borgo Val di Taro
    		GMPNP collection; Pellecchia, M. & Mavris, C. (2012): Artinite e altri carbonati nella valle del fiume Taro, Parma. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 1/2012, 10-17.
      • Piacenza Province
        • Trebbia Valley
          • Coli
    		- Baldizzone, G. (2008): I minerali del piacentino – come riconoscerli dove trovarli. Baldizzone G., stampa Tipolito Farnese, Piacenza, 113 pp.; - Baldizzone, G. (2008): I minerali del piacentino – come riconoscerli dove trovarli. Baldizzone G., stampa Tipolito Farnese, Piacenza, 113 pp.
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
    		Caponera, I., Fiori, S., Pucci, R., & Signoretti, E. (2007). I minerali dei Colli Albani. Un aggiornamento sugli ultimi dieci anni di ricerche. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 31 (2), 74-91.
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    Onorato E. - Idromagnesite di Ariccia (Parco Chigi, Lazio). Periodico di Miner. vol I, 1930 pp. 223-224.
        • Rome
    		No reference listed
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Genova
          • Borzoli
    		Giuseppe Pipino - L'antica miniera di Monte Ramazzo e i suoi minerali - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, vol. 8, fasc. 3, 1977
    Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia.
      • La Spezia Province
        • Carro
    		M. Boscardin - Informazioni di mineralogia italiana - Notizie del Guppo Min. Lombardo - 7, March 1970, p. 5 - (This publication later changed its name in Rivista Minealogica Italiana)
    Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia
    M. Boscardin - Informazioni di mineralogia italiana - Notizie del Guppo Min. Lombardo - 7, March 1970, p. 5 - (This publication later changed its name in Rivista Minealogica Italiana)
    Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia
    • Lombardy
      • Bergamo Province
        • Cene
          • Rossa Valley
            • Monte Bò
    		Gianni Peracchi collection 2007
    Del Caldo, A., Moro, C., Gramaccioli, C.M., Boscardin, M. (1973): Guida ai Minerali, Fratelli Fabbri, Ed., Milano, 208 pp.; Gianni Peracchi collection
    • Piedmont
      • Cuneo Province
        • Varaita Valley
          • Sampeyre
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		http://www.webmineralshop.com/articoli/brosso_eng.htm
        • Sesia-Lanzo zone
          • Lanzo Valley
            • Ala Valley
              • Balme
    		Maletto G.,Meda F.,Pelizzone G.-I minerali della Val d'Ala -Ellezeta (1976)
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273.
              • Viù
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Sardinia
      • Cagliari Province
        • Teulada
    		Conti L, Cozupoli D., Lombardi G, Traversa g. 1970 - Segnalazione di Sjögrenite nelle contattiti presso Teulada (Sardegna meridionale) Per. Min. Roma, vol. 39 A, (special volume), pp. 119-127
        • Villaputzu
    		Ciriotti M.E. and Blass.G. (2010) - Pot-pourri 2009: identificazioni UKiS AMI. Minerali italiani di interesse.. Micro (UK report), pagg. 124-127
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Ala
    		Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)
          • Pilcante
    		"Guida mineralogica d'Italia - I vol." V. De Michele, M. Boscardin, G. Scaini pp. 192-194. Ist. Geografico De Agostini Novara - 1975
    "Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)"
        • Centa San Nicolò
          • Vigolana Mount
    		Guida ai minerali. F.Fabbri Ed., Milano 1973.
        • Fassa Valley
          • Monzoni Mts
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
        • Fiemme Valley
          • Predazzo
            • Canzoccoli
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
            • Latemar Group
    		Giulia Zanoni (1980) - Minerali del Gruppo del Latemar (Trento) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, n. 3, 1980
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Apuan Alps
          • Stazzema
    		Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, (1), 1-22.
    http://forum.fmal.com/viewtopic.php?t=116
      • Pisa Province
        • Castelnuovo Val di Cecina
    		Brizzi, G., Meli, R., 1989. L'antica miniera di Montecastelli e i minerali delle rocce circostanti. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 13 (3): 163-178.
    • Veneto
      • Vicenza Province
        • Arsiero
          • Contrada Draghi
    		Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
          • Riofreddo valley
            • Contrada Busati-Pasquali
    		Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
          • Tovo valley
            • Contrada Malgarini
    		Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
        • Astico Valley
          • Cogollo del Cengio
            • Astico creek
    		Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
        • Calvene
    		Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
        • Cogollo del Cengio
          • Astico Valley
    		M. Boscardin: Località mineralogiche consigliate: Le cave della val d'Astico - Notizie del Guppo Min. Lombardo - 10, Dec 1970, p. 7 - (This publication later changed its name in Rivista Minealogica Italiana) ; M. Boscardin: Località mineralogiche consigliate: Le cave della val d'Astico - Notizie del Guppo Min. Lombardo - 10, Dec 1970, p. 7 - (This publication later changed its name in Rivista Minealogica Italiana)
        • Cornedo Vicentino
          • Spagnago
    		Lapis, 15 (12), 27-32+50.
        • Crespadoro
          • Chiampo valley
    		Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
        • Monte di Malo
          • Contrada Vanzi
    		Pizzolaro M., De Grandis A. (1989) - Ritrovamenti mineralogici nella cava di Monte Malo (VI) Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, Fasc. 1, pp.66-68
        • Posina
          • Borcola Pass
    		"Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)"
          • Pasubio massif
            • Punta della Lucche
    		Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183
        • Tonezza del Cimone
    		Guida ai minerali, Frateli Fabbri Ed., Milano (1973), pag.152.
        • Torrebelvicino
          • Riolo valley
    		Del Caldo A., Moro C., Gramaccioli C.A., Boscardin M., (1973): Guida ai minerali. Fratelli Fabbri Editore, Milano
        • Tretto di Schio
          • Val Munari
            • Maglio-Pornaro Country
    		- Boscardin M., Da Meda E., Zordan A., 1988. I minerali di un nuovo giacimento di contatto presso Schio (VI) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, fasc. 2, pp.73-78
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Aichi prefecture
          • Shinshiro city
      • Kanto region
        • Chiba prefecture
          • Awa-gun
            • Kyonan-cho
    		Alfredo Petrov collection
        • Saitama Prefecture
          • Kodama-gun
    		Kosuge, Y. et al (1997) 10, #1, 6-9.
    • Kyushu Region
      • Fukuoka Prefecture
    		Alfredo Petrov collection
    Mexico
     
    • Coahuila
      • Mun. de Cuatrociénegas
        • Cuatro Ciénegas (Cuatrociénegas de Carranza; Venustiano Carranza)
          • Limestone caves
    		Forti, P. et al. (2006): ACTA CARSOLOGICA 35/1, 79–98.
    Mongolia
     
    • Dzavhan Aimag (Zavkhan Aimag)
      • Khan-Taishirin-Ula range
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
          • Bou Azer District (Bou Azzer District)
            • Agoudal
    		Favreau, G. and Dietrich, J. E. (2006). Die Mineralien von Bou Azzer. Lapis 31(7/8), 27-68
            • Aït Ahmane
    		Found by Frank de Wit
    New Zealand
     
    • South Island
      • Nelson
    		Railton, G. L. and Watters, W. A. (1990): Minerals of New Zealand
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Modum
    		Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68. p. 102
    • Sør-Trøndelag
      • Oppdal
    		Witsø, Tor (1994): Oppdal. Et spennende geologisk område. Oppdal. 24 pp. Published by Fridtjov Witsø, Oppdal.
        • Vinstradalen
    		Witsø, T. (2005): Mineraler i Vinstradalen, Oppdal. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrifter 30: 72-73
      • Røros
    		Raade (1973, pers. com.); Neumann (1985, p. 102).
          • Skardet
    		Collected on the dumps of the mine by Peter Andresen, 2008.
    Romania
     
    CanMin 40:1693-1703.
      • Nucet
    		Canadian Mineralogist: 40: 1693.
    • Mehedinti Co.
      • Almas Mts
    		Koller G.,Szakáll S.,2008
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Lake Baikal area
          • Zheleznogorsk
    		[MinRec 32:500]
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
        • Tolbachik volcano
          • Great Fissure (Main Fracture) eruption
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
    		Cesnokov, B., Kotrly, M. and Nisanbajev, T. (1998): Brennende Abraumhalden und Aufschlüsse im Tscheljabinsker Kohlenbecken - eine reiche Mineralienküche. Mineralien-Welt, 9 (3), 54-63 (in German).
    • Western-Siberian Region
      • Altai Republic (Gorno-Altayskaya Autonomous Oblast')
        • Ust'-Koksa district
    		Igor V. Pekov data
    Serbia
     
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Revúca Co.
        • Jelšava
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
      • Rimavská Sobota Co.
        • Hnúšťa
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    • Košice Region
      • Gelnica Co.
        • Jaklovce
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
      • Rožňava Co.
        • Ochtiná
    		Cílek V., Bosák P., Melka K., Žák K., Langrolvá A., Osborne A.,1998: Mineralogické výskumy v Ochtinské aragonitové jeskyni. Aragonit, 3,7 - 12
    South Africa
     
    • Limpopo Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Nelspruit District
    		Martini, J.E.J. et al (1997), "Mbobo Mkulu Cave, South Africa", in "Cave Minerals of the World" (1997)
    Spain
     
    • Asturias
      • Salas
        • Carlés
    		Calvo, M. (2012): Minerales y Minas de España. Vol. V, Carbonatos y Nitratos. Boratos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas de Madrid - Fundación Gómez Pardo. 711 pp
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Vallès Oriental
          • Gualba de Dalt
    		Col. Agustin Agudo Espinosa.
      • Girona (Gerona)
        • Ripollès
          • Molló
            • Espinavell (Espinabell)
              • Costabona Mt.
    		Mata i Perelló, J.M. (1990). Els minerals de Catalunya. Institut d´Estudis Catalans
    Sweden
     
    • Västmanland
      • Hällefors
        • Hjulsjö
    		Kjell Gatedal
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Puschlav (Poschiavo Valley)
        • Selva
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 219.
    • Vaud (Waadt)
      • Bex
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 219.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Saint-Luc
    		Dreier, F. (2000): Die Mine des Moulins im Val d'Anniviers (VS), Schweiz. Lapis 25 (7-8), 67-73; 86. (in German)
    Turkey
     
    • Central Anatolia Region
      • Yozgat Province
    		http://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/T%FCrkei/Eskisehir/Kirka/Sarikaya
    • Eastern Anatolia Region
      • Erzurum Province
        • Kop Daglari
    		Dietrich, R. and Medenbach, O. (1978): Kämmererite from the Kop Krom mine, Kop Daglan (Turkey). Mineralogical Record. 9(5), 277-287.
    Turkmenistan
     
    • Lebap Province
      • South Tien-Shan Mts
        • Kugitangtau Ridge
    		http://fadr.msu.ru/caves/malmin_e.html
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • North Pennines
    		Green, D.I. & Young, B. (2006): Hydromagnesite and dypingite from the Northern Pennine Orefield, northern England. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society. 56, 151-154
              • Nenthead
    		GREEN, D.I., McCALLUM, D. and WOOD, M. (2000) Famous mineral localities: The Brownley Hill Mine, Alston Moor District, Cumbria, England. Mineralogical Record, 31, 231-250.
    NHM London & S.Rust Collection;
      • Somerset
        • Cranmore
    		Turner, R.W. and Rumsey, M.S. (2010): Mineral Relationships in the Mendip Hills. Journal of the Russell Society, vol 13, pp 3-46; Mineralogical Magazine 1977 41 : 406-408.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Coconino Co.
        • Grand Canyon National Park
          • Grand Canyon
            • Nautiloid Canyon
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 255.
    • California
      • Alameda Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Cedar Mountain District
            • Cedar Mountain
    		Dolbear, S.H. (1917), The origin and geochemistry of magnesite: Mining and Scientific Press: 114: 237-238; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 221; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
    Kramm, H.E. (1910), Serpentines of the central Coast Ranges of California: American Philosophical Society Proceedings: 49: 344; Rogers, Austin Flint (1923b), The crystallography of hydromagnesite: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 6: 38; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
          • Livermore District (Tesla District)
    		[www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
            • Mendenhall Springs
              • Arroyo Mocho
    		Rogers, Austin Flint (1923b), The crystallography of hydromagnesite: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 6: 46; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 221; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
          • Livermore Valley
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 221.
        • Hayward
    		Harris E. Mason specimen and photo
      • Colusa Co.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273.
    Kramm, H.E. (1910), Serpentines of the central Coast Ranges of California: American Philosophical Society Proceedings: 49: 344; Rogers, Austin Flint (1923b), The crystallography of hydromagnesite: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 6: 47; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
          • Wilbur Springs
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222, 366.
      • Fresno Co.
        • Coalinga
    		Mumpton, F.A. Jaffe, H.W., and Thompson, C.S. (1965) Coalingite, a new mineral from the New Idria serpentinite, Fresno and San Benito counties, California. American Mineralogist: 50: 1895; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
        • Condon Peak
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
        • Diablo Range
          • New Idria District
    		Matthews, Robert Alfred (1961) Geology of the Butler Estate chromite mine. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 71, 20 pp.: 19; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
            • New Idria Mine area
    		American Mineralogist 1965: 50: 1893-1913.
      • Inyo Co.
        • Death Valley National Park
          • Death Valley
            • Badwater
    		Bailey, Gilbert E. (1902), The saline deposits of California: California Mining Bureau Bulletin 24: 102; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
    Pelletier, 1962. Mineral Species & Localities of Marin County
        • Bolinas
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • Merced Co.
        • Gustine
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • Napa Co.
    		Larsen, Esper Signius (1922), Optical evidence that “hydrogiobertite” is a mixture: American Mineralogist: 2: 3; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Chino Hill
    		Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
            • Sky Blue Hill
    		Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941), Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California; American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381; Murdoch, Joseph (1951a), Unit cell of hydromagnesite: (abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 62: 1465; Murdoch, Joseph (1954a), The unit cell of hydromagnesite: (abstract): American Mineralogist: 37: 296-297; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
    Rogers, Austin Flint (1918b), An American occurrence of periclase and its bearing on the origin and history of calcite brucite rocks: American Journal of Science, 4th. Series: 46: 583; Rogers, Austin Flint (1929), Periclase from Crestmore near Riverside, California, with a list of minerals from this locality: American Mineralogist: 14: 466; Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200.
        • Jurupa Mts
          • Jurupa
    		Rocks & Minerals (1943): 18: 80; MacKevett, Edward Malcolm, Jr. (1951), Geology of Jurupa Mountains, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California: California Division Mines, Special Report 5, 14 pp.; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 200; Mineralogical Record (1984): 15: 273-290.
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
    		American Mineralogist 1965: 50: 1893-1913.
            • Idria (New Idria)
    		Whitney, J.D. (1865), Geological survey of California, Geology, 1, Report of progress and synopsis of the field work from 1860to 1864; […(abstract): American Journal of Science, 2nd. series: 41: 124, 231-246, 351-368]: 59; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
    Moller, W.P. (1965) Minerals of southern San Benito County, California. Gems and Minerals: 331: 28-32; O’Neil, J.R. and Barnes, I. (1971) C13 and O18 compositions in some fresh-water carbonates associated with ultramafic rocks and serpentinites; western United States. Geochimica et Cosmochmica Acta: 35: 694; Cisneros, S.L., R.E. Witkowski & D.L. Oswald (1977), Artinite from San Benito County, California: Mineralogical Record: 7: 457-460; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 201.
            • Picacho Peak
              • Clear Creek area
    		www.mineralsocal.org
    Mineralogical Record: 36(4): 337-363.
    Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 279.
            • Sampson Peak
    		Gale, Hoyt Stoddard (1914d), Late developments of magnesite deposits in California and Nevada: UGS Bulletin 540: 483-520; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 201.
            • San Benito Mountain Natural Area
              • San Benito Peak (San Benito Mountain)
                • West of San Benito Peak
    		Cisneros, S.L., R.E. Witkowski & D.L. Oswald (1977), Artinite from San Benito County, California: Mineralogical Record: 7: 457-460; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 201.
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Lucerne Valley Limestone District
          • Lucerne Valley
    		Campbell, Ian (1950), Magnesium metasomatism I dolomite from Lucerne Valley, California: Int’l. Geol. Cong. Report, 18th. sess., Great Britain, 1948, part III: 3; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 115, 222; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 146, 201.
      • San Diego Co.
        • Julian District
          • Julian
    		Creasey, S.C. (1946), Geology and nickel mineralization of the Julian-Cuyamaca area, San Diego County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 27; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 202.
      • San Francisco Co.
        • San Francisco
    		Mining and Scientific Press (1881), Formation of the San Francisco peninsula: Mining and Scientific Press: 42: 28; Eakle, Arthur Starr (1901), Mineralogical notes; with chemical analyses by W.T. Schaller: University of California, Department of Geological Science Bulletin: 2: 316; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 201; rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/hydromagnesite.pdf
    Eakle, Arthur Starr (1901), Mineralogical notes; with chemical analyses by W.T. Schaller: University of California, Department of Geological Science Bulletin: 2: 316; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222, 390; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 201-202, 409.
    Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • San Luis Obispo Co.
        • Avila Beach
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • San Mateo Co.
        • Searsville Lake
    		Rogers, Austin Flint (1923b), The crystallography of hydromagnesite: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 6: 46; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • Santa Barbara Co.
        • San Rafael Mts
          • Cachuma District
            • Cachuma Village
              • Figueroa Mountain
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
    Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • Santa Clara Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Black Wonder District
            • East Foothills
    		Rogers, Austin Flint (1923b), The crystallography of hydromagnesite: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 6: 46; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
          • Calaveras Valley
    		Rogers, Austin Flint (1923b), The crystallography of hydromagnesite: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 6: 46; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
    [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
      • Sonoma Co.
        • Mayacmas Mts (Mayacamas Mts)
          • West Mayacmas District
            • Cloverdale
    		Bradley, W.W. (1940), Thirty-sixth report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 36: 222; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
      • Stanislaus Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Black Wonder District
            • Mount Hamilton
              • Del Puerte Creek area
        • Patterson area
          • Del Puerto Canyon (Arroyo del Puerto)
    		Laizure, Clyde McK (1943), Discoveries in the strategic minerals; San Francisco field district: California Mining Bureau. Report 39: 53-57; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 223; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 216.
    Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 202-203.
    Dolbear, S.H. (1917), The origin and geochemistry of magnesite: Mining and Scientific Press: 114: 237-238; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 223; O’Neil, J.R. and Barnes, I. (1971) C13 and O18 compositions in some fresh-water carbonates associated with ultramafic rocks and serpentinites; western United States. Geochimica et Cosmochmica Acta: 35: 693, 694; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 202.
    • Colorado
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Georgetown District
          • Illinois Mine
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • El Paso Co.
        • Manitou District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Clear Creek Canyon
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Indiana
      • Crawford Co.
    		Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 18 73pp
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore Co.
        • Blue Mount
    		Rocks & Min.:12:247.
      • Cecil Co.
        • State Line District
    		Mineralogical Record Vol 12 #3 May/June 1981 pp149-156
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Rockville
    		minerals of washington d.c. area; L.R. Bernstein
    • Michigan
      • Ontonagon Co.
        • White Pine
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Nevada
      • Churchill Co.
        • Chalk Mountain District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lincoln Co.
        • Bristol and Jackrabbit Districts
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Pioche District
    		American Mineralogist 10:137-139
      • Mineral Co.
        • Fitting District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 264, 273.
      • Nye Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Gabbs District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
      • Hudson Co.
        • Hoboken
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 190, 273; NJ State Geol. Ann. Rpt(1900):186; Clark, 1993 - "Hey's Mineral Index".
    NSS Bulletin 56:27-24 (1994)
      • Doña Ana Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Eddy Co.
        • Carlsbad
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. Rev. Ed., 1996; Donald G. Davis - Extraordinary features of Lechuguilla Cave, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 62(2): 147-157.
      • Grant Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 84.
      • New York City
    		The New York State Museum Catalog No. 15203
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.; George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    Observed by David S. Bernstein- February of 2012
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    Collected by Steve Okulewicz
    Rocks & Minerals (1968) 43:643-647
      • Putnam Co.
        • Southeast Township
          • Brewster
    		Jensen (1978) Minerals of New York State, 42-43 Dana, 1874
    • North Carolina
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    		Rocks and Minerals, (1985) 60:76-82
    • Pennsylvania
      • Berks Co.
        • Spring Township
    		Gordon: Mineralogy of Pennsylvania, 1922 p. 159
      • Chester Co.
        • Westtown Township
          • West Chester
    		Mineral collecting in Pennsylvania, 1965 - Lapham & Geyer, pg. 130
      • Lancaster Co.
        • State Line Chromite District
          • Fulton Township
    		Lapham & Geyer, 1965. Mineral Collecting in Pennsylvania
    Personally Collected 4/12/2008, Mark J. Sigouin, Pennsylvania Licenced Professional Geologist
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273; The Mineralogy of Pennsylvania, 1875-1922; Samuel G. Gordon, Pg. 204.
          • Little Britain Township
            • Texas
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273; Mineralogy of Pennsylvania, S. Gordon pg. 69 (ref. Smith and Brush, 1853, 214)
      • Northampton Co.
        • Forks Township
          • Easton
            • Chestnut Hill
    		Rocks & Min.: 17:344.
    • Rhode Island
      • Providence Co.
        • Lincoln
          • Lime Rock
    		Michael W. Kieron collection; Rocks & Minerals (1986): 61: 286-289
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Jewel Cave National Monument
    		SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills" & Matrix 10:2 pp 81-90
    Bulletin of the National Speleological Society Volume 24 Part 2: 74-87 - July 1962
    • Tennessee
      • Hickman Co.
        • Coble
    		Travis A. Paris (2011) Tennessee mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 86, #4, 300-328.
      • Sevier Co.
        • Great Smoky Mts
    		Coskren, T. D. & Lauf, R. J. (2000): The Minerals of Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee. Mineralogical Record, 31, 163-175.
    • Utah
      • Salt Lake Co.
        • Wasatch Mts
          • Big Cottonwood District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Virginia
      • Bath Co.
    		NSS Bulletin 44:90-97 (1982)
      • Lee Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Wythe Co.
        • Wytheville
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Washington
      • Ferry Co.
        • Danville District
          • Danville
    		Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975
    www.dnr.wa.gov/geology/okanogan.htm.
        • Nighthawk District
          • Nighthawk
    		Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part I, Nonmetalic Minerals, Vol. 1; Marshall T. Huntting, 1956
    • Wisconsin
      • Crawford Co.
        • Prairie du Chien
    		Cronin, Bill, 1970, "The Sandstone Caves of Wisconsin, The Wisconsin Speleologist, vol. 9 #3, P. 53-99.; Boyd, Dick, 1965, "Moonmilk at Bridgeport Cave", Wisconsin Spaleologist, vol. 4 #2, p. 39-40.
      • Oneida Co.
    		Kennedy, L.P., T.A. Harding, J.N. Schaff & A.M. Zielinski, 1991, "The Lynne Massive Sulfide Deposit, Oneida County, Wisconsin", [abst], Institute on Lake Superior Geology Proceedings, 37th Annual Meeting, Eau Claire, WI., 1991, Vol. 37, part 1, p. 63.
    Uzbekistan
     
    • Tashkent (Toshkent) Viloyati
    		Golovanov, I. M.: O nachodke chantita v mestorožděnii Kurgašinkan (UzSSR). Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959, tom. 124, no. 2, s. 398 - 401.
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Midlands
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 273.
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