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Fibroferrite

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Alcaparrosa Mine, Cerritos Bayos, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region, Chile
© Elmar Lackner

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Formula:
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 5H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Light yellow, golden ...
Hardness:2 - 2½
Name:In allusion to its common FIBROus habit of aggregation and the composition, containing iron (Latin = FERRum).
This page provides mineralogical data about Fibroferrite.

Classification of Fibroferrite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.01-60
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.DC.15

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th edition ID:31.9.12.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
9 : (AB)(XO4)Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.10.18

25 : Sulphates
10 : Sulphates of Fe alone
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Type Occurrence of Fibroferrite

Type Locality:Tierra Amarilla, Copiapó Province, Atacama Region, Chile
Year of Discovery:1833

Occurrences of Fibroferrite

Geological Setting:Areas experiencing the oxidation of pyrite.

Physical Properties of Fibroferrite

Lustre:Silky, Pearly
Comment:Luster of aggregates.
Colour:Light yellow, golden yellow, nearly white, greenish grey, yellowish green, light green; colourless to faint yellow in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):2 - 2½
Cleavage:Perfect
On {001}, perfect.
Density (measured):1.84 - 2.1 g/cm3
Comment:2.52 (value on Valachov material).

Crystallography of Fibroferrite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Morphology:Occurs as fine-fibrous crusts and masses; botryoidal; radial-fibrous structured. Fibers elongated [001].
Twinning:Repeated on {110}, as triplets elongated [001].

Optical Data of Fibroferrite

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.532 nε = 1.570
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.038

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = Colourless
Y = Colourless
Z = c = Light golden yellow

Chemical Properties of Fibroferrite

Formula:
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 5H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, O, S

Relationship of Fibroferrite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.DC.05Aluminite
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.DC.05Meta-aluminite
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.DC.10Butlerite
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
7.DC.10Parabutlerite
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
7.DC.20Xitieshanite
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)Cl · 6H
 
2
O
7.DC.25Botryogen
MgFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 7H
 
2
O
7.DC.25Zincobotryogen
(Zn,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 7H
 
2
O
7.DC.30Chaidamuite
ZnFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 4H
 
2
O
7.DC.30Guildite
CuFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 4H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.10.1Szomolnokite
FeSO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
25.10.2Rozenite
FeSO
 
4
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.10.3Siderotil
FeSO
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
25.10.4Ferrohexahydrite
FeSO
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.10.5Melanterite
FeSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
25.10.6Rhomboclase
(H
 
5
O
 
2
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.10.7Lausenite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·6H
 
2
O
25.10.8Kornelite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 7H
 
2
O
25.10.9Coquimbite
Fe
 
2-x
Al
 
x
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 9H
 
2
O, x ~0.5
25.10.10Paracoquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 9H
 
2
O
25.10.11Quenstedtite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 10H
 
2
O
25.10.12Ferricopiapite
Fe
 
5
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
O(OH) · 20H
 
2
O
25.10.13Metahohmannite
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O · 4H
 
2
O
25.10.14Hohmannite
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O · 8H
 
2
O
25.10.15Butlerite
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
25.10.16Parabutlerite
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
25.10.17Amarantite
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O · 7H
 
2
O
25.10.19Hydroniumjarosite
(H
 
3
O)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.10.20Römerite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 14H
 
2
O
25.10.21Bílinite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
25.10.22Copiapite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
2
 · 20H
 
2
O

Other Names for Fibroferrite

Synonyms:
Copiapite (of Smith)Stypticite
Other Languages:
German:Fibroferrit
Stypticit
Russian:Фиброферрит
Simplified Chinese:纤铁矾
Spanish:Fibroferrita

Other Information

Other Information:Decomposed by water, rendering an acidic solution and a brown precipitate of hydrated iron oxide.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Fibroferrite

Reference List:

- +
Rose (1833) Annalen der Physik, Halle, Leipzig: 27: 316.

Prideaux (1841) Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: 18: 397.

Hausmann, J.F.L. (1847) Handbuch der Mineralogie, Göttingen. Second edition: vol. 2, in two parts: 2: 1202 (as Stypticit).

Smith (1854) American Journal of Science: 18: 375 (as Copiapite [of Smith]).

Headden (1905) Proceedings of the Colorado Scientific Society: 8: 60.

Manasse (1911) Proceedings, Società Toscana di scienze naturali di Pisa. Atti. Memorie: 27.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 75.

Walker (1922) University of Toronto Stud., Geology Series, no. 14: 87.

Scharizer (1927) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 65: 335.

Hintze, Carl (1929) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [3B]: 4428.

Jirovsky (1930) Časopis Nârod. Musea, Prague, Czech Republic: 104: 16.

Ulrich (1935) Časopis Nârod. Musea, Prague, Czech Republic: 109: 79.

Angelelli and Chaudet (1937) Revista minera, Soc. argentine min. geol.: 8: 46.

Bandy (1938) American Mineralogist: 23: 748.

Meixner (1939) Zbl. Min.: 110.

Gordon (1942) Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, Notulae Naturae, no. 102.

Prider (1943) Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia: 28: 79.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 614-616.

Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 28: 17-29.

Internet Links for Fibroferrite

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    • Localities for Fibroferrite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Antarctica
     
    • Eastern Antarctica
      • Princess Elizabeth Land
        • Ingrid Christensen Coast
    		Gore, D.B., Nichols, G.T., Lehmann, C.E.R., Burgess, J.S., Baird, A.S.&, Creagh, D.C. (2000) An atlas of surficial salts of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica: composition, distribution and origin ANARE Report 143. 146 pp
    Argentina
     
    • La Rioja
      • Sierra de Famatina
        • La Mejicana District
    		Brotkorb (2002): las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina
    • San Juan
      • La Alcaparrosa
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II:: 480, 609, 616, 1014.
    Australia
     
    • Victoria
      • East Gippsland Shire
        • Nowa Nowa
    • Western Australia
      • Chidlows
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Hafner group
          • Pölla valley
            • Zanaischg (Zaneischg)
    		Meixner, H. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(3), 195-209.
    • Salzburg
      • Werfen
        • Pöham
          • Fritzbach valley
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616; A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Inn valley
    		No reference listed
    Bolivia
     
    • Oruro Department
      • Dalence Province
        • Huanuni
    		[MinRec 32:472]
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Vancouver Island
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • Antofagasta Province
        • Sierra Gorda District
          • Caracoles
    		Uwe Kolitsch (single-crystal X-ray diffraction + SEM-EDS)
      • El Loa Province
        • Calama
          • Cerritos Bayos
          • Chuquicamata District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 614, 616.
            • Toki Cu deposit (Toki Cluster)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
    • Atacama Region
      • Copiapó Province
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616; NJMM (1987), 171.
    China
     
    • Qinghai (Chinghai) Province
      • Haixi Autonomous Prefecture
        • Da Qaidam (Dachaidan) Co.
    		Qingtong Ye (1983): Acta Geologica Sinica 57(4)
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Kezilesu (Kizilsu; Qizilsu) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Wuqia (Ulugqat; Ulughchat) Co.
    		Jiajun Liu, Minghua Zheng, Cook, N.J., Xunrong Long, Jun Deng, and Yusheng Zhai (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 32, 125-156.
      • Tulufan (Turfan; Turpan) Prefecture
        • Shanshan (Piqan; Pichan) Co.
    		Huaqin Li and Fuwen Chen (2003): Acta Geoscientica Sinica 24(6), 555-558
    Cyprus
     
    • Nicosia District (Lefkoşa District; Lefkosia District)
      • Skouriotissa
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Skřivaň
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616; Duda, Rejl, Slivka: "Mineralien", 1991.
      • Pardubice Region
    		Prachař, I.: Současný stav výskytu nerostů ve Chvaleticích. Acta musei Reginaehradecensis, série A: vědy přírodní, 1981, roč. XVI., s. 99-102.
      • Prague District (Praha District)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 616.; Kouřimský, J.: O fibroferritu ze Zličína u Prahy. Sborník Národního musea v Praze, 1971, 27B, 1, 1-8.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
    		Žáček, V.: Nové sulfáty železa ze zlatohorského revíru v Jeseníkách. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1991, roč. 36, č. 4, s. 278-279.
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Bas-Rhin
        • Bruche valley (Breuch valley)
          • Schirmeck
            • Framont - Grandfontaine area
              • Grandfontaine-les-Minières
    		A. Wittern, J.-R. Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", von Loga (Cologne), 1997
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Gard
        • Anduze
          • Saint-Félix-de-Pallières
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
    Germany
     
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
      • Wurzbach
        • Lehesten
    		- Liebeskind, W., Lehrieder, E. (1992): Der Lehester Schieferbergbau, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 43, 139-153
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Plaka
            • Plaka Mines
    		No reference listed
    Hungary
     
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Rudabányai Mts.
        • Rudabánya
    		Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya, 2001
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Balaton Uplands
        • Bazsi
          • Prága Hill
    		KOVÁCS-PÁLFFY, P. et al. (2005): A Karikás-tető (Prága-hegy, Balaton-felvidék) bazaltjának üregkitöltő ásványai [The cavity filling minerals of the basalt from Karikás-tető (Prága Hill, Balaton Highland, Transdanubia)]. A Magyar Állami Földtani Intézet Évi Jelentése, 95-118. [http://www.mafi.hu/microsites/EJ_digi/EJ_2005PDF/Kovacs_Palffy.pdf]
    Italy
     
    • Marche
      • Ancona Province
        • Fabriano
    		P. Mattias- M. Guerra (2008) - Le miniere nelle Marche II° parte Miniere e mineralizzazioni-Giacimenti e vicende Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Massa Marittima
    		Nannoni R., Capperi M., 1983. La miniera di "Fenice-Capanne". Minerali e genesi del giacimento. Quad. Mus. Stor. Nat. Livorno, 4: 19-32.
    Brizzi G., Capperi M., Masotti A. - La miniera di pirite di Niccioleta, Massa Marittima (GR) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, Fasc. 4 (1989) e Fasc. 1 - 2(1990)
      • Livorno Province
    		Barsotti, G., & Nannoni, R. (2006). Rocce, minerali e miniere delle isole dell'Arcipelago Toscano. Pacini editore, 152 pp.
        • Elba Island
          • Capoliveri
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
          • Porto Azzurro
    		E. Manasse, 1912 - Ricerche petrografiche e mineralogiche sul Monte Arco (Isola d'Elba) - Atti Soc. Tosc. Sc. Nat., Mem. Serie A, 28:118-199.
          • Rio Marina
            • Rio Mine (Rio Marina Mine)
    		E. Manasse, 1911 – Sopra alcuni minerali della Toscana – Atti Soc. Tosc. Sc. Nat., Mem. serie A, 27: 1-19; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
      • Lucca Province
        • Apuan Alps
          • Vergemoli
    		Biagioni, C., Bonaccorsi, E., Orlandi, P. (2011) Volaschioite: a new mineral from Fornovolasco, Apuan Alps, Tuscany (Italy). Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 605-614.
      • Siena Province
        • Chiusdino
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616; Mineralogical Record, 15 (1), 27-36.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Tottori Prefecture
    		Sakurai & Ashizawa (1954) Koubutsugaku Zasshi, 1, 437-440.
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Øvre Eiker
        • Krekling
    		Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68 p. 112.
    • Oppland
      • Sel
        • Otta
    		J. Brommeland (1979, pers. com.); Neumann (1985, p. 112).
    Peru
     
    • Huancavelica Department
      • Castrovirreyna Province
        • Castrovirreyna District
    		Uwe Kolitsch (powder X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS)
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
    		Siuda, R.: Wieściszowice. Otoczak, 2004, nr. 31, p. 58-65.
    Republic of Macedonia
     
    • Roszdan
    		[Rieck, B. (1993) - Famous mineral localities: Allchar, Macedonia, Mineralogical Record, 24 (6), 437-449]
    Romania
     
    • Harghita Co.
    		Edited by Szakáll-Kristály(2010):Mineralogy of Székelyland,Eastern Transsylvania,Romania
    Russia
     
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Orenburgskaya Oblast'
          • Mednogorsk District
            • Sakmara Zone
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
    		Ďuďa R.,Kotuľak P., Káňa R., 1993: Bergbau und Mineralien von Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz), Slowakei. Emser Hefte, 14, 3, 1-70, Haltern
    • Košice Region
      • Gelnica Co.
        • Smolník Mining District
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
      • Košice Co.
        • Medzev
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    • Prešov Region
      • Prešov Co.
        • Červenica
          • Dubník
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Baix Llobregat
          • Gavà
            • Bruguers
    		Bareche, E (2005) "Els minerals de Catalunya. Segle XX" Ed. Grup Mineralògic Català, Barcelona, 269 p.
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Medel Valley
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 165.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Ayer
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 165.
        • Saint-Luc
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 165.
      • Martigny
        • Mont Chemin
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 165.
    UK
     
    • Wales
      • Conwy (Gwynedd; Caernarvonshire)
        • Gwydyr Forest area
          • Trefriw
    		BMS Collection
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Simferopol area
        • Mramornoe Village area
    		Alexander I. Tischenko (1996)/ Minerals of the Crimea. - World of stones, 1996, #9, p. 9-18.
    • Donets'k Oblast' (Donetsk Oblast')
      • Gorlovka
        • Novyi Donbass
    		Möckel, S. & Frischmann, N. (1992): Mineralien der Quecksilberlagerstätte Nikitovka in der Ukraine. Mineralien-Welt, 3, 14-15. (in German)
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		No reference listed
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 222.
    • California
    		Yale Peabody Museum
      • Napa Co.
        • Knoxville District
          • Knoxville
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616; Rogers, Austin Flint (1931b), Castanite, a basic ferric sulphate from Knoxville, California: American Mineralogist: 16: 397; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 273.
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Barstow
          • Lead Mountain
    		www.mineralsocal.org
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
          • Calico District (Daggett District)
    		Forrest Cureton specimens
            • Yermo
              • Mule Canyon
    		Foshag, William Frederick (1931c), Krausite, a new sulphate from California: American Mineralogist: 16: 352-360; Moller, W.P. (1963) Sulfur Hole. Mineralogist: 31, part 1, N. 3: 12-16; part 2, No. 4: 13; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 273.
      • Trinity Co.
        • Island Mountain
    		Landon, Robert Emmanuel (1927), Roemerite from California: American Mineralogist: 12: 279; Melhase, John (1934), A diversity of many fine minerals available in California for collectors: Oregon Mineralogist: 2(6): 1-2; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 186; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 273; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 616.
    • Colorado
      • Eagle Co.
        • Gilman District (Battle Mountain District; Red Cliff District)
          • Gilman
    		Dana 6:1089.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Opalite District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Morey District
          • Morey Mine
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Washoe Co.
        • Galena District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed, 1996
    • Utah
      • Emery Co.
        • Green River (South West)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • San Rafael District (San Rafael Swell)
          • Calf Mesa
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Virginia
      • Louisa Co.
        • Gold-Pyrite Belt
          • Mineral
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
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