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Symplesite

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Big Photo

Saubach Fault, Muldenberg, Klingenthal, Vogtland, Saxony, Germany
© O. Dziallas

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Formula:
Fe
2+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
System:TriclinicColour:Light green, greenish ...
Hardness:2½
Member of:Symplesite Group
Name:Named by Johan Friedrich August Breithaupt in 1837 from the Greek 'ουν' and 'πλησιαζειν' meaning 'to bring together' because of its relationship with other minerals.
Dimorph of:Parasymplesite


Symplesite Group.

The Fe2+ may oxidise to a significant degree to Fe3+ (see ferrisymplesite) with an accompanying change in colour and optical properties analogous to Vivianite.

Classification of Symplesite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/C.14-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.CE.45

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
E : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O about 1:2.5
Dana 8th edition ID:40.3.8.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:20.9.6

20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
9 : Arsenates of Fe
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-3851.html
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Type Occurrence of Symplesite

Type Locality:Tännig, Bad Lobenstein, Thuringia, Germany
Year of Discovery:1837
Geological Setting of type material:Oxidised zone of arsenic-bearing hydrothermal deposits.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
ScoroditeRoselitePharmacosideriteParasymplesiteErythrite
Annabergite

Physical Properties of Symplesite

Lustre:Sub-Vitreous, Greasy, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Comment:Pearly lustre on cleavage planes.
Colour:Light green, greenish black, light blue, indigo blue
Streak:White, bluish white.
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Tenacity:Flexible
Cleavage:Perfect
On {110}, perfect.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Translation gliding:T {1_10}, t[001].
Density (measured):2.96 - 3.01 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.02 g/cm3
Comment:Measured value on Lobenstien material.

Crystallography of Symplesite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Space Group Setting:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 7.87Å, b = 9.41Å, c = 4.72Å
α = 99.92°, β = 97.38°, γ = 105.96°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.836 : 1 : 0.502
Unit Cell Volume:V 325.29 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:1
Morphology:Crystals small and imperfect, elongated [001]; flattened {110} at times. Spherical aggregates with a coarsely fibrous, radial structure
Twinning:On {110}
Comment:NJMA 138:94 (1980)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
8.971 (15)
7.499 (16)
6.785 (100)
5.027 (7)
4.069 (7)
4.007 (8)
Comments:ICDD 8-172

Optical Data of Symplesite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.635 nβ = 1.668 nγ = 1.702
2V:Measured: 87° , Calculated: 88°
Birefringence:0.067
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.067

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r > v strong
Optical Extinction:Z^c = 31.5° increasing to 50° as oxidised, X perpendicular to {1-10
Pleochroism:Strong
Comments:X = ┴ (110) = Deep blue
Y = Nearly colourless
Z = ^ c 31½° = Pale Yellow

Chemical Properties of Symplesite

Formula:
Fe
2+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
Essential elements:As, Fe, H, O
All elements listed in formula:As, Fe, H, O

Relationship of Symplesite to other Species

Member of:Symplesite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Ferrisymplesite
Fe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
Metaköttigite
(Zn,Fe,Fe)
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8(H
 
2
O,OH)
Metavivianite
Fe
2+
3-x
Fe
3+
x
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)x · (8-x)H
 
2
O
Common Associates:
ScoroditePharmacosideriteLimoniteErythriteAnnabergite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.CE.05Chudobaite
(Mg,Zn)
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 10H
 
2
O
8.CE.05Geigerite
Mn
2+
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 10H
 
2
O
8.CE.10Newberyite
Mg(HPO
 
4
) · 3H
 
2
O
8.CE.15Brassite
Mg(HAsO
 
4
) · 4H
 
2
O
8.CE.20Phosphorrösslerite
Mg(HPO
 
4
) · 7H
 
2
O
8.CE.20Rösslerite
Mg(HAsO
 
4
) · 7H
 
2
O
8.CE.25Metaswitzerite
Mn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CE.25Switzerite
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 7H
 
2
O
8.CE.30Lindackerite
CuCu
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8-9H
 
2
O
8.CE.30Ondrušite
CaCu
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 10H
 
2
O
8.CE.30Veselovskýite
ZnCu
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 9H
 
2
O
8.CE.30Pradetite
CoCu
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 9H
 
2
O
8.CE.30Klajite
MnCu
 
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 9-10H
 
2
O
8.CE.35Bobierrite
Mg
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Annabergite
Ni
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Arupite
Ni
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Barićite
(Mg,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Erythrite
Co
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Ferrisymplesite
Fe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Hörnesite
Mg
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Köttigite
Zn
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Manganohörnesite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Parasymplesite
Fe
2+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Vivianite
Fe
2+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.40Pakhomovskyite
Co
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.50Cattiite
Mg
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 22H
 
2
O
8.CE.55Koninckite
Fe
3+
 
PO
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
8.CE.60Kaňkite
FeAsO
 
4
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
8.CE.65Steigerite
Al(VO
 
4
) · 3H
 
2
O
8.CE.70Metaschoderite
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(VO
 
4
) · 6H
 
2
O
8.CE.70Schoderite
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(VO
 
4
) · 8H
 
2
O
8.CE.75Malhmoodite
FeZr(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CE.75Zigrasite
MgZr(PO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CE.75Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Zigrasite)
CaZr[PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
8.CE.80Santabarbaraite
Fe
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
8.CE.85Metaköttigite
(Zn,Fe,Fe)
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8(H
 
2
O,OH)
8.CE.85Metavivianite
Fe
2+
3-x
Fe
3+
x
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)x · (8-x)H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
20.9.1Angelellite
Fe
3+
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
3
20.9.2Scorodite
FeAsO
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
20.9.3Kaňkite
FeAsO
 
4
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
20.9.4Ferrisymplesite
Fe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
20.9.5Kaatialaite
Fe(H
 
2
AsO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
20.9.7Parasymplesite
Fe
2+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
20.9.8Natropharmacosiderite
(Na,K)Fe
3+
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 6-7H
 
2
O
20.9.9Pharmacosiderite
KFe
3+
4
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 6-7H
 
2
O
20.9.10Kolfanite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
20.9.11Arseniosiderite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
20.9.12Yukonite
Ca
 
3
Fe
3+
 
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
3
 · 5H
 
2
O
20.9.13Dussertite
BaFe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
5
20.9.14Liskeardite
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 5H
 
2
O
20.9.15Mapimite
Zn
 
2
Fe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
 · 10H
 
2
O
20.9.16Ogdensburgite
Ca
 
2
Fe
3+
4
(Zn,Mn
2+
 
)(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
20.9.17Walentaite
H(Ca,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)Fe
3+
3
(AsO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O

Other Names for Symplesite

Other Languages:
German:Symplesit
Russian:Симплезит
Spanish:Symplesita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Not fluorescent
Other Information:Soluble in acids. Turns reddish brown in strong KOH solution or in 30% H2O2.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Symplesite

Reference List:

- +
Breithaupt, August (1837): Bestimmung neuer Mineralien. 1. Symplesischer Diatom oder Symplesit. Journal für praktische Chemie: 10: 501-512.

Bořický (1868): Vh. min. Geselschaft: 3: 98.

Krenner (1886): Termés Füzetek, 10: 83, 108.

Krenner (1887): Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 13: 70.

Larsen, Esper Signus (1921): The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin: 679: 140.

Heide (1928): Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 67: 81.

Wolfe, Caleb Wroe (1940): American Mineralogist: 25: 801.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, & Frondel, Clifford (1951): The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 752-753.

Structural Reports (1950): 63:303

Ito, T. and Mori, H. (1954): The Symplesite Problem. Tokyo University Faculty Science Journal: 9(2): 201-204.

Acta Crystallographica: 3: 1-6.

Schmetzer, K., Tremmel, Gerd, and Bartelke, Wolfgang (1980): Eine Paragenese Seltener Minerale aus Bou-Azzer, Marokko: Parasymplesite, Symplesite, Schneiderhoehnite, Karibibite. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 1980, 138: 94-108.

Internet Links for Symplesite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Symplesite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Symplesite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Wooltana homestead area
    • Tasmania
      • Huon district
        • Weld river
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Waratah district
        • Magnet
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753; Ralph Bottrill EDS-analyses
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hüttenberg
          • Hüttenberger Erzberg
    		H. Meixner: Der Karinthin 1:2-6 (1948)
            • Lölling District
    		H. Meixner: Der Karinthin 23:277-280 (1953)
    A. Brunlechner: Carinthia II 84:152-153 (1894)
          • Mosinzgraben
            • Schottenau
    		M. Puttner: Carinthia II 192./112.:255-260 (2002)
    Puttner, M. (1987): Mineralien von St. Martin am Silberberg (Kärnten) und Sekundärbildungen in Schlackenhohlräumen. – Carinthia II, Klagenfurt, 177./97.: 149-157.
    G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
      • Gailtaler Alpen & Karnische Alpen
        • Kirchbach
          • Kirchbachgraben
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Malta valley
          • Kölnbreinspitze - Lausnock area
    		Collection of NHM, Vienna
      • Saualpe
        • Prebl
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Lower Austria
      • Industrieviertel
        • Gloggnitz
          • Schlossberg
    		Sigmund, A. (1911): Erzvorkommen im Riebeckitgranit von Gloggnitz (N.-Ö.) und neuere Mineralfunde am steirischen Erzberg. Tschermaks Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 30, 479-481;
    • Styria
      • Birkfeld
        • Gasen
    		Postl, W. & Moser, B. (1987); Exel, R. (1993)
      • Schladming
        • Schladminger Tauern
          • Obertalbach valley
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989); Pribitzer, F. (1956): Die Minerallagerstätte Zinkwand bei Schladming in Steiermark (Österreich). Aufschluss, 7 (3), 59-63.
    Canada
     
    • Yukon Territory
      • Whitehorse Mining District
        • Carcross
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753.
            • Windy Arm
    		Tyrrell & Graham (1913), Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada 7, sec. 4: 13-18; Traill (1983), Geol. Soc. of Canada Paper 80-18.
    Sabina (1992), Geol. Soc. of Canada Misc. Report 50: 41.
    Chile
     
    • Atacama Region
      • Copiapó Province
        • Tierra Amarilla
          • Pampa Larga district
    		maurizio dini collection - quantitative analysis
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Příbram
          • Třebsko
    		Kašpar, P., Řídkošil, T., Šrein, V.: Minerogeneze žíly T 1 z Třebska u Příbrami. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 1983, vol. 27, nos. 1-2, s. 61-96.
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
    Sehrig, M. & Dietel, J. (2011): Silber, Uran, Arsen und Heilquellen: Auf Mineraliensuche in Jáchymov, einem der ältesten Bergwerke der Welt. Lapis 36 (7-8), 67-71; 86.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Nepomuk (Pomuk)
    		Litochleb, J.: Mineralogie zlatonosného zrudnění z dolu Jakub u Kasejovic (jz. Čechy). Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1998, roč. 6, s. 102-112.
        • Planá u Mariánských Lázní (Plan)
    		Tvrdý, J., Řídkošil, T.: Sekundární minerály z lokality Svatá Anna v Plané u Mariánských Lázní. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1983, roč. 28, č. 3, s. 316.; http://www.mineralos.cz/lokality/plana/plana.htm
      • South Bohemia Region
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753.
    Historic mineral collection National museum of Czech Republic
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
    		Lapis 23(4), 18-34 (1998)
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
        • Javorník
    		Sejkora, J.: Uranové ložisko Zálesí v Rychlebských horách. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 105-110.
      • Vysočina Region
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
    		Staněk, J.: Parageneze minerálů pegmatitových žil z Hatí u Dolních Borů na západní Moravě. Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. nat., vol. 76, pages 19-49.
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Ste Marie-aux-Mines (Markirch)
    		Wittern, Journée: "Mineralien finden in den Vogesen", 1997
        • Thur valley (Thann valley)
          • Kruth
    		Kolitsch: Aufschluss 2/1997; U. Kolitsch (1997): Neufunde von Mineralien aus einigen Vorkommen der Vogesen, Frankreich: Giromagny, Auxelles-Haut und Kruth 1. Aufschluss 48 (4), 243-256.
    • Brittany
      • Finistère
        • Châteauneuf-du-Faou
    		Germain C., Saget Ph., Tissier J.P. (1990), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°1, pp: 11-19
      • Morbihan
        • Le Roc Saint-André
    		Le Règne Minéral, (Hors Série 7), 42-58
    • Limousin
      • Haute-Vienne
        • Nantiat
          • Vaulry
    		Queneau Patrice collection
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Haslach
          • Schnellingen
    		Blaß, G. & Graf, H.W. (2000): Neufunde von bekannten Fundorten im Schwarzwald. Mineralien-Welt, 11 (4), 57-60.
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
            • Böckelsbach valley
    		Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
            • Burgfelsen
    		No reference listed
            • Heubach Valley
    		No reference listed
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Waldmünchen
            • Althütte
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Marienberg District
          • Lauta
    		Hajek, W. (2010): Kristallwelten Marienberg. Weise Verlag, München.
    Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753.
      • Vogtland
        • Klingenthal
          • Muldenberg
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753.
    • Thuringia
      • Bad Lobenstein
    		A. Breithaupt (1837): Bestimmung neuer Mineralien. 1. Symplesischer Diatom oder Symplesit.- Journal für praktische Chemie 10, 501-512; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753.
      • Greiz
        • Neumühle
    		Rüger, F. (2009): Die Mineralien des Kuhbergbruchs Neumühle in Thüringen. Lapis 34 (6), 25-30; 43-47; 70.
      • Saalfeld
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
    		No reference listed
              • Hilarion area
    		No reference listed
        • Lavrion District slag localities
          • Sounion area
    		Fritz Schreiber phot and specimen;
          • Thorikos area
    		No reference listed
    • Macedonia Department
      • Kavála Prefecture
        • Kavála
    		Andrew P. Fornadel, Paul G. Spry, Vasilios Melfos, Michael Vavelidis and Panagiotis Ch. Voudouris (2011): Is the Palea Kavala Bi–Te–Pb–Sb ± Au district, northeastern Greece, an intrusion-related system? Ore Geology Reviews, 39, 119-133.
    Italy
     
    • Lombardy
      • Varese Province
        • Ceresio Valley
    		Biffi P., Sbacchi M., Sinelli E., 2004. Gli arseniati di Cava del Prete e altre novità mineralogiche dal granofiro di Cuasso al Monte (Varese). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 28, 4: 232-239
    • Piedmont
      • Vercelli Province
        • Sesia Valley
    		Luigi Chiappino data
    • Sardinia
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Fluminimaggiore
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 192 pp.
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Arbus
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2, 192 pp.
        • Gonnosfanadiga
          • Fenugu Sibiri Mine
    		Brizzi, G., Olmi, F., Sabelli, C. (1994): Gli arseniati di Pira Inferida, Gonnofanadiga (CA). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 3/1994, 193-206.
    AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 239 pp.
    • Sicily
      • Messina Province
        • Mandanici
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
          • Nakatsugawa City
            • Hirukawa
              • Tohgane mine (Togane mine)
    		Matsubara et al (1992) Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi, 87, 147-148.
    • Kyushu Region
      • Oita prefecture
        • Saeki city
    		Sturman (1976) Canadian Mineralogist, 14, 437-441; Satoshi Matsubara, Ritsuro Miyawaki, Masako Shigeoka, Hidemasa Tajima, Katsuichi Nishida and Yoshiteru Fujiwara (2009): Bendadaite and iron arsenate minerals from the Kiura mine, Oita Prefecture, Japan. 2009 Annual Meeting of Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences, Abstracts Volume, Abs. R4-06, p. 100.
    Mexico
     
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Mapimí
        • Mapimí
    		No reference listed
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		S. Weiß: Lapis 31(7/8), 72-73 (2006)
    Norway
     
    • Akershus
      • Rælingen
    		Kamphaug, E.(1986): Geologien i området Blystadlia-Rælingen. NAGS-nytt 13(3), 4-13; Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse, Skrifter 68, p. 125
    Romania
     
    • Maramures Co.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 753.
    Russia
     
    • Northern Caucasus Region
      • Adygea (Adygeya) Republic
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Malcantone
        • Breno
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 392-393.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Bassenthwaite
    		[UKJMM 18:16]
          • Caldbeck Fells
    		No reference listed
          • Threlkeld District
            • St John's in the Vale
    		BMS Database
    USA
     
    • California
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Santa Cruz
    • Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
        • Lynn District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Potosi District
          • Adam Peak
    		NBMG Spec Pub 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
          • Pringle
            • Cicero Peak
    		Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
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