Genkinite
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About Genkinite
Aleksandr Genkin
Formula:
(Pt,Pd,Rh)4Sb3
Colour:
Pale brown or yellowish tan
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
8.83 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named by Louis J. Cabri, John M. Stewart, J.H.T. Laflamme, and J.T. Szymanski in honor of Aleksandr Dmitrievich Genkin (28 July 1919 - 9 July 2010), Russian mineralogist at the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IGEM RAS) in Moscow. He was a specialist in the ore mineralogy and geology of the platinum group minerals, in particular working on the Cu-Ni mineral deposits of the Noril'sk area of the Russian Federation. Later in life he was a pioneer of advanced techniques in the search for trace amounts of precious metals in sulphides and sulpharsenides. He helped to describe 20 minerals and was a founder of the journal Geologiya Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii (Geology of Ore Deposits).
Classification of Genkinite
Approved
Approval year:
1976
First published:
1977
2/A.05-120
2.AC.35a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
A : Alloys
C : Alloys of metalloids with PGE
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
A : Alloys
C : Alloys of metalloids with PGE
2.6.4.1
2 : SULFIDES
6 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 4:3
2 : SULFIDES
6 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 4:3
3.12.54
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
Physical Properties of Genkinite
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Pale brown or yellowish tan
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN25=603 - 677 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
8.83 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Genkinite
Anisotropism:
Moderate to strong - from gray to extinction
Colour in reflected light:
Pale brown or tan with a yellowish tinge
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
In oil
Chemical Properties of Genkinite
Formula:
(Pt,Pd,Rh)4Sb3
IMA Formula:
Pt4Sb3
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Rh,Ni,Cu,Bi,As
Crystallography of Genkinite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4 2 2 - Trapezohedral
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.736 Å, c = 24.161 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 3.123
Unit Cell V:
1,445.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Irregular grains to 160 microns
Geological Environment
Geological Setting:
In platinum bearing ophiolites or ultramafics and derived placers.
Type Occurrence of Genkinite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Fersman Museum (N79000), Royal Ontario Museum (M34681), Smithsonian (136485).
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Genkinite
Other Language Names for Genkinite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 1 photo of Genkinite associated with Isoferroplatinum | Pt3Fe |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
| 2.AC. | Törnroosite | Pd11As2Te2 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 2.AC.05a | Atheneite | Pd2As0.75Hg0.25 | Hex. 6 m2 : P62m |
| 2.AC.05b | Vincentite | Pd3As | Tet. |
| 2.AC.10c | Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| 2.AC.10b | Mertieite-II | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c |
| 2.AC.10a | Stillwaterite | Pd8As3 | Trig. |
| 2.AC.15a | Isomertieite | Pd11Sb2As2 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 2.AC.15b | Mertieite-I | Pd11(Sb,As)4 | Hex. |
| 2.AC.15a | Miessiite | Pd11Te2Se2 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 2.AC.20b | Palarstanide | Pd5(Sn,As)2 | Hex. |
| 2.AC.20a | Stibiopalladinite | Pd5Sb2 | Hex. |
| 2.AC.20c | Menshikovite | Pd3Ni2As3 | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| 2.AC.25e | Majakite | PdNiAs | Hex. |
| 2.AC.25a | Palladoarsenide | Pd2As | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
| 2.AC.25f | Palladobismutharsenide | Pd2(As,Bi) | Orth. |
| 2.AC.25c | Palladodymite | (Pd,Rh)2As | Orth. |
| 2.AC.25b | Rhodarsenide | (Rh,Pd)2As | Orth. |
| 2.AC.25d | Naldrettite | Pd2Sb | Orth. mm2 : Cmc21 |
| 2.AC.30 | UM1999-02-As:NiRh | (Rh,Ni)7As4 | |
| 2.AC.30 | Polkanovite | Rh12As7 | Hex. |
| 2.AC.35b | Ungavaite | Pd4Sb3 | Tet. 4 2 2 : P41 21 2 |
| 2.AC.40 | Polarite | Pd(Bi,Pb) | Orth. mm2 : Cmc21 |
| 2.AC.45c | Borishanskiite | Pd1+x(As,Pb)2 , x = 0-0.2 | Orth. mm2 |
| 2.AC.45a | Froodite | α-PdBi2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 2.AC.45b | Iridarsenite | (Ir,Ru)As2 | Mon. |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
| 3.12.1 | Seinäjokite | (Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)2 | Orth. |
| 3.12.2 | Laurite | RuS2 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| 3.12.3 | Ruthenarsenite | (Ru,Ni)As | Orth. |
| 3.12.4 | Anduoite | (Ru,Os)As2 | Orth. |
| 3.12.5 | Ruarsite | (Ru,Os)AsS | Mon. |
| 3.12.6 | Xingzhongite | Pb2+Ir3+2S4 | Iso. |
| 3.12.7 | Rhodplumsite | Rh3Pb2S2 | Trig. |
| 3.12.8 | Cuprorhodsite | (Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 3.12.9 | Konderite | Cu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16 | Hex. 6/m : P6/m |
| 3.12.10 | Bowieite | (Rh,Ir,Pt)2S3 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 3.12.11 | Cherepanovite | RhAs | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| 3.12.12 | Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) |
| 3.12.13 | Vysotskite | (Pd,Ni)S | Tet. |
| 3.12.14 | Vasilite | (Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7 | Iso. |
| 3.12.15 | Palladseite | Pd17Se15 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) |
| 3.12.16 | Oosterboschite | (Pd,Cu)7Se5 | Orth. |
| 3.12.17 | Telluropalladinite | Pd9Te4 | Mon. |
| 3.12.18 | Temagamite | Pd3HgTe3 | Trig. 3m : P3m1 |
| 3.12.19 | Sopcheite | Ag4Pd3Te4 | Orth. |
| 3.12.20 | Michenerite | PdBiTe | Iso. 2 3 : P21 3 |
| 3.12.21 | Kotulskite | Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4) | Hex. |
| 3.12.22 | Telargpalite | (Pd,Ag)3(Te,Bi) | Iso. |
| 3.12.23 | Merenskyite | PdTe2 | Trig. 3m : P3m1 |
| 3.12.24 | Palladoarsenide | Pd2As | Mon. 2/m : P2/m |
| 3.12.25 | Stillwaterite | Pd8As3 | Trig. |
| 3.12.26 | Atheneite | Pd2As0.75Hg0.25 | Hex. 6 m2 : P62m |
| 3.12.27 | Majakite | PdNiAs | Hex. |
| 3.12.28 | Palarstanide | Pd5(Sn,As)2 | Hex. |
| 3.12.29 | Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| 3.12.30 | Vincentite | Pd3As | Tet. |
| 3.12.31 | Palladobismutharsenide | Pd2(As,Bi) | Orth. |
| 3.12.32 | Stibiopalladinite | Pd5Sb2 | Hex. |
| 3.12.33 | Hexatestibiopanickelite | (Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te) | Hex. |
| 3.12.34 | Sudburyite | PdSb | Hex. |
| 3.12.35 | Testibiopalladite | PdTe(Sb,Te) | Iso. |
| 3.12.36 | Borovskite | Pd3SbTe4 | Iso. |
| 3.12.37 | Isomertieite | Pd11Sb2As2 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 3.12.38 | Mertieite-I | Pd11(Sb,As)4 | Hex. |
| 3.12.39 | Mertieite-II | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c |
| 3.12.40 | Sobolevskite | PdBi | Hex. |
| 3.12.41 | Froodite | α-PdBi2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| 3.12.42 | Polarite | Pd(Bi,Pb) | Orth. mm2 : Cmc21 |
| 3.12.43 | Urvantsevite | Pd(Bi,Pb)2 | Tet. |
| 3.12.44 | Cooperite | PtS | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mmc |
| 3.12.45 | Braggite | (Pt,Pd,Ni)S | Tet. |
| 3.12.46 | Kharaelakhite | (Cu,Pt,Pb,Fe,Ni)9S8 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm |
| 3.12.47 | Malanite | Cu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4 | Iso. |
| 3.12.48 | Moncheite | (Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi)2 | Trig. |
| 3.12.49 | Maslovite | PtBiTe | Iso. 2 3 : P21 3 |
| 3.12.50 | Sperrylite | PtAs2 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| 3.12.51 | Platarsite | PtAsS | Iso. |
| 3.12.52 | Geversite | PtSb2 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| 3.12.53 | Daomanite | CuPtAsS2 | Orth. |
| 3.12.55 | Stumpflite | PtSb | Hex. |
| 3.12.56 | Insizwaite | Pt(Bi,Sb)2 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| 3.12.57 | Erlichmanite | OsS2 | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| 3.12.58 | Omeiite | (Os,Ru)As2 | Orth. |
| 3.12.59 | Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS | Mon. |
| 3.12.60 | Kashinite | (Ir,Rh)2S3 | Orth. |
| 3.12.61 | Inaglyite | Cu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16 | Hex. |
| 3.12.62 | Cuproiridsite | (Cu,Fe)Ir2S4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| 3.12.63 | Iridarsenite | (Ir,Ru)As2 | Mon. |
| 3.12.64 | Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS | Iso. |
| 3.12.65 | Tolovkite | IrSbS | Iso. |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Genkinite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Cabri, L.J., Stewart, J.M., Laflamme, J.H.G., Szymanski, J.T. (1977) Platinum-group minerals from Onverwacht. III. Genkinite, (Pt,Pd)4Sb3, a new mineral. Canadian Mineralogist: 15: 389-392.
Fleischer, M., Mandarino, J.A., Chao, G.Y. (1979) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 64: 652-659.
Cabri, L.J., Criddle, A.J., LaFlamme, G.J.H, Bearne, G.S., Harris, D.C. (1981) Mineralogical study of complex Pt-Fe nuggets from Ethiopia. Bulletin de Minéralogie: 104: 508-525.
Prichard, H.M., Tarkian, M. (1988) Platinum and palladium minerals from two PGE-rich localities in the Shetland ophiolite complex. The Canadian Mineralogist 26, 979-990.
Internet Links for Genkinite
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Localities for Genkinite
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The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| 5th International Platinum Symposium Bulletin of The Geological Society of Finland Number 61, Part 1,1989,1-64 |
Canada | |
| Nixon, G.T., Cabri, L.J., and Laflamme, J.H.G. (1990) Platinum-group-element mineralizaton in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist: 28, 503-535. |
| Nixon, G. T., Cabri, L. J., & Laflamme, J. G. (1990). Platinum-group-element mineralization in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 503-535. | |
| Nixon, G. T., Cabri, L. J., & Laflamme, J. G. (1990). Platinum-group-element mineralization in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 503-535. | |
| Wilson, G., & Harper, G. (2013). Nipigon Reefs Project: A New Look at the PGE-bearing Seagull Mafic-Ultramafic Complex. Field Guide to the Copper-Nickel-Platinum Group Element Deposits of the Lake Superior Region, Precambrian Research Center Guidebook, 13-01. |
Ethiopia | |
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:1278-1285 |
| Cabri, L. J., Criddle, A. J., Laflamme, J. H. G., Bearne, G. S., & Harris, D. C. (1981). Mineralogical study of complex Pt-Fe nuggets from Ethiopia. Bulletin de Mineralogie, 104(4), 508-525. |
Russia | |
| Tony Nikischer specimen and analysis; Sidorov, E. G., Tolstykh, N. D., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Pakhomov, I. O. (2004). Placer PGE minerals from the Filippa clinopyroxenite-dunite massif (Kamchatka). Geologiya i Geofizika (Russian Geology and Geophysics), 45(9), 1128-1144. |
| Zhmodik, S. M., Nesterenko, G. V., Airiyants, E. V., Belyanin, D. K., Kolpakov, V. V., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Karmanov, N. S. (2016). Alluvial platinum-group minerals as indicators of primary PGE mineralization (placers of southern Siberia). Russian Geology and Geophysics, 57(10), 1437-1464. |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.; Melcher, F., & Lodziak, J. (2007). Platinum-group minerals of concentrates from the Driekop platinum pipe, Eastern Bushveld Complex Tribute to Eugen F. Stumpfl. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie-Abhandlungen: Journal of Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 183(2), 173-195.; Oberthür, T. (2018). The fate of platinum-group minerals in the exogenic environment—From sulfide ores via oxidized ores into placers: Case studies bushveld complex, South Africa, and Great Dyke, Zimbabwe. Minerals, 8(12), 581. |
| Canadian Mineralogist(1977) 15, 389-392; Cabri, L. J., Laflamme, J. G., & Stewart, J. M. (1977). Platinum-group minerals from Onverwacht; II, Platarsite, a new sulfarsenide of platinum. The Canadian Mineralogist, 15(3), 385-388. |
| Hutchinson, D., & Kinnaird, J. A. (2005). Complex multistage genesis for the Ni–Cu–PGE mineralisation in the southern region of the Platreef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Applied Earth Science, 114(4), 208-224. |
Tanzania | |
| Wilhelmij, H.R. and Cabri, L.J. (2016) Platinum mineralization in the Kapalagulu Intrusion, western Tanzania. Mineralium Deposita, 51(3), 343-367. |
UK | |
| Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990 |
| Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990 | |
| Prichard, H. M., & Tarkian, M. (1988). Platinum and palladium minerals from two PGE-rich localities in the Shetland ophiolite complex. The Canadian Mineralogist, 26(4), 979-990. | |
USA | |
| Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990 |
Mount Filipp, Kamchatka Krai, Russia