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Arsenopalladinite

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Arsenopalladinite

Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Arsenopalladinite, etc.

Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Arsenopalladinite

Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Arsenopalladinite, etc.

Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Arsenopalladinite

Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Arsenopalladinite, etc.

Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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About ArsenopalladiniteHide

Formula:
Pd8(As,Sb)3
Colour:
Yellowish, creamy white in reflected light.
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
10.40
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
For its chemical composition
Likely polymorphous with stillwaterite. One of several Pd arsenide minerals, comparable to, e.g., isomertieite, Unnamed (Pd Arsenide).


Classification of ArsenopalladiniteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
2/A.05-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
2.AC.10c

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
A : Alloys
C : Alloys of metalloids with PGE
Dana 8th ed.:
2.16.5.1

2 : SULFIDES
16 : Miscellaneous
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.12.29

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals

Physical Properties of ArsenopalladiniteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Yellowish, creamy white in reflected light.
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=379 - 449 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Malleable
Density:
10.40 g/cm3 (Measured)    11.028 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of ArsenopalladiniteHide

Type:
Anisotropic
Anisotropism:
Strong - red and golden brown to blue-gray - air; khaki-brown to blue gray and bright steel-gray in oil
Reflectivity:
400nmR1=43.9%R2= 44.5%
420nmR1=44.7%R2= 45.8%
440nmR1=45.7%R2= 46.5%
460nmR1=46.8%R2= 47.8%
480nmR1=48.1%R2= 49.4%
500nmR1=49.4%R2= 50.8%
520nmR1=50.8%R2= 52.4%
540nmR1=52.1%R2= 53.9%
560nmR1=53.2%R2= 55.1%
580nmR1=54.4%R2= 56.4%
600nmR1=55.4%R2= 57.3%
620nmR1=56.4%R2= 58.1%
640nmR1=57.0%R2= 58.8%
660nmR1=57.7%R2= 59.2%
680nmR1=58.2%R2= 59.8%
700nmR1=58.8%R2= 60.0%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 60.0%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White, with yellowish creamy tint

Chemical Properties of ArsenopalladiniteHide

Formula:
Pd8(As,Sb)3
IMA Formula:
Pd8As3
Elements listed:
As, Pd - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Cu

Crystallography of ArsenopalladiniteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pedial
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.43 Å, b = 13.95 Å, c = 7.35 Å
α = 92.88°, β = 119.5°, γ = 87.85°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.533 : 1 : 0.527
Unit Cell V:
662.14 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
6
Morphology:
Rounded grains to 1.8 mm

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.34 (60)
2.28 (20)
2.19 (20)
2.13 (100)
1.41 (40)
1.24 (30)
1.21 (30)
Comments:
Itabira, Brazil.

Type Occurrence of ArsenopalladiniteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1934,72, 1977,258; Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada, M34726; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 142504.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
StillwateriteQuartzPalladseiteIsomertieiteHematite
GoldAtheneite

Other Language Names for ArsenopalladiniteHide

Relationship of Arsenopalladinite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Arsenopalladinite Group
Other Members of this group:
StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2Hex.

Common AssociatesHide

Braggite(Pt,Pd,Ni)S
GoldAu
HematiteFe2O3
Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Palladium(Pd,Pt)
PalladseitePd17Se15
QuartzSiO2
SperrylitePtAs2
StillwateritePd8As3
Vysotskite(Pd,Ni)S
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Isomertieite1 photo of Arsenopalladinite associated with Isomertieite on mindat.org.
Gold1 photo of Arsenopalladinite associated with Gold on mindat.org.
Bornite1 photo of Arsenopalladinite associated with Bornite on mindat.org.
Palladinite1 photo of Arsenopalladinite associated with Palladinite on mindat.org.

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

2.AC.05aAtheneitePd2As0.75Hg0.25Hex. 6 m2 : P62m
2.AC.05bVincentitePd3AsTet.
2.AC.10bMertieite-IIPd8Sb2.5As0.5Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
2.AC.10aStillwateritePd8As3Trig.
2.AC.15aIsomertieitePd11Sb2As2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.AC.15bMertieite-IPd11(Sb,As)4Hex.
2.AC.15aMiessiitePd11Te2Se2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.AC.20bPalarstanidePd5(Sn,As)2Hex.
2.AC.20aStibiopalladinitePd5Sb2Hex.
2.AC.20cMenshikovitePd3Ni2As3Hex. 6/m : P63/m
2.AC.25eMajakitePdNiAsHex.
2.AC.25aPalladoarsenidePd2AsMon. 2/m : P2/m
2.AC.25fPalladobismutharsenidePd2(As,Bi)Orth.
2.AC.25cPalladodymite(Pd,Rh)2AsOrth.
2.AC.25bRhodarsenide(Rh,Pd)2AsOrth.
2.AC.25dNaldrettitePd2SbOrth. mm2 : Cmc21
2.AC.30UM1999-02-As:NiRh(Rh,Ni)7As4
2.AC.30PolkanoviteRh12As7Hex.
2.AC.35aGenkinite(Pt,Pd,Rh)4Sb3Tet. 4 2 2
2.AC.35bUngavaitePd4Sb3Tet. 4 2 2 : P41 21 2
2.AC.40PolaritePd(Bi,Pb)Orth. mm2 : Cmc21
2.AC.45cBorishanskiitePd1+x(As,Pb)2 , x = 0-0.2Orth. mm2
2.AC.45aFrooditeα-PdBi2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.AC.45bIridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon.

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

3.12.1Seinäjokite(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)2Orth.
3.12.2LauriteRuS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
3.12.3Ruthenarsenite(Ru,Ni)AsOrth.
3.12.4Anduoite(Ru,Os)As2Orth.
3.12.5Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.
3.12.6Xingzhongite(Pb,Cu,Fe)(Ir,Pt,Rh)2S4Iso.
3.12.7RhodplumsiteRh3Pb2S2Trig.
3.12.8Cuprorhodsite(Cu,Fe)Rh2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
3.12.9KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16Hex. 6/m : P6/m
3.12.10Bowieite(Rh,Ir,Pt)2S3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
3.12.11CherepanoviteRhAsOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.12.12Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3 (2/m 3)
3.12.13Vysotskite(Pd,Ni)STet.
3.12.14Vasilite(Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7
3.12.15PalladseitePd17Se15
3.12.16Oosterboschite(Pd,Cu)7Se5Orth.
3.12.17TelluropalladinitePd9Te4Mon.
3.12.18TemagamitePd3HgTe3Trig. 3m : P3m1
3.12.19SopcheiteAg4Pd3Te4Orth.
3.12.20MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 2 3 : P21 3
3.12.21KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)Hex.
3.12.22Telargpalite(Pd,Ag)3(Te,Bi)Iso.
3.12.23Merenskyite(Pd,Pt)(Te,Bi)2Trig. 3m : P3m1
3.12.24PalladoarsenidePd2AsMon. 2/m : P2/m
3.12.25StillwateritePd8As3Trig.
3.12.26AtheneitePd2As0.75Hg0.25Hex. 6 m2 : P62m
3.12.27MajakitePdNiAsHex.
3.12.28PalarstanidePd5(Sn,As)2Hex.
3.12.30VincentitePd3AsTet.
3.12.31PalladobismutharsenidePd2(As,Bi)Orth.
3.12.32StibiopalladinitePd5Sb2Hex.
3.12.33Hexatestibiopanickelite(Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te)Hex.
3.12.34Sudburyite(Pd,Ni)SbHex.
3.12.35TestibiopalladitePdTe(Sb,Te)Iso.
3.12.36BorovskitePd3SbTe4Iso.
3.12.37IsomertieitePd11Sb2As2Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
3.12.38Mertieite-IPd11(Sb,As)4Hex.
3.12.39Mertieite-IIPd8Sb2.5As0.5Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
3.12.40SobolevskitePd(Bi,Te)Hex.
3.12.41Frooditeα-PdBi2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
3.12.42PolaritePd(Bi,Pb)Orth. mm2 : Cmc21
3.12.43UrvantsevitePd(Bi,Pb)2Tet.
3.12.44CooperitePtSTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mmc
3.12.45Braggite(Pt,Pd,Ni)STet.
3.12.46Kharaelakhite(Cu,Pt,Pb,Fe,Ni)9S8Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm
3.12.47MalaniteCu(Pt3+,Ir3+)2S4Iso.
3.12.48Moncheite(Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi)2Trig.
3.12.49MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 2 3 : P21 3
3.12.50SperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
3.12.51PlatarsitePtAsSIso.
3.12.52GeversitePtSb2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
3.12.53DaomaniteCuPtAsS2Orth.
3.12.54Genkinite(Pt,Pd,Rh)4Sb3Tet. 4 2 2
3.12.55StumpflitePt(Sb,Bi)Hex.
3.12.56InsizwaitePt(Bi,Sb)2
3.12.57ErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
3.12.58Omeiite(Os,Ru)As2Orth.
3.12.59Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
3.12.60Kashinite(Ir,Rh)2S3Orth.
3.12.61InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16Hex.
3.12.62Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
3.12.63Iridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon.
3.12.64Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso.
3.12.65TolovkiteIrSbSIso.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
Palladium ore

References for ArsenopalladiniteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Fleischer, M. (1974) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 59: 1330-1332.
Clark, A.M., Criddle, A.J., Fejer, E.E. (1974) Palladium arsenide–antimonides from Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Magazine: 39: 528-543.
Fleischer, M., Mandarino, J.A., Chao, G.Y. (1979) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 64: 652-659.
Cabri, L.J., Clark, A.M., Chen, T.T. (1977) Arsenopalladinite from Itabira, Brazil, and from the Stillwater Complex, Montana. The Canadian Mineralogist: 15: 70-73.
Olivo, G.R., Gauthier, M. (1995) Palladium Minerals from the Cauê Iron Mine, Itabira District, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Magazine: 59: 455-463.

Internet Links for ArsenopalladiniteHide

Localities for ArsenopalladiniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Brazil (TL)
 
  • Minas Gerais
Canadian Mineralogist: 15: 70-73; Chem. Index of Minerals (1955) p. 23 and 339; Mineralogical Magazine(1974): 39, 528-543
Canadian Mineralogist 34:547-557
Canada
 
  • Ontario
    • Kenora District
      • Ring of Fire
        • BMA527861 Area
N Farhangi,CM Lesher,and MG Houlé
    • Thunder Bay District
      • Coldwell complex
Mcdonald, A.M., Cabri, L.J., Stanley, C.J., Good, D.J., Redpath, J., Lane, G., Spratt, J. & Ames, D.E. (2015) Coldwellite, Pd3Ag2S, a new mineral species from the Marathon deposit, Coldwell complex, Ontario, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist 53, 1-13.
      • Seeley Lake Area
EcoMetrix Reort for Stillwater Canada Inc, Marathon Project (2012) Table 4.1-3
China
 
  • Yunnan
    • Dali
      • Midu Co.
Huanbin Song, Mingqin He, Shangzhong Zhang, and Fenghuang Yi (2008): Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 27, 104-108.
Finland
 
Törnroos Ragnar, Johanson Bo, Kojonen Kari, 1998. Alluvial nuggets of platinum group minerals and alloys from Finnish Lapland. Geological survey of Finland, Special Paper
    • Inari
      • Ivalojoki
Kari Kojonen (2012) PGE ore potential in the southwestern granulite belt of Northern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 207 pp 64-67
      • Lemmenjoki
33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Pt-Pd selenides from river placers, northern Finland; Kari Kojonen (2012) PGE ore potential in the southwestern granulite belt of Northern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Report of Investigation 207 pp 64-67
    • Portimo complex
Econ Geol (1986) 81:1236-1241
Handbook of Mineralogy
    • Rovaniemi
Guice, G. L., Törmänen, T., Karykowski, B. T., Johanson, B., & Lahaye, Y. (2017). Precious metal mineralisation in the Sotkavaara Intrusion, northern Finland: Peak Pt, Pd, Au and Cu offsets in a small intrusion with poorly-developed magmatic layering. Ore Geology Reviews, 89, 701-718.
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Ain
      • Lescheroux
Lorand, J.-P., Ducluzaux, B., & Pont, S. (2018). Une nouvelle découverte de pépites de minéraux du groupe du platine (platine, osmium, iridium) en France : les cailloutis et alluvions de la Reyssouze (Ain). Le Règne Minéral 143, 5-16.
India
 
  • Karnataka
    • Shimoga schist belt
Devaraju, T. C., Alapieti, T. T., & Kaukonen, R. J. (2005). SEM-EDS Study of the Platinum-Group Minerals in the PGE Mineralized Hanumalapura Segment of the Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Complex of Channagifu, Davangere District, Karnataka. Geological Society of India, 65(6), 745-752.
Japan
 
  • Hokkaidō
    • Kamikawa Province
The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
Norway
 
  • Finnmark
    • Porsanger
Nilsson, L. P. & Larsen, R. B. (1998): Edle mineraler i mafiske og ultramafiske bergarter- en oppsummering av platina-gruppe mineraler (PGM) funnet i Norge i de senere år. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 14: 40-49
Russia
 
  • Khabarovsk Krai
    • Ayan-Maya district
      • Aldan shield
Lennikov, A. M., Zalishak, B. L., & Oktyabrsky, R. A. (2004). The Konder massif of ultramafic and alkaline rocks and related PGM mineralization. In Interim IAGOD Conf. Excursion Guidebook. Vladivostok: Dalnauka (p. 29).
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
      • Taimyr Peninsula
        • Putoran Plateau
  • Murmansk Oblast
    • Monche-Tundra
      • Monchegorsk
33 IGC excursion No 48, August 15 – 21, 2008
Chashchin, V. V., & Petrov, S. V. (2013). Low-sulfide PGE ore in the Volchetundra gabbro-anorthosite pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 55(5), 357-382.
Chashchin, V. V., & Petrov, S. V. (2013). Low-sulfide PGE ore in the Volchetundra gabbro-anorthosite pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Geology of Ore Deposits, 55(5), 357-382.
  • Republic of Karelia
(2014) 12th International Platinum Symposium p63
South Africa
 
Minerals of South Africa
  • Limpopo
    • Phalaborwa
      • Loolekop
Nikolay Rudashevsky et al (2001) Efficient Technology of Ore Minerals Investigation of PGE-Bearing Deposits – Case Study in (2001) European Union of Geosciences Conference XI (OS6)
  • North West
    • Bojanala Platinum District
Handbook of Mineralogy
USA
 
  • Montana
    • Stillwater Co.
      • Nye
Canadian Mineralogist (1977): 15: 70-73.; Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
          • J-M Reef (Howland Reef)
www.cannonmicroprobe.com/Mineral_Specimens.htm
Gobla, M.J. (2012) Montana mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #3, 208-240.
  • Pennsylvania
    • Chester Co.
      • State Line Chromite District
Smith, II, R. C. and Barnes, J. H. (2011)
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