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Tantalite-(Mn)

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Big Photo

Alto do Giz pegmatite, Equador, Borborema mineral province, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
© Peter Kohorst

Show Tantalite-(Mn) Photos (132)



Formula:
MnTa
 
2
O
 
6
System:OrthorhombicColour:Pink to nearly ...
Hardness:6
Member of:Columbite Group
Name:From the manganese content and for the Greek mythical figure Tantalus - for its difficulty in dissolving.


Tantalite-(Fe)-Tantalite-(Mn) Series.

Formerly known as manganotantalite.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Tantalite-(Mn). Currently in public beta-test.

Classification of Tantalite-(Mn)

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/D.18-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.DB.35

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th edition ID:8.3.2.3

8 : MULTIPLE OXIDES CONTAINING NIOBIUM,TANTALUM OR TITANIUM
3 : AB2O6
Hey's CIM Ref.:18.1.36

18 : Niobates and Tantalates
1 : Niobates and tantalates containing neither rare earths nor U
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Type Occurrence of Tantalite-(Mn)

Type Locality:Utö Mines, Utö, Södermanland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1887

Occurrences of Tantalite-(Mn)

Geological Setting:Accessory mineral in granitic pegmatites.

Physical Properties of Tantalite-(Mn)

Lustre:Vitreous, Sub-Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Pink to nearly colourless, reddish brown to black
Streak:Red, scarlet to black
Hardness (Mohs):6
Hardness (Vickers):VHN100=488 - 681 kg/mm2
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
Distinct on {100}
Less distinct {010}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):6.65 - 8 g/cm3
Density (calculated):8.01 g/cm3

Crystallography of Tantalite-(Mn)

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Pbcn {P21/b 2/c 21/n}
Cell Parameters:a = 14.44Å, b = 5.7661(8) Å, c = 5.093Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.504 : 1 : 0.883
Unit Cell Volume:V 424.06 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Short prismatic to tabular
Twinning:On {021} {023}
Pseudohexagonal trillings
Comment:On synthetic material
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Tantalite-(Mn)

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 2.140 nβ = 2.150 nγ = 2.340
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.200

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r < v strong
Pleochroism:Strong
Comments:Red, red-brown, orange

Chemical Properties of Tantalite-(Mn)

Formula:
MnTa
 
2
O
 
6
Essential elements:Mn, O, Ta
All elements listed in formula:Mn, O, Ta
Common Impurities:Fe,Nb

Relationship of Tantalite-(Mn) to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Tantalite-(Fe) (see here)
Member of:Columbite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Columbite-(Fe)
FeNb
 
2
O
 
6
Columbite-(Mg)
(Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
Columbite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
Qitianlingite
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
(Nb,Ta)
 
2
WO
 
10
Tantalite-(Fe)
FeTa
 
2
O
 
6
Tantalite-(Mg)
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.DB.05Argutite
GeO
 
2
4.DB.05Cassiterite
SnO
 
2
4.DB.05Plattnerite
PbO
 
2
4.DB.05Pyrolusite
MnO
 
2
4.DB.05Rutile
TiO
 
2
4.DB.05Tripuhyite
Fe
3+
 
Sb
5+
 
O
 
4
4.DB.05Tugarinovite
MoO
 
2
4.DB.05Varlamoffite
(Sn,Fe)(O,OH)
 
2
4.DB.10Byströmite
MgSb
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.10Tapiolite-(Fe)
(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.10Tapiolite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.10Ordoñezite
ZnSb
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.15bAkhtenskite
ε-Mn
4+
 
O
 
2
4.DB.15cNsutite
(Mn
4+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)(O,OH)
 
2
4.DB.15aParamontroseite
V
4+
 
O
 
2
4.DB.15aRamsdellite
Mn
4+
 
O
 
2
4.DB.20Scrutinyite
alpha-PbO
 
2
4.DB.25Ishikawaite
U
4+
 
Fe
2+
 
Nb
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.25Ixiolite
(Ta,Nb,Sn,Fe,Mn)
 
4
O
 
8
4.DB.25Samarskite-(Y)
(Y,Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,U,Th,Ca)
 
2
(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.25Srilankite
ZrTi
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.25Yttrocolumbite-(Y)
Y(U
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)Nb
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.25Calciosamarskite
(Ca,Fe
3+
 
,Y)
 
2
(Nb,Ta,Ti)
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.25Samarskite-(Yb)
(Yb,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.30Ferberite
FeWO
 
4
4.DB.30Hübnerite
MnWO
 
4
4.DB.30Sanmartinite
(Zn,Fe)WO
 
4
4.DB.30Krasnoselskite
CoWO
 
4
4.DB.30Heftetjernite
ScTaO
 
4
4.DB.30Huanzalaite
MgWO
 
4
4.DB.35Columbite-(Fe)
FeNb
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.35Tantalite-(Fe)
FeTa
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.35Columbite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.35Columbite-(Mg)
(Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.35Qitianlingite
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
(Nb,Ta)
 
2
WO
 
10
4.DB.35Magnocolumbite
4.DB.35Tantalite-(Mg)
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
4.DB.40Ferrowodginite
FeSnTa
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.40Lithiotantite
Li(Ta,Nb)
 
3
O
 
8
4.DB.40Lithiowodginite
LiTa
 
3
O
 
8
4.DB.40Titanowodginite
MnTiTa
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.40Wodginite
Mn(Sn,Ta)Ta
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.40Ferrotitanowodginite
Fe
2+
 
TiTa
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.40Wolframowodginite
Mn(Mn,Sn,Fe,Ta)(W,Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
8
4.DB.45Tivanite
V
3+
 
TiO
 
3
(OH)
4.DB.50Carmichaelite
(Ti,Cr,Fe)[O
 
2-x
(OH)
 
x
]
4.DB.55Alumotantite
AlTaO
 
4
4.DB.60Biehlite
((Sb,As)O)
 
2
[MoO
 
4
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
18.1.1Lithiotantite
Li(Ta,Nb)
 
3
O
 
8
18.1.2Lueshite
NaNbO
 
3
18.1.3Natroniobite
NaNbO
 
3
18.1.4Franconite
Na
 
2
Nb
 
4
O
 
11
 · 9H
 
2
O
18.1.5Natrotantite
Na
 
2
Ta
 
4
O
 
11
18.1.6Irtyshite
Na
 
2
(Ta,Nb)
 
4
O
 
11
18.1.7Rankamaite
(Na,K)
 
3
(Ta,Nb,Al)
 
11
(O,OH)
 
31
18.1.8Hydropyrochlore
(H
 
2
O,□)
 
2
Nb
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
(H
 
2
O)
18.1.9Calciotantite
CaTa
 
4
O
 
11
18.1.10Rynersonite
Ca(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.11Microlite Group
18.1.12Belyankinite
Ca
 
1-2
(Ti,Nb)
 
5
O
 
12
 · 9H
 
2
O (?)
18.1.13Latrappite
(Ca,Na)(Nb,Ti,Fe)O
 
3
18.1.14Hochelagaite
(Ca,Na,Sr)(Nb,Ti,Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
11
 · 8H
 
2
O
18.1.15Bariomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)
18.1.16Parabariomicrolite
BaTa
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
18.1.17Bariopyrochlore (of Hogarth 1977)
18.1.18Alumotantite
AlTaO
 
4
18.1.19Simpsonite
Al
 
4
(Ta,Nb)
 
3
O
 
13
(OH,F)
18.1.20Sosedkoite
(K,Na)
 
5
Al
 
2
(Ta,Nb)
 
22
O
 
60
18.1.21Thoreaulite
(Sn
2+
 
,Pb)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.22Stannomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)
18.1.23Foordite
(Sn,Pb)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.24Changbaiite
PbNb
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.25Plumbopyrochlore (of Skorobogatova et al.)
18.1.26Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)
18.1.27Stibiocolumbite
Sb(Nb,Ta)O
 
4
18.1.28Stibiotantalite
Sb(Ta,Nb)O
 
4
18.1.29Natrobistantite
18.1.30Cesplumtantite
(Cs,Na)
 
2
(Pb,Sb
3+
 
)
 
3
Ta
 
8
O
 
24
18.1.31Stibiomicrolite (of Groat et al.)
18.1.32Cesstibtantite
18.1.34Bismutotantalite
Bi(Ta,Nb)O
 
4
18.1.35Bismutomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)
18.1.37Gerasimovskite
(Mn,Ca)(Nb,Ti)
 
5
O
 
12
 · 9H
 
2
O
18.1.38Tapiolite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.39Columbite-(Mn)
(Mn,Fe)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.40Wodginite
Mn(Sn,Ta)Ta
 
2
O
 
8
18.1.41Ixiolite
(Ta,Nb,Sn,Fe,Mn)
 
4
O
 
8
18.1.42Columbite-(Fe)
FeNb
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.43Tantalite-(Fe)
FeTa
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.44Columbite
(Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.45Tantalite
(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.46Tapiolite
(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.47Tapiolite-(Fe)
(Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.48Columbite-(Mg)
(Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)
 
2
O
 
6
18.1.50Strüverite
(Ti,Ta,Fe)O
 
2
18.1.51 Staringite
(Fe,Mn)
 
x
(Ta,Nb)
 
2x
Sn
 
6-3x
O
 
12

Other Names for Tantalite-(Mn)

Synonyms:
AlvaroliteManganotantaliteMangantantalite
Other Languages:
German:Alvarolit
Manganotantalit
Russian:Мангантанталит
Simplified Chinese:钽锰矿
Spanish:Alvarolita
Manganotantalita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Tantalite-(Mn)

Reference List:

- +
Arzruni (1887), Russ. Ges. Min., Vh.: 23: 181.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 780.

Grice, J. D., Ferguson, R. B., Hawthorne, F. C. (1976): The crystal structures of tantalite, ixiolite and wodginite from Bernic Lake, Manitoba. I. Tantalite and ixiolite. Canadian Mineralogist 14, 540-549. [in fact structure of manganotantalite]

American Mineralogist (1988): 73: 666-667.

American Mineralogist (1995): 80: 613-619.

Internet Links for Tantalite-(Mn)

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    • Localities for Tantalite-(Mn)

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    various photographs
      • Chapa Dara District
    		Jesse Fisher specimen
    • Nuristan Province (Nurestan Province; Nooristan Province; Nuristan)
      • Du Ab District
        • Nilaw-Kolum pegmatite field
    		Peters, S.G., Ludington, S.D., Orris, G.J., Sutphin, D.M., and Bliss, J.D., eds. (2007): USGS Open–File Report 07-1214
      • Kamdesh District
    		Lyckberg, P. (2011): Edelstein-Pegmatite in Afghanistan: Paprok. Mineralien-Welt. 22 (3): 46-57
      • Nuristan District
    		Bariand, P. and Poullen, J.F. (1978). Famous mineral localities: The pegmatites of Laghman - Nuristan - Afghanistan. Mineralogical Record. 9: 301-308.
    Algeria
     
    • Tamanghasset Province
      • Ahaggar Mtn (Hoggar Mtn)
        • Laouni
    Argentina
     
    • Salta
      • Nevados de Palermo
        • El Quemado District
    		Galliski et al. (2001) Bismutotantalite from northwestern Argentina: description and crystal structure. Can. Min. Vol. 39, pp. 103-110.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Umberatana
    		mentioned references in description
    • Victoria
      • East Gippsland Shire
        • Omeo
          • Mt Wills Mining District
            • Glen Wills
    		Personally collected by Ryan Eagle in 2009
    • Western Australia
      • Coolgardie Shire
        • Nepean
    		M. Jacobson, M. Calderwood, B. Grguric; Pegmatites of Western Australia; (Perth 2007)
        • Spargoville
    		Pegmatites of Western Australia; M Jacobson, M Calderwood, B Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007
      • Port Hedland Shire
        • Wallareenya Station
    		Pegmatites of Western Australia; Mark I Jacobson, Mark A Calderwood, Benjamin A Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007
    AmMin 13:457
      • Ravensthorpe Shire
    		M. Jacobson, M Calderwood, B Grguric; Pegmatites of Western Australia; (Perth 2007)
    M. Jacobson, M. Calderwood, B Grguric; Pegmatites of Western Australia; (Perth 2007)
      • Upper Gascoyne Shire
        • Yinnietharra (Yinnietharra Station)
    		Pegmatites of Western Australia; M.I. Jacobson, M.A. Calderwood, B.A. Grguric' Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007
      • Yilgarn shire
    		M. Jacobson, M. Calderwood, B. Grguric; Pegmatites of Western Australia; (Perth 2007) and conversations between writer (Kim Macdonald) and owner of lease Fred Rose in 2012.
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Doce valley
    		Richard Dale collection
        • Governador Valadares
    		Min Rec 36:3 pp292-293
    • Paraíba
      • Borborema mineral province
        • Frei Martinho
          • Quixaba
    		Witzke, T., Steins, M., Doering, T., Schuckmann, W., Wegner, R., Pöllmann, H. (2011): Fluornatromicrolite, (Na,Ca,Bi)2Ta2O6F, a new mineral from Quixaba, Paraíba, Brazil. Canadian Mineralogist, 49, 1105-1110
        • Junco do Seridó
    		Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.
        • Pedra Lavrada
    		Am Min (1955) 40:55-63
        • Picuí
    		Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.; Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.
    • Rio Grande do Norte
      • Borborema mineral province
        • Equador
    [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]; http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/parabariomicrolite.pdf.; Canadian Mineralogist (1986): 24: 655-663.
    Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.
    Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.
        • Parelhas
    		Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.
    Beurlen, H., Da Silva, M.R.R., Thomas, R., Soares, D.R., and Olivier, P. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 207-228.
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Bird River Greenstone Belt
    		M. Masau, P. Cerny, M.A. Cooper, R. Chapman & J. Grice (2002) Can. Mineral. 40, 1649-1655; Morgan Masau, Petr Cerny and Ron Chapman (2000) Exsolution of zirconian-hafnian wodginite from manganoan-tantalian cassiterite, Annie Claim #3 granitic pegmatite, southeastern Manitoba, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist, 38:685-694.
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:658-675
    American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 439–450, 2009
    CAMACHO, A., BAADSGAARD, H., DAVIS, D.W., ČERNY, P. (2012) Radiogenic isotope systematics of the Tanco and Siverleaf granitic pegmatites; Winnipeg River pegmatite district, Manitoba, Canadian Mineralogist 50, 1775-1792.
      • Red Cross Lake
    		Xianjue Wang, Xiaolin Xiong, and Cerny, P. (2002): Geochimica 5, 481-486; Černý, O., Teertstra, D.K., Chapman, R., Selway, J.B., Hawthorne, F.C., Ferreira, K., Chackowsky, L.E., Wang, X.J. & and Meintzer, R.E. (2012)
    • Ontario
      • Kenora District
        • Fort Hope
          • Lilypad Lakes pegmatites
    		J.C. Pedersen (2000) Report on 2000 Winter Diamond Drill Program Lilypad Lakes Tantalum - Cesium Property. Assessment File
    J.C. Pedersen (2000) Report on 2000 Winter Diamond Drill Program Lilypad Lakes Tantalum - Cesium Property. Assessment File
        • Ignace
        • Pickle Lake
    		Taylor, R.P., and Henham, R. (2001): Exploration and Mining Geology 10(1/2), 85-93.
        • Red Lake
    		Andrew G. Tindle, Fred W. Breaks and Julie B. Selway (2002) Tourmaline in petalite-subtype granitic pegmatites; evidence of fractionation and contamination from the Paleagama Lake and Separation Lake areas of northwestern Ontario, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist 40:753-78
    Can. Min. 36, 609; Tindle, A.G., Breaks, F.W., and Selway, J.B. (2002) Tourmaline in petalite-subtype gramitic pegmatites: evidence of fractionation and contamination from Pakeagama Lake and Separation Lake areas of northwestern Ontario, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist, 40, 753-788.
    Tindle, A.G. & Breaks, F.W. (1998) Oxide minerals of the Separation Rapids rare-element granitic pegmatite group, northwestern Ontario. Canadian Mineralogist, 36, 609-635. Tindle, A.G., Breaks, F.W. and Webb, P.C. (1998) Wodginite-group minerals from the Separation Rapids Rare-Element Granitic Pegmatite Group, northwestern Ontario. Canadian Mineralogist, 36, 637-658. ontariominerals.com
      • Root Lake pegmatite group
    		Tindle, A. G., Selway, J. B. & Breaks, F. W. (2005): Liddicoatite and associated species from the McCombe spodumene-subtype rare-element granitic pegmatite, northwestern Ontario, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist 43, 769-793.
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Nanping Prefecture
        • Yanping District
          • Nanping pegmatite field
    		Can Rao, Rucheng Wang, Huan Hu, and Wenlan Zhan (2009): Canadian Mineralogist 47(5), 1195-1212.
    • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
      • Guilin Prefecture
        • Gongcheng Co.
          • Limu Ta-Sn ore field
    		Jinchu Zhu, Renke Li, Fuchun Li, Xiaolin Xiong, Fengying Zhou, and Xiaolong Huang (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36(5), 393-405.
    Jinchu Zhu, Renke Li, Fuchun Li, Xiaolin Xiong, Fengying Zhou, and Xiaolong Huang (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36(5), 393-405.
    Jinchu Zhu, Renke Li, Fuchun Li, Xiaolin Xiong, Fengying Zhou, and Xiaolong Huang (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36(5), 393-405.; Pengfei Zhou, Dongsheng Ma, Yang Cai, Haifeng Ding, and Chunyan Yao (2009): Geological Journal of China Universities 15(3), 417-428
        • Quanzhou Co.
    		Renke Li and Xuming Zhang (1995): Geology and Prospecting 31(6), 15-22
    • Henan Province
      • Sanmenxia Prefecture
        • Lushi Co.
          • Guanpo
    		Ruiling He and Enkui Cao (1985): Geology of Shaanxi 3(2), 39-46.
    • Hunan Province
      • Yueyang Prefecture
        • Pingjiang Co.
    		Zhijun Shen, Linglin Xie, and Zhengyu Quan (2003): Hunan Geology 22(1), 30-33, 63
    • Jiangsu Province
      • Suzhou Prefecture
        • Huqiu District
    		Jianping He (2006): Jiangsu Geology 30(3), 183-186
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Ji'an Prefecture
        • Suichuan Co.
    		Yunhuai Lin and Shiyang Chen (1985): Geology and Prospecting 21(3), 23-31
      • Pingxiang Prefecture
        • Anyuan District
    		Scovil, J.A. (2005): Rocks & Minerals 80(1), 12-22.
      • Yichun Prefecture
        • Yuanzhou District
          • Yichun complex (Yashan batholith)
    		Desong Lin (1993): Mineral Resources and Geology 7(4), 262-266; Xiaolong Huang, Rucheng Wang, Xiaoming Chen, Huan Hu, and Changshi Liu (2002): Canadian Mineralogist 40(4), 1047-1068
    • Xinjiang Autonomous Region
      • Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture)
        • Aletai Prefecture (Altay Prefecture)
          • Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)
            • Koktokay pegmatite field (Keketuohai pegmatite field)
              • Altay Mine
    		Zhang et al. 2004, Min. Mag. Vol 68, pp. 739-756.
    Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
          • Qinghe Co. (Qinggil Co.; Chinggil Co.)
    		Ma Zhesheng, Shi Nicheng, and Ye Danian (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(5), 635-646.
    • Yunnan Province
      • Pu'er Prefecture
    		[MinRec 32:487]
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
        • Šumperk (Mährisch Schönberg)
          • Maršíkov (Marchendorf)
    		Novák, M.: Maršíkov - Schinderhübel. In Exkurzní průvodce po mineralogických lokalitách na Sobotínsku. Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, 2002, Olomouc, s. 34-37.
    Novák, M.: Maršíkov - Scheibengraben. In Exkurzní průvodce po mineralogických lokalitách na Sobotínsku. Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, 2002, Olomouc, s. 38-41.
      • Vysočina Region
        • Hrotovice
          • Biskupice
    		Čech, F.: O minerálu ze skupiny rutilu z lithného pegmatitu z Biskupic u Hrotovic. Časopis Moravského musea v Brně, Vědy přírodní, 1958, roč. 43, s. 55-58.
        • Velké Meziříčí
    		Novák, M., Staněk, J.: Lepidolitový pegmatit od Dobré Vody u Velkého Meziříčí, západní Morava. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 1999, roč. 84, s. 3 - 44.
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
    		Novák, M., Houzar, S., Pfeiferová, A.: Přehled mineralogie, petrografie a historie klasické lokality lepidolitového pegmatitu v Rožné u Bystřice nad Pernštejnem, západní Morava. Acta Musei Moraviae, Sci. geol., 83:3-48.
    P. Pauliš (2001): Nejzajímavější naleziště Moravy a Slezska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora.
    Černý P.: Příspěvek k mineralogii některých západomoravských pegmatitů. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 1967, 12, 4, 461-464.
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Nord-Kivu
      • Masisi Mts
    		V.D.C. Daltry (1992) The Type Mineralogy Of Africa : Zaire pp 33-62
    Roy Kristiansen specimen
    Egypt
     
    • Red Sea Governorate
      • Eastern Desert
        • Marsa Alam
    		Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.
    Helba, H., Trumbull, R.B., Morteani, G., Khalil, S.O., and Arslan, A. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 164-179.
    Ethiopia
     
    • Sidamo-Borana Province
      • Kenticha pegmatite field
    		Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.; A Geological Excursion To The Mesozoic Sediments Of The Abay Basin ( Blue Nile), Recent Volcanics Of The Ethiopian Main Rift And Basement Rocks Of The Adola Rea, Ethiopia. Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. 147 (2002)
    Finland
     
    • Southern Finland Region
    		Ilkka Mikkola collection
    • Western and Inner Finland Region
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    		Lahti, S. (2000): Compositional variation in columbite group minerals from different types of granitic pegmatites of the Eräjärvi district,South Finland. Journal of the Czech Geological Society. 45 (1-2),107-118
    Lahti, S. (2000): Compositional variation in columbite group minerals from different types of granitic pegmatites of the Eräjärvi district,South Finland. Journal of the Czech Geological Society. 45 (1-2),107-118
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Allier
        • Ébreuil
          • Échassières
    		U. Kolitsch & F. Brandstätter (to be published)
    Italy
     
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Elba Island
          • Campo nell'Elba
    		Mineralogical Record, 16 (5), 353-363.
    C. Aurisicchio, C. De Vito, V. Ferrini, P. Orlandi (2002) - Nb and Ta oxide minerals in the Fonte Del Prete granitic-pegmatite dike, island of Elba, Italy - Canad. Min., 40: 799-814.
    Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
     
    • Haut-Sassandra region
      • Issia department
        • Issia
    		Allou, B. A.(2006), Expl. & Mining geology 14, 1-4, 61-77
    Allou, B.A. (2006), Expl & Mining Geology 14, 1-4, 61-77
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Hitachiohta City
    		Sakurai et al (1977) Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi, 72, 13-27
    • Kyushu Region
      • Fukuoka Prefecture
    		www.petrovrareminerals.com/articles02.html
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Eastern Kazakhstan Province (Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy; Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast')
      • Kalba Range
        • Irtysh River
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Madagascar
     
    • Antananarivo Province
      • Vakinankaratra Region
        • Betafo District
          • Andrembesoa Commune
            • FKT Antsentsindrano
    		Demartin, F. et al (2001): Schiavinatoite,(Nb,Ta)BO4, the Nb analogue of behierite. European Journal of Mineralogy 13, 159-165
        • Sahatany Pegmatite Field (Mt Ibity area)
          • Sahatany Valley
    		Larsen, K. E. (2003): Mineralene i Sahatany pegmatittfelt, Madagaskar. Bergverksmuseets skrifter 25, 5-18 (in norwegian)
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Matsiatra Region
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ikalamavony District
            • Fitampito Commune
              • Andanoa
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Mongolia
     
    • Dornogovi Aimag
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Mozambique
    Martins da Pedra photo and specimen.
    • Zambezia Province
      • Alto Ligonha District
    		Martins da Pedra; Schappmann, J. (2005): Die gruben Morrua, Marropino und Maria III in der Pegmatitregion Alto Ligonha im Norden von Mozambique. Mineralien-Welt 16 (2): 34-46
    Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497.
    Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 458-466
    Schappmann, J. (2005): Die gruben Morrua, Marropino und Maria III in der Pegmatitregion Alto Ligonha im Norden von Mozambique. Mineralien-Welt 16 (2): 34-46
    Johan Kjellman collection
    J.C. Goni, C. Guillemin : "Etude de la paragenèse de quelques minéraux des pegmatites d'Alto Ligonha (Mozambique)", Bull. Soc. Franç. Minér. Crist. , 1964, 553-556
    Namibia
     
    • Karas Region
      • Karasburg District
        • Tantalite Valley
    		Baldwin, J. R. (1989): Replacement phenomena in tantalum minerals from rare-metal pegmatites in South Africa and Namibia. Mineral. Mag. 53, 571-581. [http://www.minersoc.org/pages/Archive-MM/Volume_53/53-373-571.pdf]
    Nigeria
     
    • Nassarawa (Nasarawa) State
    		Knut Edvard Larsen collection (# 1438, from old collection)
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Birkenes
        • Vegusdal
          • Katterås
    		Frigstad (1968, p. 136); Neumann (1985) : Norges mineraler. Norges geologiske undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p. 78
      • Iveland
        • Birkeland
    		Frigstad, O.F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo p. 136 ; Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. Skrifter 68, p. 78
    Frigstad, O.F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo p. 136 , p. 136; Neumann (1985) : Norges mineraler. Norges geologiske undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p. 78
        • Frikstad
    		Frigstad, O. F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo; p 136; Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p. 78
    Selbekk, R.S., Berg, H.-J.,Folvik, H. & Ellingsen, H.V. (2008): Mineraler i columbitt-tantalittgruppen fra Norge. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 38, 33-36.
          • Rostadheia
    		Frigstad, O. F. (1968): En undersøkelse av cleavelandittsonerte pegmatittganger i Iveland-Evje, Nedre Setesdal. Hovedfagsoppgave (Thesis), University of Oslo, p. 136
    • Nordland
      • Sørfold
    		Ellingsen, H.V., Haugen, A., Raade, G., Eldjarn, K. & Berg, H.-J., (1995): Sjeldne mineraler i en amazonittpegmatitt ved Tennvatn i Nordland. Norsk Bergverksmuseums Skriftserie 9, 35-37; Husdal, T. (2008): The minerals of the pegmatites within the Tysfjord granite, northern Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseet Skrift 38, 5-28.
      • Tysfjord
        • Drag
    		Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p. 78 (Pers com. G. Raade 1972)
    • Østfold
      • Råde
    		Selbekk, R.S., Berg, H.-J.,Folvik, H. & Ellingsen, H.V. (2008): Mineraler i columbitt-tantalittgruppen fra Norge. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 38, 33-36.
    • Vest-Agder
      • Kristiansand
    		Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68, p.78
    Pakistan
     
    • Gilgit-Baltistan (Northern Areas)
      • Astor District (Astore District)
        • Astor valley (Astore valley)
    		TVM Specimen
      • Baltistan
        • Skardu District
          • Braldu Valley
    		Blauwet, D., et al, 2004, Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains and Majesty. Lapis International, 96p.
          • Haramosh Mts.
    		Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut)
          • Shigar Valley
    		Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut); Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut)
    Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut)
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Dzierżoniów District
        • Piława Górna
    		PIECZKA et al. 2010: Nb-Ta minerals in pegmatites in the DSS mine at Piława Górna, Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland. Mineralogia - Special Papers, 37.
      • Ząbkowice District
        • Ząbkowice (Frankenstein)
          • Szklary (Gläsendorf)
    		Geologia Sudetica, 33 (1): 23-31. ; Pieczka, A.; Grew, E.S.; Groat, L.A.; Evans, R.J. (2011): Holtite and dumortierite from the Szklary Pegmatite, Lower Silesia, Poland. Mineralogical Magazine 75, 303-315.
    Portugal
     
    • Guarda District
      • Guarda
        • Vela
    		Pedro Alves collection;
    Pedro Alves collection. Characterized by p-XRD and EDS
    • Vila Real District
    		Martins, T., Lima, A., Simmons, W.B. Falster, A.U. & Noronha, F. (2011): Geochemical fractionation of Nb-Ta oxides in Li-bearing pegmatites from the Barroso-Alvão pegmatite field, Northern Portugal. Canadian Mineralogist. 49, 777-791
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Voron'i Tundry
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Sverdlovskaya Oblast'
          • Rezh District
            • Lipovka pegmatite field
    		Lapis 28(10), 60 (2003)
          • Yuzhakovo Village
            • Alabashka pegmatite field
    		http://webcenter.ru/~minbooks/murz_kaz.html
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Plast
            • Kochkar' District
              • Svetlyi
    		Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2009
    Rwanda
     
    • Western Province
      • Gatumba District
    		Bertossa, A., 1967. Inventaire des minéraux du Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 4, 25-45.; Daltry, V.D.C. and O. von Knorring (1998) Type-Mineralogy of Rwanda with Particular Reference to the Buranga Pegmatite. Geologica Belgica 1:1-9
    Slovakia
     
    • Bratislava Region
      • Bratislava Co.
        • Bratislava
          • Devín
    		Chudík P., Uher P., Gadas P., Škoda R., Pršek J., 2011: Niobium-tantalum oxide minerals in the Jezuitské Lesy granitic pegmatite, Bratislava Massif, Slovakia: To to Nb and Fe to Mn evolutionary trends in narrow Be, Cs-rich and Li, B-poor dike. Mineralogy and Petrology, 101, Special Issue: Accessory Minerals.
      • Pezinok Co.
        • Pezinok
          • Slnečné Valley
    		Uher P., Žitňan P., Ozdín D., 2007: Pegmatitic Nb-Ta oxide minerals in alluvial placers from Limbach, Bratislava Massif, Western Carpathians, Slovakia: compositional variations and evolutionary trend. Journal of Geosciences, 52, 1-2, 133-141.
    • Košice Region
      • Rožňava Co.
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
      • Spišská Nová Ves Co.
        • Hnilec
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    • Trnava Region
      • Piešťany Co.
    		Uher, P., Broska, I., 1989: Muskovitický pegmatit s obsahom minerálov vzácnych prvkov při Moravanoch n.V. (Považský Inovec). Min.Slovaca, 21,2,163 – 174
    Sweden
     
    • Södermanland
      • Utö
    		Arzruni (1887), Russ. Ges. Min., Vh.: 23: 181.
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
    		Quensel 1941, GFF 63, 176-179; Cerny et al. (2004) Can. Min. 89, 505-518
    Uganda
     
    UK
     
    • England
      • Devon
        • Okehampton area (Northern Dartmoor)
    		http://www.mineralman.f9.co.uk/quarries/meldon.htm
    USA
     
    • California
      • San Diego Co.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
            • Chief Mountain
    		Rob Lavinsky
            • Hiriart Mountain (Hariat Mtn; Harriot Mtn; Heriart Mtn; Heriot Mtn; Hiriat Hill)
    		Dana 6:A3:22.
    Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: 31, 39.
    Jahns, R. A. and Wright, L. A., 1951, Gem and Lithium Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines Special Report 7A, 72p.
              • Vanderberg Mine (MS 5391; Naylor Rock; Naylor-Vanderburg mine; Sickler group; Vandenburg mine; Vanderburg mine)
    		Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and Lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines special report 7A: 31, 39.
    Jahns, Richard Henry & Wright, Lauren A. (1951), Gem and lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala district, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines Special Report 7-A: p. 31.
    Fisher, J. 2002. Gem and rare-element pegmatites of southern California. Mineralogical Record, Volume 33, Number 5: pages 376-378, photographs.
    • Colorado
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Clear Creek pegmatite Province
    		Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 27 (Table A-1).
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Town of Ridgefield
          • Branchville
    		Comstock (1880): Analyses of some American Tantalates
      • Middlesex Co.
        • East Hampton
        • Portland
          • Collins Hill
            • Strickland pegmatite (Strickland-Cramer Quarry; Strickland-Cramer Mine; Strickland-Cramer Feldspar-Mica Quarries)
    		Schooner, R., 1955, 99 Minerals from 1 Connecticut Hill, Rocks and Minerals, v. 30, p.351-358.
    Self collected by Kevin Czaja; Rocks & Minerals (1970) 45:595-600; Barton and Goldsmith (1968)
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Auburn
          • East Mount Apatite District
    		No reference listed
          • West Mount Apatite District
    		No reference listed
    Thompson, W, Joyner, D., Woodman, R., and King, V., 1998. Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd ed.; King and Foord, 1994, Mineralogy of Maine
    Thompson, W, Joyner, D., Woodman, R., and King, V., 1998. Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd ed.; King and Foord, 1994, Mineralogy of Maine
        • Poland
    		No reference listed
      • Oxford Co.
        • Buckfield
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine.; Mineralogical Record 22:382
        • Greenwood
    		No reference listed
          • Uncle Tom Mountain
    		Falster, A.U., Simmons, W.B., Sprague, R. (2006) 33rd Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, abstracts, 14-15.; Mineral News (1997) 13:10 pp1,6-9
    Van King
        • Newry
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed.), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    Van King
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1; King, V, 2006, Minerals of Halls Ridge and Plumbago-Puzzle Mountain, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, Mineral News, v. 22 (6), p. 1-3.
        • Rumford
    		No reference listed
      • Sagadahoc Co.
        • Georgetown
    		Collection of Steve Stuart
        • Topsham
    		No reference listed
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Alstead
    		USGS PP 255
    • New Mexico
      • Taos Co.
        • Picuris District
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; Jahns, R. H. and Ewing, R. C. (1977): The Harding mine, Taos County, New Mexico. Mineralogical Record, 8 (2): 115-126.
    • Virginia
      • Amelia Co.
        • Amelia (Amelia Court House)
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    AmMin 3:27-28 (1918)
        • Winterham
    		USGS Bulletin 248B (1952)
      • Powhatan Co.
        • Flat Rock
    		Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Wisconsin
      • Florence Co.
        • Fern
    		The Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Animikie Red Ace Pegmatite, Florence County, Wisconsin. Alexander U. Falster, Wm. B. Simmons, and Karen L. Webber, Recent Research Developments in Mineralogy, 1(1996); Rocks and Minerals 63:455
    Rocks & Min. (2002) 77:170
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Waterloo
    		Buchholz, T.W., Falster, A.U., and Simmons, WmB. (2007) 34th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, Contributed Papers.
      • Marathon Co.
        • Wausau pluton
          • "Rotten granite" quarries
    		www.uwrf.edu/~wc01
    Thomas Buchholz, 1999 "Minerals of a Wausau Pegmatite, Marathon County, Wisconsin", Rocks and Minerals, vol .74 #4, p. 254 - 258.
    Zambia
     
    • Copperbelt Province
      • Ndola District
        • Ndola
    		Behling, S. & Wilson, W.E. (2010) The Kagem Emerald Mine, Kafubu Area, Zambia. Mineralogical Record, 41: 59-67
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland East
      • Mudzi District
    		Hornung. G. PhD thesis. Pegmatites of th N. Mtoko Region. University of Leeds, Research Institute of African Geology. !961
    Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : 458-466
    • Masvingo
      • Bikita Area
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1946 27 : 157-165
    J. W. Anthony et al.: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. III (1997); Mineralogical Magazine 1946 27 : 157-165
    Mineral and/or Locality
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