Eclarite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Eclarite
Formula:
(Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28
Colour:
Whitish-grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½ - 3½
Specific Gravity:
6.75 - 6.88
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named for Prof. Eberhard Clar (23 Juli 1904 - 7 December 1995), Austrian geologist who worked at the technical high school in Graz and the University of Vienna, Austria.
This page provides mineralogical data about Eclarite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1349
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1349:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
5efb5c43-36f7-4a26-a88e-cbd7d547516b
IMA Classification of Eclarite
Approved
Approval year:
1982
First published:
1983
Classification of Eclarite
2.HB.10c
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
B : With Cu, Ag, Fe, Sn and Pb
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
H : Sulfosalts of SnS archetype
B : With Cu, Ag, Fe, Sn and Pb
3.6.10.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
6 : 2 < Ăž < 2.49
3 : SULFOSALTS
6 : 2 < Ăž < 2.49
5.7.19
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMAâCNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMAâCNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Ecl | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Ecl | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Eclarite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Whitish-grey
Streak:
Lead grey
Hardness:
2½ - 3½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN50=87 - 191 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Comment:
traverse hardness less than longitudinal hardness
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Distinct on {010}
poor on {0kl}
Distinct on {010}
poor on {0kl}
Density:
6.75 - 6.88 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Eclarite
Anisotropism:
Distinct in air, strong in oil
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
480nm | 45.2% | 51.2% |
546nm | 42.9% | 47.2% |
589nm | 42.0% | 46.1% |
644nm | 40.2% | 45.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 51.2%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Whitish gray; oil - bluish gray
Pleochroism:
Visible
Chemistry of Eclarite
Mindat Formula:
(Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28
Common Impurities:
Ag,Sb
Chemical Analysis
wt%
1 | |
---|---|
Cu | 1.75 % |
Ag | 0.27 % |
Fe | 0.11 % |
Pb | 30.64 % |
Bi | 49.88 % |
Sb | 0.55 % |
S | 16.76 % |
Total: | 99.96 % |
Empirical formulas:
Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
---|---|
1 | Cu1.46Fe0.10Ag0.13Pb7.82Bi12.64Sb0.24S27.69 |
Sample references:
ID | Locality | Reference | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Blika gold mine, Svartdal, Seljord, Vestfold og Telemark, Norway | Electron microprobe. The empirical formula is based on 20.85 large cations. |
Crystallography of Eclarite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Setting:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 54.76(4) Å, b = 4.030(3) Å, c = 22.75(3) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 13.588 : 1 : 5.645
Unit Cell V:
5,020.53 Ă
Âł (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Fan shaped aggregates of acicular crystals, prismatic; granular.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Rotation
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Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0019708 | Eclarite | Topa D, Makovicky E (2012) Eclarite: New data and interpretations The Canadian Mineralogist 50 371-386 | 2012 | Felbertal, Salzburg Province, Austria | 0 | 293 | |
0015698 | Eclarite | Kupcik V (1984) Die kristallstruktur des minerals eclarit, (Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28 Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen 32 259-269 | 1984 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.414 Ă | (100) |
2.014 Ă | (80) |
2.893 Ă | (70) |
3.010 Ă | (60) |
2.141 Ă | (50) |
2.037 Ă | (45) |
3.488 Ă | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Near-surface Processes | |
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
High-đ alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Eclarite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fan-shaped aggregates of needle-like crystals up to 1.5 cm long, or as granular fracture-fillings in pyrite and arsenopyrite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Institute for Geosciences (Mineralogy), University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Mineralogical-Crystallographical Institute, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1982,573.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 150482.
Mineralogical-Crystallographical Institute, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1982,573.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 150482.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Gold bearing sulfide copper ores in quartz veins.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Paar, W.H., Chen, T.T., Kupcik, V., Hanke, K. (1983) Eclarit, (Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28, ein neues Sulfosalz von BĂ€renbad, Hollersbachtal, Salzburg, Ăsterreich. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 32: 103-110.
Synonyms of Eclarite
Other Language Names for Eclarite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.HB. | Barikaite | Ag3Pb10(Sb8As11)S40 |
2.HB. | Carducciite | (Ag2Sb2)Pb12(As,Sb)16S40 |
2.HB. | Sardashtite | Ag9Cu2.5Pb41Sb36.5As7S112 |
2.HB. | Interliveingite | AgPb18As25S56 |
2.HB.05a | Aikinite | PbCuBiS3 |
2.HB.05a | Friedrichite | Pb5Cu5Bi7S18 |
2.HB.05a | Gladite | PbCuBi5S9 |
2.HB.05a | Hammarite | Pb2Cu2Bi4S9 |
2.HB.05c | JaskĂłlskiite | CuxPb2+x(Sb,Bi)2-xS5 (x ~ 0.15) |
2.HB.05a | Krupkaite | PbCuBi3S6 |
2.HB.05a | Lindströmite | Pb3Cu3Bi7S15 |
2.HB.05b | Meneghinite | Pb13CuSb7S24 |
2.HB.05a | Pekoite | PbCuBi11S18 |
2.HB.05a | Emilite | Pb2.7Cu2.7Bi5.3S12 |
2.HB.05 | UM2000-46-S:BiCuPb | Cu0.33Pb0.33Bi7.67S12 |
2.HB.05a | Salzburgite | Pb1.6Cu1.6Bi6.4S12 |
2.HB.05 | UM1990-54-Se:BiCuPb | CuPb(Ni,Co)0.3Bi3Se6 |
2.HB.05a | Paarite | Pb1.7Cu1.7Bi6.3S12 |
2.HB.10b | Giessenite | Pb27Cu2(Bi,Sb)19S57 |
2.HB.10b | Izoklakeite | Pb27(Cu,Fe,Ag)2(Sb,Bi)19S57 |
2.HB.10a | Kobellite | Pb22Cu4(Bi,Sb)30S69 |
2.HB.10a | Tintinaite | Pb22Cu4(Sb,Bi)30S69 |
2.HB.15 | Benavidesite | Pb4MnSb6S14 |
2.HB.15 | Jamesonite | Pb4FeSb6S14 |
2.HB.20d | Berryite | Cu3Ag2Pb3Bi7S16 |
2.HB.20b | Buckhornite | AuPb2BiTe2S3 |
2.HB.20a | NagyĂĄgite | [Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3 |
2.HB.20e | Watkinsonite | Cu2PbBi4(Se,S,Te)8 |
2.HB.20c | Museumite | [Pb2(Pb,Sb)2S8][(Te,Au)2] |
2.HB.20e | Litochlebite | Ag2PbBi4Se8 |
2.HB.20b | Jaszczakite | [Bi3S3][AuS2] |
2.HB.20e | Luxembourgite | AgCuPbBi4Se8 |
2.HB.25 | Meerschautite | (Ag,Cu)6Pb43-2xSb44+2xS112Ox (x ~0.5) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Eclarite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1349.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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Mineral Dealers:
References for Eclarite
Reference List:
Dunn, Pete J., Chao, George Y., Fleischer, Michael, Ferraiolo, James A., Langley, Richard H., Pabst, Adolf, Zilczer, Janet A. (1985) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 70 (1-2) 214-221 p.215
Localities for Eclarite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria (TL) | |
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China | |
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Czech Republic | |
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Finland | |
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India | |
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Japan | |
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Norway | |
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Romania | |
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Slovakia | |
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Switzerland | |
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USA | |
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BĂ€renbad Mine, Scharnbachgraben, Hollersbach im Pinzgau, Zell am See District, Salzburg, Austria