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Pearceite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Pearceite (87)

Pearceite Gallery Search Photos of Pearceite

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Pearceite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Pearceite-T2ac

Sarbai Deposit, Rudny, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan

Pearceite

Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

Pearceite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Pearceite-T2ac

Sarbai Deposit, Rudny, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan

Pearceite

Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

Pearceite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Pearceite-T2ac

Sarbai Deposit, Rudny, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan

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About PearceiteHide

Richard Pearce

Formula:

[Ag₆As₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]

Colour:

Black

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

2½ - 3

Specific Gravity:

6.15

Crystal System:

Trigonal

Member of:

Pearceite-Polybasite Group

Name:

Named in honor of Dr. Richard Pearce (June 29, 1837 Barripper, Cornwall - May 18, 1927 London), chemist and metallurgist. He spent three decades in the United States, erecting smelters near Denver, Colorado and in Butte, Montana. He was a founding member of the Colorado Scientific Society. He donated many specimens to the British Museum.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Mollie Gibson Mine, Aspen, Aspen Mining District (Roaring Fork Mining District), Pitkin County, Colorado, USA

Pearceite-Polybasite series.

Originally pearceite was thought to be an arsenic analogue of polybasite.
"Arsenpolybasite" was, however, found to represent two different polytypes of pearceite, pearceite-T2ac and pearceite-M2a2b2c.

Pearceite forms a series with polybasite-Tac (formerly "antimonpearceite"), which is a polytype of polybasite.

The old name pearceite was replaced by pearceite-Tac, antimonpearceite by polybasite-Tac, arsenpolybasite-221 by pearceite-T2ac, and arsenpolybasite-222 by pearceite-M2a2b2c (Bindi et al. 2007).

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3138

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3138:3

GUID
(UUID V4):

0ee8f8b3-cacd-4fef-8547-b0ff555b7a32

IMA Classification of PearceiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

[Ag₉CuS₄][(Ag,Cu)₆(As,Sb)₂S₇]

First published:

1896

Classification of PearceiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

2.GB.15

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
G : Sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites
B : Neso-sulfarsenites, etc. with additional S

Dana 8th ed.:

3.1.8.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4

Hey's CIM Ref.:

5.2.5

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Pea	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Pea	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019)	The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Pronunciation of PearceiteHide

Pronunciation:

Play	Recorded by	Country
	Jolyon Ralph	United Kingdom

Physical Properties of PearceiteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Black

Streak:

Black

Hardness:

2½ - 3 on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed
none

Fracture:

Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

6.15 g/cm³ (Measured) 6.07 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of PearceiteHide

Type:

Biaxial

RI values:

n_α = 2.700

Max Birefringence:

δ = 2.700

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Anisotropism:

Moderate, typically dark violet.

Dispersion:

relatively strong

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁	R₂
400nm	34.8%	34.3%
420nm	34.2%	34.2%
440nm	33.4%	34.1%
460nm	32.5%	33.8%
480nm	31.5%	33.2%
500nm	30.6%	32.8%
520nm	29.8%	32.5%
540nm	29.3%	32.3%
560nm	29.0%	32.0%
580nm	29.0%	31.7%
600nm	29.1%	31.2%
620nm	29.1%	30.7%
640nm	28.9%	30.2%
660nm	28.6%	29.8%
680nm	28.0%	29.3%
700nm	27.4%	29.1%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 34.8%.
R₁ shown in black, R₂ shown in red

Colour in reflected light:

White

Internal Reflections:

Very dark red.

Pleochroism:

Weak

Comments:

Very weak in air, fair in oil.

Chemistry of PearceiteHide

Mindat Formula:

[Ag₆As₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]

Elements listed:

Ag, As, Cu, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Zn,Fe,Sb

Crystallography of PearceiteHide

Polytype:

Formula:

Crystal System:

Class (H-M)

Space Group:

Space Group Setting:

Cell Parameters:

Ratio:

Unit Cell Volume (calc):

Pearceite-M2a2b2c	Pearceite-T2ac	Pearceite-Tac

Monoclinic	Trigonal	Trigonal
2/m - Prismatic	3 2 - Trapezohedral	3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
B2/b	P3 2 1	P3m1
C2/c
a = 26.036(2) Å, b = 15.0319(13) Å, c = 24.042(3) Å β = 90.000(13)°	a = 14.9746(17) Å, c = 11.9982(6) Å	a = 7.3876(4) Å, c = 11.8882(7) Å
a:b:c = 1.732 : 1 : 1.599	a:c = 1 : 0.801	a:c = 1 : 1.609
V 9,409.33 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)	V 2,330.01 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)	V 561.89 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)
16	4	1

Crystallographic forms of PearceiteHide

Crystal Atlas:

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Pearceite - Tabular {001}

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0006140	Pearceite	Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2007) Complex twinning, polytypism and disorder phenomena in the crystal structures of antimonpearceite and arsenpolybasite The Canadian Mineralogist 45 321-333	2007	Eagle mine, Colorado, USA	293
0006141	Pearceite	Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2007) Complex twinning, polytypism and disorder phenomena in the crystal structures of antimonpearceite and arsenpolybasite The Canadian Mineralogist 45 321-333	2007	St. Joachimsthal, Bohemia, Czech Republic	293
0006142	Pearceite	Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2007) Complex twinning, polytypism and disorder phenomena in the crystal structures of antimonpearceite and arsenpolybasite The Canadian Mineralogist 45 321-333	2007	Freiberg, Germany	293
0009933	Pearceite	Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)16(As,Sb)2S11 Acta Crystallographica B62 212-219	2006	Clara mine, Black Forest, Germany	293
0009934	Pearceite	Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)16(As,Sb)2S11 Acta Crystallographica B62 212-219	2006	Clara mine, Black Forest, Germany	293
0009935	Pearceite	Bindi L, Evain M, Menchetti S (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)16(As,Sb)2S11 Acta Crystallographica B62 212-219	2006	Clara mine, Black Forest, Germany	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Pearceite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Bindi L'
'Evain M'
'Menchetti S'
_journal_name_full 'The Canadian Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 45 
_journal_year 2007
_journal_page_first 321
_journal_page_last 333
_publ_section_title
;
 Complex twinning, polytypism and disorder phenomena in the crystal structures
 of antimonpearceite and arsenpolybasite
 Sample: T = 330 K
 Note: mineral name has been changed from antimonpearceite
 Note: this is type pearceite-Tac
;
_database_code_amcsd 0006140
_chemical_compound_source 'Eagle mine, Colorado, USA'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Ag12.96 Cu3.04 (Sb1.846 As.154) S11'
_cell_length_a 7.4805
_cell_length_b 7.4805
_cell_length_c 11.8836
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 120
_cell_volume 575.891
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      6.286
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P -3 m 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '-y,-x,z'
  'y,-x+y,-z'
  '-x,-x+y,-z'
  '-x+y,-x,z'
  '-x+y,y,z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  'y,x,-z'
  '-y,x-y,z'
  'x,x-y,z'
  'x-y,x,-z'
  'x-y,-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Ag1   0.14879   0.29760   0.38289   0.66000   0.05840
Cu1   0.14879   0.29760   0.38289   0.34000   0.05840
Ag2   0.19600   0.36510   0.12060   0.41100   0.46100
Ag3   0.37400   0.27920   0.11680   0.33900   0.12000
Cu2   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   1.00000   0.03140
Sb   0.66667   0.33333   0.41180   0.92300   0.02462
As   0.66667   0.33333   0.41180   0.07700   0.02462
S1   0.00000   0.00000   0.18171   1.00000   0.02880
S2   0.50432   0.00864   0.31065   1.00000   0.03010
S3   0.33333   0.66667   0.01530   1.00000   0.04480
S4   0.00000   0.07980   0.50000   0.16667   0.03340
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Ag1 0.04570 0.07280 0.06580 0.03640 -0.00220 -0.00450
Cu1 0.04570 0.07280 0.06580 0.03640 -0.00220 -0.00450
Ag2 0.84000 0.05070 0.04820 -0.11100 -0.01900 0.00590
Ag3 0.08600 0.19700 0.05600 0.05500 -0.00250 -0.04600
Cu2 0.03920 0.03920 0.01580 0.01960 0.00000 0.00000
Sb 0.02671 0.02671 0.02050 0.01335 0.00000 0.00000
As 0.02671 0.02671 0.02050 0.01335 0.00000 0.00000
S1 0.03540 0.03540 0.01570 0.01770 0.00000 0.00000
S2 0.02970 0.02230 0.03580 0.01113 -0.00027 -0.00050
S3 0.04540 0.04540 0.04350 0.02270 0.00000 0.00000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
2.97 Å	(100)
2.80 Å	(90)
2.47 Å	(60)
2.30 Å	(60)
1.827 Å	(60)
2.34 Å	(50)
1.992 Å	(50)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of PearceiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Mollie Gibson Mine, Aspen, Aspen Mining District (Roaring Fork Mining District), Pitkin County, Colorado, USA

General Appearance of Type Material:

Well formed crystals to 3 cm in diameter and 1 cm thick. Most commonly with a hexagonal outline, prominent basal planes (striated) and highly modified edges.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA, 3.4270, 3.4292, 3.4293.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 84843.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Quartz

Calcite

Synonyms of PearceiteHide

Pirseite

Other Language Names for PearceiteHide

German:Pearceit

Russian:Пирсеит

Simplified Chinese:硫砷铜银矿
砷硫铜银矿
砷硫银矿

Spanish:Pearceita

Relationship of Pearceite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Pearceite-Polybasite Group

Other Members of this group:

Argentopearceite	Ag₁₆As₂S₁₁	Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
Argentopolybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉AgS₄]	Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
Argentopolybasite-T2ac	Ag₁₆Sb₂S₁₁	Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
Benleonardite	[Ag₆(Sb,As)₂S₆Te][Ag₉Cu(S,Te)₂Te₂]	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
Cupropearceite	[Cu₆As₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
Cupropolybasite	[Cu₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]	Trig. 3m : P3 1m
Polybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Selenopolybasite	[(Ag,Cu)₆(Sb,As)₂(S,Se)₇][Ag₉Cu(S,Se)₂Se₂]	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1

Forms a series with:

Polybasite

Pearceite-Polybasite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

19 photos of Pearceite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
19 photos of Pearceite associated with Acanthite	Ag₂S
17 photos of Pearceite associated with Proustite	Ag₃AsS₃
14 photos of Pearceite associated with Silver	Ag
14 photos of Pearceite associated with Calcite	CaCO₃
10 photos of Pearceite associated with Sphalerite	ZnS
8 photos of Pearceite associated with Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
8 photos of Pearceite associated with Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S
7 photos of Pearceite associated with Gold	Au
7 photos of Pearceite associated with Pyrite	FeS₂

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.GB.	Polybasite-Tac		Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
2.GB.	Argentotetrahedrite-(Hg)	Ag₆(Cu₄Hg₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Hakite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄Se₁₂Se	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Hakite-(Cd)	Cu₆(Cu₄Cd₂)Sb₄Se₁₂Se	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)	Ag₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Pošepnýite	(Cu⁺₃◻₃)(Hg²⁺₄Cu⁺₂)Sb₄Se₁₂(Se_0.5◻_0.5)	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Argentopearceite	Ag₁₆As₂S₁₁	Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
2.GB.	Zvěstovite-(Zn)	Ag₆(Ag₄Zn₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso.
2.GB.	Kenoargentotennantite-(Fe)	[Ag₆]⁴⁺(Cu₄Fe₂)As₄S₁₂◻	Iso.
2.GB.	Tennantite-(Hg)	Cu₆(Cu₄Hg₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Zn)	[Ag₆]⁴⁺(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₂◻	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tennantite-(Cu)	Cu₆(Cu₄Cu₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Stibiogoldfieldite	(Cu₄Cu₂)(Cu₄Cu⁺₂)(Sb₂Te₂)S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tennantite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tetrahedrite-(Ni)	Cu₆(Cu₄Ni₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Stibioústalečite	(Cu₄Cu₂)(Cu₄Cu⁺₂)(Sb₂Te₂)Se₁₂Se	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Arsenogoldfieldite	(Cu₄Cu₂)(Cu₄Cu⁺₂)(As₂Te₂)S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tennantite-(In)	Cu₆(Cu₄(In³⁺Cu⁺))As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tennantite-(Cd)	Cu₆(Cu₄Cd₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tetrahedrite-(Mn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Mn₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Argentopolybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉AgS₄]	Trig. 3 2 : P3 2 1
2.GB.X	Kenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe)	[Ag₆]⁴⁺(Ag₄Fe²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂◻	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Argentotetrahedrite-(Cd)	Ag₆(Cu₄Cd₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tennantite-(Mn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Mn₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Zvěstovite-(Fe)	Ag₆(Ag₄Fe²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Hakite-(Fe)	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe²⁺₂)Sb₄Se₁₂Se	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tetrahedrite-(Cu)	Cu₆(Cu₄Cu²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Arsenoústalečite	(Cu₄Cu₂)(Cu₄Cu⁺₂)(As₂Te₂)Se₁₂Se	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.	Tetrahedrite-(Cd)	Cu₆(Cu₄Cd₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Argentotennantite-(Zn)	Ag₆(Cu₄Zn₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Giraudite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)As₄Se₁₂Se	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Goldfieldite	(Cu₄◻₂)(Cu₄Cu⁺₂)Te₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Hakite-(Hg)	Cu₆(Cu₄Hg₂)Sb₄Se₁₂Se	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Tennantite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Argentotetrahedrite-(Fe)	Ag₆(Cu₄Fe₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Rozhdestvenskayaite-(Zn)	Ag₆(Ag₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	UM1992-21-S:AgFeSb	Ag₆(Ag₄Fe²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso.
2.GB.05	Tennantite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Tetrahedrite-(Zn)	Cu₆(Cu₄Zn₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m
2.GB.05	Tennantite-(Fe)	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe²⁺₂)As₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Tetrahedrite-(Fe)	Cu₆(Cu₄Fe²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Fe)	[Ag₆]⁴⁺(Cu₄Fe²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂◻	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.05	Tetrahedrite-(Hg)	Cu₆(Cu₄Hg₂)Sb₄S₁₂S	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.10	Selenostephanite	Ag₅SbSe₄	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2₁ 2₁ 2₁
2.GB.10	Stephanite	Ag₅SbS₄	Orth. mm2 : Cmc2₁
2.GB.15	Polybasite	[Ag₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.GB.15	UM2003-14-S:AgBiFeTe	Ag₁₆FeBiTe₃S₈
2.GB.15	Selenopolybasite	[(Ag,Cu)₆(Sb,As)₂(S,Se)₇][Ag₉Cu(S,Se)₂Se₂]	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
2.GB.15	Cupropearceite	[Cu₆As₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1
2.GB.15	Cupropolybasite	[Cu₆Sb₂S₇][Ag₉CuS₄]	Trig. 3m : P3 1m
2.GB.15	UM1979-17-S:BiCuFe	~Cu₁₈Fe₄BiS₁₆
2.GB.20	Galkhaite	(Hg₅Cu)CsAs₄S₁₂	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.20	Vorontsovite	(Hg₅Cu)_Σ6TlAs₄S₁₂	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m
2.GB.20	Ferrovorontsovite	(Fe₅Cu)_Σ6TlAs₄S₁₂	Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m

Other InformationHide

Notes:

With a blowpipe, pearceite decrepitates slightly and fuses at about one. Heated on charcoal in the oxidizing flame, a slight coating of As2O3 is formed, and by addition of borax or sodium carbonate and continued heating a globule of metallic silver is obtained. In the open tube SO3 is given off and a volatile sublimate of As2O3 is formed. In the closed tube the mineral fuses, yields a yellow sublimate of arsenic sulphide and above the latter a very slight one of sulphur. The powder is readily oxidized and dissolved by nitric acid, the solution yields with HCl an abundant precipitate of silver chloride and on addition of ammonia in excess the blue color characteristic of copper is obtained, while a slight precipitate of ferric hydroxide is formed.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for PearceiteHide

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for PearceiteHide

Reference List:

Rose, H. (1829) Ueber die in der natur corkommenden nicht oxydirten verbindungen des antimons und des arseniks. Annalen der Physik und Chemie: 1829: 573-592.

Rose (1833), Ann. Phys.: 28: 158.

Rammelsberg (1875): 123.

Penfield, S.L., Pearce, S.H. (1892) On polybasite and tennantite from the Mollie Gibson Mine in Aspen, Colorado. American Journal of Science: 44: 15-18.

Penfield, S. L. (1896) On Pearceite, a Sulpharsenite of Silver and on the Crystallization of Polybasite. American Journal of Science: 2(7): 17-29.

Gaudin and McGlashan (1938): 33: 153.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.353-355

Frondel, Clifford (1963) Isodimorphism and the polybasite and pearceite series. American Mineralogist, 48 (5-6) 565-572

Fleischer, M. (1965) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 50: 1504-1508.

Hall, H. T. (1967) The pearceite and polybasite series. American Mineralogist, 52 (9-10) 1311-1321

Edenharter, A., Koto, K., Nowacki, W. (1971) Über pearceit, polybasit und binnit. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 1971: 337-341.

Bailey, S. W. (1977) Report of the I.M.A.-I. U.Cr. Joint Committee on Nomenclature. American Mineralogist, 62 (5-6) 411-415

Rep. Tohoku University (1983): 15: 3.

Harlov, Daniel E. (1999) Thermochemistry of Ag-Cu exchange equilibria between proustite, sinnerite, and pearceite: Constraints on Ag-Cu and As-Sb mixing in pyrargyrite-proustite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 11 (4) 709-720 doi:10.1127/ejm/11/4/0709

Bindi, Luca, Evain, Michel, Menchetti, Silvio (2006) Temperature dependence of the silver distribution in the crystal structure of natural pearceite, (Ag,Cu)₁₆(As,Sb)₂S₁₁. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, 62 (2) 212-219 doi:10.1107/s010876810600108x

Locock, A.J., Ercit, T.S., Kjellman, J., Piilonen, C. (2006) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 91: 1945-1954.

Bindi, Luca, Evain, Michel, Spry, Paul G., Menchetti, Silvio (2007) The pearceite-polybasite group of minerals: Crystal chemistry and new nomenclature rules. American Mineralogist, 92 (5) 918-925 doi:10.2138/am.2007.2440

Withers, R. L., Noren, L., Welberry, T. R., Bindi, L., Evain, M., Menchetti, S. (2008): A composite modulated structure mechanism for Ag+ fast ion conduction in pearceite and polybasite mineral solid electrolytes. Solid State Ionics 179, 2080-2089.

Welberry, T.R., Pasciak, M. (2011) Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulation of disorder in the Ag+ fast ion conductors pearceite and polybasite. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions: A42: 6-13.

Bindi, L., Voudouris, P., Spry, P. G. (2013) Structural role of tellurium in the minerals of the pearceite-polybasite group. Mineralogical Magazine, 77 (4) 419-428 doi:10.1180/minmag.2013.077.4.02

(2023) Pearceite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for PearceiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Argentina
Catamarca Province Andalgalá Department Capillitas mining district ⓘ La Argentina vein	PUTZ +1 other reference
ⓘ Ortiz vein	PUTZ +1 other reference
Belén Department Hualfín ⓘ La Blende deposit	Márquez-Zavalía et al. (2016)
La Rioja Province Chilecito department Chilecito ⓘ Cerro Negro mining district	DE BRODTKORB
ⓘ Peregrina mine	Brodtkorb (2002)
Famatina Department La Mejicana mining area ⓘ Nevados de Famatina Cu-Au deposit	Brotkorb (2002)
Salta Province Los Andes department San Antonio de los Cobres El Quevar mining district ⓘ Armonía Mine	ROBL +1 other reference
ⓘ El Quevar Mine	Brodtkorb (2002)
San Luis Province Coronel Pringles Department ⓘ Carolina	Gallard-Esquivel et al. (2018)
Santa Cruz Province Deseado Department ⓘ Cerro Moro deposit	Mugas Lobos et al. (2020)
Lago Buenos Aires Department ⓘ Eureka West	Permuy Vidal et al. (2016)
Virginia Project ⓘ Julia North deposit	Luna et al. (2016)

Australia
New South Wales Buller Co. Drake district ⓘ Border Chief Mine	Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Warwick-Tweed Heads Metallogenic Map (SH/56-2, SH/56-3)
ⓘ Red Rock	Henley et al. (2001)
ⓘ Magazine	Bottomer L.R. Epithermal silver-gold mineralization in the Drake area (1986)
ⓘ Main Shaft	Bottomer L.R. Epithermal silver-gold mineralization in the Drake area (1986)
Clive Co. Silent Grove ⓘ Silver lode (Corbetts prospect)	Henley et al. (2001)
Drake Co. Drake ⓘ Lady Hampden Pit (Lady Hampden Mine)	Henley et al. (2001)
ⓘ Mascotte Mine (Mascotte reef)	Henley et al. (2001)
ⓘ Silver King Mine 1 (Silver King)	Henley et al. (2001)
Georgiana Co. Kempfield ⓘ Kempfield Barytes Mine (Kempfield deposit)	David (2013)
Phillip Co. Lue ⓘ Bowdens Silver Project	Pringle and Elliot 1998 +1 other reference
Westmoreland Co. ⓘ Yerranderie	Edwards (1953) +1 other reference
ⓘ Silver King Mine	Downes (2007)
Queensland Whitsunday Region ⓘ Mt Carlton Mine (Mt Carlton pit)	Sahlström et al. (2017)

Austria
Lower Austria Lilienfeld District ⓘ Annaberg	[Mineralogical Record 29:184]
Tyrol Kufstein District Brixlegg Geyer - Silberberg District ⓘ Silberberg	Lapis 19 (7/8)
Reith im Alpbachtal ⓘ Matzenköpfl (Madersbacher Köpfl)	Kolitsch (2017)
Unterstein ⓘ Silberberg adit	58. +1 other reference

Bailiwick of Guernsey
Sark Little Sark ⓘ Sark's Hope Mine	R. A. Ixer Mining et al. (2) +1 other reference

Bolivia
La Paz José Manuel Pando Province Berenguela mining district ⓘ Pacocagua Mine (Pacocahua Mine; Dos Amigos Mine)	USGS Bulletin # 1975
Potosí Antonio Quijarro Province Porco Municipality Agua de Castilla Porco ⓘ Huaylla Vinto	Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)

Brazil
Goiás Santa Terezinha de Goiás district Santa Terezinha de Goiás ⓘ Cedrolina chromitite body ?	Yuri de Melo Portella et al. (2016)

Bulgaria
Haskovo Province Ivaylovgrad Municipality Popsko ⓘ Popsko ore field	Mladenova et al. (1997)
Kardzhali Province Krumovgrad Municipality Pcheloyad ⓘ Pcheloyad mine	Dobrev et al. (2002)
Montana Province Chiprovtsi Municipality ⓘ Chiprovtsi deposit	Dimitrova et al. (2007)
Smolyan Province Madan Municipality Septemvri Mine (Deveti Septemvri Mine) ⓘ Osikovo deposit
Vratsa Province Balkan Mts (Stara Planina) ⓘ Sedmochislenitsi Mine (Sedmocislenici Mine)	tin.er.usgs.gov (n.d.) +3 other references

Burkina Faso
Centre-Ouest Region Sanguié Province Réo Department ⓘ Perkoa Zinc Project	Econ Geol (2003)

Canada
British Columbia Omineca Mining Division Owen Lake ⓘ Silver Queen Mine (Nadina Mine)	Hood et al. (1991)
Skeena Mining Division Alice Arm ⓘ Dolly Varden Mine	Peatfield (n.d.)
Northwest Territories Camsell River area ⓘ Silver Bear mine (Terra mines; North mine; Terra Mining and Exploration Company mine)	D. C. Harris (1973)
North Slave Region Great Bear Lake Port Radium District ⓘ Contact Lake Mine (B.E.A.R. deposit)	Lang (1952)
ⓘ Echo Bay Mine (Cross Fault shaft)	Lang (1952)
Nova Scotia Hants Co. Walton ⓘ Walton baryte mine (Magnet Cove Barium Corp. mine)	Boyle et al. (1966) +1 other reference
Ontario Cochrane District Hislop Township ⓘ Ross Mine	Can Mineral February 1985 v. 23 no. 1 ... +1 other reference
Timiskaming District Cobalt-Gowganda region ⓘ Cobalt area	159-161. +1 other reference
Coleman Township ⓘ O'Brien Mine	Petruk (1971)
ⓘ Silver Miller Mine (Pan Silver)	Traill (1983)
Gowganda area Nicol Township ⓘ Morrison Mine	Petruk (1971) +2 other references
ⓘ Siscoe Mine (Miller Lake O'Brien Mine; O'Brien Mine)	Petruk (1971) +2 other references

Chile
Antofagasta Antofagasta Province Antofagasta Escondida ⓘ El Peñón Mine	WARREN (2005)
ⓘ Faride Mine	Camus et al. (1991)
Atacama Copiapó Province Copiapó ⓘ Chañarcillo Mining District	Cook (1979)
Tierra Amarilla Pabellón Elisa de Bordos ⓘ Los Bordos Mine	The Stratabound Tuff-hosted Elisa de ... +1 other reference
Sierra Jardín ⓘ El Jardín mine	Econ Geol (1987)

China
Hebei Chengde Fengning County ⓘ Niuquan Ag-Au deposit (Niujuan Ag-Au deposit)	Fengshan Liu and Guohui Zhang (1996) +2 other references
ⓘ Yingfang Ag-Pb-Zn deposit	Qianwen Cao and Yaowu Ren (1990)
Henan Luoyang Luoning County Tieluping ore field ⓘ Haopinggou Mine	Erchen Gong (2008)
Nanyang Tongbai County ⓘ Weishancheng ore field	Dequan Shuai et al. (1985)
Hubei Shiyan Zhushan Co. ⓘ Yindonggou Mine (Yindonggou deposit)	Congqiang Liu (1987)
Hunan Chenzhou Guiyang Co. ⓘ Baoshan ore field (Baoshan Mine)	Zhengqin Li (1991)
ⓘ Baoshandong Pb-Zn-Ag deposit (Baoshan East Pb-Zn-Ag deposit)	[Pearceite-T2ac] Mingjun Yang and Gonghua Tan (1991)
Hengyang Changning Co. Shuikoushan ore field ⓘ Kangjiawan Pb-Zn-Ag-Au deposit	[Pearceite-T2ac] Nanshi Zeng et al. (2000)
Inner Mongolia Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture) Linxi County ⓘ Bianjiadayuan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit	Banxiao Ruan et al. (2013)
Ongniud Banner (Wengniute Co.) Shaolanghe orefield ⓘ Zhangjiagou deposit	Wang et al. (2023)
Hulunbuir City (Hulunbei'er Prefecture) New Barag Right Banner (Xin Barag Youqi) ⓘ Eren Tolgoi Ag-Au deposit (Erentaoleigai Ag-Au deposit; Erentaolegai Ag-Au deposit)	Zhicheng Lu et al. (2002)
Jiangsu Nanjing Qixia District ⓘ Qixiashan Mine (Chihsiashan Mine; Nanjing lead-zinc mine; Yinmao Mine)	Jinghong Cai (2007)
Jiangxi Yingtan Guixi Co. Lengshuikeng Ag-Pb-Zn-Au deposit ⓘ Xiabao ore block	Ran Lu et al. (2012)
Jilin Jilin Huadian City Jiapigou ore field ⓘ Erdaogou Mine	Laicheng Miao et al. (2005)
Siping Lishu County ⓘ Shanmen Ag-(Au) deposit (Siping Ag-(Au) deposit)	[Pearceite-T2ac] Liyan Zhang and Jigang Tang (1996)
Yanbian Chaoxianzu Wangqing County ⓘ Jiusangou Au deposit (Jiushisangou Au deposit)	Hai Zhao et al. (2008)
Liaoning Huludao Jianchang County Bajiazi Zn-Pb-Ag deposit ⓘ Wujiatun section	Shuhua Wang (1992)
Qinghai Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Golmud City (Ge'ermu Co.) Tuotuohe area (Tuotuo river area) ⓘ Chuduoqu deposit	Sun +6 other references
Madoi County ⓘ Kengdenongshe deposit	Zhao et al. (2021)
Shanxi Yuncheng Yuanqu Co. Zhongtiaoshan ore field ⓘ Bizigou Cu deposit (Bizhigou Cu deposit)	Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)
ⓘ Hujiayu Cu deposit	Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)
Sichuan Garzê Autonomous Prefecture (Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture) Baiyü County Maqiong ⓘ Gacun Mine	Chaoyang Li et al. (2003)
Yunnan Chuxiong Dayao County ⓘ Dayao copper mine	Weining Zhou (1994)
Pu'er Mojiang County ⓘ Jinchang Mine (Mojiang Mine; Yuanjiang gold mine)	Zhiping Li (1998)
Zhejiang Taizhou Huangyan District ⓘ Wubu Ag-Pb-Zn deposit	Renlai Zheng and Congzhi Xie (1984)

Czech Republic
Central Bohemian Region Příbram District Vrančice ⓘ Alexander Mine	[Lapis 1995
Karlovy Vary Region ⓘ Jáchymov ore district	[Pearceite-T2ac] Jakub Plasil
Karlovy Vary District ⓘ Jáchymov	Duda
Liberec Region Liberec District ⓘ Křižany	Fengl (1.)
ⓘ North Bohemian Uranium District	Scharm +7 other references
Moravian-Silesian Region Bruntál District ⓘ Horní Město	Fojt
Ústí nad Labem Region Chomutov District ⓘ Měděnec	[Pearceite-T2ac]
ⓘ Magnetite Mine	Hyrsl et al. (2009)
Teplice District Moldava ⓘ Moldava deposit	Sejkora (1994)

Fiji
Viti Levu Vatukoula Gold Field (Tavua Gold Field) Vatukoula ⓘ Emperor Mine	Ahmad et al. (1987)

Finland
Central Ostrobothnia Kannus ⓘ Jouhineva	Hector et al. (2023)

France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Haute-Loire Brioude Ferrussac ⓘ Unnamed barite vein	Pélisson (1989)
Paulhac ⓘ Les Chanterelles	Pélisson (1989)
Saint-Pal-de-Senouire ⓘ Monlimard	Pélisson (1989)
Rhône Villefranche-sur-Saône Chessy ⓘ Chessy copper mines	French BRGM data
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Haute-Saône Lure Mélisey Château-Lambert ⓘ Silver mines	Wittern et al. (Cologne)
Brittany Côtes-d'Armor Saint-Brieuc ⓘ Trémuson	Chauris (2014)
Morbihan Pontivy Guern ⓘ Quistiav (Quistiave)	R. Pierrot
Grand Est Haut-Rhin Colmar-Ribeauvillé Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines ⓘ Neuenberg	Th. Brunsperger@orange.fr
Sankt Jakob vein ⓘ Gabe Gottes Mine	Wittern +1 other reference
ⓘ Sankt Jakob Mine	This mine worked the same vein as Gabe ... +2 other references
Sankt Ludwig vein ⓘ Grande Haldes	P. Roth analysis
Sankt Wilhelm vein ⓘ Wilhelm mine	Wittern
Thann-Guebwiller Sewen Klosterwald ⓘ Moritz adit	Wittern et al. (Cologne)
Wegscheid ⓘ Brandeskopf Mountain	Wittern et al. (Cologne)
New Caledonia Southern Province Sarraméa ⓘ Queyras prospect	Maurizot et al. (2020)
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Corrèze Ussel Ussel ⓘ Les Farges Mine	Brousse (1982)
Haute-Vienne Bellac Vaulry ⓘ Cu deposit	P. Cantinolle et al.
Occitanie Aveyron Rodez Pruines Le Kaymar ⓘ La Boule	Lheur (2023)
Villefranche-de-Rouergue Villefranche-de-Rouergue ⓘ La Baume	Inventaire Mineralogique de la France ...
Hautes-Pyrénées ⓘ Aure Valley	Le Règne Minéral 47: 5-21
ⓘ Beyrède-Jumet	Sur la minéralisation cobalto-nickelifère de Beyrède-Jumet près de Sarrancolin (Hautes Pyrénées)
Tarn Castres Montredon-Labessonnié Peyrebrune ⓘ Le Rivet Quarry	Bernadi G. (2004)
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Alpes-Maritimes Grasse Mandelieu-la-Napoule ⓘ Maurevieille Mine	Mari et al. (1979)
Hautes-Alpes Gap La Chapelle-en-Valgaudemar ⓘ Rif du Sap mine	R. Pierrot
Saint-Maurice-en-Valgodemard ⓘ Le Roux mine	R. Pierrot
Var Draguignan Le Plan-de-la-Tour ⓘ Valaury mine (Vallaury mine)	Dietrich J.E. et al. (1999)

Germany
Baden-Württemberg Freiburg Region Ortenaukreis Oberwolfach ⓘ Clara Mine	Rehren (1986) +1 other reference
Rottweil Schenkenzell Wittichen Böckelsbach valley ⓘ Neuglück Mine	Mandler (1991)
ⓘ Sophia Mine	[Pearceite-T2ac] Walenta (1992)
Burgfelsen ⓘ Johann Mine	[Pearceite-T2ac]
Heubach Valley ⓘ Anton Mine	[Pearceite-T2ac]
Karlsruhe Region Freudenstadt Alpirsbach Reinerzau mining district ⓘ Tiefengraben quarry	[Pearceite-T2ac] Walenta (1992)
Bad Rippoldsau-Schapbach Wildschapbach valley ⓘ Friedrich-Christian Mine	Carsten Slotta sample
Rhein-Neckar-Kreis Wiesloch ⓘ Gänsberg	undefined +2 other references
Hesse Darmstadt Darmstadt-Dieburg Mühltal Nieder-Beerbach ⓘ Glasberg quarry	[Pearceite-T2ac]
Rhineland-Palatinate Birkenfeld Birkenfeld Ellweiler ⓘ Bühlskopf U deposit	Aufschluss 69/ (7+8) +1 other reference
Saxony Erzgebirgskreis Bärenstein Niederschlag ⓘ Straßburger Glück Mine	Lapis (4)
Ehrenfriedersdorf ⓘ Sauberg Mine	Wittern (2001)
Marienberg Lauta ⓘ Vater Abraham Mine	Hajek (2010)
Mittelsachsen Freiberg Himmelfahrt Mine ⓘ Neuer Morgenstern-Schacht	[Pearceite-T2ac] Frondel (1963)
Sayda ⓘ Altväter samt Eschig Mine	Witzke (2012)

Greece
Central Greece Euboea Karystos ⓘ Kallianou deposit (Kallianos deposit)	Panagiotis Voudouris & Paul Spry (2008)
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Evros Alexandroupoli Kirki Mines ⓘ Agios Philippos Mine	Voudouris et al. (2005)
South Aegean Milos Milos Island ⓘ Triades Mine	Papavasiliou et al. (2016)

Greenland
Kujalleq ⓘ Ilímaussaq complex ?	Sørensen (2001) +1 other reference

India
Rajasthan Bhilwara District ⓘ Rampura-Agucha Zn-(Pb) deposit	Mukherjee et al. (1998)

Indonesia
Bengkulu Province Rejang Lebong District (Rediang Lebong District) ⓘ Lebong Donok Mine	Simon et al. (1997)
West Java Province Bogor Regency ⓘ Gunung Pongkor Mine	Syafrizal +6 other references
West Sumatra Province ⓘ Salida	[Pearceite-T2ac] Simon et al. (1997)

Iran
Kerman Province Shahr-e Babak County Shahr-e Babak ⓘ Chah-Mesi epithermal vein deposit	Altenberger et al. (Ag-Au)
Sistan and Baluchestan Province Iranshahr County Bazman Volcano ⓘ Chahnaly deposit (Chahnali prospect)	DALIRAN et al. (2005)

Ireland
Connacht Galway County Killimor ⓘ ~~Tynagh Mine~~	de Haller +3 other references

Italy
Lombardy Bergamo Province ⓘ Gorno	AA. VV.
Oltre il Colle Vedra Valley Zorzone ⓘ Zorzone Mine	Maida (2002)
ⓘ Oneta	AA. VV.
Lecco Province Valsassina Primaluna ⓘ Contra Valley Mine	Vergani et al. (2021)
Varese Province Valganna Boarezzo ⓘ Boarezzo Mine (Pradisci prospect; Rio Carpane prospect)	Orlandi P. & Silvani A. (1994)
Sardinia South Sardinia Province Iglesias Bindua ⓘ San Giovanni Mine	Fiori (1998) +1 other reference
Villaputzu ⓘ Baccu Locci Mine	Venerandi Pirri (2002)
Tuscany Lucca Province Stazzema Sant'Anna di Stazzema ⓘ Buca dell'Angina Mine	[Pearceite-T2ac] Menchetti S. (Alpi Apuane)
Veneto Vicenza Province Schio Tretto San Rocco di Tretto (San Rocco) ⓘ Busi locality	Ferialdi et al. (2003)

Japan
Akita Prefecture Odate ⓘ Ezuri mine	Suji Ohno & Juichi Sato Ganko Vol. 90 (1995)
Hanaoka mine ⓘ Matsumine deposit	Matsueda (2000)
Hokkaidō Prefecture Ishikari Subprefecture Chitose City ⓘ Chitose mine	Yuningsih et al. (2018) +1 other reference
ⓘ Koryu mine (Kohryu mine)	Shimizu et al. (1998) +1 other reference
Ishikawa Prefecture Hakui District Shika-machi ⓘ Togi Mine	Hamada et al. (2022)
Kagoshima Prefecture Ichikikushikino City ⓘ Kushikino mine (Mitsui-Kushikino mine)	Galena et al. (216) +1 other reference
Niigata Prefecture Sado City ⓘ Sado mine	Matsubara: Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed.)
Shimane Prefecture Ōda City ⓘ Iwami mine (Iwami-ginzan)	Akasaka (2007)
ⓘ Fukuishi deposit	Akasaka et al. (2007, August) +1 other reference
Shizuoka Prefecture Izu City ⓘ Seikoshi mine (Seigoshi Mine; Seigoushi mine)	Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)

Kazakhstan
East Kazakhstan Region Kurshim District ⓘ Manka Au deposit	Глоба В.А. Месторождение Манка - новый геолого-промышленный тип месторождений золота. // Изв. НАН РК et al. (403)
Kostanay Region Rudny ⓘ Sarbai Deposit	[Pearceite-T2ac] Pekov et al. (1997)
Pavlodar Region Bayanaul District ⓘ Maikain Au deposit	Baibatsha et al. (2015) +1 other reference
Turkistan Region Kentau ⓘ Mirgalimsay Mine	- (2005)

Kosovo
Pristina District Graçanica Gračanica (Graçanicë) ⓘ Janjevo deposit	Mederski et al. (2021)

Mexico
Baja California Sur Mulegé Municipality Santa Rosalía Boleo District Arroyo de la Soledad ⓘ Amelia Mine	Panczner (1987)
Chihuahua Chínipas Municipality Palmarejo ⓘ Guadalupe deposit	Sotelo (2016)
ⓘ Palmarejo Mine	Sotelo (2016)
Saucillo Municipality Naica ⓘ Naica Mine	Querol +1 other reference
Coahuila Sierra Mojada Municipality Sierra Mojada ⓘ Veta Rica Mine	Dana 7. +2 other references
Durango San Dimas Municipality San Dimas District Tayoltita ⓘ Tayoltita Mine	Econ Geol (1992)
Guanajuato Guanajuato Municipality Guanajuato ⓘ Cebada Mine	Färber (n.d.)
ⓘ San Juan de Rayas Mine (Rayas Mine; Reyes Mine)
La Luz ⓘ San Carlos Mine	Panczner (1987)
Mexico Temascaltepec Municipality Temascaltepec de González (Temascaltepec) ⓘ La Guitarra mine (La Guitarra deposit)	Camprubi
Oaxaca Natividad Municipality Natividad Dulce Nombre mine ⓘ El Convento vein	Cano et al. (2024)
ⓘ Natividad vein	Cano et al. (2024)
ⓘ Poder de Dios vein	Cano et al. (2024)
Sonora Arizpe Municipality Arizpe ⓘ Chispas Mine (Pedrazzini mine)	Panczner (1987)

Morocco
Drâa-Tafilalet Region Tinghir Province Tinghir Cercle Imiter mining district ⓘ Igoudrane mine	Samira +1 other reference
ⓘ Imiter mine	Barral et al. (2009) +1 other reference
Zagora Province Agdz Cercle Tansifte Caïdat ⓘ Bouismas Mine	Fabre (n.d.)
Souss-Massa Region Taroudant Province Taliouine Cercle Askaouen Caïdat Jebel Siroua ⓘ Zgounder Mine	Petruk (1975) +1 other reference

Namibia
Otjozondjupa Region Grootfontein Constituency ⓘ Khusib Springs Mine (Khuiseb Springs Mine)	Kampunzu et al. (2009)

New Zealand
Auckland Region ⓘ Great Barrier Island	Boyle (1979)
Waikato Region Hauraki District ⓘ Waihi	Fyfe (2014)
ⓘ Moonlight Mine	Fyfe (2014)

North Macedonia
Berovo Municipality ⓘ Kadiica deposit (Bukovik-Kadiica deposit; Kadica deposit)	Serafimovski et al. (2015)
Probistip Municipality Kratovo-Zletovo ore district ⓘ Plavica deposit (Plavica-Zlatica deposit; Plavitsa deposit)	Serafimovski et al. (2003) +2 other references
ⓘ Zletovo Mine	Serafimovski et al. (2006)
ⓘ No. 10 vein	Serafimovski et al. (2005)
Radoviš Municipality ⓘ Bučim Mine (Bucim Mine; Buchim Mine; Bučim deposit)	Petrunov et al. (2001)

Norway
Buskerud ⓘ Kongsberg silver mining district ?	Neumann (1944)

Pacific Ocean
Tonga-Kermadec Arc ⓘ TA25 West vent field	Choi et al. (2023)

Peru
Arequipa Castilla Province ⓘ Shila-Paula mining district	CHAUVET (2019)
ⓘ Paula Mine	Greffié et al. (2002) +1 other reference
ⓘ Shila Mine	Chauvet et al. (2006)
Ayacucho Parinacochas Province ⓘ Pallancata deposit	Gamarra-Urrunaga et al. (2013)
Cuzco Espinar Province ⓘ Shila-Paula district	Chauvet et al. (2006)
Huancavelica Castrovirreyna Province Castrovirreyna District ⓘ Castrovirreyna mining district	Crowley et al. (1997)
ⓘ San Genaro Mine	Lewis Jr (1964)
Lima Oyón Province Oyón District ⓘ Uchucchacua Mine	[Pearceite-T2ac] Hyrsl et al. (2003)

Portugal
Vila Real Sabrosa ⓘ Vale das Gatas Mines (São Lourenço de Riba Pinhão and Souto Maior)	Bowles (1987)
Vila Pouca de Aguiar Alfarela de Jales ⓘ Jales Mines (Jales Mining Field)	Martins (2018)

Romania
Alba County Roșia Montană ⓘ Roşia Montană	www.gl.rhbnc.ac.uk (2003)
Hunedoara County Certeju de Sus ⓘ Măgura veins	Săbău et al. (2016)
Maramureș County ⓘ Baia Mare	Bailly et al. (1998)
Baia Sprie ⓘ Baia Sprie mine	Damian +6 other references
ⓘ Dealul Crucii adit	Damian +6 other references

Russia
Bashkortostan Uchalinsky District ⓘ Uchaly Cu-Zn deposit	Vinokurov et al. (2010) +2 other references
Chelyabinsk Oblast Kunashaksky District ⓘ Biksizak deposit	Plotinskaya et al. (2015)
Sosnovsky District Bereznyakovskoe ore field ⓘ Biksizak	Plotinskaya et al. (2014)
ⓘ Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Anadyrsky District ⓘ Valunisty deposit	[Pearceite-T2ac] K. A. Novoselov (2010)
Bilibinsky District Vesenniy ⓘ Nakhodka Cu deposit	Nagornaya et al. (2012)
Okhotsk-Chukotka belt ⓘ Pepenveem deposit	Глухов et al. (2021) +1 other reference
Kamchatka Krai Bystrinsky District Central Kamchatka mining district ⓘ Aginskoe Au deposit (Aginskoye deposit)	Andreeva et al. (2013)
Yelizovsky District ⓘ Mutnovskoe	Okrugin et al. (an Example of Mutnovsky Geothermal Area, Southern Kamchatka)
ⓘ Rodnikovoe	[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] +2 other references
Khabarovsk Krai Evensk ore district ⓘ Dal’nee deposit	Kravtsova et al. (2003)
ⓘ Kvartsevoe deposit	Kravtsova et al. (2003)
ⓘ Mnogovershinnoe Au-Ag deposit	Fats’yanov et al. (2010, November)
Magadan Oblast Omsukchansky District Ducat ore field ⓘ Ducat Mine (Dukat Mine)	Thorne (n.d.)
Severo-Evensky District ⓘ Burgali deposit	Volkov et al. (2021)
ⓘ Kvartsevaya Sopka deposit	Tauson et al. (2017)
ⓘ Ulakhan deposit	Savva et al. (2007)
Sverdlovsk Oblast ⓘ Galkinsk deposit	Vikentyev (2015)
Tuva Kyzylsky District Kyzyl-Tashtyg ore area ⓘ Kyzyl-Tashtyg deposit	Ankusheva et al. (2017) +1 other reference
Zabaykalsky Krai Alexandrovo-Zavodsky District ⓘ Bugdainskoe deposit	Kiseleva et al. (2008)

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Banská Štiavnica District Banská Belá ⓘ Banská Belá Au-Ag deposit	Berkh et al. (2014)
ⓘ Banská Štiavnica
ⓘ Terézia adit (Weiden mine)	Jeleň et al. (2006)
Žarnovica District Hodruša-Hámre ⓘ Hodruša-Hámre mines	Duda +1 other reference
ⓘ Finsterort vein	Vlasáč J. et al. (2021)
ⓘ Rabenstein	Majzlan (2009) +1 other reference
ⓘ Schöpfer vein	Koděra (1986)
ⓘ Treiboltz	Berkh et al. (2014)
Nová Baňa ⓘ Nová Baňa deposit	Ferenc Š. et al. (2014) +1 other reference
Žiar nad Hronom District Kremnica ⓘ Kremnica Au-Ag deposit	Števko M. et al. (2018)
ⓘ Vyhne	Vlasáč J. et al. (2021)
Prešov Region Prešov District Zlatá Baňa Zlatá Baňa deposit ⓘ Base metal deposit	Ďuďa R. (2001)

Spain
Andalusia Seville Gerena ⓘ Las Cruces Mine	Dr. Cesar Menor-Salvan. Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA-CSIC)
Catalonia Tarragona Conca de Barberà ⓘ L'Espluga de Francolí	Anthony et al. (1990)
Vimbodí i Poblet Bosc de Poblet ⓘ Atrevida Mine	Econ Geol (1992)
Community of Madrid Navalagamella ⓘ La Montañesa Mine	Menor et al. (2010)

Switzerland
Grisons Surselva Region Tujetsch Val Curnera ⓘ Cavradi gorge	[Pearceite-T2ac] Stalder et al. (1998)
Valais Goms Binn Fäld ⓘ Lengenbach Quarry	Guastoni et al. (2009) +1 other reference
Leuk Turtmann-Unterems Turtmann Valley Blüomatttälli ⓘ Kaltenberg Mine	Ansermet (2012)
Sierre Anniviers Saint-Luc ⓘ Bella Tola	Ansermet (2012)

USA
Alaska Denali Borough Denali National Park and Preserve Kantishna Hills District ⓘ Kantishna Hills lode deposits	USGS OFR 2004-1200 (Hawley,2004)
Juneau Admiralty Mining District ⓘ Greens Creek (Big Sore Mine)	Taylor
Arizona Cochise County ⓘ Bisbee	Graeme (1993)
ⓘ Campbell Mine	Graeme (1993) +1 other reference
Mohave County ⓘ Cerbat Mountains	Galbraith (1947)
Wallapai Mining District Chloride Mining District Chloride ⓘ Distaff Mine (Distaff Chloride Mine)	Bastin (1925) +1 other reference
Mineral Park Mining District ⓘ Mineral Park	Econ Geol (1988)
Santa Cruz County Patagonia Mountains Harshaw Mining District Alum Gulch Trench and Josephine Mine group (Josephine Mines; Trench group of claims; Lunch Cans prospect) ⓘ Trench Mine	Schrader (1915) +3 other references
ⓘ World's Fair Mine (Henry Ford Mine; Bonnie Carrie Mine)	Anthony et al. (1995)
Colorado Boulder County Caribou Mining District Grand Island Caribou Mine group ⓘ Caribou Mine (Caribou shaft)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ E. C. Hite Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Sherwood Gulch ⓘ Unnamed prospect	Eckel et al. (1997)
Ward Mining District ⓘ Black Jack Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Clear Creek County Central City Mining District ⓘ Ida May occurrence (Seven Forty; Barney; Polar Star; Alamaden; Standard; Lida; ; Fall River; Thomas; Golconda)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Fall River	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Almaden Mine	Sims (1963)
Georgetown District ⓘ Dunkirk	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Gabanta (Ashby; Colorado Central; Everett; Snow Drift; Silver Plume; Hall; Iris; Scott; Peru; Lebanon)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Illinois (Mammoth; Up; Frostberg; Diamond; Denver; Bush; Wisconsin; Corry City; Seven-Thirty; Pelican; Dunderbay; Pay Rock; Burleigh; Mendota; Maine; Dunkirk; Zero)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Idaho Springs Mining District (Virginia Mining District) ⓘ Alma Lincoln Mine	USGS OFR 66-87 (Moench,1966)
ⓘ Edgar Shaft	Moench et al. (1966)
ⓘ P.T. Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Two Brothers Tunnel	Moench et al. (1966)
Lamartine Mining District ⓘ P T Shaft	Harrison et al. (1959)
Lawson Mining District (Dumont Mining District; Montana Mining District) ⓘ American Sisters Mine	Lovering et al. (1950) +1 other reference
Donaldson Group ⓘ Little Champion (Megalona)	Moench et al. (1966)
ⓘ Joe Reynolds (Elida)	Lovering et al. (1950) +2 other references
ⓘ Phoenix Shaft	Moench et al. (1966)
ⓘ Red Elephant group (Boulder Nest Mine; Free American Mine; St. James Mine; Tabor Mine; White Mine)	Lovering et al. (1950)
Dolores County Lone Cone Mining District (Dunton Mining District) ⓘ Smuggler/Almont (Smuggler Almont)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Rico Mountains ⓘ Rico Mining District (Pioneer Mining District)	Barnes (1985)
ⓘ Newman Hill	Eckel et al. (1997)
Eagle County ⓘ Gilman Mining District (Battle Mountain Mining District; Red Cliff Mining District)	USGS PP 1017 (Lovering,1978)
Gilpin County ⓘ Central City Mining District (Central Mining District)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Hinsdale County Lake City Mining District Lake City ⓘ Golden Fleece Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
La Plata County La Plata Mining District (California Mining District) ⓘ Cumberland Mine (Patented Claims: Cumberland; MS 2376; Judge Lamb; MS 2357)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Lake County ⓘ Weston Pass District	[Pearceite-T2ac] Eckel et al. (1997)
Mineral County Creede Mining District ⓘ Bulldog Mountain Mine	Kucera (2021)
ⓘ Equity Mine ?	collected by and in the collection of ...
Ouray County Ouray Mining District Canyon Creek ⓘ Mineral Farm Mine	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ...
ⓘ Paquin Mining District	Rocks & Minerals 82:368-380
ⓘ Bachelor-Syracuse Mine	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... +1 other reference
ⓘ News Boy Mine	U.S. Geological Survey Professional ...
ⓘ Wedge Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Sneffels Mining District ⓘ Atlas Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Yankee Boy Basin ⓘ ~~Eldorado Mine~~	Rocks & Min.:64:142-143. +1 other reference
ⓘ Yankee Boy Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Park County ⓘ Weston Pass Mining District	[Pearceite-T2ac] Eckel et al. (1997)
Pitkin County Aspen Mining District (Roaring Fork Mining District) Aspen ⓘ Mollie Gibson Mine (TL)	Dana 7:I:352 & 355. +1 other reference
Saguache County Bonanza Mining District (Kerber Creek Mining District; Blake Mining District) ⓘ Eagle Mine (Eagle-Hawk Mine Eagle and Hawk Claims)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Rawley Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
San Juan County Animas Mining District Silverton Sultan Mountain ⓘ Pittsburg tunnel	Econ Geol (1991)
Summit County ⓘ Argentine Pass	Eckel et al. (1997)
Kokomo-Tenmile area ⓘ Copper Mountain (Cooper Mountain)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Montezuma Area ⓘ Atlantic (Sarisfield; Sarsfield; Bullion and Yellow Jacket; Mozart)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Equity Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Morgan Gulch ⓘ Unnamed prospect	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Red Jacket (Star of the West; Star of the West No. 2; Mohawk; Iowa)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Saints John Mine (Florado; Saint John Mine)	Eckel et al. (1997)
Snake River ⓘ Burke Martin Mine (Silver Wing)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Wombat Mine	[Pearceite-T2ac] Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Montezuma Mining District (Snake River Mining District)	Eckel et al. (1997)
ⓘ Grizzly Gulch	Eckel et al. (1997)
Telluride Mining District ⓘ Liberty Bell Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Marshall Basin Smuggler Union Mine ⓘ Smuggler Vein	Rocks & Minerals 75:338
Idaho Bonner County Lakeview Mining District Lakeview ⓘ Conjecture Mine	Rocks & Min. 70:246
Montana Cascade County Neihart Mining District (Montana Mining District) ⓘ Big Seven Mine	Gobla (2012)
Jefferson County Whitehall Mining District (Cardwell Mining District) ⓘ Apex prospect	Gnanou (2018)
ⓘ Bonanza prospect	Gnanou (2018)
ⓘ Golden Sunlight Mine (Telluride and Excelsior; Moonlight Buffalo; Blue Moose; Minera Hill; Sunlight)	Gammons et al. (2020)
Lewis and Clark County Marysville Mining District ⓘ Drumlummon Mine (Marysville Mine; Drumlin Tailings)	Dana 7:I:352
Seven-Up Pete Mining District ⓘ McDonald Meadows Occurrence	Szarkowski (2019)
Silver Bow County ⓘ Butte Mining District (Summit Valley Mining District)	Chris Gammons and Ryan Stevenson (2015)
ⓘ Anselmo Mine	Anaconda Mining Company Collection
ⓘ Leonard Mine	Guilbert and Zeihen 1964. From tables ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Mountain Consolidated Mine	Gammons et al. (2016)
ⓘ Orphan Girl Mine	Gammons et al. (2016)
ⓘ Star West Mine	Rocks & Min.: 16: 246.
Walkerville ⓘ Goldsmith Mine	Dan Evanich collection
ⓘ Lexington Mine	Gammons et al. (2016)
ⓘ Marget Ann Mine	Gammons et al. (2016) +1 other reference
ⓘ Walkerville area	XRD Analysis by John Attard 2017
Nevada Lincoln County Cave Valley Mining District ⓘ Cave Valley mine	NBMG Bull 73 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Streator mine	NBMG Bull 73 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
ⓘ Pioche Mining District	Castor et al. (2004)
Mineral County Rawhide Mining District ⓘ Rawhide Victor Mine	Castor et al. (2004)
Storey County ⓘ Comstock Mining District	R&M 74:6 p380-390
Virginia City ⓘ Comstock Lode	[Canadian Mineralogist (1978) +1 other reference
ⓘ Mexican Mine ?	Bastin (1922)
ⓘ Ophir Mine	Castor et al. (2004)
New Mexico Grant County Big Burro Mountains Black Hawk Mining District ⓘ Twin Peaks	[Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ...
ⓘ Black Hawk Mine	[Rocks & Minerals Vol 68 March/April ...
ⓘ Chloride Flat Mining District [includes Silver City Mining District]	Northrop et al. (1996)
Chloride Flat ⓘ Seventy-Six Mine	Entwistle (1944)
Utah Box Elder County Grouse Creek Mts (Grouse Creek Range) Ashbrook Mining District ⓘ Vipont Mine	Bullock (1981)
Juab County Tintic Mining District Eureka ⓘ Bullion Beck Mine (Champion)	Bullock (1981)
ⓘ Centennial Eureka Mine	EDS analysis done by John Dagenais
ⓘ Gemini Mine	Bullock (1981)
Utah County East Tintic Mining District Dividend Tintic Standard Mine ⓘ Tintic Standard No. 2 Shaft	Bullock (1981)
ⓘ North Lily Mine	Bullock (1981)
Washington Chelan County Wenatchee Mining District ⓘ Cannon Mine	[Pearceite-T2ac] Lasmanis (1995)
Wisconsin Forest County Ladysmith-Rhinelander Metavolcanic Complex Little Sand Lake ⓘ Crandon massive sulfide deposit (Little Sand Lake Deposit; Crandon Project; Exxon Deposit) ?	Lambe et al. (1987)

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