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Buddingtonite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Buddingtonite (6)

Buddingtonite Gallery Search Photos of Buddingtonite

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Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

Buddingtonite

Sharon Heights, Menlo Park, San Mateo County, California, USA

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About BuddingtoniteHide

Arthur Francis Buddington

Formula:

(NH₄)(AlSi₃O₈)

Colour:

Colorless

Lustre:

Sub-Vitreous, Earthy

Hardness:

5½

Specific Gravity:

2.32

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Feldspar Group

Name:

Named in 1964 by Richard C. Erd, D. E. White, Joseph J. Fahey, and D. E. Lee in honor of Arthur Francis Buddington [November 29, 1890 Wilmington, Delaware - December 25, 1980 Quincy, Massachusetts]. Buddington was a mineralogist and petrologist, first at the Carnegie Geophysical Laboratory in Washington, DC and later professor at Princeton University, New Jersey.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Sulphur Bank Mine (Sulfur Bank Mine; Sulphur Bank deposits), Clear Lake Oaks, Sulphur Creek Mining District (Sulfur Creek Mining District; Wilbur Springs Mining District), Lake County, California, USA

Isostructural with:

Feldspar Group

This page provides mineralogical data about Buddingtonite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

796

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:796:6

GUID
(UUID V4):

509e79bc-26ad-4f5d-880c-ed20f51fcb16

IMA Classification of BuddingtoniteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

(NH₄)(AlSi₃)O₈

First published:

1964

Type description reference:

Erd, R.C., White, D.E., Fahey, J.J., Lee, D.E. (1964) Buddingtonite, an ammonium feldspar with zeolitic water. American Mineralogist: 49: 831-851.

Classification of BuddingtoniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

9.FA.30

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H₂O
A : Tektosilicates without additional non-tetrahedral anions

Dana 8th ed.:

76.1.2.1

76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
1 : Al-Si Framework with Al-Si frameworks

Hey's CIM Ref.:

16.5.3

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
5 : Aluminosilicates of Cs, NH₄ and Cu

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Bud	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of BuddingtoniteHide

Lustre:

Sub-Vitreous, Earthy

Transparency:

Transparent

Comment:

Usually very fine grained.

Colour:

Colorless

Streak:

White

Hardness:

5½ on Mohs scale

Hardness Data:

Estimated

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
{001}, {010}

Fracture:

Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

2.32 g/cm³ (Measured) 2.38 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of BuddingtoniteHide

Type:

Biaxial (+)

RI values:

n_α = 1.530 n_β = 1.531 n_γ = 1.534

2V:

Calculated: 60°

Birefringence:

0.004

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.004

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Low

Dispersion:

weak

Optical Extinction:

Z = b; X ∧ a = 4°; Y ∧ c = 19°.

Pleochroism:

Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of BuddingtoniteHide

Mindat Formula:

(NH₄)(AlSi₃O₈)

Elements listed:

Al, H, N, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Mg,Ca,Ba,Na,K

Crystallography of BuddingtoniteHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2 - Sphenoidal

Space Group:

P2₁

Cell Parameters:

a = 8.57 Å, b = 13.03 Å, c = 7.18 Å
β = 112.73°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.658 : 1 : 0.551

Unit Cell V:

739.50 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Usually fine-grained, anhedral. When developed, crystals typical of orthoclase.

Comment:

Possibly prismatic class

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Temp (K)
0008919	Buddingtonite	Mookherjee M, Redfern S A T, Swainson I, Harlov D E (2004) Low-temperature behaviour of ammonium ion in buddingtonite [N(D/H)4AlSi3O8] from neutron powder diffraction Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 643-649	2004	293
0008920	Buddingtonite	Mookherjee M, Redfern S A T, Swainson I, Harlov D E (2004) Low-temperature behaviour of ammonium ion in buddingtonite [N(D/H)4AlSi3O8] from neutron powder diffraction Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 643-649	2004	293
0008921	Buddingtonite	Mookherjee M, Redfern S A T, Swainson I, Harlov D E (2004) Low-temperature behaviour of ammonium ion in buddingtonite [N(D/H)4AlSi3O8] from neutron powder diffraction Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 643-649	2004	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Buddingtonite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Mookherjee M'
'Redfern S A T'
'Swainson I'
'Harlov D E'
_journal_name_full 'Physics and Chemistry of Minerals'
_journal_volume 31 
_journal_year 2004
_journal_page_first 643
_journal_page_last 649
_publ_section_title
;
 Low-temperature behaviour of ammonium ion in buddingtonite
 [N(D/H)4AlSi3O8] from neutron powder diffraction
 Sample: T = 11 K
;
_database_code_amcsd 0008919
_chemical_formula_sum 'N D4 (Al Si3) O8'
_cell_length_a 8.79182
_cell_length_b 13.11084
_cell_length_c 7.20473
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 116.097
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 745.809
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      2.327
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'C 1 2/m 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,z'
  'x,-y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,z'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
N   0.29030   0.00000   0.14240   1.00000   0.01452
D1   0.41470   0.01900   0.20660   0.50000   0.03999
D2   0.26140  -0.03110   0.25180   0.50000   0.03999
D3   0.26590  -0.05130   0.02750   0.50000   0.03999
D4   0.21910   0.06340   0.08380   0.50000   0.03999
Al1   0.70700   0.11790   0.34470   0.25000   0.00056
Si1   0.70700   0.11790   0.34470   0.75000   0.00056
Al2   0.01670   0.18810   0.23470   0.25000   0.00243
Si2   0.01670   0.18810   0.23470   0.75000   0.00243
O1   0.00000   0.15800   0.00000   1.00000  -0.00506
O2   0.66070   0.00000   0.29500   1.00000  -0.00506
O3   0.82740   0.15870   0.22520   1.00000  -0.00506
O4   0.03990   0.31230   0.26240   1.00000  -0.00506
O5   0.17130   0.12600   0.40710   1.00000  -0.00506

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
6.52 Å	(100)
5.91 Å	(40)
4.33 Å	(70)
3.81 Å	(100)
3.38 Å	(70)
3.26 Å	(60)
3.23 Å	(70)
3.01 Å	(40)

Comments:

17-517

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust	>4.50
9 : Lava/xenolith minerals (hornfels, sanidinite facies)
Near-surface Processes
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere	<0.6
53 : Other minerals with taphonomic origins	<0.4

Type Occurrence of BuddingtoniteHide

Type Locality:

General Appearance of Type Material:

Compact masses pseudomorphous after plagioclase, and as crystals as much as 0.05 mm diameter lining cavities.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 116974, 132920, 147604.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Quaternary andesite and older rocks hydrothermally altered by ammonia-bearing hot-spring waters below the water table.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Sulphur	Stibnite	Quartz	Pyrite	Montmorillonite
Mica Group	Marcasite	Marcasite	Chlorite Group	Baryte
Anatase

Reference:

Erd, R.C., White, D.E., Fahey, J.J., Lee, D.E. (1964) Buddingtonite, an ammonium feldspar with zeolitic water. American Mineralogist: 49: 831-851.

Download:

https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/AM49_831.pdf

Synonyms of BuddingtoniteHide

IMA1963-001

Other Language Names for BuddingtoniteHide

German:Buddingtonit

Russian:Баддингтонит

Spanish:Buddingtonita

Relationship of Buddingtonite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Feldspar Group

Other Members of this group:

Alkali Feldspar	A subgroup of the Feldspar Group, poor in calcium, and mostly rich in potassium.
Banalsite	Na₂BaAl₄Si₄O₁₆	Orth. mm2 : Iba2
Celsian	Ba(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2/m
Cleavelandite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	Tric.
Filatovite	K(Al,Zn)₂(As,Si)₂O₈	Mon. 2/m
Hexacelsian	BaAl₂Si₂O₈	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mcm
Kokchetavite	K(AlSi₃O₈)	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
Kumdykolite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
Paracelsian	Ba(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Reedmergnerite	NaBSi₃O₈	Tric. 1 : P1
Slawsonite	Sr(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
Stronalsite	Na₂SrAl₄Si₄O₁₆	Orth.
Svyatoslavite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2 : P2₁
Unnamed (New Ordered Member of the Alkali Feldspar Series)	KNa(Si₆Al₂)O₁₆	Mon. m

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.FA.	Hexacelsian	BaAl₂Si₂O₈	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mcm
9.FA.	Wodegongjieite	KCa₃(Al₇Si₉)O₃₂	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
9.FA.05	Kaliophilite	KAlSiO₄	Trig. 3 : P3
9.FA.05	Kalsilite	KAlSiO₄	Hex. 6 2 2 : P6₃ 2 2
9.FA.05	Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FA.05	Panunzite	(K,Na)AlSiO₄	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FA.05	Trikalsilite	K₂NaAl₃(SiO₄)₃	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FA.05	Yoshiokaite	(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)O₄]	Trig. 3 : P3
9.FA.05	Carnegieite	NaAlSiO₄	Tric.
9.FA.05 va	Germanate-nepheline	(Na,K)AlGeO₄
9.FA.05	Megakalsilite	KAlSiO₄	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FA.05	Trinepheline	NaAlSiO₄	Hex. 6 : P6₁
9.FA.05	Davidsmithite	(Ca,◻)₂Na₆Al₈Si₈O₃₂	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FA.10	Malinkoite	NaBSiO₄	Hex. 6 : P6₃
9.FA.15	Virgilite	LiAlSi₂O₆	Hex. 6 2 2 : P6₂ 2 2
9.FA.25	Lisitsynite	KBSi₂O₆	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2 2 2
9.FA.30	Celsian	Ba(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2/m
9.FA.30	Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)	Tric. 1
9.FA.30	Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.FA.30	Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.FA.30	Rubicline	Rb(AlSi₃O₈)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.FA.30 va	Germanate-celsian	BaAl₂Ge₂O₈
9.FA.30	Monalbite	NaAlSi₃O₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.FA.30	Ferrisanidine	K[Fe³⁺Si₃O₈]	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.FA.35	Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	Tric. 1
9.FA.35	Anorthite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Tric. 1 : P1
9.FA.35	Reedmergnerite	NaBSi₃O₈	Tric. 1 : P1
9.FA.40	Paracelsian	Ba(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.FA.45	Svyatoslavite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2 : P2₁
9.FA.45	Kumdykolite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
9.FA.50	Slawsonite	Sr(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.FA.55	Lisetite	CaNa₂Al₄Si₄O₁₆	Orth. mm2
9.FA.60	Banalsite	Na₂BaAl₄Si₄O₁₆	Orth. mm2 : Iba2
9.FA.60	Stronalsite	Na₂SrAl₄Si₄O₁₆	Orth.
9.FA.65	Danburite	CaB₂Si₂O₈	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.FA.65	Maleevite	BaB₂Si₂O₈	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.FA.65	Pekovite	SrB₂Si₂O₈	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.FA.70	Stöfflerite	CaAl₂Si₂O₈	Tet. 4/m : I4/m
9.FA.70	Lingunite	(Na,Ca)AlSi₃O₈	Tet. 4/m : I4/m
9.FA.70	Liebermannite	KAlSi₃O₈	Tet. 4/m : I4/m
9.FA.75	Kokchetavite	K(AlSi₃O₈)	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for BuddingtoniteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-796.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

Look for Buddingtonite on Webmineral

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for BuddingtoniteHide

Reference List:

Erd, R.C., White, D.E., Fahey, J.J., Lee, D.E. (1964) Buddingtonite, an ammonium feldspar with zeolitic water. American Mineralogist: 49: 831-851.

Loughnan, F.C., Roberts, F.I., Lindner, A.W. (1983) Buddingtonite (NH4-feldspar) in the Condor Oilshale Deposit, Queensland, Australia. Mineralogical Magazine: 47: 327-334.

Voncken, J.H.L., Van Roermund, H.L.M., Van Der Eerden, A.M.J., Jansen, J.B.H., Erd, R.C. (1993) Holotype buddingtonite: An ammonium feldspar without zeolitic H2O. American Mineralogist: 78: 204-209.

Harlov, D.E., Andrut, M., Pöter, B. (2001) Characterisation of buddingtonite (NH4)[AlSi3O8] and ND4-buddingtonite (ND4)[AlSi3O8] using IR spectroscopy and Rieveld refinement of XRD spectra. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 28: 188-198.

Matýsek, D., Skupien, P., Bubík, M., Jirásek, J., Škoda, R. (2022): Multi-stage alteration history of volcanic clasts containing buddigtonite from Upper Cretaceous strata of the Subsilesian Unit, Czech part of the Outer Flysch Carpathians. Mineralogy and Petrology (in press).

forum.amiminerals.it (2023) http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=18187

(2023) Buddingtonite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for BuddingtoniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Argentina
Chubut Province Futaleufú Department Esquel ⓘ Esquel gold-silver deposit	Soechting et al. (2008)
Mendoza Province Malargüe Department Agua Escondida District Don Sixto Project ⓘ El Pantanito deposit	RUBINSTEIN

Australia
Queensland Cairns Region Prosperpine ⓘ Condor deposit	Lindner (1983)

China
Guangdong Maoming ⓘ Maoming oil-shale deposit	Shaohui (1987)
Xinjiang ⓘ Huoshaoshan oil field	Liu (2016, April)

Czech Republic
Moravian-Silesian Region Frýdek-Místek District Sviadnov ⓘ Ostravice river bed	Matýsek et al. (2022)

Guatemala
Chiquimula Department ⓘ Banderas prospect	Harlap et al. (2006)

Japan
Iwate Prefecture Hachimantai geothermal area ⓘ Toshichi spa	Kimbara et al. (1982)
Saga Prefecture Nishimatsuura District Arita ⓘ Izumiyama Quarry (Izumiyama deposit)	Nakagawa et al. (1995)

Mexico
Puebla Ixtacamaxtitlán Municipality ⓘ Ixtaca Gold-Silver Deposit	PhotoSat (2018)
Zacatecas ⓘ Fresnillo Municipality	Megaw (2023)
ⓘ Fresnillo	Stone +3 other references

New Zealand
Northland Region Whangarei District ⓘ Te Mata	Christie +1 other reference

Poland
Silesian Voivodeship Bytom Bobrek ⓘ Bobrek heap ?	Ł. Kruszewski EPMA/PXRD data +1 other reference

Ukraine
Zhytomyr Oblast Zhytomyr Raion ⓘ Khoroshiv Raion (Volodarsk-Volynskii)	Lyckberg et al. (2009)
ⓘ Volyn Pegmatites	Popov (2023)

USA (TL)
California Lake County Sulphur Creek Mining District (Sulfur Creek Mining District; Wilbur Springs Mining District) Clear Lake Oaks ⓘ Sulphur Bank Mine (Sulfur Bank Mine; Sulphur Bank deposits) (TL)	Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 279 +2 other references
Napa County Knoxville Mining District Knoxville ⓘ McLaughlin Mine (Manhattan Mine)	Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal ...
San Mateo County Atherton ⓘ Stockbridge Avenue occurrence	Pampeyan (2010)
Menlo Park Sharon Heights ⓘ Saga Foods building site	Pampeyan (2010)
ⓘ Sand Hill Road road cut	Pampeyan (2010)
ⓘ Sharon Park Drive	Pampeyan (2010)
ⓘ Sharon Park Drive outcrop	Pampeyan (2010)
ⓘ St Dennis Church parking lot	Pampeyan (2010)
Palo Alto area ⓘ Unnamed Hg occurrence [1]	Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 365. +2 other references
Idaho Caribou County SE Idaho Phosphate Mining District ⓘ Gravel Creek Divide	Gulbrandsen (1974)
Nevada Elko County ⓘ Ivanhoe Mining District	Jour.Volcanology & Geothermal Res. ...
Esmeralda County ⓘ Crow Springs Mining District	Castor et al. (2004)
ⓘ Cuprite Mining District	Felzer et al. (1994) +1 other reference
Humboldt County Awakening Mining District ⓘ Sleeper mine	Jackson et al. (2007)
Opalite Mining District ⓘ McDermitt Mine	Castor et al. (2004)
Nye County San Antonio Mountains Tonopah Mining District ⓘ Little Cedars Mine	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
Wyoming Park County Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone ⓘ Seven Mile Well	2009 Portland GSA Annual Meeting (18-21 October 2009) +1 other reference

Buddingtonite

About BuddingtoniteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of BuddingtoniteHide

Classification of BuddingtoniteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of BuddingtoniteHide

Optical Data of BuddingtoniteHide

Chemistry of BuddingtoniteHide

Crystallography of BuddingtoniteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of BuddingtoniteHide

Synonyms of BuddingtoniteHide

Other Language Names for BuddingtoniteHide

Relationship of Buddingtonite to other SpeciesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for BuddingtoniteHide

References for BuddingtoniteHide

Localities for BuddingtoniteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide