Kuramite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Kuramite
Formula:
Cu3SnS4
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
4.56 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1979 by V.A. Kovalenker, T.L. Evstigneeva, N.V. Troneva, and L.N. Vyal´sov for the Kuramin (Qurama) Mountains where the type locality is found.
Stannite group.
Compare also the varieties, stannoenargite and stannoluzonite, and other Cu-Sn sulphides: erazoite and 'UM1981-18-S:CuSn'.
Compare also the varieties, stannoenargite and stannoluzonite, and other Cu-Sn sulphides: erazoite and 'UM1981-18-S:CuSn'.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2291
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2291:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
0d4f68db-25fe-4db6-9cc4-777c405e5cbf
IMA Classification of Kuramite
Approved
First published:
1979
Classification of Kuramite
2.CB.15a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
2.9.2.4
2 : SULFIDES
9 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1
2 : SULFIDES
9 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1
6.1.1
6 : Sulphosalts - Sulphostannates, Sulphogermanates,Sulpharsenates, Sulphantimonates, Sulphovanadates and Sulphohalides
1 : Sulphostannates and other sulfides containing Sn
6 : Sulphosalts - Sulphostannates, Sulphogermanates,Sulpharsenates, Sulphantimonates, Sulphovanadates and Sulphohalides
1 : Sulphostannates and other sulfides containing Sn
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Ku | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Ku | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Kuramite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Streak:
metallic
Hardness:
5 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN20=379 - 432 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Density:
4.56 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Kuramite
Anisotropism:
Distinct, brown shades
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
460nm | 25.3% | 25.2% |
540nm | 26.5% | 28.7% |
580nm | 26.7% | 29.5% |
640nm | 26.5% | 28.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 29.5%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Neutral gray
Chemistry of Kuramite
Mindat Formula:
Cu3SnS4
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Fe,Zn,In
Crystallography of Kuramite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4 2m - Scalenohedral
Space Group:
I4 2m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.545(5) Å, c = 10.75(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.939
Unit Cell V:
330.53 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0013950 | Kuramite | Chen X, Wada H, Sato A, Mieno M (1998) Synthesis, electrical conductivity, and crystal structure of Cu4Sn7S16 and structure refinement of Cu2SnS3 Journal of Solid State Chemistry 139 144-151 | 1998 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.13 Å | (10) |
1.914 Å | (8) |
1.640 Å | (6) |
1.108 Å | (4) |
1.244 Å | (3) |
2.70 Å | (2) |
1.044 Å | (2) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33) |
Type Occurrence of Kuramite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Inclusions, 5-80 microns in diameter within goldfieldite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
1) A. E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
2) Institute of Ore Deposits (IGEM), Moscow, Russia.
2) Institute of Ore Deposits (IGEM), Moscow, Russia.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Gold-sulfide deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Kovalenker, V.A., Evstigneeva,T.L., Troneva, N.V., Vyal´sov, L.N. (1979) Kuramite, Cu3SnS4, a new mineral of the stannite group. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 108: 564-569.
Synonyms of Kuramite
Other Language Names for Kuramite
Relationship of Kuramite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Briartite | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 | Tet. |
Černýite | Cu2(Cd,Zn,Fe)SnS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Famatinite | Cu3SbS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Ferrokësterite | Cu2FeSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
Hocartite | Ag2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Kësterite | Cu2ZnSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
Keutschite | Cu2AgAsS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Luzonite | Cu3AsS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Omariniite | Cu8Fe2ZnGe2S12 | Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2 |
Permingeatite | Cu3SbSe4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Petrukite | (Cu,Fe,Zn,Ag)3(Sn,In)S4 | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
Pirquitasite | Ag2ZnSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
Richardsite | Zn2CuGaS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Stannoidite | Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12 | Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2 |
UM1984-30-S:CuFeSn | Cu2Fe2Sn3S7 | |
Unnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide) | CuZn2InS4 | |
Velikite | Cu2HgSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
Zincobriartite | Cu2(Zn,Fe)(Ge,Ga)S4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.CB. | Agmantinite | Ag2MnSnS4 |
2.CB. | Richardsite | Zn2CuGaS4 |
2.CB. | Gachingite | Au(Te1-xSex) |
2.CB. | Tolstykhite | Au3S4Te6 |
2.CB. | Hanswilkeite | KFeS2 |
2.CB. | Auroselenide | AuSe |
2.CB. | Ruizhongite | (Ag2◻)Pb3Ge2S8 |
2.CB. | Okruginite | Cu2SnSe3 |
2.CB.05a | Coloradoite | HgTe |
2.CB.05a | Hawleyite | CdS |
2.CB.05a | Metacinnabar | HgS |
2.CB.05c | Polhemusite | (Zn,Hg)S |
2.CB.05b | Sakuraiite | (Cu,Zn,Fe)3(In,Sn)S4 |
2.CB.05a | Sphalerite | ZnS |
2.CB.05a | Stilleite | ZnSe |
2.CB.05a | Tiemannite | HgSe |
2.CB.05 | UM1998-15-S:CuFeZn | Cu2Fe3Zn5S10 |
2.CB.05a | Rudashevskyite | (Fe,Zn)S |
2.CB.05a | Ishiharaite | (Cu,Ga,Fe,In,Zn)S |
2.CB.07a | Shenzhuangite | NiFeS2 |
2.CB.07a | Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulpide) | Cu2MnSnS4 |
2.CB.10a | Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
2.CB.10a | Eskebornite | CuFeSe2 |
2.CB.10a | Gallite | CuGaS2 |
2.CB.10b | Haycockite | Cu4Fe5S8 |
2.CB.10a | Lenaite | AgFeS2 |
2.CB.10b | Mooihoekite | Cu9Fe9S16 |
2.CB.10b | Putoranite | Cu1.1Fe1.2S2 |
2.CB.10a | Roquesite | CuInS2 |
2.CB.10b | Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
2.CB.10a | Laforêtite | AgInS2 |
2.CB.10a | Unnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide) | CuZn2InS4 |
2.CB.10a | UM1984-30-S:CuFeSn | Cu2Fe2Sn3S7 |
2.CB.10c | Omariniite | Cu8Fe2ZnGe2S12 |
2.CB.15a | Černýite | Cu2(Cd,Zn,Fe)SnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Ferrokësterite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Hocartite | Ag2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
2.CB.15a | Kësterite | Cu2ZnSnS4 |
2.CB.15b | Mohite | Cu2SnS3 |
2.CB.15a | Pirquitasite | Ag2ZnSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
2.CB.15c | Stannoidite | Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12 |
2.CB.15a | Velikite | Cu2HgSnS4 |
2.CB.15c | UM2006-11-S:CuFeGeZn | Cu8(Fe,Zn)3Ge2S12 (?) |
2.CB.17a v | Arsenic-bearing Renierite | Cu11GeAsFe4S16 |
2.CB.20 | Chatkalite | Cu6FeSn2S8 |
2.CB.20 | Mawsonite | Cu6Fe2SnS8 |
2.CB.30 | Argyropyrite | near Ag2Fe7S11 |
2.CB.30 | Colusite | Cu13VAs3S16 |
2.CB.30 | Germanite | Cu13Fe2Ge2S16 |
2.CB.30 | Germanocolusite | Cu26V2(Ge,As)6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Nekrasovite | Cu26V2(Sn,As,Sb)6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Stibiocolusite | Cu13V(Sb,Sn,As)3S16 |
2.CB.30 | Ovamboite | Cu20(Fe,Cu,Zn)6W2Ge6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Maikainite | Cu20(Fe,Cu)6Mo2Ge6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Frieseite | Ag2Fe5S8 (?) |
2.CB.35a | Hemusite | Cu6SnMoS8 |
2.CB.35a | Kiddcreekite | Cu6SnWS8 |
2.CB.35a | Polkovicite | (Fe,Pb)3(Ge,Fe)1-xS4 |
2.CB.35a | Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
2.CB.35a | Vinciennite | Cu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16 |
2.CB.35a | Morozeviczite | (Pb,Fe)3Ge1-xS4 |
2.CB.35b | Catamarcaite | Cu6GeWS8 |
2.CB.40 | Lautite | CuAsS |
2.CB.42 | Lingbaoite | AgTe3 |
2.CB.45 | Cadmoselite | CdSe |
2.CB.45 | Greenockite | CdS |
2.CB.45 | Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
2.CB.45 | Rambergite | MnS |
2.CB.45 | Buseckite | (Fe,Zn,Mn)S |
2.CB.45 | Maletoyvayamite | Au3Se4Te6 |
2.CB.47 | Murchisite | Cr5S6 |
2.CB.50 | Zincselenide | ZnSe |
2.CB.50 | Wassonite | TiS |
2.CB.52 | Dzhezkazganite | ReMoCu2PbS6 ? |
2.CB.55a | Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
2.CB.55b | Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
2.CB.60 | Picotpaulite | TlFe2S3 |
2.CB.60 | Raguinite | TlFeS2 |
2.CB.65 | Argentopyrite | AgFe2S3 |
2.CB.65 | Sternbergite | AgFe2S3 |
2.CB.70 | Sulvanite | Cu3VS4 |
2.CB.75 | Vulcanite | CuTe |
2.CB.80 | Empressite | AgTe |
2.CB.85 | Muthmannite | AuAgTe2 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Kuramite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2291.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
References for Kuramite
Localities for Kuramite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Arctic Ocean | |
| Olsen (2016) |
Argentina | |
| FRANCHINI (27º26'S-66º16'O) |
| DE BRODTKORB +2 other references |
Chile | |
| Henley et al. (2012) |
DR Congo | |
| ... |
Greece | |
| Voudouris et al. (2011) |
Hungary | |
| |
Japan | |
| CHIMIZU (1993) |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
USA | |
| Graeme (1993) |
Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Rocks & Minerals 71:2 pp94-101 |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Uzbekistan (TL) | |
| Kovalenker et al. (1979) +3 other references |
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Gunheath China Clay Pit, Stenalees, Treverbyn, Cornwall, England, UK