Symesite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Symesite
Formula:
Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O
Colour:
Pink
Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
7.3
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named for Robert Frederick Symes (10 February 1939, Harrow, London, UK - 23 May 2016, Exeter, England, UK) of the Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, London, England.
Type Locality:
Related to mereheadite.
Krivovichev et al. (2009) mention a possible carbonate analogue of symesite.
Krivovichev et al. (2009) mention a possible carbonate analogue of symesite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
11033
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:11033:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
5f7e1158-a059-409a-8f82-65e7ff465908
IMA Classification of Symesite
Classification of Symesite
3.DC.60
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
C : With Pb (As,Sb,Bi), without Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Sy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Symesite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Symesite
Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
"adamantine" added, since Welch et al. (2000) indicate R.I. > 2
Colour:
Pink
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Density:
7.3(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 7.23 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Symesite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 2.120 nγ = 2.160
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.040
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Anisotropism:
weak anisotropy in crossed polars
Dispersion:
r < v
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 | imR1 | imR2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
400nm | 17.20% | 17.95% | 5.07% | 5.65% |
420nm | 16.50% | 17.40% | 4.69% | 5.28% |
440nm | 15.90% | 16.90% | 4.40% | 4.99% |
460nm | 15.50% | 16.50% | 4.17% | 4.77% |
470nm | 15.20% | 16.30% | 4.07% | 4.67% |
480nm | 15.10% | 16.10% | 3.98% | 4.58% |
500nm | 14.90% | 15.80% | 3.83% | 4.43% |
520nm | 14.50% | 15.50% | 3.70% | 4.30% |
540nm | 14.30% | 15.30% | 3.61% | 4.19% |
546nm | 14.20% | 15.30% | 3.59% | 4.17% |
560nm | 14.10% | 15.20% | 3.53% | 4.11% |
580nm | 14.00% | 15.00% | 3.47% | 4.05% |
589nm | 13.90% | 15.00% | 3.44% | 4.02% |
600nm | 13.90% | 14.90% | 3.43% | 3.99% |
620nm | 13.80% | 14.80% | 3.39% | 3.96% |
640nm | 13.80% | 14.80% | 3.37% | 3.93% |
660nm | 13.70% | 14.70% | 3.34% | 3.90% |
680nm | 13.60% | 14.65% | 3.32% | 3.88% |
700nm | 13.60% | 14.60% | 3.30% | 3.86% |
nm | % | % | % | % |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 17.95%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
grey
Chemistry of Symesite
Mindat Formula:
Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O
Crystallography of Symesite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.821(6) Å, b = 10.776(6) Å, c = 13.134(7) Å
α = 68.96(4)°, β = 86.52(5)°, γ = 75.65(4)°
α = 68.96(4)°, β = 86.52(5)°, γ = 75.65(4)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.819 : 1 : 1.219
Unit Cell V:
1128.4 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Aggregates of blocky crystals.
Comment:
Welch et al. (2000) use non-standard setting: space group B-1, with a = 19.727(2), b = 8.796(1), c = 13.631(2) Å, alpha = 82.21(1), beta = 78.08(1), gamma = 100.04(1)°, V = 2242.4(5) Å3, Z = 4. P > B transformation matrix is [0-1-1|100|01-1]
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0002592 | Symesite | Welch M D, Cooper M A, Hawthorne F C, Criddle A J (2000) Symesite, Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4(H2O), a new PbO-related sheet mineral: Description and crystal structure American Mineralogist 85 1526-1533 | 2000 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.911 Å | (100) |
3.286 Å | (90) |
2.955 Å | (90) |
2.793 Å | (80) |
6.573 Å | (40) |
3.768 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Symesite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, London (Specimen # BM1998,37).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidised zone of Mn-Pb-Cu deposit.
Synonyms of Symesite
Other Language Names for Symesite
Relationship of Symesite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
3 photos of Symesite associated with Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
3 photos of Symesite associated with Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
2 photos of Symesite associated with Rickturnerite | Pb7O4[Mg(OH)4](OH)Cl3 |
1 photo of Symesite associated with Chloroxiphite | Pb3CuO2Cl2(OH)2 |
1 photo of Symesite associated with Paralaurionite | PbCl(OH) |
1 photo of Symesite associated with Somersetite | Pb8O2(OH)2(CO3)5 |
1 photo of Symesite associated with Plumbonacrite | Pb5O(OH)2(CO3)3 |
1 photo of Symesite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
3.DC. | Lucabindiite | (K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br) |
3.DC. | Torrecillasite | Na(As,Sb)3+4O6Cl |
3.DC. | Gajardoite | KCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2 · 5H2O |
3.DC. | Cuatrocapaite-(NH₄) | (NH4)3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O |
3.DC. | Cuatrocapaite-(K) | K3(NaMg◻)(As2O3)6Cl6 · 16H2O |
3.DC. | Napoliite | Pb2OFCl |
3.DC.05 | Laurionite | PbCl(OH) |
3.DC.05 | Paralaurionite | PbCl(OH) |
3.DC.05 | Russoite | (NH4)ClAs2O3(H2O)0.5 |
3.DC.05 | Mauriziodiniite | (NH4)(As2O3)2I |
3.DC.10 | Fiedlerite | Pb3FCl4(OH) · H2O |
3.DC.15 | Penfieldite | Pb2Cl3(OH) |
3.DC.15 | Telluroperite | Pb3TeO4Cl2 |
3.DC.20 | Laurelite | Pb7F12Cl2 |
3.DC.25 | Bismoclite | BiOCl |
3.DC.25 | Matlockite | PbFCl |
3.DC.25 | Rorisite | CaFCl |
3.DC.25 | Zavaritskite | (BiO)F |
3.DC.25 | Zhangpeishanite | BaFCl |
3.DC.30 | Nadorite | PbSbClO2 |
3.DC.30 | Perite | PbBiClO2 |
3.DC.40 | Thorikosite | Pb3Cl2(OH)(SbO3,AsO3) |
3.DC.45 | Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
3.DC.50 | Blixite | Pb8O5(OH)2Cl4 |
3.DC.52 | Rumseyite | Pb2OClF |
3.DC.55 | Pinalite | Pb3WO5Cl2 |
3.DC.55 | Vladkrivovichevite | [Pb32O18][Pb4Mn2O]Cl14(BO3)8 · 2H2O |
3.DC.57 | Yeomanite | Pb2O(OH)Cl |
3.DC.60 | Lorettoite | Pb7O6Cl2 |
3.DC.62 | Sarawakite (of Frenzel) | Sb, O, Cl (?) |
3.DC.65 | Ecdemite | Pb6Cl4(As2O7) |
3.DC.70 | Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
3.DC.75 | Damaraite | Pb3Cl(OH)O2 |
3.DC.80 | Onoratoite | Sb8Cl2O11 |
3.DC.95 | Barstowite | Pb4Cl6(CO3) · H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Symesite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-11033.html
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References for Symesite
Reference List:
Welch, Mark D., Cooper, Mark A., Hawthorne, Frank C., Criddle, Alan J. (2000) Symesite, Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4(H2O), a new PbO-related sheet mineral: Description and crystal structure. American Mineralogist, 85 (10) 1526-1533 doi:10.2138/am-2000-1026
Localities for Symesite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany | |
| Lapis 25 (12) +1 other reference |
UK (TL) | |
| Welch et al. (2000) +2 other references |
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Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Mendip, Somerset, England, UK