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Xilingolite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About XilingoliteHide

Formula:
Pb3Bi2S6
Colour:
Lead-grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
7.08
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after its discovery locality, the Chaobuleng Fe-Zn deposit, Xilin Gol (in standard Chinese phonetics: Xilinguole) League, Inner Mongolia, China.
Dimorph of:
Ramdohrite-Lillianite Group. The monoclinic dimorph of (Ag-free) lillianite.

Compare 'UM1989-22-S:BiPb'.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
4336
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4336:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
e05b72f1-5adb-4d6b-8fb5-d79688f1a98c

IMA Classification of XilingoliteHide

Classification of XilingoliteHide

2.JB.40a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb
3.4.16.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3
5.6.29

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
XilIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of XilingoliteHide

Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Lead-grey
Streak:
Gray
Hardness:
Hardness:
VHN100=103 - Vickers
Density:
7.08 g/cm3 (Measured)    7.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of XilingoliteHide

Anisotropism:
Distinct, dark gray to gray
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1R2
405nm43.2%46.6%
436nm44.5%46.8%
480nm44.3%46.8%
526nm44.2%44.9%
546nm41.8%44.5%
578nm41.4%44.1%
589nm40.9%43.8%
622nm40.5%43.3%
644nm40.0%43.0%
656nm39.9%43.0%
664nm39.8%43.0%
700.nm37.5%41.2%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 46.8%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
White to white with blue tint.

Chemistry of XilingoliteHide

Mindat Formula:
Pb3Bi2S6
Common Impurities:
Zn,Cu,Ag,Sb

Crystallography of XilingoliteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.65 Å, b = 4.07 Å, c = 20.68 Å
β = 93°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 3.354 : 1 : 5.081
Unit Cell V:
1,147.31 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic crystals, elongated and striated on {010}
Twinning:
On {001}.
Comment:
Point Group: 2/m, 2, or m. Space Group: C2/m, C2, or Cm.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0005755XilingoliteBerlepsch P, Armbruster T, Makovicky E, Hejny C, Topa D, Graeser S (2001) The crystal structure of (001) twinned xilingolite, Pb3Bi2S6, from Mittal-Hohtenn, Valais, Switzerland The Canadian Mineralogist 39 1653-16632001Mittal-Hohtenn, Valais, Switzerland0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.386 Å(100)
2.177 Å(90)
2.073 Å(80)
2.051 Å(70)
1.955 Å(70)
1.788 Å(60)
1.396 Å(50)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33)

Type Occurrence of XilingoliteHide

Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Geology, Beijing, China, number M09456 (type).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Fe-Zn-Pb skarn.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Hong, H., Wang, X., Shi, N., Peng, Z. (1982) Xilingolite, a new sulphide of lead and bismuth, Pb3+xBi2-2/3xS6. Acta Petrologica Mineralogica et Analytica (China): 1(4): 14-18. (in Chinese with English abstract)

Synonyms of XilingoliteHide

Other Language Names for XilingoliteHide

German:Xilingolit
Simplified Chinese:锡林郭勒矿
Spanish:Xilingolita

Varieties of XilingoliteHide

Silver-bearing XilingoliteA variety of xilingolite that contains up to about 6% (w/w) of silver.

Relationship of Xilingolite to other SpeciesHide

Other Members of this group:
AndreadiniiteCuHgAg7Pb7Sb24S48Mon. 2/m : P21/b
ArsenquatrandoriteAg17.6Pb12.8Sb38.1As11.5S96Mon. 2/m : P21/b
AschamalmitePb6-3xBi2+xS9Mon. 2/m : B2/m
Clino-oscarkempffiteAg15Pb6Sb21Bi18S72Mon. 2/m : P21/b
ErzwiesiteAg8Pb12Bi16S40Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
EskimoiteAg7Pb10Bi15S36Mon.
FizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48 Mon. 2/m
GustaviteAgPbBi3S6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
HeyrovskýitePb6Bi2S9Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
HolubiteAg3Pb6(Sb8Bi3)S24Mon. 2/m
JasrouxiteAg16Pb4(Sb24As16)S72Tric. 1 : P1
LasmanisiteAg12Pb13Mn11Sb44S96Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
LillianitePb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
MenchettiiteAgPb2.40Mn1.60Sb3As2S12Mon. 2/m : P21/b
OscarkempffiteAg10Pb4(Sb17Bi9)S48Orth. mm2
OurayiteAg3Pb4Bi5S13Orth.
OyoniteAg3Mn2Pb4Sb7As4S24Mon. 2/m
QuatrandoriteAgPbSb3S6Mon. 2/m : P21/b
RamdohritePb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24Mon. 2/m
RoshchiniteAg19Pb10Sb51S96Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
SchirmeritePbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9Orth.
SenandoriteAgPbSb3S6Orth. mm2 : Pmn21
StaročeskéiteAg0.70Pb1.60(Bi1.35Sb1.35)Σ2.70S6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
TerrywallaceiteAgPb(Sb,Bi)3S6 Mon. 2/m : P21/b
TreasuriteAg7Pb6Bi15S32Mon.
UchucchacuaiteAgMnPb3Sb5S12Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm
UstarasitePb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?)
VikingiteAg5Pb8Bi13S30Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
2 photos of Xilingolite associated with CotunnitePbCl2
2 photos of Xilingolite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
1 photo of Xilingolite associated with QuartzSiO2
1 photo of Xilingolite associated with CosalitePb2Bi2S5
1 photo of Xilingolite associated with GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.JB.SenandoriteAgPbSb3S6Orth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.JB.OscarkempffiteAg10Pb4(Sb17Bi9)S48Orth. mm2
2.JB.ChukotkaiteAgPb7Sb5S15Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.ArsenquatrandoriteAg17.6Pb12.8Sb38.1As11.5S96Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.Clino-oscarkempffiteAg15Pb6Sb21Bi18S72Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.AndreadiniiteCuHgAg7Pb7Sb24S48Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.GinelfiteAg2(Ag0.5Fe)TlPb23.5(Sb,As)33.5S76Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.LazerckeriteAg3.75Pb4.50(Sb7.75Bi4)S24Mon. 2/m
2.JB.LasmanisiteAg12Pb13Mn11Sb44S96Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
2.JB.MontpelvouxiteAgPb16Sb27As18S84Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.SelenojunoiteCu2Pb3Bi8Se16Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.05DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.10CosalitePb2Bi2S5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.15FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.15MarriteAgPbAsS3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.20CannizzaritePb48Bi56S132Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.JB.20WittitePb9Bi12(S,Se)27Mon.
2.JB.25aJunoiteCu2Pb3Bi8(S,Se)16Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25iNeyiteAg2Cu6Pb25Bi26S68Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25cNordströmiteCuPb3Bi7(Se4S10)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.JB.25gNuffielditeCu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.25dProuditeCuPb7.5Bi9.33(S,Se)22Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25hWeibullitePb5Bi8Se7S11Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25bFelbertaliteCu2Pb6Bi8S19Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25jRouxeliteCu2HgPb23Sb27S65.5Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25fÁngelaiteCu2AgPbBiS4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25iCuproneyiteCu7Pb27Bi25S68Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.30aGeocronitePb14Sb6S23Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.JB.30aJordanitePb14As6S23Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.JB.30bKirkiitePb10Bi3As3S19Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.JB.30cTsugaruitePb28As15S50ClOrth. mm2 : Pnn2
2.JB.30aMarcobaldiitePb12(Sb3As2Bi)Σ6S21Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.30aArsenmarcobaldiitePb12(As3.2Sb2.8)Σ6S21Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.35cPillaitePb9Sb10S23ClO0.5Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35aZinkenitePb9Sb22S42Hex. 6 : P63
2.JB.35bScainiitePb14Sb30S54O5Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35dPellouxite(Cu,Ag)Pb10Sb12S27O(Cl,S)0.6Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35fTubuliteAg2Pb22Sb20S53 Mon. m : Pb
2.JB.35eChovanitePb15-2xSb14+2xS36Ox (x ~ 0.2)Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40bAschamalmitePb6-3xBi2+xS9Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40aBursaitePb5Bi4S11 (?)Orth.
2.JB.40bEskimoiteAg7Pb10Bi15S36Mon.
2.JB.40aFizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48 Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40aGustaviteAgPbBi3S6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.40aLillianitePb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.40cOurayiteAg3Pb4Bi5S13Orth.
2.JB.40aRamdohritePb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40aRoshchiniteAg19Pb10Sb51S96Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.40dSchirmeritePbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9Orth.
2.JB.40aTreasuriteAg7Pb6Bi15S32Mon.
2.JB.40aUchucchacuaiteAgMnPb3Sb5S12Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm
2.JB.40eUstarasitePb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?)
2.JB.40aVikingiteAg5Pb8Bi13S30Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40bHeyrovskýitePb6Bi2S9Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
2.JB.40UM1988-05-S:AgBiCuHgPb(Hg,Ag,Cu,Pb)5Pb5Bi11S27
2.JB.40UM1988-06-S:AgBiCuHgPb(Pb,Hg)12(Cu,Ag)3(Bi,Sb)10(S,Te)27
2.JB.40aQuatrandoriteAgPbSb3S6Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.40aMenchettiiteAgPb2.40Mn1.60Sb3As2S12Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.40aTerrywallaceiteAgPb(Sb,Bi)3S6 Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.JB.40aJasrouxiteAg16Pb4(Sb24As16)S72Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.40aErzwiesiteAg8Pb12Bi16S40Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40aStaročeskéiteAg0.70Pb1.60(Bi1.35Sb1.35)Σ2.70S6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40aOyoniteAg3Mn2Pb4Sb7As4S24Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40aHolubiteAg3Pb6(Sb8Bi3)S24Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40bBaiamareiteAg4Pb12Fe4Sb20S48Mon. 2/m
2.JB.55GratonitePb9As4S15Trig. 3m : R3m
2.JB.60MarrucciiteHg3Pb16Sb18S46Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.65VurroitePb20Sn2(Bi,As)22S54Cl6Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.65TazieffitePb20Cd2(As,Bi)22S50Cl10Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.70DaliranitePbHgAs2S5Mon.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for XilingoliteHide

References for XilingoliteHide

Localities for XilingoliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Spittal an der Drau District
      • Flattach
        • Wurten
Kolitsch (2012)
  • Salzburg
    • Tamsweg District
      • Muhr
        • Rotgülden
          • Lower Rotgülden lake
rruff.info (n.d.)
    • Zell am See District
      • Neukirchen am Großvenediger
        • Abichl Alp - Beryller area
Kolitsch et al. (2011)
China (TL)
 
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Xilingol League (Xilinguole Prefecture)
      • East Ujimqin Banner (Dongwuzhumuqin Co.; Dongwu Qi)
Hong Huidi et al. (1982)
  • Jiangxi
    • Ganzhou
      • Yudu Co.
Yingchen Ren (1999)
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Tavagnasco
Ciriotti et al. (2019)
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Nuxis
Deidda et al. (2022)
Sweden
 
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
      • Persberg ore district
        • Gåsgruvan ore field
Strand (2017)
Switzerland
 
  • Valais
    • Westlich Raron
      • Steg-Hohtenn
        • Mittal
Schweizer Strahler 4/2001 p 19-23 +2 other references
USA
 
  • Michigan
    • Marquette County
      • Ishpeming Greenstone belt (Marquette Greenstone belt)
Travis Olds collection
  • New Mexico
    • Luna County
      • Victorio Mountains
Robert E Walstrom (2015)
Walstrom (n.d.)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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