Zaratite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered - questionable
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About Zaratite
Formula:
Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
Colour:
Emerald-green; green in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
2.57 - 2.649
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named after Antonio Gil y Zarate (1 December 1793, El Escorial, Madrid, Spain – 27 January 1861, Madrid, Spain), dramatist.
Type Locality:
A secondary nickel carbonate of uncertain and apparently variable composition.
Garcia-Guinea et al. (2014) concluded that "zaratite" should not deserve a species status. Their samples taken from various localities proved to be low-crystalline anhydrous zaratite, nullaginite, or gaspéite, all differing in Ni/C/H ratios.
See also hellyerite.
Garcia-Guinea et al. (2014) concluded that "zaratite" should not deserve a species status. Their samples taken from various localities proved to be low-crystalline anhydrous zaratite, nullaginite, or gaspéite, all differing in Ni/C/H ratios.
See also hellyerite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4388
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4388:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
9c77c069-9f37-4b18-9666-0684ece96a00
IMA Classification of Zaratite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959), Questionable
IMA Formula:
Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Type description reference:
Classification of Zaratite
5.DA.15
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
D : Carbonates with additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
16b.4.1.1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : AmBn(XO3)pZqxH2O & with (m+n):p = 3:1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : AmBn(XO3)pZq
11.14.6
11 : Carbonates
14 : Carbonates of Co and Ni
11 : Carbonates
14 : Carbonates of Co and Ni
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Zar | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Zaratite
Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Emerald-green; green in transmitted light.
Streak:
Light green
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.57 - 2.649 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.67 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Zaratite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 1.597 nβ = 1.602 nγ = 1.609 n = 1.56 - 1.62
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.012
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Emerald green (fiber length)
Yellowish green (perpendicular to fiber length).
Yellowish green (perpendicular to fiber length).
Chemistry of Zaratite
Mindat Formula:
Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Mg
Crystallography of Zaratite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.16 Å
Unit Cell V:
233.74 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Incrustations; small stalactititic; minute mammillary. Microcrystalline structure; massive, compact.
Comment:
Crystal Data: n.d. Point Group: n.d.; Cell Data: Space Group: n.d. Z = n.d
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
5.07 Å | (vs) |
8.93 Å | (s) |
2.45 Å | (s) |
2.73 Å | (m) |
2.00 Å | (mw) |
1.91 Å | (w) |
1.55 Å | (w) |
Comments:
; diffuse pattern, probably of a mixture
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Geological Setting:
Basic igneous rocks and serpentinites.
Type Occurrence of Zaratite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Martinez Alcibar A (1850) Raro é importante mineral de niquel. Revista Minera 1, 302-306
Synonyms of Zaratite
Other Language Names for Zaratite
German:Nickel Smaragd
Zaratit
Zavalit
Zaratit
Zavalit
Simplified Chinese:翠镍矿
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
22 photos of Zaratite associated with Heazlewoodite | Ni3S2 |
19 photos of Zaratite associated with Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
14 photos of Zaratite associated with Millerite | NiS |
12 photos of Zaratite associated with Hellyerite | NiCO3 · 5.5H2O |
6 photos of Zaratite associated with Reevesite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
6 photos of Zaratite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
5 photos of Zaratite associated with Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
4 photos of Zaratite associated with Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
2 photos of Zaratite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
2 photos of Zaratite associated with Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
5.DA. | Alexkhomyakovite | K6(Ca2Na)(CO3)5Cl · 6H2O |
5.DA. | Amoraite | Ca12Al6(OH)36(CO3)2(SO3) · 15H2O |
5.DA.05 | Dypingite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O |
5.DA.05 | Giorgiosite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5-6H2O |
5.DA.05 | Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
5.DA.05 | Widgiemoolthalite | Ni5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O |
5.DA.05 | UM1986-10-CO:ClHMgMnZn (also called Mineral F, Dunn, 1995) | Mg5(Zn,Mn)3(CO3)2(OH,Cl)12 · H2O |
5.DA.05 | UM1987-01-CO:HMgS | Mg4(CO3)2(OH)4 · 6H2O ? |
5.DA.10 | Artinite | Mg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O |
5.DA.10 | Indigirite | Mg2Al2(CO3)4(OH)2 · 15H2O |
5.DA.10 | Chlorartinite | Mg2(CO3)(OH)Cl · 2H2O |
5.DA.15 | Otwayite | Ni2(CO3)(OH)2 · H2O |
5.DA.20 | Kambaldaite | NaNi4(CO3)3(OH)3 · 3H2O |
5.DA.25 | Callaghanite | Cu2Mg2(CO3)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
5.DA.30 | Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
5.DA.35 | Hydroscarbroite | Al14(CO3)3(OH)36 · nH2O |
5.DA.35 | Scarbroite | Al5(CO3)(OH)13 · 5H2O |
5.DA.40 | Caresite | Fe2+4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
5.DA.40 | Quintinite | Mg4Al2(OH)12(CO3) · 3H2O |
5.DA.40 | Charmarite | Mn2+4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
5.DA.40 | Karchevskyite | Mg18Al9(OH)54Sr2(CO3)9(H2O)6 (H3O)5 |
5.DA.40 | UM1987-05-OH:AlCMg | Mg4Al2(OH)12(CO3,SO4) · 3H2O |
5.DA.45 | Stichtite-2H | Mg6(Cr,Al)2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
5.DA.45 | Brugnatellite | Mg6Fe3+(CO3)(OH)13 · 4H2O |
5.DA.45 | Chlormagaluminite | Mg4Al2(OH)12Cl2 · 3H2O |
5.DA.45 | Hydrotalcite-2H | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
5.DA.45 | Pyroaurite-2H | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
5.DA.45 | Zaccagnaite | Zn4Al2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
5.DA.45 | Liudongshengite | Zn4Cr2(OH)12(CO3) · 3H2O |
5.DA.50 | Comblainite | Ni4Co2(OH)12[CO3] · 3H2O |
5.DA.50 | Desautelsite | Mg6Mn3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
5.DA.50 | Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
5.DA.50 | Pyroaurite | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
5.DA.50 | Reevesite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
5.DA.50 | Stichtite | Mg6Cr3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
5.DA.50 | Takovite | Ni6Al2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O |
5.DA.50 | Kaznakhtite | Ni6Co3+2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
5.DA.55 | Coalingite | Mg10Fe3+2(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O |
5.DA.55 | Akopovaite | Al4Li2(OH)12(CO3)(H2O)3 |
5.DA.60 | Šlikite | Zn2Mg(CO3)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
5.DA.65 | Marklite | Cu5(CO3)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Readily soluble in heated dilute HCl with effervescence.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
None.
Internet Links for Zaratite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4388.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Zaratite
Localities for Zaratite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Madigan (1939) |
| investigation of the type specimen from ... +3 other references |
Palache et al. (1951) | |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
Bottrill et al. (2008) | |
| R Botttrill |
Austria | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Meixner (1952) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Meixner (1959) |
Czech Republic | |
| Duda +1 other reference |
Řídkošil | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
Greenland | |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
India | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Iran | |
| Bariand et al. (1993) |
Italy | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Bedognè et al. (1993) |
| Piccoli (1980) +2 other references |
Japan | |
| Arai +4 other references |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
New Zealand | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Grapes et al. (1999) |
Russia | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
Spain | |
| Romero Silva JC (2003) |
Romero Silva JC (2003) | |
Romero Silva JC (2003) | |
| Romero Silva (2003) |
| Romero Silva JC (2003) |
| Romero Silva JC (2003) |
| Joan Abella i Creus (Joanabellacreus@gmail.com) |
| investigation of the type specimen from ... +3 other references |
UK | |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Day (1999) |
| Heddle (1878) |
Palache et al. (1951) | |
USA | |
| Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333 |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Anonymous (1962) +1 other reference |
| Hanks (1884) +1 other reference |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| [… (abstract) +2 other references |
being a report of the California State ... +5 other references | |
| Hanks (1884) +1 other reference |
Bradley et al. (1918) +1 other reference | |
| Cronise (1868) +1 other reference |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 234. +2 other references |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Foord et al. (1981) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Mineralogy of Pennsylvania - 1922 +1 other reference |
| Pearre et al. (1960) |
The Mineralogy of Pennsylvania +4 other references | |
Geyer et al. (1976) +1 other reference | |
| Mineralogy of Pennsylvania-1922 +1 other reference |
| American Republican (Chester Co., Newspaper) +3 other references |
| Lapham & Geyer |
| Rocks & Min.: 17:344. |
| Rocks & Minerals: 66 (3) |
| Rocks & Minerals: 66 (3) |
| Crook et al. (1978) +1 other reference |
| Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996) |
Smock (1883) | |
| Valentine et al. (1960) +2 other references |
| AmMin 44:995-1009 |
Bagrowski (1940) |
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Lord Brassey Mine, Heazlewood district, Waratah-Wynyard municipality, Tasmania, Australia