Ramsbeckite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Ramsbeckite
Formula:
(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
The Cu:Zn ratio is slightly variable.
Colour:
Green
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
3.39
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named after town of Ramsbeck, Germany, near the type locality.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3358
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3358:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
521cd0e1-3558-4468-94fa-f05695119d02
IMA Classification of Ramsbeckite
Classification of Ramsbeckite
7.DD.60
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
31.4.9.1
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : (AB)4(XO4)Zq·xH2O
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : (AB)4(XO4)Zq·xH2O
25.5.5
25 : Sulphates
5 : Sulphates of Zn and Hg
25 : Sulphates
5 : Sulphates of Zn and Hg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Rbe | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Ramsbeckite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Ramsbeckite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Green
Streak:
Light green
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
3.39(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.37 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Ramsbeckite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.635(5) nβ = 1.675(5) nγ = 1.680(5)
2V:
Measured: 37.0° (5), Calculated: 38.0°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.045
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r > v
Optical Extinction:
X ≈ c; Y = a; Z ≈ b.
Chemistry of Ramsbeckite
Mindat Formula:
(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
The Cu:Zn ratio is slightly variable.
The Cu:Zn ratio is slightly variable.
Crystallography of Ramsbeckite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 16.06 Å, b = 15.57 Å, c = 7.1 Å
β = 90.2°
β = 90.2°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.031 : 1 : 0.456
Unit Cell V:
1,775.37 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Equant to tabular (001) rhomb-shaped crystals showing {001}, {210}, and commonly {110}.
Comment:
Space group P21/a. Unit-cell parameters are slightly variable, depending on Cu:Zn ratio: a = 16.088–16.110, b = 15.576–15.602, c = 7.102–7.112 A, β = 90.0-90.27°.
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0014821 | Ramsbeckite | Effenberger H (1988) Ramsbeckite, (Cu,Zn)15(OH)22(SO4)4*6(H2O): Revision of the chemical formula based on a structure determination Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988 38-48 | 1988 | Bastenberg mine, Ramsbeck, Sauerland, Germany | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
7.090 Å | (100) |
4.40 Å | (12) |
3.549 Å | (25) |
3.254 Å | (13) |
3.244 Å | (11) |
3.232 Å | (12) |
1.776 Å | (20) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
55 : Anthropogenic mine minerals | |
56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Type Occurrence of Ramsbeckite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Equant to tabular rhomb-shaped crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mineralogische Sammlungen, Mineralogisch-Petrographisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, number 6.4.4.2 (holotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Recent weathering of Cu- and Zn-bearing ore minerals in an abandoned adit and in mine dumps.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Ramsbeckite
Other Language Names for Ramsbeckite
Relationship of Ramsbeckite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Bechererite | Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)] | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Guarinoite | Zn6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O | Hex. |
Hanahanite | [Zn8(OH)14(SO4)] · 3H2O | Hex. 6 : P63 |
Haywoodite | [Pb(H2O)10][Zn12(OH)20(H2O)(SO4)3] | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Hodgesmithite | (Cu,Zn)6Zn(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Osakaite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Thérèsemagnanite | NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Tzeferisite | CaZn8(SO4)2(OH)12Cl2(H2O)9 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
45 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Schulenbergite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
34 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
30 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Anglesite | PbSO4 |
25 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
16 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
12 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
11 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Lautenthalite | PbCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
10 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Susannite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
9 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
8 photos of Ramsbeckite associated with Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.DD. | Asagiite | NiCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.05 | Felsőbányaite | Al4(SO4)(OH)10 · 4H2O |
7.DD.07 | Llantenesite | Cu6Al[SeO4](OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
7.DD.10 | Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
7.DD.10 | Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
7.DD.10 | Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
7.DD.10 | Gobelinite | CoCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.10 | Fehrite | MgCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.15 | Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
7.DD.15 | Kobyashevite | Cu5(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.15 | Unnamed (Dimorph of Devilline) | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.20 | Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.25 | Christelite | Cu2Zn3(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.30 | Campigliaite | Mn2+Cu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.30 | Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.30 | Orthoserpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.30 | Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.30 | Niedermayrite | CdCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.30 | Edwardsite | Cu3Cd2(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.35 | Carrboydite | (Ni1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Glaucocerinite | (Zn1-xAlx)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Honessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Motukoreaite | Mg6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Mountkeithite | [(Mg1-xFe3+x)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Shigaite | Mn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Wermlandite | Mg7Al2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Woodwardite | Cu1-xAlx(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Zincaluminite | Zn6Al6(SO4)2(OH)16 · 5H2O |
7.DD.35 | Hydrowoodwardite | (Cu1-xAlx)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Zincowoodwardite | Zn1-xAlx(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Natroglaucocerinite | Zn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Nikischerite | Fe2+6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.40 | Isselite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O |
7.DD.40 | Lawsonbauerite | (Mn2+,Mg)9Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
7.DD.40 | Torreyite | (Mg,Mn2+)7◻2Mn2+2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
7.DD.45 | Mooreite | Mg9◻2Mn2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)26 · 8H2O |
7.DD.45 | Hodgesmithite | (Cu,Zn)6Zn(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
7.DD.47 | Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.50 | Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.50 | Minohlite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 8H2O |
7.DD.52 | Lauraniite | Cu6Cd2(SO4)2(OH)12 · 5H2O |
7.DD.55 | Bechererite | Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)] |
7.DD.65 | Vonbezingite | Ca6Cu3(SO4)3(OH)12 · 2H2O |
7.DD.70 | Redgillite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O |
7.DD.75 | Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
7.DD.75 | Nickelalumite | NiAl4(SO4)(OH)12(H2O)3 |
7.DD.75 | Kyrgyzstanite | ZnAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
7.DD.80 | Guarinoite | Zn6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O |
7.DD.80 | Schulenbergite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
7.DD.80 | Thérèsemagnanite | NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
7.DD.80 | UM1992-30-SO:CCuHZn | (Zn,Cu)7(SO4,CO3)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
7.DD.85 | Montetrisaite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 2H2O |
Other Information
IR Spectrum:
Strong peaks at 3390, 3160, 1600, 1110, and 600 cm-1.
Notes:
Completely soluble in dilute mineral acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Ramsbeckite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3358.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Ramsbeckite
Reference List:
Localities for Ramsbeckite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Harris et al. (2003) |
Austria | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
Puttner | |
| Puttner (1996) |
| 50. +1 other reference |
Brazil | |
| Santos et al. (2023) |
Czech Republic | |
| RÜSENBERG et al. (1996) |
France | |
| Remy Ph. (2003) |
| Jean Claude Dol |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| BERBAIN et al. (2010) |
Germany | |
| |
| Lapis (1) |
"Lithothek" collection of the ... | |
| |
| van den Berg et al. (1990) |
| van den Berg et al. (1990) |
| Neues Jahrb. Mineral. +1 other reference |
| Leon Hupperichs collection |
| Der Aufschluss 2000 (2) |
| Henrich (2009) |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1987) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Lapis 1988 (1) |
Heckmann et al. (1990) | |
| Weiß (1990) |
Weiß (1990) | |
Henrich (2007) | |
| www.mineralienfreunde-der-pfalz.de (2015) |
| Graf et al. (1991) |
| added by Frank de Wit |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Der Aufschluss Vol.55 |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Marko Burkhardt Collection |
| Wittern (2001) |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2018) |
Hungary | |
| GEODA 2007/1 +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Tumiati et al. (2005) |
| Orlandi et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Preite et al. (2007) |
| Single-crystal X-ray diffraction at ... |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2013) |
| Chinellato Matteo |
| Muenchener Micromounter-Lithothek |
| Orlandi P. & Perchiazzi N. (1989) +1 other reference |
American Mineralogist | |
Pegoraro S. et al. (2009) | |
Orlandi et al. (1989) +1 other reference | |
| Saccardo D. et al. (Torrebelvicino, Vicenza) |
| Boscardin M. et al. (2011) |
Japan | |
| Masayuki Ohnishi et al. (2011) |
| Ohnishi et al. (2001) +2 other references |
| Ohnishi et al. (2011) |
Luxembourg | |
| Activity report 1998 of the Musée ... |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
| Alves (2017) |
Alves (2017) | |
Romania | |
| G.Koller 2008-2009 |
Slovenia | |
| Palaeozoic or Tertiary ore ... +1 other reference |
Spain | |
| Rewitzer et al. (part 2) |
Switzerland | |
| - (n.d.) +1 other reference |
UK | |
| Steve Rust |
| - (2006) +1 other reference |
- (2006) | |
| Bridges et al. (2011) |
Pluth et al. (2005) | |
| Rust (1995) |
| Day (1999) |
| |
| Day (1999) |
| S.Rust Collection |
| Green et al. (1996) +2 other references |
| Mason et al. (1997) |
| S.Rust Collection |
| Day (1999) |
USA | |
| RRUFF Project Specimen ID: R050295 |
| L. Rantos collection (Athens, Greece) +4 other references |
| Peacor et al. (1987) |
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Bastenberg Mine, Ramsbeck, Bestwig, Hochsauerlandkreis, Arnsberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany