Namuwite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Namuwite
Formula:
Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O
May contain considerable Cu; measured Zn:Cu ratios in samples from different localities: 2.5:1.5; 2.3:1.7; 3.3:0.8.
Colour:
Sea green
Lustre:
Pearly
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.77
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
An acronym for the NAtional MUseum of Wales.
Type Locality:
Probably the Zn analogue of UM2003-20-SO:CuHZn. Compare the closely related (but Cu-free) Unnamed (Basic Zinc Sulphate Hydrate).
Note: Well-developed, tabular "Namuwite" crystals from some slag localities in the Harz mountains, Germany, are in fact Unnamed (Gordaite-related Ca-Zn Sulphate Chloride Hydrate) (U. Kolitsch, unpubl. data).
May appear visually similar to schulenbergite and minohlite.
Note: Well-developed, tabular "Namuwite" crystals from some slag localities in the Harz mountains, Germany, are in fact Unnamed (Gordaite-related Ca-Zn Sulphate Chloride Hydrate) (U. Kolitsch, unpubl. data).
May appear visually similar to schulenbergite and minohlite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2837
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2837:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
9b118c5f-fc16-48fe-a0e4-efd2d8c5232f
IMA Classification of Namuwite
Approved
First published:
1982
Classification of Namuwite
7.DD.50
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
31.4.7.1
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : (AB)4(XO4)Zq·xH2O
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : (AB)4(XO4)Zq·xH2O
25.5.3
25 : Sulphates
5 : Sulphates of Zn and Hg
25 : Sulphates
5 : Sulphates of Zn and Hg
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Nmw | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Namuwite
Pearly
Colour:
Sea green
Streak:
Pale green
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
(0001)
(0001)
Density:
2.77 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.81 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Namuwite
Type:
Uniaxial
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Crystal form did not allow for accurate measure of refractive index of extraordinary ray.
Chemistry of Namuwite
Mindat Formula:
Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O
May contain considerable Cu; measured Zn:Cu ratios in samples from different localities: 2.5:1.5; 2.3:1.7; 3.3:0.8.
May contain considerable Cu; measured Zn:Cu ratios in samples from different localities: 2.5:1.5; 2.3:1.7; 3.3:0.8.
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Namuwite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3 - Rhombohedral
Space Group:
P3
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.330(1) Å, c = 10.540(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.265
Unit Cell V:
633.38 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
60 micron hexagonal plates.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0001775 | Namuwite | Groat L A (1996) The crystal structure of namuwite, a mineral with Zn in tetrahedral and octahedral coordination, and its relationship to the synthetic basic zinc sulfates American Mineralogist 81 238-243 | 1996 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
10.59 Å | (100) |
4.15 Å | (25) |
2.71 Å | (42) |
2.63 Å | (41) |
2.41 Å | (22) |
1.57 Å | (23) |
1.55 Å | (20) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
55 : Anthropogenic mine minerals | |
56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Type Occurrence of Namuwite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Rounded encrustation, seemingly amorphous to the naked eye. Using SEM, seen as aggregates of subperfect hexagonal plates up to 60 µm across.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, 27.111.GR414.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1983,341.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 150334.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1983,341.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 150334.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Breccia of fragments of black pyritiferous slate, cemented by Zn-bearing and other minerals.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Bevins, R.E., Turgoose, S., Williams, P.A. (1982): Namuwite, (Zn,Cu)4SO4(OH)6·4H2O, a new mineral from Wales. Mineralogical Magazine, 46, 51-54.
Synonyms of Namuwite
Other Language Names for Namuwite
Relationship of Namuwite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Bechererite | Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)] | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Guarinoite | Zn6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O | Hex. |
Hanahanite | [Zn8(OH)14(SO4)] · 3H2O | Hex. 6 : P63 |
Haywoodite | [Pb(H2O)10][Zn12(OH)20(H2O)(SO4)3] | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Hodgesmithite | (Cu,Zn)6Zn(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Osakaite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Ramsbeckite | (Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O | Mon. 2/m |
Thérèsemagnanite | NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O | Trig. 3 : P3 |
Tzeferisite | CaZn8(SO4)2(OH)12Cl2(H2O)9 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
9 photos of Namuwite associated with Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
8 photos of Namuwite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
7 photos of Namuwite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
6 photos of Namuwite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
4 photos of Namuwite associated with Schulenbergite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
4 photos of Namuwite associated with Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
4 photos of Namuwite associated with Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
3 photos of Namuwite associated with Orthoserpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
2 photos of Namuwite associated with Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
2 photos of Namuwite associated with Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.DD. | Asagiite | NiCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.05 | Felsőbányaite | Al4(SO4)(OH)10 · 4H2O |
7.DD.07 | Llantenesite | Cu6Al[SeO4](OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
7.DD.10 | Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
7.DD.10 | Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
7.DD.10 | Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
7.DD.10 | Gobelinite | CoCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.10 | Fehrite | MgCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.15 | Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
7.DD.15 | Kobyashevite | Cu5(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.15 | Unnamed (Dimorph of Devilline) | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.20 | Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
7.DD.25 | Christelite | Cu2Zn3(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.30 | Campigliaite | Mn2+Cu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.30 | Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.30 | Orthoserpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.30 | Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.30 | Niedermayrite | CdCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.30 | Edwardsite | Cu3Cd2(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DD.35 | Carrboydite | (Ni1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Glaucocerinite | (Zn1-xAlx)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Honessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Motukoreaite | Mg6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Mountkeithite | [(Mg1-xFe3+x)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Shigaite | Mn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Wermlandite | Mg7Al2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Woodwardite | Cu1-xAlx(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Zincaluminite | Zn6Al6(SO4)2(OH)16 · 5H2O |
7.DD.35 | Hydrowoodwardite | (Cu1-xAlx)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Zincowoodwardite | Zn1-xAlx(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
7.DD.35 | Natroglaucocerinite | Zn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.35 | Nikischerite | Fe2+6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.DD.40 | Isselite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O |
7.DD.40 | Lawsonbauerite | (Mn2+,Mg)9Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
7.DD.40 | Torreyite | (Mg,Mn2+)7◻2Mn2+2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
7.DD.45 | Mooreite | Mg9◻2Mn2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)26 · 8H2O |
7.DD.45 | Hodgesmithite | (Cu,Zn)6Zn(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
7.DD.47 | Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DD.50 | Minohlite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 8H2O |
7.DD.52 | Lauraniite | Cu6Cd2(SO4)2(OH)12 · 5H2O |
7.DD.55 | Bechererite | Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)] |
7.DD.60 | Ramsbeckite | (Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O |
7.DD.65 | Vonbezingite | Ca6Cu3(SO4)3(OH)12 · 2H2O |
7.DD.70 | Redgillite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O |
7.DD.75 | Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
7.DD.75 | Nickelalumite | NiAl4(SO4)(OH)12(H2O)3 |
7.DD.75 | Kyrgyzstanite | ZnAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
7.DD.80 | Guarinoite | Zn6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O |
7.DD.80 | Schulenbergite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
7.DD.80 | Thérèsemagnanite | NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
7.DD.80 | UM1992-30-SO:CCuHZn | (Zn,Cu)7(SO4,CO3)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
7.DD.85 | Montetrisaite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Namuwite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2837.html
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Mineral Dealers:
References for Namuwite
Reference List:
Bevins, Richard E., Turgoose, Stephen, Williams, Peter A. (1982) Namuwite, (Zn,Cu)4SO4(OH)6.4H2O, a new mineral from Wales. Mineralogical Magazine, 46 (338) 51-54 doi:10.1180/minmag.1982.046.338.09
Fleischer, Michael, Pabst, Adolf (1983) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 68 (1-2) 280-283 p.281
Localities for Namuwite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Elliott (2010) |
Austria | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
Puttner | |
| Puttner (1996) |
| Poeverlein (2008) |
| Auer (2023) |
| Schnorrer et al. (2008) |
Czech Republic | |
| RÜSENBERG et al. (1996) |
France | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
Germany | |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) |
| Lapis (1) |
"Lithothek" collection of the ... | |
| Niels van Velzen collection Mindat ... |
| van den Berg et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Neschen (n.d.) | |
| Groat (1996) |
| C.Auer (2021) |
Schnorrer-Köhler (1988) | |
| Günther SCHNORRER-KÖHLER |
| Schnorrer (1993) +1 other reference |
| |
| www.mg-mineralien-fossilien.de (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| 62. +2 other references |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1987) |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| Habel et al. (2009) |
| GRAF (1992) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Graf et al. (1991) |
| Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen et al. (Munich) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Der Aufschluss Vol.55 |
| 58 (in German) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Mineralien Welt 15 Jg.Heft 2 ... |
| Loomis (1999) |
| Gröbner J. et al. (2006) |
| Wittern (2001) |
Greece | |
| Katerinopoulos et al. (1994) |
| |
| Branko Rieck collection |
Schnorrer-Köhler et al. (1988) | |
ko.jansen +1 other reference | |
Gelaude et al. (1996) | |
Italy | |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2018) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2021) |
| Bonotti et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
| Muenchener Micromounter-Lithothek |
| Sergio Pegoraro et al. (2022) +2 other references |
| Pegoraro S. et al. (2009) |
Orlandi (2013) | |
Pegoraro S. et al. (2009) | |
| C. Lemanski (6787CL) +1 other reference |
Morocco | |
| Georges Favreau collection |
Namibia | |
| von Bezing (2007) |
Norway | |
| Rune S. Selbekk (2010) |
| Raade (1993) +1 other reference |
Poland | |
| Nowinska (2020) |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
Romania | |
| G.Koller |
| Januszewska et al. (9th Meeting of the Mineralogical Society of Poland 28th Meeting of the Petrology group of the Mineralogical Society of Poland, October 19-22, 2023, Bielawa, Poland) |
Slovenia | |
| Palaeozoic or Tertiary ore ... +1 other reference |
UK | |
| American Mineralogist +2 other references |
| Self collected David Clayton |
| Rust (1995) |
| S.Rust Collection. |
| S. Rust collection |
| Day (1999) |
| S. Rust collection |
| Green et al. (1996) +2 other references |
| Bevins et al. (1982) |
| Groat (1996) +1 other reference |
| Groat (1996) |
USA | |
| Collected by Patrick Haynes |
| Anthony et al. (2016) |
| Anthony Kampf PXRD and EDS analysis. ... |
| Rocks & Minerals 83:1 pp 52-62 |
| In the collection of Alex Earl |
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Frongoch Mine, Pontrhydygroes, Upper Llanfihangell-y-Creuddyn, Ceredigion, Wales, UK