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Melilite Group

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Big Photo

Gugiaite
Seula mine (ex Montecatini quarry), Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
© sergio varvello

Show Melilite Group Photos (82)



Formula:
Ca
 
2
M(XSiO
 
7
)


A group of tetragonal soro-silicates with a disilicate anion (Si2O7)6- or a derivative thereof and the general formula given above, where M denotes a small- to medium-sized divalent or trivalent cation and X is Si, Al or B. In general, Al or B replace one Si atom when M is a trivalent ion, but the charge can also be balanced by coupled substitution of Ca2+ with a monovalent ion and M3+ with M2+, such as in Alumoåkermanite, where Al3+ is still dominant on the M-site but the mineral is far from end-member composition.

A large number of synthetic members are known.

Classification of Melilite Group

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Chemical Properties of Melilite Group

Formula:
Ca
 
2
M(XSiO
 
7
)

Relationship of Melilite Group to other Species

Group Members:
Åkermanite
Ca
 
2
Mg(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Alumoåkermanite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Al,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Gehlenite
Ca
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
7
)
Gugiaite
Ca
 
2
Be(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Hardystonite
Ca
 
2
Zn(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
Okayamalite
Ca
 
2
B(BSiO
 
7
)

Other Names for Melilite Group

Synonyms:
Melilite
Other Languages:

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

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    • Localities for Melilite Group

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Leigh Creek
    		[Gehlenite] Baker, G. (1953): Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 76, 1-20.
    Austria
     
    • Burgenland
      • Oberpullendorf
        • Kobersdorf
          • Pauliberg Mt.
    		[Gehlenite] U. Kolitsch, W. Postl, H.-P. Bojar and W. Trattner (2009): Die Mineralvorkommen im Basalt des Pauliberges. In: Autorenkollektiv (Red. M. A. Götzinger und P. Huber) (2009): Die Mineralien des Burgenlandes - Geologie, Mineralogie und mineralische Rohstoffe. – Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Band 126, Amt der Burgenländischen Landesregierung, Abteilung 7 - Landesmuseum, Eisenstadt, 83-99.
    • Styria
      • Bad Radkersburg
        • Klöch
    		[Gehlenite] R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Cameroon
     
    • South-West Region
      • Buea
        • Cameroon Mt.
    		[Alumoåkermanite] Fitton, G.J., Hughes D.J. (1981): Strontian melilite in a nephelinite lava from Etinde, Cameroon, Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 44, pp. 261-264
    Canada
     
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Labrador
    		[Åkermanite] Am Min 85:1595–1605, (2000)
    • Québec
      • Laurentides
        • Deux-Montagnes RCM
          • Oka
            • Oka complex
    		[Åkermanite] Sabina (1968)
          • Saint-Joseph-du-Lac
            • Oka complex
    		[Åkermanite] Sabina (1968)
      • Montréal
    		[Gehlenite] Dolan (1923)
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Huaibei Prefecture
        • Suixi Co.
          • Sanpu ore field
    		[Gehlenite] Yiming Zhao, Yinan Zhang, and Chengsi Bi (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 14, 227-249.
    • Jiangsu Province
      • Suzhou Prefecture
        • Zhangjiagang Co.
          • Tangqiao
    		[Gugiaite] Peng Chi-Jui, Tsao Rung-Lung, and Chou Zu-Rin (1962): Scientia Sinica 11 (7), 977-988.
    • Tibet Autonomous Region
      • Shannan (Lhokha; Lhoka) Prefecture
        • Qusum (Qusong) Co.
    		[Gehlenite] Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggan Yan, and Zhongming Zhang (2001): Earth Science Frontiers 8(3), 111-121
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg)
          • Poličany
            • Vrchlice river valley
    		[Åkermanite] Pauliš P. Mineralogické lokality okolí Kutné Hory. Kuttna, Kutná Hora 1999. ISBN 80-902719-0-1.
      • Ústí Region
        • Duchcov (Dux)
    		[Åkermanite] Žáček V., Skála R., Chlupáčová M., Dvořák Z. 2005: Ca-Fe3+-rich, Si-undersaturated buchite from Želénky, North-Bohemian Brown Coal Basin, Czech Republic. Eur. J. Mineral., 17, 623-633
        • Most
    		Žáček V, Skála R., Dvořák Z.: Spinelidy v pyrometamorfovaných horninách Mostecké pánve. Minerál, 2010, 18, 1, 21-31.
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Bad Harzburg
    		[Gehlenite] No reference listed
        • Goslar
          • Astfeld
    		[Åkermanite] No reference listed
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Daun
          • Üdersdorf
    		[Gehlenite] Schüller, W., Betz, V., Die Mineralien vom Emmelberg, Lapis 12/1986
        • Laach lake volcanic complex
          • Wassenach
    		[Gehlenite] Hentschel, G., (1987): Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag, München (second edition)
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
    		[Åkermanite] [Blass, G., Graf, H.W., Neue Mineralienfunde aus der Eifel und dem Siegerland, Mineralien-Welt 10/3, 23, 1999] [A. Wittern: Mineralfundorte in Deutschland, Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001]
              • Southern lava flow
                • Mayener Feld
    		[Gehlenite] Fischer, R.X. Tillmanns, E. (1983): Die Kristallstrukturen von natürlichem Na2Ca2Si3O9 vom Mt. Shaheru (Zaire) und aus dem Mayener Feld (Eifel), N. Jb. Mineral. Mh. 49-59
              • Western lava flow
    		[Gehlenite] Hentschel, G. (1961): Seltene Mineralneubildungen in einem Kalksteineinschluß der Lava des Ettringer Bellerberges, Fortschritte Mineralogie, Vol. 39, 345
        • Mendig
          • Niedermendig
    		[Gehlenite] Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
        • Polch
          • Ochtendung
    		[Gehlenite] Blass, G., Graf , HW., Die Wannenköpfe bei Ochtendung in der Vulkaneifel und ihre Mineralien, MW 6/1999
    • Saxony-Anhalt
      • Mansfeld Basin
        • Hettstedt
    		[Hardystonite] Elmar Lackner collection
    [Hardystonite]
    [Hardystonite] Besteman, Andre, et al, Hettstedt-smelter slag-dumps, Mansfeld Basin, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany, The Strahlen Foundation.
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Pilis Mts.
        • Pomáz
    		[Gehlenite] Fehér, B. (2000): Gehlenitic xenoliths from the Klanác Hill, Pomáz, Visegrád Mountains, Hungary. Acta Mineralogica-Petrographica (Szeged), XLI, Suppl., 39.
    Iran
     
    • East Azarbaijan Province (East Azerbaijan Province)
      • Ahar
    		[Gehlenite] Mollai, H., Sharma, R., and Pe-Piper, G. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 401-414.
    Iraq
     
    • Qala-Diz (Qala-Dizeh; Qala-Diza)
      • Hero
    		[Åkermanite]
    Israel
     
    • Negev
    		[Gehlenite] Sharygin, V.V., Sokol, E.V. & Vapnik, Ye. (2008): Minerals of the pseudobinary perovskite-brownmillerite series from combustion metamorphic larnite rocks of the Hatrurim Formation (Israel). Russian Geology and Geophysics 49, 709-726.
    [Åkermanite] Gross, S. (1977): The Mineralogy of the Hatrurim Formation, Israel. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin no. 70, 80 pp.
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		[Åkermanite] [Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58]
            • Pollena - Trocchia area
    		[Gehlenite] Russo, M. & Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio. AMI, Ed., Cremona, Italy, 320 pp.
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
        • Bracciano Lake
    		[Gehlenite] Schingaro, E. et al. (2001): Crystal chemistry of Kimzeyite from Anguillara, Mts. Sabatini, Italy, European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 13, 749-759
        • Rome
          • Valleranello
    		[Gehlenite]
        • Sacrofano Caldera
          • Campagnano di Roma
    		[Åkermanite]
          • Magliano Romano
    		[Gehlenite] Stoppani, F.S. & Curti, E. (1982): I minerali del Lazio. Editoriale Olimpia, Firenze, 291 pp.
          • Sacrofano
    		[Gehlenite]
        • Trevignano Romano
    		[Gehlenite] Gresta, S., Duronio, F., Mancinella D. (2002): Geositi e Sistema delle Aree Protette del Lazio: idee per la geoconservazione. Il Cercapietre. Not. del Gruppo Mineralogico Romano, 1-2: 48-55
      • Viterbo Province
        • Montalto di Castro
          • Pietra Massa Locality
    		[Gehlenite] Passaglia, E. & Turconi, B. (1982): Silicati ed altri minerali di Montalto di Castro - VT. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1982, 97-110.
    [Gehlenite] Lapis 28(12), 19-28 (2003)
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Chiusella Valley
            • Traversella
    		[Gehlenite] Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Baveno
          • Oltrefiume
            • Mount Camoscio
    		[Gugiaite] American Mineralogist, 84(5-6), 782-789
    • Sardinia
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Arbus
    		[Gehlenite] Preite, D., & Zuanel, A. (2007). Montevecchio: storia, miniere e minerali. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 31 (4), 230-246.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Fassa Valley
    		[Gehlenite] J. N. Fuchs (1815) J. Phys. Chem. (Schweigger), 15, 377
    [Gehlenite] De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    [Gehlenite] De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    [Gehlenite] De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    [Gehlenite] Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
        • Fiemme Valley
          • Predazzo
    		[Gehlenite] De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Pitigliano
    		[Gehlenite] Liotti L., 1991. I minerali dei vulcani laziali a Pitigliano (Grosseto). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 15: 121-139.
    • Umbria
      • Perugia Province
        • Spoleto
    		Stoppa.F., Wolley A.R. and Bailey K. (2004). Extrusive carbonatites and their meaning: the case of Italy. 32nd International Geological Congress, Florence - Italy, August 20-28, 2004, pag. 7-8. L. Terrazzi Ed., Firenze, 2004
    Japan
     
    • Ehime Prefecture
      • Inland Sea (Setonaikai)
    		[Gugiaite] Matsubara, S. (2002): The Mineral Species of Japan, p27
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Hiroshima prefecture
          • Hiba-gun
    		[Gehlenite] Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
        • Okayama Prefecture
          • Takahashi City
            • Bitchu-cho (Bicchu-cho)
    		[Gehlenite] Mineralogical Record: 27: 304.; Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences Vol. 99 (2004) , No. 2 April 67-71
        • Shimane Prefecture
          • Hamada City
    		[Åkermanite] The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
    		[Gehlenite] Matsuyama, F. (2001)
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Esashi City
    		[Gehlenite] Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
          • Kamaishi City
    		[Gehlenite] Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Kenya
     
    • Coast Province
    		Berger, V.I., Singer, D.A., and Orris, G.J. (2009): USGS Open-File Report 09-1139
    Malawi
     
    • Balaka District
    		Berger, V.I., Singer, D.A., and Orris, G.J. (2009): USGS Open-File Report 09-1139
    Mexico
     
    • Coahuila
      • Mun. de Sierra Mojada
        • Sierra Mojada
    		[Gehlenite] Mineralogical Magazine 1964 33 : 841-852
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Cuencamé
        • Velardeña District
          • Velardeña
    		[Gehlenite] Panczner (1987): 206.
    Morocco
     
    • Meknès-Tafilalet Region
      • Er Rachidia Province
        • Erfoud (Erfud)
          • Rissani
    		[Gehlenite] Caltech, photomicrograph by Chi Ma.
    Namibia
     
    • Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region
      • Tsumeb
    		[Åkermanite] Ettler, V., Johan, Z., Kříbek, B., Šebek, O. & Mihaljevič, M. (2009): Mineralogy and environmental stability of slags from the Tsumeb smelter, Namibia. Applied Geochemistry 24, 1-15.
    New Zealand
     
    • North Island
      • Northland
        • Kaipara
    		[Gehlenite] Mason, B. (1957): Larnite, scawtite, and hydrogrossular from Tokatoka, New Zealand. American Mineralogist 42, 379-392.
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Arendal
    		[Okayamalite] Olmi, F., Viti, C., Bindi, L., Bonazzi, P. & Menchetti, S. (2000): Second occurrence of okayamalite, Ca2SiB2O7: chemical and TEM characterization. American Mineralogist.
    • Telemark
      • Skien
    		[Åkermanite] Jamtveit B., Dahlgren S. and Austrheim H. (1997): High-grade contact metamorphism of calcareous rocks from the Oslo Rift, Southern Norway. American Mineralogist. 82 : 1241 - 1254
    Outer Space
     
    [Gehlenite] Gornitz, V. (2007) Hot & cold origins: the mineralogy of a comet. Mineral News, 23, #1, 1-4.
    Poland
     
    • Upper Silesia (Śląskie)
      • Katowice
        • Świętochłowice
    		[Hardystonite] Puziewicz, J., Zainoun, K. and Bril, H. (2007): Primary phases in pyrometallurgical slags from a zinc-smelting waste dump, Świętochłowice, Upper Silesia, Poland. Can. Mineral. 45, 1189-1200.
    Romania
     
    • Brașov Co.
    		[Gehlenite] Szakáll, S., Almási, E., Köllı, A., Sajó, I., Vezzalini, G. (2006): New data about the minerals of the copper ore deposit at Balan (East Carpathians) and of limestone xenolithes from basalt at Racosu de Jos (Persani Mts.), Romania. Acta Mineral.-Petrogr., Abstr. Ser. 5, p. 112. [http://www.mineral.hermuz.hu/acta_05/pdf/szakalls1.pdf]
    • Harghita Co.
      • Odorheiu Secuiesc (Székelyudvarhely; Oderhellen)
        • Also-Rákos (Unter-Krebsenbach)
    		[Åkermanite] Ed.:Szakáll S.-Kristály F.2010:Mineralogy of Székelyland,Eastern Transylvania,Romania
    • Hunedoara Co.
      • Hunedoara
    		[Gehlenite] Canadian Mineralogist: 39: 1435-1453.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krasnoyarsk Kray; Krasnoyarskii Krai)
        • Maimecha and Kotui Rivers Basin
    		[Åkermanite] Pavel M. Kartashov data
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Lake Baikal area
    		[Gehlenite] P.M. Kartashov data
          • Narin-Kunta
    		[Gehlenite] Armbruster, T., Lazic, B., Gfeller, F., Galuskin, E.V., Galuskina, I.O., Savelyeva, V.B., Zadov, A.E., Pertsev, N.N., Dzierżanowski, P. (2011): Chlorine content and crystal chemistry of dellaite from the Birkhin gabbro massif, Eastern Siberia, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 75, 379-394.
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		[Åkermanite] www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/khib.htm
    [Åkermanite]
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Eastern Bushveld Complex
        • Lydenburg District
    		[Åkermanite] Minerals of South Africa
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		[Åkermanite] [Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302]
    Sweden
     
    • Medelpad
      • Timrå
    		[Åkermanite] Sandström, F., Binett, T., Wiklund, C. & Vikström, J. (2010): Alnöområdets geologi och mineralogi. Litiofilen. 27 (2) :14-42
    Tanzania
     
    • Arusha Region
    		[Alumoåkermanite] IMA website - Dec.2008 approvals
    The Moon
    J. Frondel (2009), Lunar Mineralogy, Wiley Interscience
    Uganda
     
    • Kabarole District
    		[Gehlenite] Barker, D.S. and Nixon, P.H. (1989) High-Ca, low-alkali carbonatite volcanism at Fort Portal, Uganda. Contributions to Minralogy and Petrology.: 103: 166-177.
    UK
     
    • Northern Ireland
      • Co. Antrim
        • Glenoe
    		[Gehlenite]
        • Larne
    		[Gehlenite] American Mineralogist: 33: 786
    [Åkermanite] Tindle, A.G. (2008) Minerals of Britian and Ireland
      • North West Highlands (Argyllshire)
        • Ardnamurchan
    		[Åkermanite] Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols; Mineralogical Magazine 1965 34 : 1-15.
      • North West Highlands (Inverness-shire)
        • Isle of Muck
    		[Gehlenite] Tilley, C.E. (1947) The gabbro-limestone contact zone of Camas Mor, Muck, Inverness-shire. Comptes Rendus de la Société geologique de Finlande, No. 140, 97–105.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
        • Darwin District
          • Darwin
    		[Gehlenite] Am Min (1962) 47:1003-1005
        • Death Valley National Park
          • Panamint Mts (Panamint Range)
            • Ubehebe District
    		[Gehlenite] Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 259.
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Sky Blue Hill
    		[Gehlenite] Larsen, Esper Signius & William F. Foshag (1921), Merwinite, a new calcium magnesium orthosilicate from Crestmore, California: American Mineralogist:6: 144; Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmorre, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381; Woodford, A.O. (1943), Crestmore minerals: California Division Mines Report 39: 358; Burnham, C. W. (1959), Contact metamorphism of magnesian limestones at Crestmore, California Geological Society of America Bulletin: 70: 880; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 494.
    [Gehlenite] Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
    [Gehlenite] Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across Commercial Quarry, Crestmorre, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 352-381.
    [Gehlenite] Shannon, Earl Victor (1922), Velarsenite from a new locality in Tulare County, California: US National Museum Proceedings: 60, art. 22, 4 pp.:
    • Colorado
      • Gunnison Co.
        • White Earth District (Powderhorn District)
    		[Åkermanite] "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 17, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		[Hardystonite] Palache(1935):94; Dunn(1995):Pt3:411-412.
    • New Mexico
      • Luna Co.
        • Camel Mountain-Eagle Nest District
    		[Gehlenite] NMBGMR Open-file Report OF-459
    [Gehlenite] Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    [Gehlenite] Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed., 1996
    • New York
      • Essex Co.
        • Keene
          • Cascade Mountain
    		[Åkermanite] EOS: 60: 423.; Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 74, 143-152 (1980)
    • Texas
      • Culberson Co.
        • Apache Peak area
    		[Åkermanite] Rocks & Minerals: 66(3): 196-224.
      • Uvalde Co.
    		[Gehlenite]
    • Virginia
      • Highland Co.
    		[Gehlenite] Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Wyoming
      • Campbell Co.
        • Reno Junction
    		[Gehlenite] American Mineralogist, Volume 73, pages 1440-1448, 1988
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