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Willhendersonite

Big Photo

Caspar quarry, Ettringer Bellerberg Mt. (Bellberg Mt.; Bellenberg Mt.; Billenberg Mt.; Boilenberg Mt.), Bellerberg volcano, Ettringen, Mayen, Eifel Mts, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
© Stephan Wolfsried

Show Willhendersonite Photos (14)
Formula:
KCa[Al
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
] · 5H
 
2
O
System:TriclinicColour:Colorless, white
Hardness:3
Name:
Named after William A. Henderson Jr., physician of Stamford, Connecticut (USA)


Zeolite Group. Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup.

Classification of Willhendersonite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/J.26-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.GD.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
D : Chains of 6-membered rings – tabular zeolites
Dana 8th edition ID:77.1.2.3

77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.10.13

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
10 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and alkalis
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Type Occurrence of Willhendersonite

Type Locality:Vispi Quarry, San Venanzo, Marsciano, Terni Province, Umbria, Italy
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Smithsonian Institution - NMNH 148655 (holotype) and NMNH148656 (cotype)
Year of Discovery:1984
Geological Setting of type material:Quaternary basic potassic lavas.

Physical Properties of Willhendersonite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Colorless, white
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):3
Tenacity:Very brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
{100} (010} (001}
Density (measured):2.18 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.2 g/cm3

Crystallography of Willhendersonite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 9.23Å, b = 9.21Å, c = 9.52Å
α = 92.7°, β = 92.4°, γ = 90.1°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.002 : 1 : 1.034
Unit Cell Volume:V 808 ų
Z:2

Optical Data of Willhendersonite

Type:Biaxial
RI values: nα = 1.505 nβ = 1.511 nγ = 1.517
2V:Measured: 87° , Calculated: 88°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.012

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:strong

Chemical Properties of Willhendersonite

Formula:
KCa[Al
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
] · 5H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, Ca, H, K, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ca, H, K, O, Si
Common Impurities:Na

Relationship of Willhendersonite to other Species

Member of Group:
Zeolite Group:
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.GD.05Gmelinite-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
9.GD.05Gmelinite-K
(K
 
2
,Na
 
2
,Ca)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
9.GD.05Gmelinite-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
9.GD.10Chabazite-Ca
(Ca,K
 
2
,Na
 
2
)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
9.GD.10Chabazite-K
(K
 
2
,Ca,Na
 
2
,Sr,Mg)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
9.GD.10Chabazite-Na
(Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Ca,Sr,Mg)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
9.GD.10Chabazite-Sr
Sr
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
9.GD.15Lévyne-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
,K
 
2
)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
9.GD.15Lévyne-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
9.GD.20Bellbergite
(K,Ba,Sr)
 
2
Sr
 
2
Ca
 
2
(Ca,Na)
 
4
[Al
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
]
 
6
 · 30H
 
2
O
9.GD.20Erionite-Ca
(Ca,K
 
2
,Na
 
2
)
 
2
[Al
 
4
Si
 
14
O
 
36
] · 15H
 
2
O
9.GD.20Erionite-K
(K
 
2
,Ca,Na
 
2
)
 
2
[Al
 
4
Si
 
14
O
 
36
] · 15H
 
2
O
9.GD.20Erionite-Na
(Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Ca)
 
2
[Al
 
4
Si
 
14
O
 
36
] · 15H
 
2
O
9.GD.25Offretite
KCaMgAl
 
5
Si
 
13
O
 
36
·16H
 
2
O or near
9.GD.25Wenkite
(Ba,K)
 
4
(Ca,Na)
 
6
[(SO
 
4
)
 
3
|(Si,Al)
 
20
O
 
39
(OH)
 
2
] · 0.5H
 
2
O
9.GD.30Faujasite-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
,Mg)
 
3.5
[Al
 
7
Si
 
17
O
 
48
] · 32H
 
2
O
9.GD.30Faujasite-Mg
(Mg,Na
 
2
,Ca)
 
3.5
[Al
 
7
Si
 
17
O
 
48
] · 32H
 
2
O
9.GD.30Faujasite-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca,Mg)
 
3.5
[Al
 
7
Si
 
17
O
 
48
] · 32H
 
2
O
9.GD.35Maricopaite
Pb
 
7
Ca
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
48
O
 
100
·32H
 
2
O
9.GD.35Mordenite
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)Al
 
2
Si
 
10
O
 
24
·7H
 
2
O
9.GD.40Dachiardite-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
,K
 
2
)
 
5
Al
 
10
Si
 
38
O
 
96
·25H
 
2
O
9.GD.40Dachiardite-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)
 
5
Al
 
10
Si
 
38
O
 
96
·25H
 
2
O
9.GD.45Epistilbite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
·5H
 
2
O
9.GD.50Ferrierite-K
(K
 
2
,Na
 
2
,Mg,Ca)
 
3-5
Mg[Al
 
5-7
Si
 
27.5-31
O
 
72
]·18H
 
2
O
9.GD.50Ferrierite-Mg
(Mg,Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Ca)
 
3-5
Mg[Al
 
5-7
Si
 
27.5-31
O
 
72
]·18H
 
2
O
9.GD.50Ferrierite-Na
(Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Mg,Ca)
 
3-5
Mg[Al
 
5-7
Si
 
27.5-31
O
 
72
]·18H
 
2
O
9.GD.55Bikitaite
LiAlSi
 
2
O
 
6
·H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.10.1Bytownite
(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si
 
2
O
 
8
]
16.10.2Lisetite
CaNa
 
2
Al
 
4
Si
 
4
O
 
16
16.10.4Thomsonite-Ca
NaCa
 
2
[Al
 
5
Si
 
5
O
 
20
] · 6H
 
2
O
16.10.5Gonnardite
Na
 
2
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
 
2
 · 7H
 
2
O
16.10.6Mesolite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
 
3
 · 8H
 
2
O
16.10.7Faujasite
16.10.8Garronite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
5
Al
 
12
Si
 
20
O
 
64
·27H
 
2
O
16.10.9Boggsite
Ca
 
8
Na
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
96
O
 
192
·70H
 
2
O
16.10.10Herschelite
16.10.11Phillipsite
16.10.12Fedorite
(Na,K)
 
2-3
(Ca
 
4
Na
 
3
)Si
 
16
O
 
38
F
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
16.10.14Barrerite
(Na,K,Ca
 
0.5
)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
18
] · 7H
 
2
O
16.10.15Mordenite
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)Al
 
2
Si
 
10
O
 
24
·7H
 
2
O
16.10.16Reyerite
(Na,K)
 
2
Ca
 
14
(Si,Al)
 
24
O
 
58
(OH)
 
8
·6H
 
2
O
16.10.17Lévyne
16.10.18Clinoptilolite
16.10.19Heulandite
16.10.20Gobbinsite
Na
 
4
(Ca,Mg,K
 
2
)Al
 
6
Si
 
10
O
 
32
·12H
 
2
O
16.10.21Stilbite
16.10.22Dachiardite
16.10.23Offretite
KCaMgAl
 
5
Si
 
13
O
 
36
·16H
 
2
O or near
16.10.24Perlialite
K
 
9
Na(Ca,Sr)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
6
 · 15H
 
2
O
16.10.25Erionite
16.10.26Paulingite
16.10.27Sodium Dachiardite
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)
 
4-5
Al
 
8
Si
 
40
O
 
96
·26H
 
2
O
16.10.28Mazzite-Mg
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
Ca
 
1.5
Al
 
9.5
Si
 
26.5
O
 
72
·28H
 
2
O or near
16.10.29Roggianite
Ca
 
2
Be(OH)
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
·2.5H
 
2
O

Other Names for Willhendersonite

Other Languages:
German:Willhendersonit
Russian:Уиллхендерсонит
Spanish:Willhendersonita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Willhendersonite

Reference List:Acta Crystallographica (1981): A37: C-186.

Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie (1982): 159: 125-126.

Peacor, D.R., Dunn P.J., Simmons W.B., Tillmanns, E., Fischer, R.X. (1984): Willhendersonite, a new zeolite isostructural with chabazite. American Mineralogist 69: 186-189.

Tillmanns, E., Fischer, R. X. & Baur, W. H. (1984): Chabazite-type framework in the new zeolite willhendersonite, KCaAl3Si3O12•5H2O. Neues Jahrb. Mineral., Monatsh. 1984, 547-558.

Vezzalini, G., Quartieri, S. & Galli, E. (1997): Occurrence and crystal structure of a Ca-pure willhendersonite. Zeolites 19, 75-79.

Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (2001): 45: 1.

Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (2001): 45: 69.

Fischer, R. X.; Kahlenberg, V.; Lengauer, C. L.; Tillmanns, E. (2008): Thermal behavior and structural transformation in the chabazite-type zeolite willhendersonite, KCaAl3Si3O12.5H2O. American Mineralogist 93, 1317-1325.

Internet Links for Willhendersonite

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    Localities for Willhendersonite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Bad Gleichenberg
        • Wilhelmsdorf
    		Walter, F. & W. Postl (1984): Willhendersonit vom Stradner Kogel, südlich Gleichenberg, Steiermark. Mitt. Abt. Mineral. Landesmuseum Joanneum, 52, 3-10; Postl, W. & Walter, F. (1985); R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Germany
     
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Daun
          • Üdersdorf
    		Blass, G., Graf, HW., Neufunde von bekannten Fundorten (VIII), Mineralien-Welt 5/1993
        • Hillesheim
    		Hentschel, G., Die Lavaströme der Graulai: eine neue Fundstelle in der Westeifel, Lapis, Weise Verlag München, 09/1993
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
              • Ettringer Bellerberg Mt. (Bellberg Mt.; Bellenberg Mt.; Billenberg Mt.; Boilenberg Mt.)
    		[Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise (München), 1983
              • Southern lava flow
                • Mayener Feld
    		- Peacor, D.R., Dunn, P.J., Simmons, W.B., Tillmanns, E., Fischer, R.X., (1984): Willhendersonite, a new zeolite isostructural with chabazite, Amer. Mineral. 69, 186-189
    Italy
     
    • Latium
      • Rieti Province
        • Rieti
          • Cupaello Basso Locality
    • Umbria
      • Terni Province
        • Marsciano
          • San Venanzo
    		Stoppa, F., Sharygin, V.V., and Cundari, A. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 61, 27-45.
    Peacor D.R., Dunn P.J., Simmons W.B., Tillmanns E., Fischer R.X. (1984): Willhendersonite, a new zeolite isostructural with chabazite. American Mineralogist, 69, 186-189.
        • Terni
    		Vezzalini, G., Quartieri, S. & Galli, E. (1997): Occurrence and crystal structure of a Ca-pure willhendersonite. Zeolites 19, 75-79.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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