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Clinosafflorite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Photos of Clinosafflorite (15)

Clinosafflorite Gallery Search Photos of Clinosafflorite

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Clinosafflorite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Clinosafflorite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Clinosafflorite, etc.

Bou Azzer mining district, Drâa-Tafilalet Region, Morocco

Clinosafflorite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Clinosafflorite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Clinosafflorite, etc.

Bou Azzer mining district, Drâa-Tafilalet Region, Morocco

Clinosafflorite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

Clinosafflorite

Glasberg quarry, Nieder-Beerbach, Mühltal, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

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About ClinosaffloriteHide

Formula:

CoAs₂

May contain minor Fe and/or Ni replacing Co.

Colour:

Tin-white

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

4½ - 5

Specific Gravity:

7.46 (Calculated)

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Löllingite Group

Name:

In reference to being the monoclinic (clino) dimorph of safflorite.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Cobalt area, Cobalt-Gowganda region, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada

Dimorph of:

Safflorite

"Chemical analyses of various natural and synthetic [safflorite] samples reveal that Pnnm safflorite always contains some amounts of Fe and Ni, whereas materials with 80–100% (mole) CoAs2 crystallize in monoclinic P21/c symmetry [= clinosafflorite] (Holmes, 1947; Swanson et al., 1966; Radcliffe & Berry, 1971)." (Yang et al., 2008).

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

1083

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1083:8

GUID
(UUID V4):

2d9079fe-be69-412e-83e3-db5d2d762f6e

IMA Classification of ClinosaffloriteHide

IMA status:

Approved

First published:

1971

Classification of ClinosaffloriteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

2.EB.15a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.

Dana 8th ed.:

2.12.4.6

2 : SULFIDES
12 : A_mB_nX_p, with (m+n):p = 1:2

Hey's CIM Ref.:

3.10.11

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
10 : Sulphides etc. of Co

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Csaf	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Pronunciation of ClinosaffloriteHide

Pronunciation:

Play	Recorded by	Country
	Jolyon Ralph	United Kingdom

Physical Properties of ClinosaffloriteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Tin-white

Hardness:

4½ - 5 on Mohs scale

Hardness:

VHN₁₀₀=719 - 875 kg/mm² - Vickers

Density:

7.46 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of ClinosaffloriteHide

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁	R₂
400nm	50.7%	54.8%
420nm	55.0%	59.8%
440nm	55.1%	59.0%
460nm	55.3%	58.0%
480nm	55.5%	57.1%
500nm	55.6%	56.3%
520nm	55.4%	55.6%
540nm	54.5%	55.4%
560nm	53.8%	55.2%
580nm	53.0%	54.9%
600nm	52.4%	54.5%
620nm	51.9%	54.2%
640nm	51.4%	53.5%
660nm	50.9%	53.3%
680nm	50.6%	52.9%
700nm	50.4%	52.6%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 59.8%.
R₁ shown in black, R₂ shown in red

Chemistry of ClinosaffloriteHide

Mindat Formula:

CoAs₂

May contain minor Fe and/or Ni replacing Co.

Elements listed:

As, Co - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Crystallography of ClinosaffloriteHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Space Group:

P2₁/m

Cell Parameters:

a = 5.04 Å, b = 5.862 Å, c = 3.139 Å
β = 90.13°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.86 : 1 : 0.535

Unit Cell V:

92.74 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Fine-grained intergrowths.

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Year	Locality	Temp (K)
0011927	Clinosafflorite	Kjekshus A (1971) On the properties of binary compounds with the CoSb2 type crystal structure Acta Chemica Scandinavica 25 411-422	1971	synthetic	293
0012118	Clinosafflorite	Darmon R, Wintenberger M (1966) Structure cristalline de CoAs2 Bulletin de la Societe Francaise de Mineralogie et de Cristallographie 89 213-215	1966		293
0012119	Clinosafflorite	Darmon R, Wintenberger M (1966) Structure cristalline de CoAs2 Bulletin de la Societe Francaise de Mineralogie et de Cristallographie 89 213-215	1966		293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Clinosafflorite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Kjekshus A'
_journal_name_full 'Acta Chemica Scandinavica'
_journal_volume 25 
_journal_year 1971
_journal_page_first 411
_journal_page_last 422
_publ_section_title
;
 On the properties of binary compounds
 with the CoSb2 type crystal structure
;
_database_code_amcsd 0011927
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Co As2'
_cell_length_a 5.9106
_cell_length_b 5.8680
_cell_length_c 5.9587
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 116.432
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 185.064
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      7.493
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P 1 21/c 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  'x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
Co   0.27230   0.00310   0.28320
As1   0.34110   0.36550   0.17520
As2   0.15550   0.63440   0.36420

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
2.531 Å	(100)
2.427 Å	(80)
2.422 Å	(80)
2.671 Å	(40)
2.657 Å	(40)
1.865 Å	(30)
1.656 Å	(30)

Comments:

Cobalt, Ontario, Canada (Radcliffe and Berry, 1971).

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Geological Setting:

In hydrothermal veins

Type Occurrence of ClinosaffloriteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Cobalt area, Cobalt-Gowganda region, Timiskaming District, Ontario, Canada

General Appearance of Type Material:

Intimately intergrown with skutterudite.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Department of Geological Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, number 1B20.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Hydrothermal Co-Ni-As veins.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Skutterudite

Synonyms of ClinosaffloriteHide

IMA1970-014

Other Language Names for ClinosaffloriteHide

German:Clinosafflorit
Klinosafflorit

Spanish:Clinosafflorita

Relationship of Clinosafflorite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Löllingite Group

Other Members of this group:

Alloclasite	Co_1-xFe_xAsS	Mon. 2 : P2₁
Anduoite	(Ru,Os)As₂	Orth.
Costibite	CoSbS	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
Löllingite	FeAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
Nisbite	NiSb₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
Oenite	CoSbAs	Orth.
Omeiite	(Os,Ru)As₂	Orth.
Paracostibite	CoSbS	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
Pararammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
Rammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
Safflorite	(Co,Ni,Fe)As₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
UM1998-01-AsSb:CoFeNi	(Fe,Ni)SbAs

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

16 photos of Clinosafflorite associated with Skutterudite	CoAs₃
5 photos of Clinosafflorite associated with Cattierite	CoS₂
2 photos of Clinosafflorite associated with Silver	Ag
2 photos of Clinosafflorite associated with Calcite	CaCO₃
1 photo of Clinosafflorite associated with Pyrargyrite	Ag₃SbS₃

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.EB.	Iridarsenite	(Ir,Ru)As₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.	Selenolaurite	RuSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.	Andrieslombaardite	RhSbS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.	Kanatzidisite	(SbBiS₃)₂Te₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.EB.05a	Aurostibite	AuSb₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05b	Bambollaite	Cu(Se,Te)₂	Tet.
2.EB.05a	Cattierite	CoS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Erlichmanite	OsS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Fukuchilite	Cu₃FeS₈	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Geversite	PtSb₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Hauerite	MnS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Insizwaite	Pt(Bi,Sb)₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Krut'aite	CuSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Laurite	RuS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Penroseite	(Ni,Co,Cu)Se₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Pyrite	FeS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Sperrylite	PtAs₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Trogtalite	CoSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Vaesite	NiS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Villamanínite	(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S₂	Tric.
2.EB.05a	Dzharkenite	FeSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Gaotaiite	Ir₃Te₈	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v	Cayeuxite
2.EB.10b	Alloclasite	Co_1-xFe_xAsS	Mon. 2 : P2₁
2.EB.10d	Costibite	CoSbS	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.EB.10a	Ferroselite	FeSe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Frohbergite	FeTe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10c	Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.EB.10a	Kullerudite	NiSe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Marcasite	FeS₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Mattagamite	CoTe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10e	Paracostibite	CoSbS	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10e	Pararammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10f	Oenite	CoSbAs	Orth.
2.EB.10a	Petříčekite	CuSe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Anduoite	(Ru,Os)As₂	Orth.
2.EB.15a	Löllingite	FeAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Nisbite	NiSb₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Omeiite	(Os,Ru)As₂	Orth.
2.EB.15c	Paxite	CuAs₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.15a	Rammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Safflorite	(Co,Ni,Fe)As₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15b	Seinäjokite	(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)₂	Orth.
2.EB.20	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.20	Gudmundite	FeSbS	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.20	Osarsite	(Os,Ru)AsS	Mon.
2.EB.20	Ruarsite	(Ru,Os)AsS	Mon.
2.EB.25 va	Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite	Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25	Cobaltite	CoAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
2.EB.25	Gersdorffite	NiAsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Hollingworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Jolliffeite	NiAsSe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Krutovite	NiAs₂	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Maslovite	PtBiTe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Michenerite	PdBiTe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Padmaite	PdBiSe	Iso. 4 3 2
2.EB.25	Platarsite	Pt(As,S)₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Testibiopalladite	PdSbTe	Iso.
2.EB.25	Tolovkite	IrSbS	Iso.
2.EB.25	Ullmannite	NiSbS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Willyamite	CoSbS
2.EB.25	Changchengite	IrBiS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Mayingite	IrBiTe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Kalungaite	PdAsSe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Milotaite	PdSbSe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Paragersdorffite	Ni(As,S)₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Orthogersdorffite	NiAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
2.EB.25	Kvačekite	NiSbSe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.30	Urvantsevite	Pd(Bi,Pb)₂	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35	Rheniite	ReS₂	Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for ClinosaffloriteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-1083.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for ClinosaffloriteHide

Reference List:

Darmon, R., Wintenberger, M. (1966) Structure cristalline de CoAs2. Bulletin de la Société Française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie: 89: 213-215.

Radcliffe, D., Berry, L.G. (1971) Clinosafflorite; a monoclinic polymorph of safflorite. The Canadian Mineralogist: 10: 877-881.

Yang, H., Downs, R.T., Eichler, C. (2008) Safflorite, (Co,Ni,Fe)As2, isomorphous with marcasite. Acta Crystallographica: E64: i62.

(2023) Clinosafflorite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for ClinosaffloriteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Canada (TL)
Ontario Timiskaming District Cobalt-Gowganda region ⓘ Cobalt area (TL)	159-161. +2 other references
ⓘ Coleman Township	Traill R. J. (1983)
Gillies Limit ⓘ Cleopatra Mine (HiHo) ?	Robert C. Smith

Czech Republic
Karlovy Vary Region Karlovy Vary District ⓘ Jáchymov	Lapis 2002 (7/8)

Finland
North Ostrobothnia Raahe ⓘ Laivakangas-N (Näädänmaa; Näädänmalmi)	Hector et al. (2023)
Ylivieska ⓘ Kurula	Hector et al. (2023)
Southwest Finland Somero ⓘ Satulinmäki prospect	Eilu (2003)

France
Grand Est Haut-Rhin Colmar-Ribeauvillé Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Neuenberg ⓘ Chrétien Vein	Wittern et al. (Cologne)
ⓘ Kobaltschacht	Paul De Bondt
ⓘ Lower Chrétien Mine	Pierre et Terre 1982

Germany
Hesse Darmstadt Darmstadt-Dieburg Mühltal Nieder-Beerbach ⓘ Glasberg quarry
Kassel Region Hersfeld-Rotenburg Nentershausen Süß Richelsdorf Smelter ⓘ Ore dumps	Weiß (1990)
Rhineland-Palatinate Südliche Weinstraße Annweiler am Trifels Waldhambach ⓘ Kuhn Quarry	www.mgas.de (2006)
Saarland Merzig-Wadern Beckingen Reimsbach ⓘ Arweiler Quarry	Thomas Kleser Collection
Saxony-Anhalt ⓘ Mansfeld Basin	Wittern (2001)
Saxony Erzgebirgskreis Aue-Bad Schlema ⓘ Bad Schlema	King (n.d.)
Mittelsachsen ⓘ Freiberg	Andreas Gerstenberg collection

Mauritania
Inchiri Region Akjoujt (Akjout; Fort Repoux) ⓘ Akjoujt Mine (Guelb Moghrein Mine)	Sakellaris et al. (2008)
ⓘ Guelb Moghrein	Kolb et al. (2006) +1 other reference

Morocco
Drâa-Tafilalet Region ⓘ Bou Azzer mining district	Econ Geol (1997)
Zagora Province Agdz Cercle Tansifte Caïdat Aghbar ⓘ Aghbar Mine	RocK Currier collectin
Aït Ahmane ⓘ Vein No. 53	Favreau et al. (2006)
Tamdrost ⓘ Tamdrost Mine

Sweden
Värmland County Filipstad Nordmark mining district Finnshytteberg ore field ⓘ Nord mine	Burke et al. (1983)

UK
England Cornwall St Stephen-in-Brannel Downderry ⓘ St Austell Consols (incl. Wheal Hawkins)	- (n.d.)
Scotland Clackmannanshire Alva Silver Glen ⓘ Alva Silver Mine	[J.Russell Soc 1998:23]

USA
Colorado Gunnison County Elk Mountain Mining District (Snowmass Mountain Mining District) ⓘ American Eagle; Luona Occurrence	Eckel et al. (1997)
Nevada Churchill County Table Mountain Mining District Cottonwood Canyon Bolivia ⓘ Lovelock Mine	Castor et al. (2004)
Humboldt County National Mining District ⓘ London mine	Castor et al. (2004)

Clinosafflorite

About ClinosaffloriteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of ClinosaffloriteHide

Classification of ClinosaffloriteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Pronunciation of ClinosaffloriteHide

Physical Properties of ClinosaffloriteHide

Optical Data of ClinosaffloriteHide

Chemistry of ClinosaffloriteHide

Crystallography of ClinosaffloriteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of ClinosaffloriteHide

Synonyms of ClinosaffloriteHide

Other Language Names for ClinosaffloriteHide

Relationship of Clinosafflorite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for ClinosaffloriteHide

References for ClinosaffloriteHide

Localities for ClinosaffloriteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide