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Burundi | |
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| The Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), sample # 13889
www.metafro.be (n.d.) http://www.metafro.be/mineralogy/browse_hierarchical_geo?country=Burundi |
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| Kurtanjek, M. P., & Tandy, B. C. (1989). The igneous phosphate deposits of Matongo-Bandaga, Burundi. In Phosphate deposits of the world. Phosphate rock resources (pp. 262-266).
Lubala, R. T., Kampunzu, A. B., & Makutu, M. N. (1985). Un inventaire des complexes anorogéniques du Burundi, du Ruanda et du Zaïre. Journal of African Earth Sciences (1983), 3(1-2), 169-174. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(85)90034-X
Cahen, L., Snelling, N. J., Delhal, J., Vail, J. R., Bonhomme, M., & Ledent, D. (1984). The geochronology and evolution of Africa. Clarendom Press, Oxford. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frederic_Wilson2/publication/248450077_The_Geochronology_and_evolution_of_AfricaL_Cahen_NJ_Snelling_J_Delhal_and_JR_Vail_with_the_collaboration_of_M_Bonhomme_and_D_Ledent/links/55ef240108ae0af8ee1b10f2.pdf
Tack, L., De Paepe, P., Deutsch, S., & Liégeois, J. P. (1984). The alkaline plutonic complex of the Upper Ruvubu (Burundi): geology, age, isotopic geochemistry and implications for the regional geology of the Western Rift. In Géologie africaine (pp. 91-114).
Tack, L., & De Paepe, P. (1983). Le volcanisme du Sud-Kivu dans le nord de la plaine de la Rusizi au Burundi et ses relations avec les formations géologiques avoisinantes. Rapport Annuel du Departement de Geologie et de Mineralogie du Musee Rayal de l'Afrique Central Annees 1981 et 1982, Tervuren, Belgique, 137-145.
TACK, L., & PAEPE, D. (1981). LE MASSIF INTRUSIF DE SYENITES FOIDALES DE LA HAUTE-RUVUKU, BURUNDI. Rapport Annuel pour l'annee 1980 du Department de Geologie et de Mineralogie du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, 173-178.
Van den Haute, P., Jonckheere, R. & Mombers, K. 1985. Fission-track dating and thermal history of the alkaline plutonic complex of the Upper Ruvubu (Burundi). In: 13th Colloquium of African Geology (St. Andrews). Occasional Publication, International Centre for Training and Exchanges in the Geosciences, 147. |
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| The Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), sample # 10885
www.metafro.be (n.d.) http://www.metafro.be/mineralogy/browse_hierarchical_geo?country=Burundi |
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Djibouti | |
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| Moussa, Nima & Boiron, M.C & Grassineau, Nathalie & Asael, Dan & Fouquet, Yves & Le Gall, Bernard & Rolet, Joël & Etoubleau, Joel & Delacourt, Christophe. (2019). Mineralogy, fluid inclusions and stable isotope study of epithermal Au-Ag-Bi-Te mineralization from the SE Afar Rift (Djibouti). Ore Geology Reviews. 111. 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2019.05.002. |
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DR Congo | |
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| Howard, K.T., Alexander, C.M.O'D, Schrader D.L. & Dyl K.A. (2015) Classification of hydrous meteorites (CR, CM, and C2 ungrouped) by phyllosilicate fraction: PSD-XRD modal mineralogy and planetismal environments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 149, 206-222.
Kallemeyn, G. W. (1995) Bells and Essebi: To Be or Not To Be (CM). Meteoritics 30 (5): 525-526. (Sept 1995) |
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Eswatini | |
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| Cairncross, Bruce (2004) Field Guide to Rocks & Minerals of Southern Africa. 288pp. |
|
| Cairncross, Bruce (2004) Field Guide to Rocks & Minerals of Southern Africa. 288pp.
Mineralogical Magazine 1899 12 : 96-101 |
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| Maphalala, R. M., & Trumbull, R. B. (1998). A geochemical and Rb-Sr isotopic study of Archaean pegmatite dykes in the tin belt of Swaziland. South African Journal of Geology, 101(1), 53-65. |
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| Daniels, L. R. M. (1991). Diamonds and related minerals from the Dokolwayo kimberlite, kingdom of Swaziland. Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Geochemistry of the University of Cape Town |
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| Cairncross, Bruce (2004) Field Guide to Rocks & Minerals of Southern Africa. 288pp. |
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Ethiopia | |
- Adola belt (Adola gold field)
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data 2019 |
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| Kennan, P. S., Mitchell, J. G., & Mohr, P. (1990). The Sagatu Ridge dyke swarm, Ethiopian rift margin: revised age and new Sr-isotopic data. Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East), 11(1-2), 39-42. doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(90)90075-P
Mohr, P. (1980). Geochemical aspects of the Sagatu dyke swarm, Ethiopian Rift margin. In Geodynamic Evolution of the Afro-Arabian Rift System (Vol. 47, pp. 387-406).
Mohr, P. A., & Potter, E. C. (1976). The Sagatu Ridge dike swarm, Ethiopian rift margin. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1(1), 55-71. doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(76)90018-4
Di Paola, G.M. 1973. The Ethiopian rift valley (between 7º00' and 8º40' lat.north). Bulletin Volcanologique, 36, 517-560. |
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| Küster, D. et al. (2009): Mineralium Deposita 44, 723-750.
A Geological Excursion To The Mesozoic Sediments Of The Abay Basin ( Blue Nile), Recent Volcanics Of The Ethiopian Main Rift And Basement Rocks Of The Adola Rea, Ethiopia. Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. 147 (2002) |
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France | |
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| Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX analysis |
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| Collection François Périnet |
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Kenya | |
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| Ridolfi, F., Renzulli, A., Macdonald, R., & Upton, B. G. (2006). Peralkaline syenite autoliths from Kilombe volcano, Kenya Rift Valley: evidence for subvolcanic interaction with carbonatitic fluids. Lithos, 91(1-4), 373-392. |
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| Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105.
Weaver, S. D. (1977). The Quaternary caldera volcano Emuruangogolak, Kenya Rift, and the petrology of a bimodal ferrobasalt-pantelleritic trachyte association. Bulletin Volcanologique, 40(4), 209-230. doi.org/10.1007/BF02597564
Webb, P.K. & Weaver, S.D. 1976. Trachyte shield volcanoes: a new volcanic form from South Turkana, Kenya. Bulletin Volcanologique, 39, 294-312. |
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| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0
Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.
Clarke, M. G. C., & Roberts, B. (1986). Carbonated melilitites and calcitized alkalicarbonatites from Homa Mountain, western Kenya: a reinterpretation. Geological Magazine, 123(6), 683-692. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800024195
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0
USGS Open-File Report 02–156–A |
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| Bestland, E. A., & Krull, E. S. (1999). Palaeoenvironments of Early Miocene Kisingiri volcano Proconsul sites: evidence from carbon isotopes, palaeosols and hydromagmatic deposits. Journal of the Geological Society, 156(5), 965-976. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.156.5.0965
Bestland, E. A., Thackray, G. D., & Retallack, G. J. (1995). Cycles of doming and eruption of the Miocene Kisingiri Volcano, Southwest Kenya. The Journal of Geology, 103(5), 598-607. doi.org/10.1086/629779
DRAKE, R. E., VAN COUVERING, J. A., PICKFORD, M. H., CURTIS, G. H., & HARRIS, J. A. (1988). New chronology for the Early Miocene mammalian faunas of Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 479-491. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0479
Rubie, D. C., & Gunter, W. D. (1983). The role of speciation in alkaline igneous fluids during fenite metasomatism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 165-175. doi.org/10.1007/BF01166611
Rubie, D. C. (1982). Mass transfer and volume change during alkali metasomatism at Kisingiri, Western Kenya. Lithos, 15(2), 99-109. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(82)90003-2
Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 |
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| Rosatelli, G., Wall, F., Le Bas, M.J. (2003) Potassic glass and calcite carbonatite in lapilli from extrusive carbonatites at Rangwa Caldera Complex, Kenya. Mineralogical Magazine, 67:5, 931-955.
Norry, M. J., Truckle, P. H., Lippard, S. J., Hawkesworth, C. J., Weaver, S. D., & Marriner, G. F. (1980). Isotopic and trace element evidence from lavas, bearing on mantle heterogeneity beneath Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 297(1431), 259-271. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0214
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 |
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| MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, DECEMBER 1978, 42:463-75 |
|
| Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom). |
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| Nyamai, C.M., Haapala, I. (2000) A Comparison of the uncompahgrite and turjaite mineralogy (phlogopite, melilite, etc.) of the south Nyanza district, western Kenya, with similar rock complexes in Asia, Australia and America. China & East Asia 2000 Symposium. |
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| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
USGS Open-File Report 02–156–A |
|
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0
Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Deines, P., & Gold, D. P. (1973). The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 37(7), 1709-1733. doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90158-0 |
|
| Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Le Bas, M. J. (1977). Carbonatite-nephelinite volcanism: an African case history. London: Wiley.
Rankin, A. H. (1975). Fluid inclusion studies in apatite from carbonatites of the Wasaki area of western Kenya. Lithos, 8(2), 123-136. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(75)90020-1
Barber, C. (1974). The geochemistry of carbonatites and related rocks from two carbonatite complexes, south Nyanza, Kenya. Litho, 7(1), 53-63. doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(74)90038-3 |
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| Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Kalt, A., Hegner, E., & Satir, M. (1997). Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for diverse lithospheric mantle sources of East African Rift carbonatites. Tectonophysics, 278(1-4), 31-45. doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00093-0 |
|
| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
Macdonald, R., Kjarsgaard, B. A., Skilling, I. P., Davies, G. R., Hamilton, D. L., & Black, S. (1993). Liquid immiscibility between trachyte and carbonate in ash flow tuffs from Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 114(2), 276-287. doi.org/10.1007/BF00307762
Skilling, I. P. (1993). Incremental caldera collapse of Suswa volcano, Gregory rift valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 150(5), 885-896. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.5.0885
Randel, R. P., & Johnson, R. W. (1991). Geology of the Suswa area (No. 97). Mines & Geological Department.
Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107
Williams, L. A. J., Macdonald, R., & Chapman, G. R. (1984). Late Quaternary caldera volcanoes of the Kenya Rift valley. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89(B10), 8553-8570. doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB10p08553
Nash, W.P., Carmichael, I.S.E., Hohnson, R.W. (1969) The Mineralogy and Petrology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Journal of Petrology, 10:3, 409-439.
Johnshon, R. W. (1969). Volcanic geology of Mount Suswa, Kenya. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 265(1164), 383-412. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1969.0061 |
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| Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 134.
Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 134.
Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department.
Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department. |
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| Saggerson, E. P. (1991). Geology of the Nairobi area (No. 98). Mines & Geological Department.
Baker, B. H., Mitchell, J. G., & Williams, L. A. J. (1988). Stratigraphy, geochronology and volcano-tectonic evolution of the Kedong–Naivasha–Kinangop region, Gregory Rift Valley, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(1), 107-116. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.1.0107
Matheson, F. J. (1966). Geology of the Kajiado area. Geological Survey of Kenya Report, 70. |
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| Crossley, R. (1979). The Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the western part of the Rift Valley in southern Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 136(4), 393-405. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.136.4.0393
Baker, B. H. (1963) Geology of the Area South of Magadi. Report 61. Geological Survey of Kenya
Peterson, T.D. 1989. Peralkaline nephelinites. II. Low pressure-fractionation and the hypersodic lavas of Oldoinyo Lengai. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 102, 336-346. |
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| Woolley, A. R. (2001) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World, Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society of London.
Onuonga, I. O., Fallick, A. E., & Bowden, P. (1997). The recognition of meteoric-hydrothermal and supergene processes in volcanic carbonatites, Nyanza Rift, western Kenya, using carbon and oxygen isotopes. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 25(1), 103-113. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00064-X
Onuonga, I. O. (1997). Geochemistry and mineralization of Buru and Kuge volcanic carbonatite centres, western Kenya. PhD thesis University of St. Andrews (United Kingdom).
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563 |
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| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
Woolley, A. R. (2001). Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London, p. 138.
Dindi, E. W., & Swain, C. J. (1988). Joint three-dimensional inversion of gravity and magnetic data from Jombo Hill alkaline complex, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 145(3), 493-504. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.145.3.0493
Rock, N. M. S. (1976). The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56(2), 205-228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Coetzee, G.L., Edwards, C.B. (1959) The Mrima Hill Carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62:1, 373-397.
Coetzee, G. L., & Edwards, C. B. (1959). The Mrima Hill carbonatite, Coast Province, Kenya. South African Journal of Geology, 62(1), 373-397.
Caswell, P. V., & Baker, B. H. (1953). Geology of the Mombasa-Kwale Area Report No. 24. Nairobi, Geological Survey of Kenya. |
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| Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).
Price, R.C., Johnson, R.W., Gray, C.M., and Frey, F.A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89, 394–409.
Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560
Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205–228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605
Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.
Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222. |
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| Red Rock Resources |
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| Scott, S. C., & Skilling, I. P. (1999). The role of tephrachronology in recognizing synchronous caldera-forming events at the Quaternary volcanoes Longonot and Suswa, south Kenya Rift. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 161(1), 47-67. doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.161.01.05
Clarke, M. C. G., Woodhall, D. G., Allen, D., & Darling, G. (1990). Geological, volcanological and hydrological controls on the occurrence of geothermal activity in the area surrounding Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Kenya, Ministry of Energy Report, Nairobi, Kenya.
Scott, S. C., & Bailey, D. K. (1984). Coeruption of contrasting magmas and temporal variations in magma chemistry at Longonot volcano, Central Kenya. Bulletin Volcanologique, 47(4), 849-873. doi.org/10.1007/BF01952347
Scott, S. C. (1982). Evidence from Longonot Volcano, central Kenya, lending further support to the argument for a coexisting CO 2 rich vapour in peralkaline magma. Geological Magazine, 119(2), 215-217. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800025917
Scott, S. C. (1980). The geology of Longonot volcano, Central Kenya: a question of volumes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 296(1420), 437-465. doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1980.0188 |
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| A. N. Zaitsev, T. Wenzel, T. Vennemann and G. Markl (2013): Tinderet volcano, Kenya: an altered natrocarbonatite locality? Mineralogical Magazine 77, 213-226.
Deans, T., & Roberts, B. (1984). Carbonatite tuffs and lava clasts of the Tinderet foothills, western Kenya: a study of calcified natrocarbonatites. Journal of the Geological Society, 141(3), 563-580. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.141.3.0563
King, B. C., Le Bas, M. J., & Sutherland, D. S. (1972). The history of the alkaline volcanoes and intrusive complexes of eastern Uganda and western Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 128(2), 173-205. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.128.2.0173
Baker, B. H., Williams, L. A. J., Miller, J. A., & Fitch, F. J. (1971). Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11(3), 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8
Le Bas, M. J., & Dixon, J. A. (1965). A new carbonatite in the Legetet hills, Kenya. Nature, 207(4992), 68-68. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/207068a0.pdf
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| Collection of NHM, Vienna |
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| Waweru, M. K. (2020). Geological Setting and Mineralization of Iron Ore, Rare Earth Elements, and Associated Metals in Kithiori Area of Marimanti, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi). |
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| Bowell, R. J., Warren, A., & Redmond, I. (1996). Formation of cave salts and utilization by elephants in the Mount Elgon region, Kenya. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 113(1), 63-79. |
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| Key, R. M. (1987). Geology of the Maralal area. Republic of Kenya Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department Report, 105.
Webb, P.K. & Weaver, S.D. 1976. Trachyte shield volcanoes: a new volcanic form from South Turkana, Kenya. Bulletin Volcanologique, 39, 294-312. |
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Macdonald, R., Davies, G. R., Upton, B. G. J., Dunkley, P. N., Smith, M., & Leat, P. T. (1995). Petrogenesis of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(4), 703-720. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.4.0703
Smith, M., Dunkley, P. N., Deino, A., Williams, L. A. J., & McCall, G. J. H. (1995). Geochronology, stratigraphy and structural evolution of Silali volcano, Gregory Rift, Kenya. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(2), 297-310. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.2.0297
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McCall, G. J. H., & Hornung, G. (1972). A geochemical study of Silali volcano, Kenya, with special reference to the origin of the intermediate-acid eruptives of the Central Rift Valley. In Developments in Geotectonics (Vol. 7, pp. 97-113). Elsevier. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-41087-0.50016-6 |
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Madagascar | |
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| Guigues, J. (1955) Étude des gisements de pegmatite de Madagascar (Deuxième partie) Travaux du Bureau Gèologique de Madagascar 67. Haut Commisariat de Madagascar et dependances |
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| Guigues, J. (1955) Étude des gisements de pegmatite de Madagascar (Deuxième partie) Travaux du Bureau Gèologique de Madagascar 67. Haut Commisariat de Madagascar et dependances |
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| Guigues, J. (1955) Étude des gisements de pegmatite de Madagascar (Deuxième partie) Travaux du Bureau Gèologique de Madagascar 67. Haut Commisariat de Madagascar et dependances |
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| Besaire, Henri (1968) Feuille 4. Tamatave. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450.
Prior, G. T. (1901) Tinguaites from EIfdalen and Ruphachthal: Basalts from Madagascar and the Soudan. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 13 (59) 86-90 doi:10.1180/minmag.1901.013.59.12 |
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| Guigues, J. (1955) Étude des gisements de pegmatite de Madagascar (Deuxième partie) Travaux du Bureau Gèologique de Madagascar 67. Haut Commisariat de Madagascar et dependances |
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| Behier, Jean (1960) Travaux minéralogiques. Rapport Annuel du Service géologique, 1960. Republique Madagascar. 181-199 |
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| Rakotondrazafy, Amos Fety Michel, Giuliani, Gaston, Ohnenstetter, Daniel, Fallick, Anthony E., Rakotosamizanany, Saholy, Andriamamonjy, Alfred, Ralantoarison, Théogène, Razanatseheno, Madison, Offant, Yohann, Garnier, Virginie, Maluski, Henri, Dunaigre, Christian, Schwarz, Dietmar, Ratrimo, Voahangy (2008) Gem corundum deposits of Madagascar: A review. Ore Geology Reviews, 34 (1) 134-154 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2007.05.001 |
|
| Collection and photo: Arliguie Michel, photo-1032642 (Old collection 1950s) |
|
| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624.
Lacroix, Alfred (1915) La bastnaésite et la tscheffkinite de Madagascar ; le mode de gisement des fluocarbonates ; pseudomorphoses d'origine pneumatolytique dans les granites alcalins. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 38 (3) 106-125 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1915.3609
Lacroix, Alfred (1915) La bastnaésite et la tscheffkinite de Madagascar ; le mode de gisement des fluocarbonates ; pseudomorphoses d'origine pneumatolytique dans les granites alcalins. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 38 (3) 106-125 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1915.3609 |
|
| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
|
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 962673, old sample) |
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| Ungemach, Henri (1916) Contribution à la Minéralogie de Madagascar. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 39 (1) 5-38 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1916.3635 |
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| Behier, Jean (1960) Contribution à la minéralogie de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 29. République Malgache |
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| Behier, Jean, Delbos, L., Laplaine, L. (1959) La gisement de peridotite nickelifere d'Ampangabe-Jabo. Rapport Annuel du Service géologique pour 1959. Republique Madagascar p.153-157. |
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| Guigues, J. (1955) Étude des gisements de pegmatite de Madagascar (Deuxième partie) Travaux du Bureau Gèologique de Madagascar 67. Haut Commisariat de Madagascar et dependances |
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| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
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| Mahoney, J. J., Saunders, A. D., Storey, M. and Randriamanantenasoa, A. (2008) Geochemistry of the Volcan d l'Androy Basalt-Rhyolite Complex, Madagascar Cretaceous Igneous Province. Journal of Petrology, 49 (6), 1069-1096 |
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| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
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| Holder, Robert M., Hacker, Bradley R., Horton, Forrest, Rakotondrazafy, A. F. Michel (2018) Ultrahigh-temperature osumilite gneisses in southern Madagascar record combined heat advection and high rates of radiogenic heat production in a long-lived high-Torogen. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 36 (7) 855-880 doi:10.1111/jmg.12316 |
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| (2004) |
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| Holder, Robert M., Hacker, Bradley R., Horton, Forrest, Rakotondrazafy, A. F. Michel (2018) Ultrahigh-temperature osumilite gneisses in southern Madagascar record combined heat advection and high rates of radiogenic heat production in a long-lived high-Torogen. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 36 (7) 855-880 doi:10.1111/jmg.12316 |
|
| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
|
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gîtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
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| Ferraris, Cristiano, Pignatelli, Isabella, Cámara, Fernando, Parodi, Giancarlo, Pont, Sylvain, Schreyer, Martin, Wei, Fengxia (2020) Laurentthomasite,Mg2K(Be2Al)Si12O30: a new milarite-group-type member from the Ihorombe region, Fianarantsoa Province, Madagascar. European Journal of Mineralogy, 32 (3) 355-365 doi:10.5194/ejm-32-355-2020 |
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| Ashwal, Lewis D., Hamilton, Michael A., Morel, Vincent P. I., Rambeloson, Roger A. (1998) Geology, petrology and isotope geochemistry of massif-type anorthosites from southwest Madagascar. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 133 (4) 389-401 doi:10.1007/s004100050461 |
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| Voarintsoa, N. R. G. (2011) Le grenat vert de la région de Gogogogo (Sud de Madagascar). Diplome D'Etudes Approfondies (Masters Thesis). University of Antananarivo. |
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| (2009): Proximal and distal styles of pegmatite-related metasomatic emerald mineralization at Ianapera, southern Madagascar. Mineralium Deposita, 44 : 817-835
Andrianjakavah et al. |
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| Grieco, G., Merlini, A., Cazzaniga, A., Moroni, M. (2010) Platinum Group Minerals of Ranomena chromitite, Tamatave district, Madagascar. General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association: Bonds and bridges, Department of Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Petrology. |
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Besaire, Henri (1969) Feuille 5. Tananarive. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Lacroix, Alfred (1938) Les roches grenues conjointes de l’Ankaratrite du Takarindiona, á Madagascar. Compte Rendu Hebdomadaire des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences, 206. Gauthier-Villars. 548-552
Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450. |
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| Liu, Donghong (2008) 非洲马达加斯加共和国Soalala铁矿床特征 [Characteristics of Soalala iron deposit in Madagascar of Africa]. 矿 床 地 质 [Mineral Deposit], 28. 95-98 |
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| Liu, Donghong (2008) 非洲马达加斯加共和国Soalala铁矿床特征 [Characteristics of Soalala iron deposit in Madagascar of Africa]. 矿 床 地 质 [Mineral Deposit], 28. 95-98 |
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| Liu, Donghong (2008) 非洲马达加斯加共和国Soalala铁矿床特征 [Characteristics of Soalala iron deposit in Madagascar of Africa]. 矿 床 地 质 [Mineral Deposit], 28. 95-98 |
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Rakotovao Soatsitohaina, Rakotondrazafy Raymond, Beziat Didier, Salvi Stefano, Rasolomanana Eddy (2009) Petrologie du complexe alcalin cenozoïque d'Ambohirahavavy, presqu'ile d'Ampasindava, Nord Ouest de Madagascar [Petrology of the Cenozoic Alkaline Complex of Ambohirahavy, Ampasindava Peninsula, Northwest Madagascar]. Mada-Géo 13, 2-19 |
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| Gilbertson, J. (2011) Private report for Tantalus Rare Earths. Tantalus Rare Earths. |
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| Emerick, C.M., Duncan, R.A. (1982) Age progressive volcanism in the Comores Archipelago, western Indian Ocean and implications for Somali plate tectonics. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 60 (3) 415-428 doi:10.1016/0012-821x(82)90077-2
Karche, J. P. (1973). Le Massif volcanique d'Ambre et les régions voisines du nord de Madagascar: Etude volcanologique et pétrologique. Univ. de Besançon, Inst. des Sciences Naturelles. Ser.3, Géologie, 19 (1), 1-173.
Henri Besaire (1971) Feuille 1. Diego-Suarez. 1:500000. Carte géologigues Madagascar 1/500.000, Service Geologique de Madagascar.
Karche, J.-P. (1971) Étude pétrographique et chimique de la série volcanique de l'Anorontany et des Iles Mitsio (Nord de Madagascar) Comptes Rendus de la Semaine Géologique 1970. Comité National Malgache de Géologie p.39-45.
Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450.
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
|
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 966906, old sample) |
|
| Behier, Jean (1963) Carte minéralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique de Madagascar A.1871 |
|
| Rakotonandrasana, N. O. T., Arima, M., Miyawaki, R., Rambeloson, R. A. (2010) Widespread Occurrences of Hogbomite-2N2S in UHT Metapelites from the Betroka Belt, Southern Madagascar: Implications on Melt or Fluid Activity during Regional Metamorphism. Journal of Petrology, 51 (4) 869-895 doi:10.1093/petrology/egq004 |
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| Rakotonandrasana, N. O. T., Arima, M., Miyawaki, R., Rambeloson, R. A. (2010) Widespread Occurrences of Hogbomite-2N2S in UHT Metapelites from the Betroka Belt, Southern Madagascar: Implications on Melt or Fluid Activity during Regional Metamorphism. Journal of Petrology, 51 (4) 869-895 doi:10.1093/petrology/egq004 |
|
| Rakotonandrasana, N. O. T., Arima, M., Miyawaki, R., Rambeloson, R. A. (2010) Widespread Occurrences of Hogbomite-2N2S in UHT Metapelites from the Betroka Belt, Southern Madagascar: Implications on Melt or Fluid Activity during Regional Metamorphism. Journal of Petrology, 51 (4) 869-895 doi:10.1093/petrology/egq004 |
|
| Goujou, J.C. (2005): Inventaire minéralogique des zones prospectées:Sahambano-Mosalahy-Befanova-Manivala, y compris les secteurs méridionaux visités lors de la 2ème mission de terrain Ranotsara, Iakora. Rapport [http://fonjatany-mth.com/pdf/etudes/annexes_rapport.pdf] |
|
| Tomasz Praszkier / Spirifer minerals photo |
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Bussiere, P. (1957) Le massif volcanique de l'Itasy. Travaux du Bureau Gèologique de Madagascar 83, 159-167
Lenoble, A. (1940). Études Sur la Géologie de Madagascar. III. Le massif volcanique de l'Itasy. Memoires de l'Academie Malgache, Tananarive, 32, 43-77.
Lacroix, Alfred (1923) Minéralogie de Madagascar Tome 3 - Lithologie Appendice - Index Geographique. Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. p.1-450.
Lacroix, Alfred (1912) Les volcans du center de Madagascar: le massif d’Itasy [The volcanoes of central Madagascar: the Itasy massif]. Compte Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences 154, 313-317 |
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| Welter, C. (1964) Contribution a la petrographie et la genese du complexe des gneiss a nepheline du Makairingobe (ouest de Madagascar) Comptes rendus de la Semaine géologique 1964, 57-62
Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar- Tome II - Minéralogie appliqueé lithologie. A. Challamel, Paris. p.1-694. |
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| Pezzotta, Federico (1999) Madagaskar. Das Paradies der Mineralien und Edelsteine. extraLapis 17. Christian Weise Verlag |
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| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gîtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
|
| Rakotondrazafy, Amos Fety Michel, Giuliani, Gaston, Ohnenstetter, Daniel, Fallick, Anthony E., Rakotosamizanany, Saholy, Andriamamonjy, Alfred, Ralantoarison, Théogène, Razanatseheno, Madison, Offant, Yohann, Garnier, Virginie, Maluski, Henri, Dunaigre, Christian, Schwarz, Dietmar, Ratrimo, Voahangy (2008) Gem corundum deposits of Madagascar: A review. Ore Geology Reviews, 34 (1) 134-154 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2007.05.001 |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
|
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data of 2018 |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
|
| Besaire, Henri (1966) Gîtes minéraux de Madagascar. Annales géologiques de Madagascar Vol. 34. République Malgache |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
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| Wilson, Wendell E. (1989) The Anjanabonoina Pegmatite, Madagascar. The Mineralogical Record, 20 (3) 191-200 |
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| Lacroix, A. (1912): Sur un groupe de niobotantalates cubiques, radioactifs, des pegmatites du Vakinankaratra . Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie, Paris 35 , 85-92 |
|
| Lacroix, Alfred (1922) Minéralogie de Madagascar, Tome I. Géologie-Minéralogie descriptive. Augustin Challamel, Paris. p.1-624. |
|
| Ranorosoa, Nadine (1986) Thèse de doctorat de L'Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. Étude minéralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar, 1-240 |
|
| Bourdariat, A. & Johnston-Lavis (1908) Note sur le remarquable volcan de Tritriva aiu centre de l'ile de Madagascar. Bulletin de la Société belge de géologie, de paléontologie et d'hydrologie. 22: 103- 115 + Planche II, III, IV. |
|
| Alsace, C. (1963) Etude Geologique et prospection de la feuille Faratsiho. Travaux du Bureau geologique nr 112, Service Geologique, Tananarive. |
|
Malawi | |
|
| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
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| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
ZIEGLER, U. F. (1992). Preliminary results of geochemistry, Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr studies of post-Karoo carbonatite complexes in Southern Africa. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, 72(1), 141-148.
Buckley, H. A., & Woolley, A. R. (1990). Carbonates of the magnesite–siderite series from four carbonatite complexes. Mineralogical Magazine, 54(376), 413-418. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.617.6641&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Woolley, A. R. (1969). Some aspects of fenitization with particular reference to Chilwa Island and Kangankunde, Malawi. British Museum (Natural History), Mineralogy, 2, 189-219.
Cahen, L., & Snelling, N. J. (1966). The geochronology of equatorial Africa. North-Holland Publishing Company.
Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48.
Garson, M.S. &. Morgan, D.J. 1978. Secondary strontianite at Kangankunde carbonatite complex, Malawi. Transactions, Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, 87B, 70-73. |
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| Mitchell, Clive J.
Yusof, Mohammed Anuar. 1993 Beneficiation and appraisal of a beach placer sand deposit from Malawi. [Poster] In: Rare Earth Minerals: Chemistry, Origin and Ore Deposits, London, UK, 1-2 April 1993. |
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| Garson, M.S. 1965. The geology of the area west of Lake Malombe, Fort Johnston District. Records, Geological Survey of Malawi, 3, 35-48. |
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Platt, R. G., Wall, F., Williams, C. T., Woolley, A. R. (1987) Zirconolite, chevkinite and other rare earth minerals from nepheline syenites and peralkaline granites and syenites of the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 51 (360) 253-263 doi:10.1180/minmag.1987.051.360.07
Platt, R. Garth, Woolley, Alan R. (1986) The mafic mineralogy of the peralkaline syenites and granites of the Mulanje complex, Malawi. Mineralogical Magazine, 50 (355) 85-99 doi:10.1180/minmag.1986.050.355.12
Garson, M. S., & Walshaw, R. D. (1969). The geology of the Mlanje area. Bulletin, Geological Survey of Malawi, 21.
Van der Post, L. (1957). Venture into the Interior. Penguin Books.
Dixey, F. (1927). The Mlanje Mountains of Nyasaland. Geographical Review, 17(4), 611-626. doi.org/10.2307/208001
pdfs.semanticscholar.org (n.d.) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8543/4bac56889ec26ceb38473c1e81e904df30e7.pdf |
|
| Berger, Vladimir I., Singer, Donald A., Orris, Greta J. (2009) Carbonatites of the World, Explored Deposits of Nb and REE—Database and Grade and Tonnage Models . Open-File Report 2009-1139. U.S. Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr20091139
Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Dawson, J. B., Steele, I. M., Smith, J. V., & Rivers, M. L. (1996). Minor and trace element chemistry of carbonates, apatites and magnetites in some African carbonatites. Mineralogical Magazine, 60(3), 415-425. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.618.1638&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0
Snelling, N. J. (1965). Age determinations on three African carbonatites. Nature, 205(4970), 491-491. doi.org/10.1038/205491a0
Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2.
Garson, M.S. 1962. The Tundulu carbonatite ring-complex in southern Nyasaland. Memoir, Geological Survey of Nyasaland, 2. |
|
Mauritius | |
|
| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Ashwal, Lewis, Torsvik, Trond, Horváth, Péter, Harris, Chris, Webb, Susan, Werner, Stephanie, Corfu, Fernando (2016) A Mantle-derived Origin for Mauritian Trachytes. Journal of Petrology, 57 (9) 1645-1676 doi:10.1093/petrology/egw052 |
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Ashwal, Lewis, Torsvik, Trond, Horváth, Péter, Harris, Chris, Webb, Susan, Werner, Stephanie, Corfu, Fernando (2016) A Mantle-derived Origin for Mauritian Trachytes. Journal of Petrology, 57 (9) 1645-1676 doi:10.1093/petrology/egw052 |
|
| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Ashwal, Lewis, Torsvik, Trond, Horváth, Péter, Harris, Chris, Webb, Susan, Werner, Stephanie, Corfu, Fernando (2016) A Mantle-derived Origin for Mauritian Trachytes. Journal of Petrology, 57 (9) 1645-1676 doi:10.1093/petrology/egw052 |
|
| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Ashwal, Lewis, Torsvik, Trond, Horváth, Péter, Harris, Chris, Webb, Susan, Werner, Stephanie, Corfu, Fernando (2016) A Mantle-derived Origin for Mauritian Trachytes. Journal of Petrology, 57 (9) 1645-1676 doi:10.1093/petrology/egw052 |
|
Mozambique | |
|
| Teale, E. O., & Smith, W. C. (1923). Nepheline-bearing lavas and intrusive rocks from south of the Zambezi River, with a note on an outcrop of Karroo lavas in the Buzi valley, Portuguese East Africa. Geological Magazine, 60(5), 226-237. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800085599 |
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| Unganai, D. A., Imai, A., Takahashi, R., Jamal, D. L., Agangi, A., Hoshide, T., & Sato, H. (2022). Genesis of magmatic ilmenite ores associated with the Mazua ultramafic intrusion, NE Mozambique. Ore Geology Reviews, 104760. |
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| Hurai, V. (2020) Trace Elements in Apatite as Genetic Indicators of the Evate Apatite-Magnetite Deposit, NE Mozambique. Minerals 10, 1125.
Hurai, V., Huraiová, M., Gajdošová, M., Konečný, P., Slobodník, M., & Siegfried, P. R. (2018). Compositional variations of zirconolite from the Evate apatite deposit (Mozambique) as an indicator of magmatic-hydrothermal conditions during post-orogenic collapse of Gondwana. Mineralogy and Petrology, 112(3), 279-296.
Hurai, V., Paquette, J. L., Huraiová, M., Slobodník, M., Hvožďara, P., Siegfried, P., ... & Milovská, S. (2017). New insights into the origin of the Evate apatite-iron oxide-carbonate deposit, Northeastern Mozambique, constrained by mineralogy, textures, thermochronometry, and fluid inclusions. Ore Geology Reviews, 80, 1072-1091.
Gajdošová, M., Huraiová, M., Hurai, V., & Konečný, P. (2017) In situ chemical dating of new accessory minerals from the Evate deposit in Mozambique. CAM–2017 (Conference on Accessory Minerals)
Hurai, V. (2015) Fluid inclusions in apatite indicate low-temperature, metasomatic-infiltration origin of the Evate carbonatite deposit (Mozambique). European Current Research On Fluid Inclusions (ECROFI-XXIII), Leeds - UK, 27 - 29 June, 2015, Extended Abstracts’ Volume
Slobodník, M.
Dillingerová, V.
Blažeková, M.
Huraiová, M. |
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| Lulin, J. M., JOURDE, G., Mestraud, J. L., & Mroz, J. P. (1985). Un nouveau gîte à Nb, Ta,(U, TR) en Afrique orientale: le complexe alcalin de Meponda (République Populaire du Mozambique). Présentation géologique, mode de découverte et méthodes de prospection. Chronique de la recherche minière, (480), 35-48.
Cesbron, F., Lulin, J. M., & Parfenoff, A. (1985). Un type de zircon exceptionnel: le zircon tabulaire {001} du complexe alcalin de Meponda (Mozambique)
signification génétique. Bulletin de minéralogie, 108(6), 825-828. |
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| Cílek, V. G. (1989). Industrial minerals of Mozambique. Geological Survey Office. |
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| Teale, E. O., & Smith, W. C. (1923). Nepheline-bearing lavas and intrusive rocks from south of the Zambezi River, with a note on an outcrop of Karroo lavas in the Buzi valley, Portuguese East Africa. Geological Magazine, 60(5), 226-237. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800085599 |
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| Teale, E. O., & Smith, W. C. (1923). Nepheline-bearing lavas and intrusive rocks from south of the Zambezi River, with a note on an outcrop of Karroo lavas in the Buzi valley, Portuguese East Africa. Geological Magazine, 60(5), 226-237. doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800085599 |
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| Gomes, C. A. L., & Neiva, A. M. (2022). Tourmalines in the Namacotche Li-Cs-Ta granitic pegmatite group, Mozambique: crystal chemistry and origin. Cadernos do Laboratorio Xeolóxico de Laxe. Revista de Xeoloxía Galega e do Hercínico Peninsular, 44, 132-153. |
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| Moiana, M. (2010) Certeza geológica da ocorrência e viabilidade económica para o aproveitamento dos Berilos" True Blue" de Licungo, Zambézia, Moçambique (Doctoral dissertation Universidade do Minho). |
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Rwanda | |
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| Bertossa, A., 1967. Inventaire des minéraux du Rwanda. Bulletin du Service Géologique de Rwanda 4, 25-45. |
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Somalia | |
- Jubaland Autonomous Region
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| Baldanza, B. & Levi-Donati, G.R. (1971) Evidence of Shock-Metamorphic Effects in the Ergheo Meteorite: Mineralogical Magazine 38(294): 197-204. (June 1971). |
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Somaliland | |
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South Africa | |
- Fezile Dabi District Municipality
| Verwoerd W,J. Weder E,E,W., and Harmer, R.E., (1993) The Stukpan carbonatite in the Orange Free State Goldfield. S. Afr J. Geol., 96 (3), 108-118 |
- City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
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- City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
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| Wilson, M. G. C., Anhaeusser, C. R. 1998. The Mineral Resources of South Africa, Handbook 16. Council for Geoscience, 740 p. |
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| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden .
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| USGS Open File report 02-189 |
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- Zululand District Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Capricorn District Municipality
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| Manyeruke, T. D. (2007). Compositional and lithological variation of the Platreef on the farm Nonnenwerth, northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: Implications for the origin of Platinum-group elements (PGE) mineralization (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria). |
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| McCreesh, M. J., Yudovskaya, M. A., Kinnaird, J. A., & Reinke, C. (2018). Platinum-group minerals of the F and T zones, Waterberg Project, far northern Bushveld Complex: implication for the formation of the PGE mineralization. Mineralogical Magazine, 82(3), 539-575. |
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| McCreesh, M. J., Yudovskaya, M. A., Kinnaird, J. A., & Reinke, C. (2018). Platinum-group minerals of the F and T zones, Waterberg Project, far northern Bushveld Complex: implication for the formation of the PGE mineralization. Mineralogical Magazine, 82(3), 539-575. |
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| McCreesh, M. J., Yudovskaya, M. A., Kinnaird, J. A., & Reinke, C. (2018). Platinum-group minerals of the F and T zones, Waterberg Project, far northern Bushveld Complex: implication for the formation of the PGE mineralization. Mineralogical Magazine, 82(3), 539-575. |
- Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality
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| du Plessis, G., Jonck, G.J., and Kruger, R. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 362-370. |
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| du Plessis, G., Jonck, G.J., and Kruger, R. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 362-370. |
- Mopani District Municipality
- Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
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| LM, Z., Sharygin, V. V., & Zhitov, E. Y. (2009) Fairchildite K 2 Ca (CO 3) 2 in carbonatites at Loolekop mine, Phalaborwa Igneous Complex. http://geo.web.ru/conf/alkaline/2009/Zhitova.htm |
- Greater Giyani Local Municipality
| Gan, S., van Reenen. D.D. (1995) Geology of gold deposits in the Southern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt and the adjacent Sutherland Greenstone Belt, South Africa - Franke Mine. South African Journal of Geology, 98(3), 263-275. |
- Sekhukhune District Municipality
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| Atanasova, M., Cairncross, B. and Windisch, W.R. (2016) Microminerals of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Popular Geoscience Series 6, Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa, 110 pg |
- Ephraim Mogale Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
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| Malcolm Southwood (2002) Arsenical Ramblings. British Micromount society Newsletter 61:2-9 |
- Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] South African Journal of Geology, Dec. 2004, V 107, N 4, pp. 505-520. |
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| Schapira, Jessica Shaye, Bolhar, Robert, Master, Sharad, Wilson, Allan H. (2023) Mineralogical, Petrological and Geochemical Characterisation of Chrysotile, Amosite and Crocidolite Asbestos Mine Waste from Southern Africa in Context of Risk Assessment and Rehabilitation. Minerals, 13 (10) doi:10.3390/min13101352 |
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| Kottke-Levin, J. (2011). A geochemical study of the Middle Group chromitites, Helena mine, Bushveld complex, South Africa (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State). |
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| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Oberthür, T., Melcher, F., Goldmann, S., & Fröhlich, F. (2021). High grade ores of the Onverwacht platinum pipe, eastern Bushveld, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 59(6), 1397-1435.
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- Makhuduthamaga Local Municipality
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| Harmer, R. E. (1999). The petrogenetic association of carbonatite and alkaline magmatism: constraints from the Spitskop Complex, South Africa. Journal of Petrology, 40(4), 525-548.
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- Vhembe District Municipality
- Musina Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B. (1991) The Messina Mining District, South Africa. Mineralogical Record 22(3) 187-199 |
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| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden . |
- Waterberg District Municipality
- Bela-Bela Local Municipality
| Atanasova, M., Cairncross, B. and Windisch, W.R. (2016) Microminerals of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Popular Geoscience Series 6, Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa, 146 pg |
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| Atanasova, M., Cairncross, B. and Windisch, W.R. (2016) Microminerals of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Popular Geoscience Series 6, Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa, 223 pg |
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| Mineral Deposits of Southern Africa |
- Modimolle-Mookgophong Local Municipality
| Atanasova, M., Cairncross, B. and Windisch, W.R. (2016) Microminerals of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Popular Geoscience Series 6, Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa, 79 pg |
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| Oberthür, T., Melcher, F., Fusswinkel, T., van den Kerkhof, A. M., & Sosa, G. M. (2018). The hydrothermal Waterberg platinum deposit, Mookgophong (Naboomspruit), South Africa. Part 1: Geochemistry and ore mineralogy. Mineralogical Magazine, 82(3), 725-749. |
- Mogalakwena Local Municipality
| Econ Geol (1986) 81:1096-1104 |
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| Ndhlovu, M. B. (2017). A Mineralogical and Geochemical study of Platinum-Group Minerals and Base-Metal Sulfides in the P1 and P2 units of the Platreef at the Akanani Project Area, Lonmin PLC. University of Johannesburg (South Africa).
Viljoen, F., Ramakoloi, N., Rose, D., & Reinke, C. (2015). Mineral Chemistry of (Pt, Pd)-Bismuthotelluride Minerals In the Platreef At Zwartfontein, Akanani Project, Northern Bushveld Complex, South Africa. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53(6), 1109-1127.
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| Schouwstra, R. (2020) Magmatic PGE Sulphide Mineralization in Clinopyroxenite from the Platreef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Minerals 10, 570.
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| Armitage, P. E. B., McDonald, I., Edwards, S. J., & Manby, G. M. (2002). Platinum-group element mineralization in the Platreef and calc-silicate footwall at Sandsloot, Potgietersrus District, South Africa. Applied Earth Science: Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy: Section B, 111(1), 36-45. |
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| Manyeruke, T. D. (2007). Compositional and lithological variation of the Platreef on the farm Nonnenwerth, northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: Implications for the origin of Platinum-group elements (PGE) mineralization (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria). |
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| McCutcheon, S. (2013). Platinum-group mineral assemblages in the Platreef on Tweefontein, Northern Bushveld complex, South Africa Masters thesis University of the Witwatersrand. |
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| Li C, Ripley EM, Merino E, Maier WD (2004) Replacement of basemetal sulfides by actinolite, epidote, calcite, and magnetite in theUG2 and Merensky Reef of the Bushveld Complex, SouthAfrica. Econ Geol 99:173–184. |
- Ehlanzeni District Municipality
- Mbombela Local Municipality
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Linden .
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| Montinaro, A., Strauss, H., Mason, P. R., Roerdink, D., Münker, C., Schwarz-Schampera, U., ... & Peters, M. (2015). Paleoarchean sulfur cycling: Multiple sulfur isotope constraints from the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa. Precambrian Research, 267, 311-322.
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| Paul Meulenbeld collection Photo ID: 881747 |
- Gert Sibande District Municipality
- Chief Albert Luthuli Local Municipality
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| Gauert, Christoph, and Armin Zeh. (2022) "Downdip Development of the Ni-Cu-PGE-Bearing Mafic to Ultramafic Uitkomst Complex, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa" Minerals 12, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010022
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Viljoen, K.S. |
- Msukaligwa Local Municipality
| PMPB Meulenbeld collection |
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| Paul MPB Meulenbeld collection photo-773731 |
- Nkangala District Municipality
- Thembisile Hani Local Municipality
| Meulenbeld, P.M.P.B., Grote, W. & Verryn, S. (2014) The Albert silver mine and trippkeite occurrence. Rock & Minerals 89(5), 417-422. |
- Victor Khanye Local Municipality
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| SAMS (South African Micromount Society) Datasheet ML 01-01 |
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Robert O. Meyer collection
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| Mineralogical Magazine 1991 55 : 465-477 |
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South Sudan | |
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| Zolensky, M. E., Weisberg, M. K., Buchanan, P. C., & Mittlefehldt, D. W. (1996) Mineralogy of carbonaceous chondrite clasts in HED achondrites and the Moon: Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31(4): 518-537. (July 1996)
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Tanzania | |
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| Martins, T., Chakhmouradian, A.R., and Medici, L. (2014) Perovskite alteration in kimberlites and carbonatites: the role of kassite, CaTi2O4(OH)2. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 41, 473–484.
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| Mitchell, R.H. and Dawson, J.B., (2021) Mineralogy of volcanic calciocarbonatites from the Trig Point Hill debris flow, Kerimasi volcano, Tanzania: implications for the altered natrocarbonatite hypothesis. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(4), pp.484-495. |
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| Manfred Wildner, Anton Beran, Friedrich Koller (2013): Spectroscopic characterisation and crystal field calculations of varicoloured kyanites from Loliondo, Tanzania. Mineral. Petro. 107, 289-310. |
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| Zaitsev, A. N., Marks, M. A. W., Wenzel, T., Spratt, J., Sharygin, V. V., Strekopytov, S., & Markl, G. (2012). Mineralogy, geochemistry and petrology of the phonolitic to nephelinitic Sadiman volcano, Crater Highlands, Tanzania. Lithos, 152, 66-83.
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| Kwelwa, Shimba D., Paulus H. G. M. Dirks, Ioan V. Sanislav, Thomas Blenkinsop, and Sergio L. Kolling. (2018) "Archaean Gold Mineralization in an Extensional Setting: The Structural History of the Kukuluma and Matandani Deposits, Geita Greenstone Belt, Tanzania" Minerals 8, no. 4: 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8040171 |
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| Kwelwa, Shimba D., Paulus H. G. M. Dirks, Ioan V. Sanislav, Thomas Blenkinsop, and Sergio L. Kolling. (2018) "Archaean Gold Mineralization in an Extensional Setting: The Structural History of the Kukuluma and Matandani Deposits, Geita Greenstone Belt, Tanzania" Minerals 8, no. 4: 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8040171 |
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| AngloGold Ashanti Limited |
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| Kwelwa, Shimba D., Paulus H. G. M. Dirks, Ioan V. Sanislav, Thomas Blenkinsop, and Sergio L. Kolling. (2018) "Archaean Gold Mineralization in an Extensional Setting: The Structural History of the Kukuluma and Matandani Deposits, Geita Greenstone Belt, Tanzania" Minerals 8, no. 4: 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8040171 |
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| Evans, D. M., Barrett, F. M., Prichard, H. M., & Fisher, P. C. (2012). Platinum–palladium–gold mineralization in the Nkenja mafic–ultramafic body, Ubendian metamorphic belt, Tanzania. Mineralium Deposita, 47(1-2), 175-196. |
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Barker, D.S. and Nixon, P.H. (1989) High-Ca, low-alkali carbonatite volcanism at Fort Portal, Uganda. Contributions to Minralogy and Petrology.: 103: 166-177. |
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| Hogarth, D.D. & Horne, J.E.T. (1989) Non-metamict uranoan pyrochlore and uranpyrochlore from tuff near Ndale area, Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine: 53: 257-62 |
- Katwe-Kikorongo volcanic field (Katwe volcanic field)
| [var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite] Stoppa, F., Woolley, A. R., Lloyd, F. E., and Eby, N. (2000) Carbonatite lapilli-bearing tuff and a dolomite carbonatite bomb from Murumuli crater, Katwe volcanic field, Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine 64, 641-650.
Stoppa, F., Woolley, A.R., Lloyd, F.E., Eby, N. (2000) Carbonatite lapilli-bearing tuff and a dolomite carbonatite bomb from Murumuli crater, Katwe volcanic field, Uganda. Mineralogical Magazine 64, 641-650. |
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| Cox, Dennis P., Lindsey, David A., Singer, Donald A., Diggles, Michael F. (2003) Sediment-Hosted Copper Deposits of the World: Deposit Models and Database. Open-File Report 2003-107. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr2003107 |
Palabora Mine, Phalaborwa, Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Mopani District Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa