Alum Group
A material that is NOT an approved mineral species
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About Alum Group
Formula:
XAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
A generic term for hydrated sulphates of aluminium (or other trivalent cations) and an alkali (or comparable monovalent cation).
A large number of synthetic analogues are known.
Alums crystallize in one of three different crystal structures. These classes are called α-, β- and γ-alums.
A large number of synthetic analogues are known.
Alums crystallize in one of three different crystal structures. These classes are called α-, β- and γ-alums.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
152
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:152:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
d8453d97-8d8c-4256-8396-0103336ad1d8
Chemistry of Alum Group
Mindat Formula:
XAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0019046 | Alum-(K) | Larson A C, Cromer D T (1967) Refinement of the alum structures. III. X-ray study of the a alums, K, Rb and NH4Al(SO4)2*12H2O Acta Crystallographica 22 793-800 |  | 1967 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0009911 | Alum-(K) | Nyburg S C, Steed J, Aleksovska S, Petrusevski V M (2000) Structure of the alums. I. On the sulfate group disorder in the alpha-alums Acta Crystallographica B56 204-209 | | 2000 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0009912 | Alum-(K) | Nyburg S C, Steed J, Aleksovska S, Petrusevski V M (2000) Structure of the alums. I. On the sulfate group disorder in the alpha-alums Acta Crystallographica B56 204-209 | | 2000 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0009307 | Alum-(Na) | Cromer D T, Kay M I, Larson A C (1967) Refinement of the alum structures. II. X-ray and neutron diffraction of NaAl(SO4)2*12H2O, gamma alum Acta Crystallographica 22 182-187 | | 1967 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0019047 | Alum-(Na) | Larson A C, Cromer D T (1967) Refinement of the alum structures. III. X-ray study of the a alums, K, Rb and NH4Al(SO4)2*12H2O Acta Crystallographica 22 793-800 | | 1967 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0019048 | Tschermigite | Larson A C, Cromer D T (1967) Refinement of the alum structures. III. X-ray study of the a alums, K, Rb and NH4Al(SO4)2*12H2O Acta Crystallographica 22 793-800 | | 1967 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0010843 | Tschermigite | Abdeen A M, Will G, Schaefer W, Kirfel A, Bargouth M O, Recker K, Weiss A (1981) X-ray and neutron diffraction study of alums II. The crystal structure of methylammonium aluminium alum III. The crystal structure of ammonium aluminium alum Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 157 147-166 |  | 1981 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0010844 | Tschermigite | Abdeen A M, Will G, Schafer W, Kirfel A, Bargouth M O, Recker K, Weiss A (1981) X-ray and neutron diffraction study of alums: II. The crystal structure of methylammonium aluminium alum III. The crystal structure of ammonium aluminium alum Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 157 147-166 | | 1981 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0009915 | Lanmuchangite | Nyburg S C, Steed J, Aleksovska S, Petrusevski V M (2000) Structure of the alums. I. On the sulfate group disorder in the alpha-alums Acta Crystallographica B56 204-209 | | 2000 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0009916 | Lanmuchangite | Nyburg S C, Steed J, Aleksovska S, Petrusevski V M (2000) Structure of the alums. I. On the sulfate group disorder in the alpha-alums Acta Crystallographica B56 204-209 | | 2000 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Synonyms of Alum Group
Other Language Names for Alum Group
German:Alaun
Relationship of Alum Group to other Species
Group Members:
| Alum-(K) | KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| Alum-(Na) | NaAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| Lanmuchangite | Tl+Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
| Tschermigite | (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O | Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Alum Group
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-152.html
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References for Alum Group
Localities for Alum Group
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Afghanistan | |
| Orris et al. (2002) |
Argentina | |
| Saravia (1960) |
| Saravia (1960) |
| Saravia (1960) |
| [Alum-(K)] Bengochea +1 other reference |
Austria | |
| [Alum-(K)] Strasser (1989) |
| [Tschermigite] Postl et al. (2020) |
| [Tschermigite] Meixner (1954) |
| Stur 1865 |
| Walter et al. (1983) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lapis 19 (7/8) |
Belgium | |
| [Tschermigite] Leduc et al. (2012) |
Bolivia | |
| [Alum-(K)] [www.hedegaard.com] +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Salomon Rivas & Federico Ahlfeld (1998) |
Brazil | |
| [Tschermigite] Waber et al. (1992) +2 other references |
Bulgaria | |
| [Tschermigite] Elena Shcherbakova (2010) |
Canada | |
| Greengrass et al. (1999) |
Cape Verde | |
| [Alum-(Na)] Silva et al. (2019) |
Chile | |
| [Alum-(K)] Chukanov et al. (2016) |
| [Alum-(K)] Palache et al. (1951) |
| [Alum-(K)] Aguilera et al. (2016) | |
China | |
| [Alum-(K)] Acta Mineral. Sinica: 21 (3) |
| [Tschermigite] Stracher et al. (2005) |
| [Alum-(K)] Wen et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Liu et al. (2024) |
Czech Republic | |
| [Tschermigite] Zacek et al. (1995) |
| [Tschermigite] Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Breiter K. (1976) |
| [Alum-(K)] Breiter K. (1976) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Breiter K. (1976) |
| [Tschermigite] Harapát |
| [Tschermigite] Jirásek (2001) |
| [Alum-(K)] Breiter K. (1976) |
| [Alum-(K)] Breiter K. (1976) |
| [Tschermigite] Scharm +7 other references | |
| [Tschermigite] Dalibor Matýsek |
| [Tschermigite] Dalibor Matýsek | |
| [Tschermigite] Hofmanovi P. a R.: Příspěvek k ... |
| [Alum-(K)] Hršelová et al. (2013) |
| [Tschermigite] www.handbookofmineralogy.org (n.d.) |
| [Tschermigite] Sekanina (1948) +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Duda +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Varilová et al. (2011) |
DR Congo | |
| [Tschermigite] Palache et al. (1951) |
Estonia | |
| Environmental Geology November 1999 |
France | |
| [Tschermigite] Audra et al. (2007) |
| [Tschermigite] Naze-Nancy Masalehdani et al. (2009) |
| R. Pierrot |
| [Tschermigite] www.geoforum.fr (2018) | |
Germany | |
| [Alum-(K)] Walenta (1992) |
| [Alum-(K)] Aufschluss 1984 (1) |
| [Alum-(K)] Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| [Alum-(K)] Weiß (1990) |
| [Alum-(Na)] |
| [Alum-(K)] www.mg-mineralien-fossilien.de (n.d.) +2 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Blaß et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Frenzel (1964) |
| [Alum-(K)] H. Schneider: "Saarland" et al. (Berlin, Stuttgart) |
| [Alum-(K)] Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| [Tschermigite] Thalheim +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] EDX and XRD confirmed by Dr. Th. Witzke |
| [Alum-(K)] T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998 (7/8) |
| [Alum-(Na)] King (n.d.) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| www.untertage.com (n.d.) |
Guatemala | |
| [Alum-(Na)] www.excaliburmineral.com/ |
Hungary | |
| [Alum-(K)] GEODA 2007/1 |
| [Alum-(K)] Lovász & Szabó (2014) |
| [Alum-(K)] Own collecting and analysed (2005) |
| [Alum-(K)] Geoda | |
| [Alum-(Na)] Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| [Tschermigite] Szakáll et al. (1996) |
| [Tschermigite] Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference | |
| [Alum-(Na)] ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII. |
Iran | |
| [Alum-(K)] Bariand et al. (1977) |
Ireland | |
| [Alum-(K)] Alfredo Petrov specimen (obtained from Dr Marco Marcchesini) |
Italy | |
| [Tschermigite] D’Angeli et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Scacchi A. (1849) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Mineralogical Society of America - ... | |
| [Alum-(K)] Russo et al. (2017) |
| [Alum-(K)] Mormone et al. (2015, April) +1 other reference | |
| 70.1911encyclopedia.org (n.d.) | |
| [Tschermigite] Russo et al. (2017) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Russo +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Russo et al. (2004) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Russo et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Pelloux (1927) +3 other references | |
| [Alum-(K)] Del Caldo A. et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Ciriotti et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) |
| [Alum-(K)] Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) | |
| [Alum-(K)] D'Angeli et al. (2018) |
| [Tschermigite] Palache et al. (1951) |
| Russo (2006) |
| [Alum-(K)] Russo (2006) |
| [Alum-(K)] Russo (2006) |
| [Alum-(K)] Campostrini I. et al - Vulcano: ein ... +3 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Cossa (1881) +3 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Panichi (1914) +2 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] COSSA A. (1881) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Campostrini et al. (2011) | |
| Dill (1979) |
| [Alum-(K)] Bazzoni et al. (2015) |
| [Tschermigite] Rögner et al. (2007) |
| Benvenuti M. et al. (Pb-Ag) |
| [Alum-(K)] Biagioni et al. (2019) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Biagioni et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Mauro D. (2016) +1 other reference | |
| [Tschermigite] Coradossi (1973) |
| [Alum-(K)] 9 (2) +3 other references |
Japan | |
| [Tschermigite] Shimobayashi et al. (2011) |
| [Alum-(K)] Ibaraki et al. (1991) |
| [Alum-(K)] Ibaraki et al. (1991) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Alfredo Petrov collection +1 other reference |
| Wakimizu (1908) |
Kenya | |
| [Tschermigite] Bowell et al. (1996) |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Filippov et al. (2013) |
Lebanon | |
| [Alum-(Na)] Kruszewski et al. (South Lebanon) |
Mexico | |
| Panczner (1987) |
New Zealand | |
| [Tschermigite] Martin et al. (1999) |
| [Tschermigite] Johnstone |
| [Tschermigite] Rod Martin et al. (NZ) |
Nicaragua | |
| [Alum-(Na)] Stoiber et al. (1974) |
| Lipson et al. (2024) |
North Macedonia | |
| [Lanmuchangite] EDS and PXRD analyzed by Joy Desor. |
Norway | |
| [Alum-(K)] L. Kruszewski specimen |
Pakistan | |
| [Alum-(K)] M. Qasim Jan et al. (1985) |
Peru | |
| [Tschermigite] Ciesielczuk et al. (2013) |
Poland | |
| [Alum-(K)] Marszałek +2 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Tschermigite] Ciesielczuk et al. (2014) |
| [Alum-(K)] Berg G. 1935: Erläuterungen zu Blatt ... |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Alum-(K)] Lis et al. (1986) |
| [Tschermigite] Fabiańska et al. (Poland) |
| [Tschermigite] Lukasz Kruszewski Minerals arising in cause of underground fires of "Skalny" coal mine dump in Laziska (unpublished) +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Parafiniuk et al. (2009) |
| [Alum-(K)] Łukasz Kruszewski (2012) |
| [Tschermigite] Kruszewski et al. (1 November 2018) +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Ł. Kruszewski PXRD data +1 other reference |
Portugal | |
| [Tschermigite] Marques de Sá et al. (2010) |
| [Alum-(K)] Flahaut et al. (2018, September) |
| [Alum-(K)] Luigi Chiappino collection | |
Romania | |
| J.A. Brem (1853) |
| [Alum-(K)] Łukasz Kruszewski PXRD & pXRF analysis ... |
Russia | |
| [Tschermigite] Cesnokov et al. (1998) |
| Zhuravkova et al. (2019) |
| [Tschermigite] Zhitova et al. (2018) |
| [Tschermigite] Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka |
| [Alum-(K)] Okrugin (2004) | |
| Zhitova et al. (2022) |
Slovakia | |
| [Tschermigite] Koděra (1986) |
South Africa | |
| [Alum-(K)] Martini (1997) |
| [Tschermigite] Cairncross et al. (1995) |
South Korea | |
| [Alum-(K)] Rutgers College Geological Museum ... |
Spain | |
| [Tschermigite] Calvo (2008) |
| [Tschermigite] Crespo et al. (2017) |
Switzerland | |
| [Tschermigite] Stalder et al. (1998) |
| [Alum-(K)] Erik Vercammen collection |
| [Tschermigite] Stalder et al. (1998) |
Tajikistan | |
| [Tschermigite] Lukasz Kruszewski (PXRD) |
| Badalov et al. (1975) |
| [Tschermigite] D.I.Belakovskiy data |
UK | |
| [Alum-(K)] Ford et al. (1993) |
| [Alum-(K)] Hall (1868) |
| [Alum-(K)] Palache et al. (1951) |
| [Alum-(K)] Livingstone et al. (1983) |
USA | |
| Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis ... |
| Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis ... | |
| [Alum-(K)] Anatoly Kasatkin analyses |
| [Alum-(K)] Hanson et al. (2008) |
| Schrader (1915) |
| Schrader (1915) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Keith (1975) | |
| Schrader (1915) |
| Schrader & Hill (1915) |
| Schrader (1915) |
| [Alum-(K)] Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Adams et al. (2014) |
| [Tschermigite] Adams et al. (2014) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Dana 7: I: 143 +2 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] California State University (2000) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 265. +3 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| [Tschermigite] Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 265. +4 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Eckel et al. (1997) |
| [Tschermigite] GSA Field Guide 10 (2007) |
| [Alum-(K)] Minerals of Colorado (1997) |
| Samuel Robinson (1825) |
| Samuel Robinson (1825) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Cook (1978) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Erd et al. (1960) |
| [Alum-(K)] Erd et al. (1960) |
| [Alum-(K)] Erd et al. (1960) |
| [Alum-(K)] Erd et al. (1960) | |
| [Alum-(K)] Erd et al. (1960) |
| [Tschermigite] Hower et al. (2013) |
| Ref: Minerals of the Washington |
| Report upon the condition and progress ... |
| Longwell et al. (1965) |
| [Alum-(K)] Uwe Kolitsch (SXRD-analysis) +3 other references |
| [Alum-(K)] Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| [Tschermigite] Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| NMBMMR Bull 81 Summary of the Mineral ... | |
| Lindgren et al. (1910) |
| [Alum-(Na)] | |
| Hash and Van Horn | |
| Its Natural Wealth +1 other reference | |
| Bannister (1869) | |
| [Alum-(Na)] Mineralogical Record March - April 2000 |
| [Tschermigite] Richards et al. (2017) |
| [Alum-(K)] Carlson (2015) |
| [Alum-(K)] Carlson (2015) |
| [Alum-(K)] Carlson (2015) |
| [Tschermigite] Lapham (Oct, 1972) +2 other references |
| [Tschermigite] Matt Livingood |
| [Tschermigite] Montgomery (Sep, 1972) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Montgomery (Jan, 1963) +2 other references |
| [Tschermigite] Finkelman et al. (1974) +1 other reference |
| [Alum-(K)] Downey et al. (1974) +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Lapham (Oct, 1972) +2 other references | |
| www.gamineral.org |
| [Alum-(K)] Bernard et al. (2004) |
| Ransom (1974 ) |
| [Tschermigite] Palache et al. (1951) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| [Tschermigite] Wendlandt et al. (2006) |
| [Alum-(K)] Bullock (1981) |
| Morrill & Chaffee |
| Child | |
| Valentine et al. (1956) +1 other reference |
| [Tschermigite] Palache et al. (1951) |
Pécs-Vasas, Pécs District, Baranya County, Hungary