Titanomaghemite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Titanomaghemite
Formula:
(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
In allusion to its titanium content and relationship to maghemite.
May form by natural oxidation of original titanomagneite.
Occurs as inclusions in hematite in sea-floor basalt (Mid-Atlantic Ridge).
Also as grains in a doleritic intrusion in an area of Precambrian gneiss in Minas Gerais, Brazil; the grains host exsolution lamellae of ilmenite parallel to {111} (Allan et al., 1989).
Occurs as inclusions in hematite in sea-floor basalt (Mid-Atlantic Ridge).
Also as grains in a doleritic intrusion in an area of Precambrian gneiss in Minas Gerais, Brazil; the grains host exsolution lamellae of ilmenite parallel to {111} (Allan et al., 1989).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
29152
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:29152:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
0154ff1d-e9ec-4184-a2fc-0770e6b4fe44
IMA Classification of Titanomaghemite
Approved
IMA status notes:
Redefined by the IMA
IMA Formula:
(Ti0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4
Approval history:
Grandfathered (first described prior to 1959).
Marked as a questionable mineral in IMA list of Minerals as Fe(Fe,Ti)2O4.
2018: Redefined by IMA as (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe2O4 (Bosi et al., 2019).
Marked as a questionable mineral in IMA list of Minerals as Fe(Fe,Ti)2O4.
2018: Redefined by IMA as (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe2O4 (Bosi et al., 2019).
Classification of Titanomaghemite
4.BB.15
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Tmgh | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Titanomaghemite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Chemistry of Titanomaghemite
Mindat Formula:
(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Titanomaghemite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
4 3 2 - Gyroidal
Space Group:
P43 3 2
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.348(3) Å
Unit Cell V:
581.76 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001136 | Titanomaghemite | Collyer S, Grimes N W, Vaughan D J, Longworth G (1988) Studies of the crystal structure and crystal chemistry of titanomaghemite American Mineralogist 73 153-160 |  | 1988 | Pretoria, South Africa | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Titanomaghemite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, London, UK, specimen BM1929,1687, is considered as the neotype (Bosi et al. 2019)
Other Language Names for Titanomaghemite
Russian:Титаномаггемит
Relationship of Titanomaghemite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Cochromite | CoCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Coulsonite | Fe2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Cuprospinel | Cu2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) |
| Dellagiustaite | V2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Deltalumite | (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4 | Tet. 4 2m : P4m2 |
| Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Galaxite | Mn2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Guite | Co2+Co3+2O4 | Iso. |
| Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Jacobsite-Q | Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| Maghemite | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 | Iso. 4 3 2 : P41 3 2 |
| Magnesiochromite | MgCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Magnesiocoulsonite | MgV2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) |
| Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Nichromite | (Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Spinel | MgAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Thermaerogenite | CuAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Trevorite | Ni2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| UM1994-06-O:AlCo | CoAl2O4 | |
| Vuorelainenite | Mn2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
| Zincochromite | ZnCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 1 photo of Titanomaghemite associated with Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.BB. | Elgoresyite | (Mg5Si2)O9 |
| 4.BB. | Chenmingite | FeCr2O4 |
| 4.BB. | Dellagiustaite | V2+Al2O4 |
| 4.BB. | Thermaerogenite | CuAl2O4 |
| 4.BB. | Chukochenite | LiAl5O8 |
| 4.BB. | Garpenbergite | Mn6◻AsSbO10(OH)2 |
| 4.BB. | Magnéliite | Ti3+2Ti4+2O7 |
| 4.BB. | Jianmuite | ZrTi4+Ti3+5Al3O16 |
| 4.BB.05 | Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Cochromite | CoCr2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Coulsonite | Fe2+V3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Cuprospinel | Cu2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Filipstadite | (Fe3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mn2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Galaxite | Mn2+Al2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnesiocoulsonite | MgV2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnesiochromite | MgCr2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Nichromite | (Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Trevorite | Ni2+Fe3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Ulvöspinel | TiFe2+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Vuorelainenite | Mn2+V3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Zincochromite | ZnCr2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Harmunite | CaFe2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Wernerkrauseite | Ca(Fe3+,Mn3+)2Mn4+O6 |
| 4.BB.05 | Deltalumite | (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4 |
| 4.BB.05 | Guite | Co2+Co3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.10 | Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.10 | Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| 4.BB.10 | Manganostibite | (Mn,Fe)7SbAsO12 |
| 4.BB.15 | Maghemite | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 |
| 4.BB.20 | Tegengrenite | (Mn3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mg2O4 |
| 4.BB.25 | Xieite | Fe2+Cr2O4 |
| 4.BB.30 | Carmeltazite | ZrAl2Ti4O11 |
| 4.BB.35 | Feiite | Fe2+2(Fe2+Ti4+)O5 |
| 4.BB.40 | Maohokite | MgFe2O4 |
| 4.BB.45 | Tschaunerite | (Fe2+)(Fe2+Ti4+)O4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Titanomaghemite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-29152.html
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References for Titanomaghemite
Localities for Titanomaghemite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Bernard et al. (2004) | |
Brazil | |
| Allan et al. (1989) |
Germany | |
| Collection of Volker Betz |
India | |
| Canadian Mineralogist (1965) |
Poland | |
| Harańczyk C. (Polish Carpathians) |
Sierra Leone | |
| Haggerty et al. (1990) |
South Africa (TL) | |
| American Mineralogist (1988) +1 other reference |
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Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Eberbach, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany