Wadalite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Wadalite
Dr Tsunashiro Wada
Formula:
(Ca,Mg)6(Al,Fe3+)4((Si,Al)O4)3O4Cl3
Colour:
Lemon-yellow, colourless, grey, black
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Specific Gravity:
3.06 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Tsunashiro Wada (1856, Japan - 20 December 1920, Tokyo, Japan), the first director general of the Geological Survey of Japan. He also variously served as professor at the Faculty of Science of the Imperial University of Tokyo, as the director-general of Mining Affairs of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce and as the Commissioner of Steelworks. He helped to establish the modern study of mineralogy in Japan.
Type Locality:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4226
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4226:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
caa08d5f-8d5d-4a7d-ba58-708a162deae1
IMA Classification of Wadalite
Classification of Wadalite
9.AD.25
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
D : Nesosilicates without additional anions; cations in [6] and/or greater coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
D : Nesosilicates without additional anions; cations in [6] and/or greater coordination
51.4.5.1
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination
51 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only
4 : Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Wdl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Wadalite
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Lemon-yellow, colourless, grey, black
Comment:
In thin section, wadalite is transparent and colorless to pale yellowish brown.
Streak:
White
Cleavage:
None Observed
Density:
3.06 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Wadalite
Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 1.700 - 1.712
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
High
Chemistry of Wadalite
Mindat Formula:
(Ca,Mg)6(Al,Fe3+)4((Si,Al)O4)3O4Cl3
Common Impurities:
Mg,Fe
Crystallography of Wadalite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
4 3m - Hextetrahedral
Space Group:
I4 3d
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.009(2) Å
Unit Cell V:
1,731.89 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Tris-tetrahedral crystals showing dominant {211} and truncated by {211}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010280 | Wadalite | Tsukimura K, Kanazawa Y, Aoki M, Bunno M (1993) Structure of wadalite Ca6Al5Si2O16Cl3 Acta Crystallographica C49 205-207 |  | 1993 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0014725 | Wadalite | Mihajlovic T, Lengauer C L, Ntaflos T, Lolitsch U, Tillmanns E (2004) Two new minerals, rondorfite, Ca8Mg[SiO4]4Cl2, and almarudite, K(box,Na)2(Mn,Fe,Mg)2(Be,Al)3[Si12O30], and a study of iron-rich wadalite, Ca12[(Al8Si4Fe2)O32]C16, from the Bellerberg (Bellberg) volcano, Eifel, Germany Eastern Eifel volcanic area, Eifel, Germany Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen 179 265-294 | 2004 | Bellerberg volcano lava field, 2 km N of Mayen, | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.912 Å | (15) |
| 3.215 Å | (11) |
| 3.008 Å | (48) |
| 2.691 Å | (100) |
| 2.565 Å | (9) |
| 2.456 Å | (46) |
| 2.360 Å | (21) |
| 2.197 Å | (19) |
| 1.952 Å | (10) |
| 1.737 Å | (13) |
| 1.702 Å | (8) |
| 1.669 Å | (34) |
| 1.637 Å | (8) |
| 1.608 Å | (31) |
| 1.504 Å | (14) |
| 1.481 Å | (8) |
| 1.399 Å | (9) |
| 1.363 Å | (4) |
| 1.345 Å | (9) |
| 1.313 Å | (16) |
| 1.283 Å | (9) |
| 1.215 Å | (7) |
| 1.117 Å | (17) |
Comments:
Mihajlović, T., Lengauer, C.L., Ntaflos, T., Kolitsch, U., Tillmanns, E. (2004) Two new minerals rondorfite, Ca8Mg[SiO4]4Cl2, and almarudite, K(ٱ,Na)2(Mn,Fe,Mg)2(Be,Al)3[Si12O30], and a study of iron-rich wadalite, Ca12[(Al8Si4Fe2)O32]Cl6, from the Bellerberg (Bellberg) volcano, Eifel, Germany. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 179: 265-294.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
| 6 : Secondary asteroid phases | 4.566-4.560 |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Type Occurrence of Wadalite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Tris-tetrahedral crystals up to 1 mm in size. Along margins and fractures, it is partially replaced by katoite. There are also pseudomorphs of katoite and other species after wadalite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geological Museum, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba, Japan, number GSJ M17112 (holotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Calcsilicate xenolith in two-pyroxene andesite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Wadalite
Other Language Names for Wadalite
Relationship of Wadalite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Adrianite | Ca12(Al4Mg3Si7)O32Cl6 | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d |
| Eltyubyuite | Ca12Fe3+10Si4O32Cl6 | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Wadalite associated with Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| 1 photo of Wadalite associated with Rusinovite | Ca10(Si2O7)3Cl2 |
| 1 photo of Wadalite associated with Cuspidine | Ca8(Si2O7)2F4 |
| 1 photo of Wadalite associated with Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Wadalite associated with Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.AD. | Adrianite | Ca12(Al4Mg3Si7)O32Cl6 |
| 9.AD.05 | Larnite | Ca2SiO4 |
| 9.AD.10 | Calcio-olivine | Ca2SiO4 |
| 9.AD.15 | Merwinite | Ca3Mg(SiO4)2 |
| 9.AD.20 | Bredigite | Ca7Mg(SiO4)4 |
| 9.AD.25 | Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Almandine | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Calderite | Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Goldmanite | Ca3V3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Grossular | Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Henritermierite | Ca3Mn3+2(SiO4)2[◻(OH)4] |
| 9.AD.25 | Kimzeyite | Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(AlO4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Knorringite | Mg3Cr2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Majorite | Mg3(MgSi)(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Morimotoite | Ca3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Schorlomite | Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Spessartine | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Uvarovite | Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 va | Hydrougrandite | (Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2] |
| 9.AD.25 va | Yamatoite | (Mn2+,Ca)3(V3+,Al)2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Holtstamite | Ca3Al2(SiO4)2[◻(OH)4] |
| 9.AD.25 | Khoharite | Mg3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Kerimasite | Ca3Zr2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Toturite | Ca3Sn2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Momoiite | Mn2+3V3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Eringaite | Ca3Sc2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Irinarassite | Ca3Sn2(SiO4)(AlO4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | Menzerite-(Y) | (Y2Ca)Mg2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Eltyubyuite | Ca12Fe3+10Si4O32Cl6 |
| 9.AD.25 | Blythite | Mn2+3Mn3+2[SiO4]3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Skiagite | Fe2+3Fe3+2[SiO4]3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Hutcheonite | Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(AlO4)2 |
| 9.AD.25 | UM1984-37-SiO:CrMn | Mn2+3Cr3+2(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.25 | Rubinite | Ca3Ti3+2Si3O12 |
| 9.AD.25 | Nikmelnikovite | Ca12(Fe2+Fe3+3Al3◻)[SiO4]6[◻(OH)4]5◻4 |
| 9.AD.25 | Midbarite | Ca3Mg2(V2Si)O12 |
| 9.AD.30 va | Auerlite | near Th(Si,P)O4 |
| 9.AD.30 | Coffinite | U(SiO4) · nH2O |
| 9.AD.30 | Hafnon | HfSiO4 |
| 9.AD.30 | Thorite | Th(SiO4) |
| 9.AD.30 | Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| 9.AD.30 | Stetindite-(Ce) | Ce(SiO4) |
| 9.AD.35 | Huttonite | ThSiO4 |
| 9.AD.35 | Tombarthite-(Y) | Y4(Si,H4)4O12-x(OH)4+2x |
| 9.AD.40 | Eulytine | Bi4(SiO4)3 |
| 9.AD.45 | Reidite | ZrSiO4 |
| 9.AD.55 | Jeffbenite | Mg3Al2Si3O12 |
Fluorescence of Wadalite
Not fluorescent in ultraviolet.
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Wadalite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4226.html
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References for Wadalite
Reference List:
Tsukimura, K., Kanazawa, Y., Aoki, M., Bunno, M. (1993) Structure of wadalite Ca6Al5Si2O16Cl3. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, 49 (2) 205-207 doi:10.1107/s0108270192005481
Jambor, John L., Vanko, David A. (1993) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 78 (11-12) 1314-1319
Mihajlović, Tamara, Lengauer, Christian L., Ntaflos, Theodoros, Kolitsch, Uwe, Tillmanns, Ekkehart (2004) Two new minerals, rondorfite, Ca8Mg[SiO4]4Cl2, and almarudite, K(□,Na)2(Mn,Fe,Mg)2(Be,Al)3 [Si12O30], and a study of iron-rich wadalite, Ca12[(Al8Si4Fe2)O32]Cl6, from the Bellerberg (Bellberg) volcano, Eifel, Germany. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 179 (3) 265-294 doi:10.1127/0077-7757/2004/0179-0265
Localities for Wadalite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic | |
| Hršelová et al. (2013) |
Georgia | |
| Galuskina et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| T. Mihajlović +2 other references |
| Galuskin et al. (2016) | |
| in the collection of Christof Schäfer | |
Indonesia | |
| Knuever et al. (2023) | |
Japan (TL) | |
| Tsukimura et al. (1993) +3 other references |
| Banno et al. (2023) |
Mexico | |
| Krot et al. (2015) |
| Mandarino (2001) |
Russia | |
| Sharygin (2015) |
| Bailau +1 other reference |
| American Mineralogist +1 other reference | |
| Galuskina et al. (2015) | |
| Galuskin et al. (2011) | |
| Galuskina et al. (2010) |
Ukraine | |
| Шарыгин (2015) |
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Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany