Mindat Logo
Home Page Log In Message Board The Mindat Directory
Register Search Pages Chat Now! (2 online) Mindat Auctions

Hetaerolite

Big Photo

Mohawk Mine, Clark Mts, San Bernardino Co., California, USA
© 2003 ROM

Show Hetaerolite Photos (6)
Formula:
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
System:TetragonalColour:Black
Hardness:6
Name:From the Greek έταίρος, companion, in allusion to the association with chalcophanite on some type locality specimens.


See also the poorly characterised hydrohetaerolite.

Classification of Hetaerolite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/B.05-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.BB.10

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:7.2.7.2

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
Hey's CIM Ref.:7.5.6

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
5 : Oxides of Zn, Cd and Hg
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-1883.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Hetaerolite

Type Locality:Passaic Pit (Marshall Mine; Passaic Mine), Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
Year of Discovery:1877

Physical Properties of Hetaerolite

Lustre:Sub-Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent on thin edges, Opaque
Colour:Black
Streak:Dark brown
Hardness (Mohs):6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
{001}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):5.18 g/cm3
Density (calculated):5.23 g/cm3

Crystallography of Hetaerolite

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Class (H-M):4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:I41/amd (I41/a 2/m 2/d)
Cell Parameters:a = 5.72Å, c = 9.24Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.615
Unit Cell Volume:V 302.32 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Hetaerolite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 2.340 nε = 2.140
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.200

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High

Chemical Properties of Hetaerolite

Formula:
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
Essential elements:Mn, O, Zn
All elements listed in formula:Mn, O, Zn

Relationship of Hetaerolite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
4.BB.05Brunogeierite
(Ge,Fe)Fe
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Chromite
FeCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Cochromite
(Co,Ni,Fe)(Cr,Al)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Coulsonite
FeV
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Cuprospinel
Cu
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Filipstadite
(Mn,Mg)
 
2
(Sb
 
.5
Fe
 
.5
)O
 
4
4.BB.05Franklinite
Zn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Gahnite
ZnAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Galaxite
(Mn,Fe,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Hercynite
FeAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Jacobsite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Manganochromite
(Mn,Fe)(Cr,V)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesiocoulsonite
MgV
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesiochromite
MgCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnesioferrite
MgFe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Magnetite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Nichromite
(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Qandilite
(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Ti,Fe,Al)O
 
4
4.BB.05Spinel
MgAl
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Trevorite
Ni
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Ulvöspinel
Fe
 
2
TiO
 
4
4.BB.05Vuorelainenite
(Mn,Fe)(V,Cr)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Zincochromite
ZnCr
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.05Tegengrenite
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Sb
5+
0.5
(Mn
3+
 
,Si,Ti)
 
0.5
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hausmannite
MnMn
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.10Hydrohetaerolite
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
·H
 
2
O
4.BB.10Iwakiite
Mn(Fe,Mn)
 
2
O
 
4
4.BB.15Maghemite
Fe
 
2
O
 
3
4.BB.15Titanomaghemite
Fe
3+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Ti
4+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,[])
 
2
O
 
4
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
7.5.1Zincite
(Zn,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)O
7.5.2Sweetite
Zn(OH)
 
2
7.5.3Ashoverite
Zn(OH)
 
2
7.5.4Wülfingite
Zn(OH)
 
2
7.5.5Gahnite
ZnAl
 
2
O
 
4
7.5.7Hydrohetaerolite
ZnMn
 
2
O
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.5.8Chalcophanite
(Zn,Fe,Mn)Mn
 
3
O
 
7
·3H
 
2
O
7.5.9Woodruffite
Zn(Mn
4+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)
 
5
O
 
10
·3½H
 
2
O
7.5.10Franklinite
Zn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
O
 
4
7.5.11Monteponite
CdO
7.5.12Montroydite
HgO

Other Names for Hetaerolite

Synonyms:
Hetaerolite (of Moore)Zinc Hausmannite
German names:
Hetaerolit
Russian names:
Гетеролит
Spanish names:
Hetaerolita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Hetaerolite

Reference List:Moore (1877), American Journal of Science: 14: 423.

Palache, C. (1935), The Mineals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, New Jersey, USGS Professional Paper 180: 48.

Frondel and Heinrich (1942), American Mineralogist: 27: 48.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 715-718.

American Mineralogist (1973): 58: 1067.

Internet Links for Hetaerolite

Search Engines:
  • Look for Hetaerolite on Google
  • Look for Hetaerolite images on Google
    • External Links:
  • Look for Hetaerolite on Webmineral
  • Look for Hetaerolite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Hetaerolite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Hetaerolite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Hetaerolite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Hetaerolite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
  • Wilensky Fine Minerals
  • Find Hetaerolite on www.crystalclassics.co.uk
  • Mineral Classics - Worldwide Collector Quality Minerals and Gems
  • Buy from David K Joyce minerals
  • Fine Minerals from Dan Weinrich Minerals
  • Buy Minerals and Crystals from Crystalarium.com
  • Lapis Mineral Magazin
  • Wright's Rock Shop - excellent mineral specimens since 1970
  • Top quality minerals from Kristalle of California
  • Wendel Minerals - Auktion & Shop
  • Fabre Minerals - search for Hetaerolite specimens
  • e-Rocks - Mineral Auctions and Sales
    • Jobs:
  • Mining & Geology Jobs

    • Page Sponsor

    Sponsorship:This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to find out how you can sponsor this page.

    Localities for Hetaerolite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    These maps work faster with Firefox!
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Eyre peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		www.crocoite.com (Steve Sorrell) and refs therein
      • Flinders Ranges
        • South Flinders Ranges
          • Bunkers Range
            • Wirrealpa area
    Bulgaria
     
    • Plovdiv Oblast
      • Rhodope Mts
        • Madan
          • Rudosem
    		Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Annual Report No. 13, 43-45.
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Eifel Mts
        • Mechernich
    		Blass, G., Graf , HW., (1994): Neufunde von Bekannten Fundorten (IX), MW 1/1994
      • Siegerland
        • Müsen
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Lahn valley
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamareza; Kamariza)
    		No reference listed
          • Sounion Area
            • Agia Varvara Mines (St Barbara Mines)
    		Lapis, 24, 7/8, (1999)
    Italy
     
    • Sardinia
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Domusnovas
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan)
    Namibia
     
    • Karas Region
      • Lüderitz District
        • Rosh Pinah
    		Borg, G., Karner, K., Buxton, M., Armstrong, R., Schalk van der Merwe, W. (2003): Geology of the Skorpion supergene zinc deposit, southern Namibia. Economic Geology, 98, 749-771.
    Norway
     
    • Oppland
      • Lunner
        • Grua Mining District
    		NHM, Oslo XRD / SEM-EDS
    South Africa
     
    • Northwest Province
      • Marico District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Martigny
    		MEISSER, N. et PERSEIL, E.A. (1993): Présence de woodruffite, (Zn, Mn+2)Mn3+4O7 . 1-2 H2O, d'hetaerolite, ZnMn2O4, et d'hydrohetaerolite, HZnMn2-xO4, dans un skarn du Mont Chemin (Valais, Suisse). Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 73, 11-19.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Lizard Peninsula
          • St Keverne
            • Kennack
    		No reference listed
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		[Mineralogical Record Vol 12 No.5 pp307]
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 249; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 39.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 249; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 39.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 249, 274.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 249; Wilson, W.E. (1987b), What's new in minerals? The 79 Mine aurichalcite story, Min.Rec.: 18: 299-301.
    Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 39.
          • Tombstone
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 249; Butler, B.S., et al (1938b), Geology and ore deposits of the Tombstone district, AZ, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 143; Rasor, C.A. (1939), Manganese mineralization at Tombstone, AZ, Econ.Geol.: 34: 790-803; Hewett, D.F. & M. Fleischer (1960), Deposits of the manganese oxides, Econ.Geol.: 55: 1-55.
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Hayden area
              • Hayden
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 249; Keith, S.B. (1972), Mineralogy and paragenesis of the 79 mine lead-zinc-copper deposit, Min.Rec.: 3: 247-264.
      • Pinal Co.
        • Pinal Mts
          • Pioneer District
            • Superior
    		Anthony, J. W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 250, 339; Dean, et al (1952), Concentration of oxide manganese ores from vicinity of Winkleman, Pinal Co., AZ, US Bur Mines Rept. Inv. 4848.
    • California
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Clark Mts
    		[Mineralien Welt 1/93:44]
        • Holcomb Valley
          • Fawnskin
    		Leavens & Patton: Axis 4 (1)13p (2008)
    • Colorado
      • Lake Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Montana
      • Granite Co.
        • Philipsburg District (Flint Creek District)
    		Geology and Ore Deposits of the Philipsburg District, Granite Co., Montana; William C. Prinz, 1967
    Geology and Ore Deposits of the Philipsburg District, Granite Co., Montana; William C. Prinz, 1967
    Geology and Ore Deposits of the Philipsburg District, Granite Co., Montana; William C. Prinz, 1967
    • Nevada
      • Mineral Co.
        • Candelaria District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • White Pine Co.
        • Muncy Creek District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Palache(1935):49; Dunn(1995):Pt4:598-599.
          • Ogdensburg
            • Sterling Hill
    		Dunn(1995):Pt4:598.
    Frondel, C. & Heinrich, E.W.: Am.Min.:27:48-56 (1942); Frondel, C. & Klein, C., Jr.: Am.Min.:50:1670-1680 (1965); Dunn(1995):Pt4:598-599.
    • New Mexico
      • Eddy Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Santa Fe Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Min Rec 20:1 p63
      • Socorro Co.
    		M Massis collection
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Utah
      • Utah Co.
        • East Tintic Mts
          • East Tintic District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland West
      • Kadoma District
    		Vetter, U., Weck, H.-D., Weale, T., Klosa, D., Wittich, C. and Hoffmann, K. (1999): A provisional inventory of the Sanyati oxide-zone minerals, Zimbabwe. Z. Angew. Geol. 45, 15-21.
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
    www.mindat.org Web
    Copyright © Jolyon & Ida Ralph 1993-2008. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.