Erionite Subgroup
A group of related mineral species
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About Erionite Subgroup
Formula:
M2[Al4Si14O36] Β· 15H2O
M=Ca, K2 or Na2
Lustre:
Silky
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1898 by Arthur Starr Eakle from the Greek Ξ΅ΟΞΉΞΏΞ½ meaning wool in allusion to the "wooly" appearance of the type material. Erionite was first found at the Durkee Fire Opal Mine, Swayze Creek, Durkee, Baker Co., Oregon (Tschernich, 1992). In modern nomenclature, the original erionite was erionite-Na, but potassium was nearly equal to sodium.
This name now refers to a group of related minerals. Erionite minerals have the average chemical formula Ca3K2Na2[Al10Si26O72].30H2O (Z = 1), whereas the closely related offretite has the average chemical formula CaKMg[Al5Si13O36].16H2O (Z = 1).
NOTE: The zeolite mineral species epitaxially overgrown on lΓ©vyne in all cases is identified as erionite (Passaglia et al., 1998).
NOTE: The zeolite mineral species epitaxially overgrown on lΓ©vyne in all cases is identified as erionite (Passaglia et al., 1998).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1399
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1399:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
d1e14ca3-6969-4dbf-8217-9d6bae4f69a5
Classification of Erionite Subgroup
16.10.25
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
10 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and alkalis
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
10 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and alkalis
Pronunciation of Erionite Subgroup
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Erionite Subgroup
Silky
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Chemistry of Erionite Subgroup
Mindat Formula:
M2[Al4Si14O36] Β· 15H2O
M=Ca, K2 or Na2
M=Ca, K2 or Na2
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0002001 | Erionite-Ca | Gualtieri A, Artioli G, Passaglia E, Bigi S, Viani A, Hanson J C (1998) Crystal structure-crystal chemistry relationships in the zeolites erionite and offretite Sample from Lady Hill American Mineralogist 83 590-606 | 1998 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002002 | Erionite-Ca | Gualtieri A, Artioli G, Passaglia E, Bigi S, Viani A, Hanson J C (1998) Crystal structure-crystal chemistry relationships in the zeolites erionite and offretite Sample from Shourdo American Mineralogist 83 590-606 | 1998 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002003 | Erionite-Ca | Gualtieri A, Artioli G, Passaglia E, Bigi S, Viani A, Hanson J C (1998) Crystal structure-crystal chemistry relationships in the zeolites erionite and offretite Sample from Tunguska American Mineralogist 83 590-606 | 1998 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002004 | Erionite-Ca | Gualtieri A, Artioli G, Passaglia E, Bigi S, Viani A, Hanson J C (1998) Crystal structure-crystal chemistry relationships in the zeolites erionite and offretite Sample from Agate Beach American Mineralogist 83 590-606 | 1998 | 0 | 293 | ||
0004973 | Erionite-K | Ballirano P, Andreozzi G B, Dogan M, Dogan A U (2009) Crystal structure and iron topochemistry of erionite-K from Rome, Oregon, U.S.A. American Mineralogist 94 1262-1270 | 2009 | Rome, Oregon, USA | 0 | 293 | |
0014439 | Erionite-K | Staples L W, Gard J A (1959) The fibrous zeolite erionite; its occurrence, unit cell, and structure Mineralogical Magazine 32 261-281 | 1959 | Durkee opal mine, Swayze Creek, Baker County, Oregon, USA | 0 | 293 | |
0020041 | Erionite-Na | Cametti G, Pacella A, Mura F, Rossi M, Ballirano P (2013) New morphological, chemical, and structural data of woolly erionite-Na from Durkee, Oregon, U.S.A. American Mineralogist 98 2155-2163 | 2013 | Durkee, Oregon, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
Synonyms of Erionite Subgroup
Other Language Names for Erionite Subgroup
Relationship of Erionite Subgroup to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Alflarsenite | NaCa2Be3Si4O13(OH) Β· 2H2O | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Amicite | K2Na2Al4Si4O16 Β· 5H2O | Mon. 2 |
Ammonioleucite | (NH4)(AlSi2O6) | Tet. 4/m : I41/a |
Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) Β· H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Bellbergite | (K,Ba,Sr)2Sr2Ca2(Ca,Na)4[Al3Si3O12]6 Β· 30H2O | Hex. |
Bikitaite | LiAlSi2O6 Β· H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Boggsite | Ca8Na3(Si,Al)96O192 Β· 70H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma |
Brewsterite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup | M[Al2Si4O12] Β· 6H2O | |
Chiavennite | CaMnBe2Si5O13(OH)2 Β· 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Clinoptilolite Subgroup | M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 Β· 20H2O | |
Cowlesite | CaAl2Si3O10 Β· 6H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Dachiardite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Direnzoite | NaK6MgCa2(Al13Si47O120) Β· 36H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn |
Edingtonite | Ba[Al2Si3O10] Β· 4H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Epistilbite | CaAl2Si6O16 Β· 5H2O | Mon. |
Faujasite Subgroup | M3.5[Al7Si17O48] Β· 32H2O | |
Ferrierite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Ferrochiavennite | Ca1-2Fe[(Si,Al,Be)5Be2O13(OH)2] Β· 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
FlΓΆrkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32] Β· 12H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Garronite Subgroup | ||
Gaultite | Na4Zn2Si7O18 Β· 5H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
Gismondine Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Gmelinite Subgroup | In 1997, gmelinite was split into Gmelinite-Ca, Gmelinite-Na and Gmelinite-K. | |
Gobbinsite | Na5(Si11Al5)O32 Β· 11H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
Goosecreekite | Ca[Al2Si6O16] Β· 5H2O | Mon. 2 : P21 |
Gottardiite | Na3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272 Β· 93H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmca |
Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] Β· nH2O | |
Hsianghualite | Ca3Li2(Be3Si3O12)F2 | Iso. 4 3 2 : I41 3 2 |
Kirchhoffite | Cs(BSi2O6) | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd |
Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 Β· 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Loomisite | Ba[Be2P2O8] Β· H2O | Mon. m |
Lovdarite | K2Na6Be4Si14O36 Β· 9H2O | Orth. mm2 |
Maricopaite | Pb7Ca2(Si,Al)48O100 Β· 32H2O | Orth. |
Martinandresite | Ba2(Al4Si12O32) Β· 10H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmn |
Mazzite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Merlinoite | (K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 Β· 23H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Immm |
Montesommaite | (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64 Β· 10H2O | Orth. mm2 : Fdd2 |
Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 Β· 28H2O | Orth. |
Mutinaite | Na3Ca4Si85Al11O192 Β· 60H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
Nabesite | Na2BeSi4O10 Β· 4H2O | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Natrolite Subgroup | A subgroup of the Zeolite Group. | |
Offretite | KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 Β· 15H2O | Hex. 6 m2 : P6m2 |
Pahasapaite | Li8(Ca,Li,K)10.5Be24(PO4)24 Β· 38H2O | Iso. 2 3 : I2 3 |
ParthΓ©ite | Ca2(Si4Al4) O15 (OH)2 Β· 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Paulingite Subgroup | Paulingite was originally described in 1960. | |
Perlialite | K9Na(Ca,Sr)[Al2Si4O12]6 Β· 15H2O | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mmm |
Phillipsite Subgroup | Zeolite Group. | |
Pollucite | (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12) Β· 2H2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d |
Roggianite | Ca2Be(OH)2Al2Si4O13 Β· 2.5H2O | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mcm |
Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] Β· nH2O | |
Terranovaite | (Na,Ca)8(Si68Al12)O160 Β· 29H2O | Orth. |
Thomsonite Subgroup | The large majority of "thomsonite" is thomsonite-Ca. | |
Tschernichite | (Ca,Na2)[Al2Si4O12] Β· 4-8H2O | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/mmm |
TschΓΆrtnerite | Ca4(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)3Cu3[Al3Si3O12]4(OH)8 Β· nH2O | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m |
UM1996-38-SiO:AlCaHNa | Na-Ca-Al-Si-O-H | |
UM1999-33-SiO:AlHKNa | K7Na5Al12Si20O64 Β· 24H2O | |
UM2002-40-SiO:AlCaHKMgNa | (Mg,Ca,Na,K)7.5(Al12.8Si51.2)O128 Β· 65H2O | Tet. 4 2 2 : P41 2 2 |
Unnamed (Ca analogue of Merlinoite) | (Ca,K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 Β· 23H2O ? | |
Wairakite | Ca(Al2Si4O12) Β· 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Weinebeneite | CaBe3(PO4)2(OH)2 Β· 4H2O | Mon. m : Bb |
Wenkite | (Ba,K)4(Ca,Na)6[(Si,Al)20O39(OH)2](SO4)3 Β· 0.5H2O | Hex. 6 m2 : P62m |
Willhendersonite | KCa[Al3Si3O12] Β· 5H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Yugawaralite | CaAl2Si6O16 Β· 4H2O | Mon. m : Pb |
Group Members:
Erionite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] Β· 15H2O | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
Erionite-K | (K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] Β· 15H2O | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
Erionite-Na | (Na2,K2,Ca)2[Al4Si14O36] Β· 15H2O | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
Other Information
Health Risks:
Carcinogenic upon inhalation of its dust, due to its fibrous structure (IARC Monography 42: 225-239, 1987). The population of Cappadocia, Turkey, who live in houses built from erionite-bearing tuff, is reported to suffer from mesothelioma
See also:
http://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2011/11/22/erionite/
http://www.earthmagazine.org/article/dangerous-dust-erionite-asbestos-mineral-causing-cancer-epidemic-turkey-found-least-13
Giordani, M., Mattioli, M., Ballirano, P., Pacella, A., Cenni, M., Boscardin, M., Valentini, L. (2017) Geological occurrence, mineralogical characterization, and risk assessment of potentially carcinogenic erionite in Italy. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health: Part B: 20.
http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=18164
See also:
http://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2011/11/22/erionite/
http://www.earthmagazine.org/article/dangerous-dust-erionite-asbestos-mineral-causing-cancer-epidemic-turkey-found-least-13
Giordani, M., Mattioli, M., Ballirano, P., Pacella, A., Cenni, M., Boscardin, M., Valentini, L. (2017) Geological occurrence, mineralogical characterization, and risk assessment of potentially carcinogenic erionite in Italy. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health: Part B: 20.
http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=18164
Internet Links for Erionite Subgroup
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1399.html
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References for Erionite Subgroup
Reference List:
Sheppard, Richard A., Gude, Arthur J., 3rd, (1969) Chemical composition and physical properties of the related zeolites offretite and erionite. American Mineralogist, 54 (5-6) 875-886
Gualtieri, A., Artioli, G., Passaglia, E., Bigi, S., Viani, A., Hanson, J. C. (1998) Crystal structure-crystal chemistry relationships in the zeolites erionite and offretite. American Mineralogist, 83 (5) 590-606 doi:10.2138/am-1998-5-619
Passaglia, E., Artioli, G., Gualtieri, A. (1998) Crystal chemistry of the zeolites erionite and offretite. American Mineralogist, 83 (5-6) 577-589
Giordani, Matteo, Mattioli, Michele, Ballirano, Paolo, Pacella, Alessandro, Cenni, Marco, Boscardin, Matteo, Valentini, Laura (2017) Geological occurrence, mineralogical characterization, and risk assessment of potentially carcinogenic erionite in Italy. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 20 (2) 81-103 doi:10.1080/10937404.2016.1263586
Giacobbe, Carlotta, Moliterni, Anna, Di Giuseppe, Dario, Malferrari, Daniele, Wright, Jonathan P., Mattioli, Michele, Ranieri, Simona, Giannini, Cinzia, Fornasini, Laura, Mugnaioli, Enrico, Ballirano, Paolo, Gualtieri, Alessandro F. (2023) The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from TuzkΓΆy (Cappadocia, Turkey) IUCrJ, 10 (4) 397-410 doi:10.1107/s2052252523003500
Localities for Erionite Subgroup
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
β - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Gaulsberg quarry, Ortenberg, Wetteraukreis, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany