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Cova del Pas de Vallgornera, Llucmajor, Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spaini
Regional Level Types
Cova del Pas de VallgorneraCove
LlucmajorMunicipality
MajorcaIsland
Balearic IslandsAutonomous Community
SpainCountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
39° 22' 0'' North , 2° 52' 24'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
39.36667,2.87361
GeoHash:
G#: snfpcqkrr
GRN:
N27E02
Locality type:
Cove
KΓΆppen climate type:
BSk : Cold semi-arid (steppe) climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Sa RΓ pita890 (2017)5.9km
ColΓ²nia de Sant Jordi2,900 (2017)11.5km
Llucmajor36,078 (2011)13.9km
Campos9,765 (2016)14.4km
Ses Salines4,290 (2012)15.7km
Name(s) in local language(s):
Cova del Pas de Vallgornera, Llucmajor (Lluchmayor), Mallorca, Illes Balears (Islas Baleares), EspaΓ±a


Cave in the Upper Miocene calcarenites (Marines de Migjorn i de Llevant unit). It is the most significant karst feature of Mallorca. Its artificial entrance opens on the southern coast of the island and gives access to an extensive 2-D spongework maze and fracture-controlled angular passages, currently exceeding 74 km of development. The major areas of the cave are known as Sector Antic, Noves Extensions, Sector F, Sector del Clypeaster, Sector Tragus, Sector Nord, and Galeria Gell. It is believed that a surface entrance to the cave collapsed some 2.4 My ago.

The mineralogy of speleothems (crusts, nodules, crystals, earthy masses) associated with hypogene features in the seaward upper maze of Sector F is characterized by the presence of aragonite, ankerite, huntite, clay minerals, and quartz. In the Tragus and Nord sectors, however, the dominant mineral is dolomite, along with aragonite, celestine, huntite, clay minerals, and quartz. Calcite is by far the most ubiquitous mineral throughout the cave.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


32 valid minerals. 1 erroneous literature entry.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., GinΓ©s, A., GinΓ©s, J. (2005): Mineralogical reconnaissance of caves from Mallorca Island. Endins, 27, 131-140.; Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Birnessite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Reference: Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Braunite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Brushite
Formula: Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., GinΓ©s, A., GinΓ©s, J. (2005): Mineralogical reconnaissance of caves from Mallorca Island. Endins, 27, 131-140.; Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Chamosite
Formula: (Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Chromceladonite
Formula: K(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Description: Chromceladonite was "identified" by PXRD; although the authors note that some samples were further studied by EDS, it appears this sample was not included (but it's impossible to know... no analytical data are included in the paper). While it's possible a Mg-rich, Al-rich, or Fe-rich celadonite group mineral could be present (and these would likely have similar XRD patterns to chromceladonite), the locality is a cave hosted in an upper Miocene reef limestone, and so there is no compelling justification for any Cr mineralization. No other Cr minerals are reported. Other minerals included in this paper (and the mineral list) are also likely erroneously reported (e.g. jacobsite, wyllieite, qingheiite), but chromceladonite certainly stands out.
Reference: Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Cristobalite
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Epsomite
Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Reference: Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Gibbsite
Formula: Al(OH)3
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Goethite
Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Huntite
Formula: CaMg3(CO3)4
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
Reference: Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Jacobsite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Konyaite
Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Kribergite ?
Formula: Al5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Reference: Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Nordstrandite
Formula: Al(OH)3
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Qingheiite ?
Formula: NaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
Reference: Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ RomanΓ¨chite
Formula: (Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
β“˜ Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Todorokite
Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Reference: Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157. Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.
β“˜ Wyllieite ?
Formula: (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Reference: Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Birnessite4.FL.45(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 Β· 1.5H2O
β“˜Cristobalite4.DA.15SiO2
β“˜Gibbsite4.FE.10Al(OH)3
β“˜Goethite4.00.Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
β“˜Jacobsite4.BB.05Mn2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Nordstrandite4.FE.10Al(OH)3
β“˜Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
β“˜RomanΓ¨chite4.DK.10(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
β“˜Todorokite4.DK.10(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 Β· 3-4H2O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
β“˜Aragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜Huntite5.AB.25CaMg3(CO3)4
β“˜Strontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
β“˜Celestine7.AD.35SrSO4
β“˜Epsomite7.CB.40MgSO4 Β· 7H2O
β“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 Β· 2H2O
β“˜Konyaite7.CC.80Na2Mg(SO4)2 Β· 5H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
β“˜Brushite8.CJ.50Ca(PO3OH) Β· 2H2O
β“˜Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
β“˜Hydroxylapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
β“˜Kribergite ?8.DC.52Al5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 Β· 4H2O
β“˜Qingheiite ?8.AC.15NaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
β“˜Wyllieite ?8.AC.15(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Braunite9.AG.05Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
β“˜Chamosite9.EC.55(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
β“˜Chromceladonite ?9.EC.15K(MgCrβ—»)(Si4O10)(OH)2
β“˜Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
β“˜Montmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 Β· nH2O
β“˜Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜var. Illite9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Hβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Hβ“˜ GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Hβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Hβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hβ“˜ KonyaiteNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Hβ“˜ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hβ“˜ RomanΓ¨chite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Hβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Hβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ NordstranditeAl(OH)3
Hβ“˜ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Hβ“˜ Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Hβ“˜ KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Hβ“˜ ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ HuntiteCaMg3(CO3)4
Cβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Oβ“˜ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Oβ“˜ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Oβ“˜ CristobaliteSiO2
Oβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Oβ“˜ GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Oβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Oβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Oβ“˜ HuntiteCaMg3(CO3)4
Oβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Oβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oβ“˜ KonyaiteNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Oβ“˜ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oβ“˜ RomanΓ¨chite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Oβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
Oβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Oβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ NordstranditeAl(OH)3
Oβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oβ“˜ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Oβ“˜ Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Oβ“˜ KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Oβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Oβ“˜ QingheiiteNaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
Oβ“˜ ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ KonyaiteNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Naβ“˜ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Naβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Naβ“˜ Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Naβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Naβ“˜ QingheiiteNaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Mgβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Mgβ“˜ HuntiteCaMg3(CO3)4
Mgβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ KonyaiteNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Mgβ“˜ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mgβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Mgβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Mgβ“˜ QingheiiteNaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
Mgβ“˜ ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Alβ“˜ GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Alβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alβ“˜ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Alβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ NordstranditeAl(OH)3
Alβ“˜ KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Alβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Alβ“˜ QingheiiteNaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Siβ“˜ Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Siβ“˜ CristobaliteSiO2
Siβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Siβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siβ“˜ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Pβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pβ“˜ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Pβ“˜ KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
Pβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Pβ“˜ QingheiiteNaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Sβ“˜ EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Sβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Sβ“˜ KonyaiteNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 5H2O
Sβ“˜ KribergiteAl5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Kβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ AragoniteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ BrushiteCa(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Caβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caβ“˜ HuntiteCaMg3(CO3)4
Caβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Caβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caβ“˜ HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Caβ“˜ Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Caβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
CrChromium
Crβ“˜ ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
MnManganese
Mnβ“˜ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Mnβ“˜ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Mnβ“˜ RomanΓ¨chite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Mnβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Mnβ“˜ Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Mnβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Mnβ“˜ QingheiiteNaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3
FeIron
Feβ“˜ AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Feβ“˜ Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Feβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Feβ“˜ JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Feβ“˜ Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
SrStrontium
Srβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Srβ“˜ StrontianiteSrCO3
Srβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
BaBarium
Baβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Baβ“˜ RomanΓ¨chite(Ba,H2O)2(Mn4+,Mn3+)5O10
Baβ“˜ Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O

References

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Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)
Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., GinΓ©s, A., GinΓ©s, J. (2005): Mineralogical reconnaissance of caves from Mallorca Island. Endins, 27, 131-140.
Onac, B.P., FornΓ³s, J.J., Merino, A., GinΓ©s, J., Diehl, J. (2014): Linking mineral deposits to speleogenetic processes in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Mallorca, Spain). International Journal of Speleology, 43, 2, 143-157.
Merino, A., FornΓ³s, J. J., Mulet, A., & GinΓ©s, J. (2019). Morphological and mineralogical evidence for ancient bat presence in Cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean). International Journal of Speleology, 48(2), 1.

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