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Scorzalite

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Scorzalite, etc.

Charles Davis Mine, Groton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Scorzalite

Bumpus Quarry, Albany, Oxford Co., Maine, USA
Scorzalite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Scorzalite, etc.

Charles Davis Mine, Groton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Scorzalite

Bumpus Quarry, Albany, Oxford Co., Maine, USA
Scorzalite

Palermo No. 1 Mine, Groton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Scorzalite, etc.

Charles Davis Mine, Groton, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA
Scorzalite

Bumpus Quarry, Albany, Oxford Co., Maine, USA
Formula:
Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
System:
Monoclinic
Colour:
Dark azure blue, ...
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Hardness:
6
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1949 by William Thomas Pecora and Joseph John Fahey in honor of Brazilian mineralogist, Evaristo Penna Scorza [August 20, 1899 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil - March 29, 1969 Brazil]. Scorza was a field geologist, as well as an administrator later in his career. He published on a wide range of geological topics although many of his research papers were mineralogical.
Lazulite Group. Lazulite-Scorzalite Series. The Fe2+ analogue of Lazulite.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Scorzalite.


Classification of Scorzalite

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
7/B.08-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
8.BB.40

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 about 1:1
Dana 8th ed.:
41.10.1.2

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
10 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:
19.14.30

19 : Phosphates
14 : Phosphates of Fe and other metals

Physical Properties of Scorzalite

Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Dark azure blue, green-blue, blue-green
Streak:
White to light blue
Hardness (Mohs):
6
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Good on {110}
Indistinct on {101}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.33 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.32 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Scorzalite

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.626 - 1.645 nβ = 1.654 - 1.674 nγ = 1.663 - 1.680
2V:
Measured: 62° , Calculated: 58° to 68°
Birefringence:
0.036
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.037
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v perceptible
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X= colorless
Y=Z= blue

Chemical Properties of Scorzalite

Formula:
Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Elements listed in formula:
Al, Fe, H, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of Scorzalite

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Space Group Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.15 Å, b = 7.31 Å, c = 7.25 Å
β = 120.58°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.978 : 1 : 0.992
Unit Cell Volume:
V 326.23 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Generally massive, rare crystals are dipyramidal.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
6.17 (m)
4.72 (m)
3.24 (vs)
3.20 (vs)
3.14 (s)
3.08 (m)
2.55 (m)
Comments:
Corrego Frio Pegmatite, Minas Gerais, Brazil. X-ray pattern nearly identical to lazulite.

Occurrences of Scorzalite

Type Occurrence of Scorzalite

Type Locality:
ⓘ Córrego Frio mine, Linópolis, Divino das Laranjeiras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum London 1965,207

Relationship of Scorzalite to other Species

Series:
Forms a series with Lazulite (see here)
Member of:
Lazulite Group
Other Members of Group:
BarbosaliteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
HentscheliteCuFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Lazulite(Mg,Fe2+)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
WilhelmkleiniteZnFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2
Common Associates:
Albite
Almandine-Spessartine Series
Andalusite
Augelite
Berlinite
Corundum
Dumortierite
Fluorapatite
Kyanite
Lacroixite
Microcline
Muscovite
Pyrophyllite
Quartz
Rutile
Siderite
Sillimanite
Tourmaline
Triphylite
Trolleite
Wyllieite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
8.BB.XArsenowagneriteMg2(AsO4)F
8.BB.05AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
8.BB.05MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.05TavoriteLiFe3+(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.10Triplite(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(F,OH)
8.BB.10Zwieselite(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(PO4)F
8.BB.15SarkiniteMn22+(AsO4)(OH)
8.BB.15Triploidite(Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.15Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
8.BB.15Wolfeite(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.15Stanĕkite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)O
8.BB.15JoosteiteMn2+(Mn3+,Fe3+)(PO4)O
8.BB.15HydroxylwagneriteMg2(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.20HoltedahliteMg2(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.20Satterlyite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe)12(PO4)5(PO3OH)(OH,O)6
8.BB.25AlthausiteMg4(PO4)2(OH,O)(F,☐)
8.BB.30AdamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
8.BB.30EveiteMn22+(AsO4)(OH)
8.BB.30LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.30OliveniteCu2(AsO4)(OH)
8.BB.30ZincolibetheniteCuZn(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.30ZincoliveniteCuZn(AsO4)(OH)
8.BB.30AuriacusiteFe3+Cu2+(AsO4)O
8.BB.35ParadamiteZn2(AsO4)(OH)
8.BB.35TarbuttiteZn2(PO4)(OH)
8.BB.40BarbosaliteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
8.BB.40HentscheliteCuFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
8.BB.40Lazulite(Mg,Fe2+)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
8.BB.40WilhelmkleiniteZnFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2
8.BB.45TrolleiteAl4(PO4)3(OH)3
8.BB.50NamibiteCu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
8.BB.55Phosphoellenbergerite(Mg,◻)2Mg12(PO4,PO3OH)6(PO3OH,CO3)2(OH)6
8.BB.60UrusoviteCuAl(AsO4)O
8.BB.65TheoparacelsiteCu3(As2O7)(OH)2
8.BB.70TuraniteCu5(VO4)2(OH)4
8.BB.75StoiberiteCu5(VO4)2O2
8.BB.80FingeriteCu11(VO4)6O2
8.BB.85AverieviteCu6(VO4)2O2Cl2
8.BB.90LipscombiteFe2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
8.BB.90RichelliteCaFe23+(PO4)2(OH,F)2
8.BB.90ZinclipscombiteZnFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
19.14.1CyriloviteNaFe33+(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
19.14.2KidwelliteNaFe3+9+x(PO4)6(OH)11 · 3H2O, x = 0.33
19.14.3Rosemaryite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3
19.14.4Wyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
19.14.5Ferrowyllieite(Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
19.14.6NatrodufréniteNaFe2+Fe53+(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.7LeucophosphiteKFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
19.14.8Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
19.14.9BurangaiteNaFe2+Al5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.10Satterlyite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe)12(PO4)5(PO3OH)(OH,O)6
19.14.11UshkoviteMgFe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.12Garyansellite(Mg,Fe)3(PO4)2(OH,O) · 1.5H2O
19.14.13ThadeuiteCa(Mg,Fe2+)3(PO4)2(OH,F)2
19.14.14AnapaiteCa2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O
19.14.15XanthoxeniteCa4Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O
19.14.16CalcioferriteCa2Fe23+(PO4)3(OH) · 7H2O
19.14.17MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
19.14.18MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
19.14.19DelvauxiteCaFe4(PO4,SO4)2(OH)8 · 4-6H2O not confirmed ·
19.14.20CollinsiteCa2(Mg,Fe2+)(PO4)2 · 2H2O
19.14.21SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.22KingsmountiteCa4(Fe2+,Mn2+)Al4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2O
19.14.23VauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O
19.14.24MetavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.25ParavauxiteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
19.14.26SigloiteFe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 7H2O
19.14.27CacoxeniteFe243+Al(PO4)17O6(OH)12 · 17H2O
19.14.28KoninckiteFe3+PO4 · 3H2O
19.14.29Lazulite(Mg,Fe2+)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
19.14.31Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.32Gormanite(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
19.14.33ZaïriteBiFe33+(PO4)2(OH)6

Other Names for Scorzalite

Name in Other Languages:
German:Scorzalit
Simplified Chinese:多铁天蓝石
Spanish:Scorzalita
Traditional Chinese:多鐵天藍石

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:
Not fluorescent in UV
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Scorzalite

Reference List:
Pecora, W.T. and Fahey, J.J. (1949) The Corrego Frio pegmatite, Minas Gerais: Scorzalite and souzalite, two new phosphate minerals. American Mineralogist: 34: 83-93.

American Mineralogist (1949): 34: 685-687.

Pecora, W.T. and Fahey, J.J. (1950) The lazulite-scorzalite isomorphous series. American Mineralogist: 35: 1-18.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 908-911.

Journal of the Mineral Society of Japan (1980): 14: 285.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 532.

Internet Links for Scorzalite

mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3596.html
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    Localities for Scorzalite

    This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) indicates first recorded locality for everything else. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    • Nuristan Province (Nurestan Province; Nooristan Province; Nuristan)
      • Bargi Matal District
        • Pachigram (Pachighram) pegmatite field
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
      • North Burnett Region
    		Duggan, et al., Canadian Mineralogist 28,125-131(1990)
    • Victoria
      • East Gippsland Shire
        • Omeo
    		Eagle, R. M., Birch, W. D., & McKnight, S. (2015). Phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites from the Mount Wills District, north-eastern Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 127(2), 55-68.
            • Glen Wills
    		Personally collected by Ryan Eagle in 2009; Eagle, R. M., Birch, W. D., & McKnight, S. (2015). Phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites from the Mount Wills District, north-eastern Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 127(2), 55-68.
    Eagle, R. M., Birch, W. D., & McKnight, S. (2015). Phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites from the Mount Wills District, north-eastern Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 127(2), 55-68.
    Museum Victoria Natural Sciences Collection
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Millstatt lake ridge
        • Spittal
          • Millstatt lake
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    Bolivia
     
    • Potosí Department
      • Cornelio Saavedra Province
        • Machacamarca District (Colavi District)
    		Brian Kosnar specimen (checked by PXRD)
    Brazil
     
    • Bahia
      • Boquira
    		Franz, G., Morteani, G., Gerdes, A., & Rhede, D. (2014). Ages of protolith and Neoproterozoic metamorphism of Al-P-bearing quartzites of the Veredas formation (Northern Espinhaco, Brazil): LA-ICP-MS age determinations on relict and recrystallized zircon and geodynamic consequences. Precambrian Research, 250, 6-26.
    • Minas Gerais
      • Divino das Laranjeiras
        • Linópolis
    		American Mineralogist (1948): 33: 205; Mineralogical Record: 14: 233.
      • Mendes Pimentel
    		Atencio, D., Coutinho, J.M.V., Mascarenhas, Y.P., Ellena, J. (2006): Matioliite, the Mg-analog of burangaite, from Gentil mine, Mendes Pimentel, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and other occurrences. American Mineralogist, 91, 1932-1936.
    • Paraíba
      • Borborema mineral province
        • Picuí
    		Sergio Varvello collection
    Canada
     
    • Nunavut
      • Kitikmeot Region
        • Bathurst Inlet
    		P.B. Tomascak, M.A. Wise, P. Cerni, and D.L. Trueman (1994) Reconnaissance studies of four pegmatite populations in the Northwest Territories. pp 33-62. in W.D. Sinclair and D.G. Richardson eds. Studies Of Rare-Metal Deposits In The Northwest Territories. Geological Survey Of Canada Bulletin 475
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Nanping Prefecture
        • Yanping District
          • Nanping pegmatite field (Xikeng pegmatite field)
    		Rao, C., Wang, R. C., Hatert, F., & Baijot, M. (2014). Hydrothermal transformations of triphylite from the Nanping No. 31 pegmatite dyke, southeastern China. European Journal of Mineralogy, 26(1), 179-188.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Aš (Asch)
    		Breiter K., Škoda R., Veselovský F.: Neobvyklý P-, Li- a Sn-bohatý pegmatit z Vernéřova u Aše, Česká republika. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2009, roč. 17, č. 1, s. 41-59.
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
    		Jan Hloušek
      • Plzeň Region
        • Poběžovice (Ronsperg; Ronsberg; Ronsperk)
          • Otov
    		Masau, M., Staněk, J., Černý, P., Chapman, R. (2000). Metasomatic wolfeite and associated phosphates from the Otov I granitic pegmatite, western Bohemia. J. Czech Geol. Soc. 45, 159-173.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
    		Staněk, J.: Parageneze minerálů pegmatitových žil z Hatí u Dolních Borů na západní Moravě. Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. nat., vol. 76, pages 19-49.
    Staněk, J.: Asociace minerálů významnějších pegmatitových žil v Hatích u Dolních Borů na západní Moravě. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae naturales, 1997, roč. 82, 3-19.
    France
     
    • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
      • Allier
        • Ébreuil
          • Échassières
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:548-576
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Waidhaus
          • Hagendorf
    		http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm; Grey, I. E., Macrae, C. M., Keck, E., & Birch, W. D. (2012). Aluminium-bearing strunzite derived from jahnsite at the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Germany. Mineralogical Magazine, 76(5), 1165-1174.
    Dill, H. G., Weber, B., Gerdes, A., & Melcher, F. (2008). The Fe-Mn phosphate apliteSilbergrube'near Waidhaus, Germany: epithermal phosphate mineralization in the Hagendorf-Pleystein pegmatite province. Mineralogical Magazine, 72(5), 1119-1144.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
          • Nakatsugawa City
      • Chugoku Region
        • Yamaguchi Prefecture
          • Abu town
    		Matsubara, S. & A. Kato: Phosphates from the Hinomaru-Nako mine, Abu-cho, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Western Japan: Mem.Natn.Sci.Mus., Tokyo, 30,167-183(1998); Mineralogical Journal Vol. 21 (1999) , No. 4 pp 145-150
      • Kanto Region
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Kasumigaura City
            • Chiyoda-machi
    		Matsubara, S. & Kato, A. (1980) Koubutsugaku Zasshi, 14, 269-286.
    Morocco
     
    • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		FRANSOLET, A.-M. (1975) On scorzalite from the Angarf-Sud pegmatite, Zenaga Plain, Anti-Atlas, Morocco. Fortschr. Miner., 52, 285-291
    • Marrakech-Safi Region
      • Rehamna Province
        • Jebilet Mtn (Djebilet Mtn)
          • Sidi Bou Othmane
    		Favreau, G. (2012): Deux pegmatites à phosphates de Sidi Bou Othmane (Maroc). Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 3-2012, 71-109.
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Usakos
    		Von Bezing, L., Bode, R., and Jahn, S., (2008) Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern. 409 (in English).;
    in the collection of F.J.Emmerich
    Portugal
     
    • Bragança District
    		Rui Nunes collection
        • Felgar
    Pedro Alves collection
    • Guarda District
      • Sabugal
        • Bendada
    		Schnorrer-Köhler (1991), Mineral Occurrences.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Buriatia Republic (Buryatia)
          • Dzhida Basin
    		American Mineralogist (2001) 86:200; Izbrodin, I. A., Ripp, G. S., & Karmanov, N. S. (2009). Phosphate and sulfate-phosphate mineralization in sillimanite-bearing rocks at the Kyakhta deposit, western Transbaikal region. Geology of Ore Deposits, 51(7), 617-626.
    Rwanda
     
    • Western Province
      • Gatumba District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV; Daltry, V.D.C. and O. von Knorring (1998) Type-Mineralogy of Rwanda with Particular Reference to the Buranga Pegmatite. Geologica Belgica 1:1-9
    Fransolet, Andre-Mathieu, 1989, The Problem of Na-Li Substitution in Primary Li-Al Phosphates: New Data on Lacroixite, a Relatively Widespread Mineral, Canadian Mineralogist, v. 27, p. 211-217.
    F. Hatert, P. Lefèvre, A.M. Fransolet, M.R. Spirlet, F. Fontan, P. Keller : "Ferrorosemaryite, []NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3, a new phosphate mineral from the Rubindi pegmatite, Rwanda", Bull. Liaison S.F.M.C., Vol. 16, 2004, pp 44-45.; Lefèvre, P., Fransolet, A. M., Fontan, F., & Keller, P. Petrographic study of the Al-rich phosphate mineral associations of the Rubindi-Kabilizi pegmatite, Gatumba area, Rwanda.
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Girona (Gerona)
        • Alt Empordà
          • Cadaqués
    		Bareche, E. (2005) "Els minerals de Catalunya. Segle XX" Ed. Museu Mollfulleda de Mineralogia - Grup Mineralògic Català, 269 p.
    Sweden
     
    • Södermanland
      • Nynäshamn
        • Norrö
    		Gustafson, Lars.(1989): Norrö glimmerbrott.Stuffen (Medlemsblad för Södertörn Amatörgeologiska Sällskap). Nr 39, nov 1989, 8-12; Gustafsson, Lars & Otter, Bertil (1991): Mineralförekomster i Stockholmstrakten.Del 2. STEIN 18(4),4-12
    • Uppland
      • Sigtuna
        • Arlanda
    		No reference listed
    • Värmland
      • Torsby
    		Henriques, Å. (1956): An iron-rich scorzalite from Hållsjöberget (Horrsjöberget), Sweden. Arkiv för Mineralogi og Geologi 2 (3): 127-131.; Ek, Roland & Nysten, Per (1990): Phosphate mineralogy of the Hålsjöberg and Hökensås kyanite deposits. Geologiska Föreningens I Stockholm. Förhandlingar, Stockholm: 112: 9-18.
    • Västergötland
      • Tidaholm
    		Ek, R., & Nysten, P. (1990). Phosphate mineralogy of the Hålsjöberg and Hökensås kyanite deposits. GFF, 112(1), 9-18.
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Lago Maggiore
        • Brissago
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 252.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		Rob Bowell, lab tested
      • Yavapai Co.
    		AmMin 67: 97-113 (1982)
    • California
      • Imperial Co.
        • Cargo Muchacho Mts
          • Cargo Muchacho District (Hedges District; Ogilby District)
            • Obregon
    		www.mineralsocal.org
    Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 310.
      • Madera Co.
        • Ritter Range
    		Smerud, Sara K. & Wm. H. McDonald (1956), Scorzalite and lazulite: Gems & Minerals, No. 224: 20-21, 86, May, 1956: 20; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 333.
      • Mono Co.
        • White Mts
          • White Mountain Peak
    		Gross, E.B. and Parwel, A. (1968) Rutile mineralization at the White Mountain andalusite deposit, California. Arkiv för Mineralogie och Geologi 4, No. 29: 493-497; Sinkankas, J. (1976) Gemstones of North America II. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York: 256; Wise, W. S. (1977): Mineralogy of the Champion mine White Mountains, California. Mineralogical Record 8, 480, 484-485; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 311.
    Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 333.
    • Colorado
      • Larimer Co.
        • Glendevey
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Haddam
          • Haddam Neck
    		Schooner, Richard. (circa 1980s), Untitled manuscript on central Connecticut mineralogy.
    • Maine
      • Oxford Co.
        • Albany
    		King, V. T., 2009, Maine Feldspar, Families, and Feuds, book in press.
        • Newry
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed.), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    King, V. T., 2006, Minerals of Halls Ridge and Plumbago-Puzzle Mountain, Newry, ... Maine, Mineral News, v. 22(6): p. 1-3.
    King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1.
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1; King, V, 2006, Minerals of Halls Ridge and Plumbago-Puzzle Mountain, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, Mineral News, v. 22 (6), p. 1-3.
        • Rumford
    		Scott Soucey and Tim Blake specimen
    • New Hampshire
      • Grafton Co.
        • Alexandria
    		No reference listed
        • Groton
    		Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
    No reference listed
    Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols; Am. Min. 50 (1965), 713-717; Mineralogical Record (1973) 4:103-130; NIZAMOFF, James W., SIMMONS, William B., and FALSTER, Alexander U. (2004) PHOSPHATE MINERALOGY AND PARAGENESIS OF THE PALERMO #2 PEGMATITE, NORTH GROTON, NEW HAMPSHIRE Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 36, No. 5, p. 115
    Whitmore & Lawrence, 2004: The Pegmatite Mines Known As Palermo, p.96.
    Rocks & Min., May 1999.; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol. 36, No. 5, p. 115
      • Sullivan Co.
        • Newport
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols; Rocks & Minerals (2005) 80:242-261 New Hampshire Mineral Locality Index
    • New York
      • St. Lawrence Co.
        • Star Lake
          • Benson
    		Marian Lupulescu, D. Bailey, and Mike Hawkins (2010) Mineralogy of the Benson Mines Proterozoic iron deposit, Star Lake, St. Lawrence County, NY. The 37th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, April 15-18, 2010
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 911; Rocks & Minerals (2000): 75(3): 156-169.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Mineral and/or Locality  
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