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Rutile
This page kindly sponsored by Dawn Markus
Formula:
TiO2
Colour:
Blood red, brownish yellow, brown-red, yellow, greyish-black, black, brown, bluish or violet
Lustre:
Adamantine, Metallic
Hardness:
6 - 6½
Specific Gravity:
4.23
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1800 by Abraham Gottlob Werner from the Latin "rutilus", meaning "reddish."
The most common member of the Rutile Group.
Rutile is one of the five forms of titanium dioxide found in nature.
Sellaite (magnesium fluoride, MgF2) also has a rutile-type structure.
Compare 'UM1987-04-O:Ti'.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Rutile.
Rutile is one of the five forms of titanium dioxide found in nature.
Sellaite (magnesium fluoride, MgF2) also has a rutile-type structure.
Compare 'UM1987-04-O:Ti'.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Rutile.
Classification of RutileHide
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
4/D.02-10
4.DB.05
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
B : With medium-sized cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
4.4.1.1
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
4 : AX2
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
4 : AX2
7.9.2
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
9 : Oxides of Ti
Physical Properties of RutileHide
Adamantine, Metallic
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Blood red, brownish yellow, brown-red, yellow, greyish-black, black, brown, bluish or violet
Streak:
Greyish black, pale brown, light yellow
Hardness:
6 - 6½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=894 - 974 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{110} distinct, {100} less distinct; and, {111} in traces.
{110} distinct, {100} less distinct; and, {111} in traces.
Parting:
On {092} due to twin gliding; also on {011}.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.23(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 4.25 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of RutileHide
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 2.605 - 2.613 nε = 2.899 - 2.901
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.294
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Type:
Anisotropic
Anisotropism:
Strong
Dispersion:
Strong
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Shades of red, brown, yellow and green.
Chemical Properties of RutileHide
Formula:
TiO2
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Fe,Ta,Nb,Cr,V,Sn
Age informationHide
Age range:
Neoarchean to Carboniferous : 2665 Ma to 336.3 ± 0.8 Ma - based on mindat.org data.
Crystallography of RutileHide
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P42/mnm
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.5937 Å, c = 2.9587 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.644
Unit Cell V:
62.43 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Commonly prismatic, often slender to acicular [001]. Prism zone vertically striated or furrowed. Usually terminated by {101} or {111}; {001} rare. Rarely pyramidal. Granular massive.
Twinning:
On {011} common. Often geniculated; also contact twins of very varied habit. Sixlings and eightlings at times, occasionally polysynthetic. The twins are sometimes distorted by extension of a pair of faces on {011}. Twin gliding observed on this plane as well. Also on {031}, rare. On {092}, as twin gliding plane.
Crystallographic forms of RutileHide
Crystal Atlas:
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Rutile no.26 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Rutile no.28 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Rutile no.52 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Rutile no.62 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Rutile no.107 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by
www.smorf.nl.
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Epitaxial Relationships of RutileHide
Epitaxy Comments:
Oriented microscopic needles of rutile are frequently observed in corundum, pseudobrookite, phlogopite, and quartz.
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Type Occurrence of RutileHide
Synonyms of RutileHide
Other Language Names for RutileHide
Varieties of RutileHide
| Ferrian Antimonian Rutile | An Fe,Sb-variety of rutile, reported from Yadovitaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Russia. |
| Gel-Rutile | One of the constituents of Leucoxene pseudomorps. Originally described from Lovozero Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia. |
| Ilmenorutile | A Nb-bearing Rutile (see also Niobian Rutile); compare also the Ta-bearing variety "strüverite". Originally reported from Pit No. 59, Ilmen Mts, Chelyabinsk Oblast', Urals Region, Russia. |
| Iserite (of Janovsky) | Doubtful variety |
| Lusterite | Trade name for artificial rutile. |
| Nigrine | An iron-rich variety of rutile, or an intimate intergrowth of rutile and ilmenite |
| Niobian Chromian Rutile | Nb-V-enriched variety from DeBeers mine (kimberlites), associated, i.a., with hawthorneite. |
| Niobian Rutile | See also ilmenorutile. |
| Sagenite (of Saussure) | The original definition of the name Sagenite was made by Horace Bénédict de Saussure in 1796. "These small crystals usually cross at the same angles, so as to form a mesh-like network of parallelograms; it seemed proper to me because of this singular... |
| Strüverite | A Ta- and Fe-bearing variety of rutile. Compare also ilmenorutile. |
Relationship of Rutile to other SpeciesHide
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Argutite | GeO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Cassiterite | SnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Paratellurite | TeO2 | Tet. |
| Plattnerite | PbO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) |
| Pyrolusite | MnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Stishovite | SiO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 | Tet. |
Common AssociatesHide
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| Hematite | 843 photos of Rutile associated with Hematite on mindat.org. |
| Quartz | 751 photos of Rutile associated with Quartz on mindat.org. |
| Anatase | 336 photos of Rutile associated with Anatase on mindat.org. |
| Muscovite | 104 photos of Rutile associated with Muscovite on mindat.org. |
| Brookite | 103 photos of Rutile associated with Brookite on mindat.org. |
| Calcite | 102 photos of Rutile associated with Calcite on mindat.org. |
| Ilmenite | 80 photos of Rutile associated with Ilmenite on mindat.org. |
| Siderite | 71 photos of Rutile associated with Siderite on mindat.org. |
| Chlorite Group | 65 photos of Rutile associated with Chlorite Group on mindat.org. |
| Smoky Quartz | 55 photos of Rutile associated with Smoky Quartz on mindat.org. |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide
| 4.DB.05 | Argutite | GeO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.DB.05 | Cassiterite | SnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.DB.05 | Plattnerite | PbO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 4.DB.05 | Pyrolusite | MnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.DB.05 | Tripuhyite | Fe3+Sb5+O4 | Tet. |
| 4.DB.05 | Tugarinovite | MoO2 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.05 | Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 | |
| 4.DB.10 | Byströmite | MgSb2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nmm |
| 4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Fe) | (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.DB.10 | Tapiolite-(Mn) | (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.DB.10 | Ordoñezite | ZnSb2O6 | Tet. |
| 4.DB.15b | Akhtenskite | ε-Mn4+O2 | Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc |
| 4.DB.15c | Nsutite | (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2 | Hex. |
| 4.DB.15a | Paramontroseite | V4+O2 | Orth. |
| 4.DB.15a | Ramsdellite | Mn4+O2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 4.DB.20 | Scrutinyite | α-PbO2 | Orth. |
| 4.DB.25 | Ishikawaite | U4+Fe2+Nb2O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.25 | Ixiolite | (Ta,Nb,Sn,Fe,Mn)4O8 | Orth. |
| 4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Y) | (Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
| 4.DB.25 | Srilankite | ZrTi2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
| 4.DB.25 | Yttrocolumbite-(Y) | Y(U4+,Fe2+)Nb2O8 | |
| 4.DB.25 | Calciosamarskite | (Ca,Fe3+,Y)2(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.25 | Samarskite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y,Fe3+,Fe2+,U,Th,Ca)2(Nb,Ta)2O8 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
| 4.DB.30 | Ferberite | FeWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
| 4.DB.30 | Hübnerite | MnWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
| 4.DB.30 | Sanmartinite | (Zn,Fe)WO4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| 4.DB.30 | Krasnoselskite | CoWO4 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.30 | Heftetjernite | ScTaO4 | Mon. 2/m |
| 4.DB.30 | Huanzalaite | MgWO4 | Mon. 2/m : P2/b |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Fe) | FeNb2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Fe) | FeTa2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mn) | (Mn,Fe)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mn) | MnTa2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
| 4.DB.35 | Columbite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | Orth. |
| 4.DB.35 | Qitianlingite | (Fe,Mn)2(Nb,Ta)2WO10 | Orth. |
| 4.DB.35 | Magnocolumbite | (Mg,Fe,Mn)(Nb,Ta)2O6 | |
| 4.DB.35 | Tantalite-(Mg) | (Mg,Fe2+)(Ta,Nb)2O6 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 4.DB.40 | Ferrowodginite | Fe2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.40 | Lithiotantite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.40 | Lithiowodginite | LiTa3O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.40 | Titanowodginite | Mn2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.40 | Wodginite | Mn2+Sn4+Ta2O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.40 | Ferrotitanowodginite | Fe2+TiTa2O8 | Mon. |
| 4.DB.40 | Wolframowodginite | Mn(Mn,Sn,Fe,Ta)(W,Ta,Nb)2O8 | |
| 4.DB.45 | Tivanite | V3+TiO3(OH) | Mon. |
| 4.DB.50 | Carmichaelite | (Ti,Cr,Fe)[O2-x(OH)x] | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| 4.DB.55 | Alumotantite | AlTaO4 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcn |
| 4.DB.60 | Biehlite | ((Sb,As)O)2[MoO4] | Mon. |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)Hide
| 4.4.1.2 | Ilmenorutile | Fex(Nb,Ta)2x · 4Ti1-xO2 | Tet. |
| 4.4.1.3 | Strüverite | (Ti,Ta,Fe)O2 | |
| 4.4.1.4 | Pyrolusite | MnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.4.1.5 | Cassiterite | SnO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.4.1.6 | Plattnerite | PbO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 4.4.1.7 | Argutite | GeO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
| 4.4.1.9 | Stishovite | SiO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mnm |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide
| 7.9.1 | Hongquiite | TiO | |
| 7.9.3 | Anatase | TiO2 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| 7.9.4 | Brookite | TiO2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 7.9.5 | Geikielite | MgTiO3 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 7.9.6 | Perovskite | CaTiO3 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
| 7.9.7 | Kassite | CaTi2O4(OH)2 | Orth. |
| 7.9.8 | Tausonite | SrTiO3 | Iso. 4 3m |
| 7.9.9 | Crichtonite | Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 7.9.10 | Lucasite-(Ce) | CeTi2(O,OH)6 | Mon. |
| 7.9.11 | Hibonite | (Ca,Ce)(Al,Ti,Mg)12O19 | Hex. |
| 7.9.12 | Yttrocrasite-(Y) | (Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6 | Amor. |
| 7.9.13 | Pyrophanite | Mn2+TiO3 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 7.9.14 | Iwakiite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
| 7.9.15 | Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 7.9.16 | Pseudobrookite | Fe2TiO5 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 7.9.17 | Ulvöspinel | Fe2TiO4 | Iso. |
| 7.9.18 | Pseudorutile | Fe2Ti3O9 | Hex. |
| 7.9.19 | Freudenbergite | Na2(Ti,Fe)8O16 | Mon. |
| 7.9.20 | Kennedyite | Fe2TiO5 | |
| 7.9.21 | Armalcolite | (Mg,Fe2+)Ti2O5 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
| 7.9.22 | Högbomite | (Mg,Fe)2(Al,Ti)5O10 | Hex. |
| 7.9.23 | Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 | |
| 7.9.24 | Cafetite | CaTi2O5 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| 7.9.25 | Loveringite | (Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38 | Trig. |
| 7.9.26 | Lindsleyite | (Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38 | Trig. |
| 7.9.27 | Priderite | K(Ti4+7Fe3+)O16 | Tet. |
| 7.9.28 | Jeppeite | (K,Ba)2(Ti,Fe)6O13 | Mon. |
| 7.9.29 | Ankangite | Ba(Ti,V3+,Cr)8O16 | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
| 7.9.30 | Ecandrewsite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)TiO3 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
| 7.9.31 | Landauite | NaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
Other InformationHide
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Rutile in petrologyHide
Common component of (items highlighted in red)
Accessory component of (items highlighted in red)
References for RutileHide
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Miller (1840) Phil. Mag.: 17: 268.
Hidden, W.E. (1888) On edisonite, a fourth form of titanic acid. American Journal of Science: 36: 272.
Prior, G.T., Zambonini, F.Dr. (1908) On Strüverite and Its Relation to Ilmenorutile. Mineralogical Magazine: 15: 78-89.
Lacroix (1912) Bull. soc. min.: 35: 185.
Ungemach (1916) Bull. soc. min.: 39: 5.
Gliszczynski, S. (1940) Die struktur-geometrische Deutung der Rutil-, Anatas- und Brookitzwillinge. Zentralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie. Abt. A.: Mineralogie und Petrographie: 9: 181.
Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1944) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 554-561.
Meagher, E.P., Lager, G.A. (1979) Polyhedral thermal expansion in the TiO2 polymorphs; refinement of the crystal structures of rutile and brookite at high temperature. The Canadian Mineralogist: 17: 77-85.
Foord, E.E., Chirnside, W., Davis, A.M., Lichte, F.E., Esposito, K.J. (1995) A new U–Ti–Ca–HREE hydrated oxide and associated niobian rutile from Topaz Valley, Utah. Mineralogical Record: 26: 122-128.
Smith, D.C., Perseil, E.-A. (1997) Sb-rich rutile in the manganese concentrations at St. Marcel-Praborna, Aosta Valley, Italy: petrology and crystal-chemistry. Mineralogical Magazine: 61: 655-669.
Maldener, J., Rauch, F., Gavranic, M., Beran, A. (2001) OH absorption coefficients of rutile and cassiterite deduced from nuclear reaction analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. Mineralogy and Petrology: 71: 21-29.
Withers, A.C., Essene, E.J., Zhang, Y. (2003) Rutile/TiO2 II phase equilibria. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 145: 199-204.
Bauer, W.H. (2007) The rutile type and its derivatives. Crystallography Reviews: 13: 65-113.
Rečnik, A., Stanković, N., Daneu, N. (2015) Topotaxial reactions during the genesis of oriented rutile/hematite intergrowths from Mwinilunga (Zambia). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 169: 19. http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00410-015-1107-x.pdf
Emma Hart, Craig Storey, Emilie Bruand, Hans-Peter Schertl, Bruce D. Alexander (2016): Mineral inclusions in rutile: A novel recorder of HP-UHP metamorphism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 446, 137–148. [open access]
Internet Links for RutileHide
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https://www.mindat.org/min-3486.html
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Localities for RutileHide
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality ListShow
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| Lee, M.R., Russell, S.S., Arden, J.W., & Pillinger, C.T. (1995) Nierite (Si3N4), a new mineral from ordinary and enstatite chondrites. Meteoritics 30 (4): 387-397. (July 1995). |
| Greshake, A., Bischoff, A. & Putnis, A. (1996). Pure CaO, MgO (Periclase), TiO2 (Rutile), and Al2O3 (Corundum) in Ca,Al-rich Inclusions from Carbonaceous Chondrites. Lunar and Planetary Science, vol. 27, p. 463. (March 1996). |
| Bouabsa, L., Marignac, C., Chabbi, R., & Cuney, M. (2010). The Filfila (NE Algeria) topaz-bearing granites and their rare metal minerals: Petrologic and metallogenic implications. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 56(2), 107-113. |
| L. Latouche : "L'orthoferrosilite et les roches associées de la région des Gour Oumeladen (N.E. Ahaggar, Algérie)", Bull. Minéral. , 1983, 106, pp. 329-339. | |
| M. Guiraud, J.R. Kienast, A. Rahmani : "Petrological study of high-temperature granulites from In Ouzal, Algeria : some implications on the phase relationships in the FMASTOCr system", Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, 1375-1390. |
| J.P. Lorand and J.Y. Cottin, Bull. Minéral. , 1987, 110, pp. 373-378. |
| Kesraoui, M., & Nedjari, S. (2002). Contrasting evolution of low-P rare metal granites from two different terranes in the Hoggar area, Algeria. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 34(3), 247-257.; Kesraoui Mokrane; Marignac Christian; Verkaeren Jean, 2000: Late magmatic evolution of rare earth granites; example of the Tin-Amzi Cupola Ahaggar, Algeria. Bulletin du Service Geologique de l'Algerie 11(2): 195-216 | |
Angola | |
| G. Machairas : "Un nouveau gisement de quartz clivé à Cassongue (Angola)", Bull. Soc. Fr. Minéral. Cristallogr. , 1973, 96, 395-397. |
| Beleque, A. R. C. (2010). Minerais de ETR no complexo carbonatítico de Bailundo (Mungo, Angola): ocorrência, composição e significado económico. |
| ZHENG, L., GU, X., & ZHANG, Y. (2014). Pyrochlore Chemistry from the Bonga Carbonatite-type Nb Deposit, Huila Province, Angola: Implications for Magmatic-Hydrothermal Processes of Carbonatite. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40, 205-226. |
| Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189. |
| Nikitina, L. P., Marin, Y. B., Skublov, S. G., Korolev, N. M., Saltykova, A. K., Zinchenko, V. N., & Chissupa, H. M. (2012). U-Pb age and geochemistry of zircon from mantle xenoliths of the Katoka and Kat-115 kimberlitic pipes (Republic of Angola). In Doklady Earth Sciences (Vol. 445, No. 1, pp. 840-844). MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica. |
| L. Torró, C. Villanova, M. Castillo, M. Campeny, A. O. Gonçalves and J. C. Melgarejo (2012): Niobium and rare earth minerals from the Virulundo carbonatite, Namibe, Angola. Mineralogical Magazine 76, 393-409. |
Antarctica | |
| http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_60995. |
| Grew, E. S. (1981). Surinamite, taafeite and beryllian saphirine from pegmatites in graulite-facies rocks of Casey Bay, Enderby Land, Antarctica. American Mineralogist, 66, 1022-1033 |
| Grew, E. (1982): Osumilite in the Sapphirine-Quartz terrane of Enderby Land, Antarctica:…., American Mineralogist, Vol. 67, pp. 762-787 |
| Grew, E. (1982): Osumilite in the Sapphirine-Quartz terrane of Enderby Land, Antarctica:…., American Mineralogist, Vol. 67, pp. 762-787 | |
| Grew, E. (1982): Osumilite in the Sapphirine-Quartz terrane of Enderby Land, Antarctica:…., American Mineralogist, Vol. 67, pp. 762-787 | |
| Grew, E. (1982): Osumilite in the Sapphirine-Quartz terrane of Enderby Land, Antarctica:…., American Mineralogist, Vol. 67, pp. 762-787 | |
| Grew, E. (1982): Osumilite in the Sapphirine-Quartz terrane of Enderby Land, Antarctica:…., American Mineralogist, Vol. 67, pp. 762-787 | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. , 1991, 3, pp. 367-386. |
| Wadokski, E. R. Grew, E.S. & Yates, M.G. (2011): Compositional evolution of tourmaline-supergroup minerals from granitic pegmatites in the Larsemann Hills, East Antartica. Canadian Mineralogist. 49: 382-405 |
| Edward S. Grew, et al (2007) European Journal of Mineralogy, 19, 29-245 | |
| C. J. Carson, M. Hand and P. H. G. M. Dirks (1995) Stable coexistence of grandidierite and kornerupine during medium pressure granulite facies metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine 59:327-339 | |
| Amer.Min. (1998) 83, 638-651 | |
| Schlüter, J., Estrada, S., Lisker, F., Läufer, A., Kühn, R., Nitzsche, K. N., & Spiegel, C. (2011). First petrographical description of rock occurrences in the Steingarden area, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. Polarforschung, 80(3), 161-172. |
| Michael K. Weisberg, Marty Prinz & Cherukupalli E. Nehru (1988). ALH85085: A Unique Unequilibrated Chondrite. Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, vol. 19, p. 1257. |
| http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2011/pdf/5190.pdf | |
| http://curator.jsc.nasa.gov/antmet/mmc/QUE94201.pdf | |
| AmMin 44:439 |
| Hawkes, Donald D. and Littlefair, Michael J., 1981, An Occurrence of Molybdenum, Copper, and Ion Mineralization in the Argentine Islands, West Antarctica, Economic Geology, v 76, p. 898-904. |
| Edited by Rowley, P. D.; Vennum, W. R. (1988) Studies of the geology and mineral resources of the southern Antarctic Peninsula and eastern Ellsworth Land, Antarctica. USGS Professional Paper 1351C |
| Goldschmidt Conference: Journal of Conference Abstracts Volume 5(2), 1090 |
Argentina | |
| Info from Juan Carlos Lodovichi. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.; FRANCHINI, Marta et al. Alterationand mineralization along the central section of the Agua Rica deposit(27º26'S-66º16'O), Catamarca. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 391-408; Econ Geol (1976) 71:849-863 |
| Hubert, P., Werner, H., & Dan, T. (2009). A contribution to the knowledge of the mineralization at Mina Capillitas, Catamarca. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina, 64(3), 514-524. | |
| PUTZ, Hubert; PAAR, Werner H and TOPA, Dan. A contributionto the knowledge of the mineralization at mina Capillitas, Catamarca. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 514-524. | |
| PUTZ, Hubert; PAAR, Werner H and TOPA, Dan. A contributionto the knowledge of the mineralization at mina Capillitas, Catamarca. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 514-524. | |
| C. R. Cortelezzi y R. A. Argañaraz (1981). Estudio de los minerales de tantalio-niobio del Salar del Hombre Muerto, provincia de Catamarca. 8° Congreso Geológico Argentino, 4: 293-302. |
| COLOMBO, Fernando; LIRA, Raúl and PANNUNZIO MINER, Elisa V.. Mineralogical Characterization Of Topaz From Miarolitic Pegmatites And W-Bearing Greisen In The A-Type El Portezuelo Granite, Papachacra (Catamarca Province). Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.2, pp. 194-200 |
| Rocks & Min. (2007) 82:234-235 |
| Mr. Nelson Valenzuela. |
| Colombo, F. y Lira, R. (2006) Geología y mineralogía de algunas pegmatitas del borde oriental del distrito Punilla, Córdoba. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 61: | |
| ZAPPETTINI, Eduardo O and SANTOS, Joao O. Finding of baddeleyite in Jujuy: Mineralogical data and U/Pb SHRIMP age. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 540-543. |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina) |
| FERNANDEZ, R.R.; SCHALAMUK, I.B.A. y OMENETTO, P.. Composición del rutilo como indicador de las condiciones de formación del greisen del distrito Mazán (Sn-W), provincia de La Rioja. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2005, vol.60, n.2, pp. 259-267 |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| GOZALVEZ, Martín Ricardo. Characterizationof San Martín pluton and associated tungsten deposits, Valcheta Department, Río Negro Province. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 409-425 |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina. Vol. 1 (elements, sulphides and sulphosalts). (Asociacion Mineralogica Argentina); Galliski, M. A. (1983). Distrito minero El Quemado, Deptos. La Poma y Cachi, provincia de Salta. II. Geología de sus pegmatitas. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argentina, 38, 340-380. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Laura Maydagán, Marta Franchini, Brian Rusk, David R. Lentz, Christopher McFarlane, Agnes Impiccini, Francisco Javier Ríos, and Roger Rey (2015) Porphyry to Epithermal Transition in the Altar Cu-(Au-Mo) Deposit, Argentina, Studied by Cathodoluminescence, LA-ICP-MS, and Fluid Inclusion Analysis. Economic Geology, June 2015, 110, 889-923. |
| Nilda E. Urbina & P. Sruoga (2008) Diente Verde and Mario, Cañada Honda, San Luis, Argentina: porphyry-type deposits in the South Pampean flat-slab region of the Central Andes. 7th International Symposium on Andean Geodynamics (ISAG 2008, Nice), Extended Abstracts: 558-561 |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1997 61 : 861-877; FERRACUTTI, G.; BJERG, E. and MOGESSIE, A.. Precious and base metals in Las Águilas, Sierra de San Luis: Mineralogy, genesis and evolution. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2007, vol.62, n.3, pp. 434-446. |
| Galliski, M. Á., Márquez-Zavalía, M. F., Lira, R., Cempírek, J., & Škoda, R. (2012). Mineralogy and origin of the dumortierite-bearing pegmatites of Virorco, San Luis, Argentina. The Canadian Mineralogist, 50(4), 873-894. | |
| Miguel Ángel Galliski, María Florencia Márquez-Zavalía, Petr Černý, Julio César Oyarzábal, Ana Cecilia Mugas Lobos (2015) The anatomy of an albite-type granitic pegmatite from the Totoral pegmatite field, San Luis, Argentina. Journal of Geosciences, 60:31–44 |
| |
Armenia | |
| Khachaturyan, E. A.; Paronikyan, V. O. (1963): Hypogene covellite in ores of the Tandzut pyritic deposit. Zap. Armyansk. Otd. Vses. Mineralog. Obshchestva, No. 2, 18-21. |
| |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data |
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Vlasov E.A., Pertsev A.N., Kotova M.S., Beltenev V.E. (2010) Ore-hosting metasomatic rocks of hydrothermal fields in the ore cluster «Semenov» region (Mid-Atlantic ridge, 13°31'). Abstracts of XXVII International conference School «Geochemistry of Alkaline rocks». – Moscow-Koktebel’. pp. 240 pp. |
| Sharkov, E.V., Abramov, S.S., Simonov, V.A., Krinov, D.I., Skolotnev, S.G., Bel’tenev, V.E., and Bortnikov, N.S. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(6), 467-486. |
| Dekov, V., Z. Damyanov, G. Kamenov, I. Bonev, I. Rajta, G. Grime. 2001. Sorosite (h-Cu6Sn5)-bearing native tin and lead assemblage from the Mir zone (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 26oN). – Oceanologica Acta, 24, 3, 205-220. |
Australia | |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map (SH/56-6, SH/56-7), Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. Published by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map (SH/56-6, SH/56-7), Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. Published by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. | |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map (SH/56-6, SH/56-7), Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. Published by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. | |
| H.F. Henley et al. Grafton-MacLean 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map and Mineral Deposit Data sheets, 2001; Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map (SH/56-10, SH/56-11), Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. Published by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| H.F. Henley et al. Grafton-MacLean 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map and Mineral Deposit Data sheets, 2001 |
| H.F. Henley et al. Grafton-MacLean 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map and Mineral Deposit Data sheets, 2001 | |
| Branagan, D.F., Packham, G.H. (2000) Field Geology of New South Wales, Department of Mineral Resources New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (418p). |
| Jesse Gibson Collection | |
| Carg-Narra 1:250 000 |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| http://search.records.nsw.gov.au/items/255906;jsessionid=2EBFC12A3CAB1784E6EFE2C9201AEADB |
| http://alluvialgprospectors.proboards.com/thread/401 | |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Barnes R.G., Brown R.E., Brownlow J.W., Henley H.F., and Stroud W.J. (2001) Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map (SH/56-6, SH/56-7). Published by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| Degeling, P.R. (1982) Wagga Wagga 1:250 000 Metallogenic Map (SI 55-15) Mine Data Sheets and Metallogenic Study. Published by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. |
| R.E Brown and W.J Stroud, Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets, 1997. |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2005): USGS Open-File Report 05-1060 |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map, Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map, Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. |
| Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Grafton-Maclean Metallogenic Map, Geological Survey of New South Wales, 2001: HF Henley, RE Brown, JW Brownlow, RG Barnes and WJ Stroud. |
| Ashley, P.M., Creagh, C.J., and Ryan, C.G. (2000) Mineralium Deposita 35, 285-301. |
| Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333. |
| Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333. | |
| Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333. | |
| Birch, W. D., Burke, E. A. J., Wall, V. J., & Etheridge, M. A. (1988). Ecandrewsite, the zinc analogue of ilmenite, from Little Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, and the San Valentin Mine, Sierra de Cartegena, Spain. Mineralogical Magazine, 52(2), 237-240. |
| Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.; Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. | |
| Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333. | |
| Trevor Dart collection | |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. | |
| Chalmers, R.O. (1967) Australian Rocks, Minerals and Gemstones. Angas and Robertson, 398pp. | |
| www.minerals.nsw.gov.au/minfo/62_elinforc.html. |
| Eur. J. Mineral. , 1991, 3, pp. 293-322. |
| Archibald, D.A.C. (1993) Annual Report Presented for MLC 20 (One-Oh-Two) for 12 months to 31st July 1993, North Flinders Mines Ltd. |
| Skirrow, R.G. (1993) The genesis of gold-copper-bismuth deposits, Tennant Creek, Northern Territory, PhD thesis (unpublished) Australian National University. | |
| [MinRec 21:571] |
| Sebastien Staude collection |
| Sharrad, K.A. (2012) The Basil Cu-Co deposit, Huckitta project area, Harts Range, N.T., Australia: a possible metamorphosed volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit (thesis for honours degree at University of Adelaide). |
| Zia U. Bajwah, Huckitta 1:250 000 Mineral deposit data series, Northern Territory Geological Survey, 1994 | |
| Drake-Brockman, J. (1995) Harts Range Project Annual Report 1994, Vol. 1, PNC Exploration (Australia) Pty Ltd. (CR 95/298A). | |
| Thompson, D. (ed) (1986) A Guide to Fossicking in the Northern Territory. Northern Territory Geological Survey, Northern Territory Department of Mines and Energy, 2nd ed., 73p. |
| Clerk, E. (2004) Public Environmental Report Abrasive Sands Quarrying Project Harts Range, Northern Territory. Prepared by Martinick Bosch Sell Pty Ltd for Olympia Resources Ltd. |
| NT Mines + personal collecting | |
| NT Mines + personal collecting | |
| Unknown, (1970) Final Report on Authority to Prospect No.1992, Mt. Palmer, Harts Range, N.T. Placer Prospecting (Aust.) Pty Ltd. | |
| Thompson, D. (ed) (1986) A Guide to Fossicking in the Northern Territory. Northern Territory Geological Survey, Northern Territory Department of Mines and Energy, 2nd ed., 73p. www.fossicking.com.au/fossicking_in_NT/fossicking_and_mining_07.htm | |
| Warren, R.G. & McColl, D.H. (1983) Occurrences of boron-bearing kornerupine in the western Harts Range and near Mount Baldwin, Arunta Block, Central Australia. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, 8 pp. 93-96. |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| www.smenet.org/opaque-ore/ix_d49_3.htm. |
| E. H. Nickel & J. E. Temperly: Mineralogical Magazine 51:605-609 (1987) |
| www.portergeo.com.au and www.redbankcopper.com.au |
| Report by MZI Resources Limited: Kilimiraka mineral sands project - Bathurst island, NT (Feb 2103) Northern Territory Environment Protection Authority |
| Lethbridge Tiwi Islands fact sheet: MZI resources, October 2012 |
| Lethbridge Tiwi Islands fact sheet: MZI resources, October 2012 | |
| Economic Geology of Australia and papua New Guinea pp321-326 |
| Econ Geol (1987)82:1152-1168 | |
| Monecke, T. (2002): Geology, host rock succession, and hydrothermal alteration of the Waterloo volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposit (Northern Queensland, Australia). PhD thesis, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| USGS Open-File Report 2009-1252 Sediment-hosted zinc-lead deposits of the world - Database and grade and tonnage models | |
| Mark, G., Oliver, N.H.S., and Williams, P.J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 40, 769-801.; Williams, P. J., Barton, M. D., Johnson, D. A., Fontboté, L., De Haller, A., Mark, G., ... & Marschik, R. (2005). Iron oxide copper-gold deposits: Geology, space-time distribution, and possible modes of origin. Economic Geology, 371-405. | |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. | |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Cos Constantinides collection |
| Ken Stockdale collection |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Laycock, J. W. (1978). North Stradbroke Island. Papers, Department of Geology, University of Queensland, 8(2), 89-96. |
| Econ Geol (1994) 89:1469-1491 |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) Cobalt Mineralisation in Selected Australian Deposits. PhD thesis, University of Western Sydney. |
| Knights, J.G., 1985, Hilton Silver-Lead-Zinc-Copper Ore Mineralogy. unpublished |
| Carr, P. F. (2008): Dravite from May Downs, Mount Isa, Queensland. Australian J. of Mineralogy 14, 81-87. | |
| Costas Constantinides collection, Australian museum id | |
| Sielecki, R. (1988) The Mount Isa-Cloncurry mineral field. Mineralogical Record, Vol. 19, pg. 469-490.; Forsyth, B., Edraki, M., & Baumgartl, T. (2015). The Evolution of Tailings Seepage Chemistry at One of Australia’s Largest and Longest Operating Mines. In 10th International Conference on AcidRock Drainage and Annual IMWA Conference (pp. 1-11). Gecamin Digital Publications. |
| Andy Wilde, Alex Otto, John Jory, Colin MacRae, Mark Pownceby, Nick Wilson and Aaron Torpy (2013) Geology and Mineralogy of Uranium Deposits from Mount Isa, Australia: Implications for Albitite Uranium Deposit Models. Minerals, 3(3), 258-283 | |
| Andy Wilde, Alex Otto, John Jory, Colin MacRae, Mark Pownceby, Nick Wilson and Aaron Torpy (2013) Geology and Mineralogy of Uranium Deposits from Mount Isa, Australia: Implications for Albitite Uranium Deposit Models. Minerals, 3(3), 258-283 | |
| Updated list originally distributed by University of Queensland | |
| part of list University of Queensland | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. | |
| Duggan, et al., Canadian Mineralogist 28,125-131(1990); Duggan, M. B., Jones, M. T., Richards, D. N., & Kamprad, J. L. (1990). Phosphate minerals in altered andesite from Mount Perry, Queensland, Australia. Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 125-131. | |
| Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155. |
| Sutherland,FL, Coenraads, R, Abduriyim, A and Meffre, S., 2013. Lava Plains, NE Queensland, gem mineral suite. Abstracts, 36th Annual Seminar, Mineralogical Societies of Australasia. Sydney. p. 21-23. |
| Ikeda, Y. & Prinz, M. (1996) Petrology of silicate inclusions in the Miles IIE iron: Antarctic Meteorite Research. Twentieth Symposium on Antarctic Meteorites, NIPR Symposium No. 9: Editor, Kojima, H. & others: 143-173.; Ebihara, M., Ikeda, Y., & Prinz, M. (1997) Petrology and chemistry of the Miles IIE iron. II: Chemical characteristics of the Miles silicate inclusions. Antarctic Meteorite Research. Twenty first Symposium on Antarctic Meteorites, NIPR Symposium No. 10: Editor, Hirasawa, T. : 373-388. |
| E. H. Nickel & J. E. Temperly: Mineralogical Magazine 51:605-609 (1987) |
| E. H. Nickel & J. E. Temperly: Mineralogical Magazine 51:605-609 (1987) |
| Minerals of Iron Monarch, Glyn L. Francis | |
| Regional and Economic Geology of The Mount Painter Province |
| Regional and Economic Geology of The Mount Painter Province | |
| Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide, South Australia. |
| Broughton 1925, 1926 | |
| Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide, South Australia. |
| Wülser, P. A., Brugger, J., Foden, J., & Pfeifer, H. R. (2011). The sandstone-hosted Beverley uranium deposit, Lake Frome Basin, South Australia: mineralogy, geochemistry, and a time-constrained model for its genesis. Economic Geology, 106(5), 835-867. |
| mentioned references in description |
| Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide, South Australia. |
| Brown, HYL, 1908, Record of the Mines of South Australia. 4th Ed., Govt. printer, Adelaide |
| Griessmann, M. (2011). Gold mineralisation in the Adelaide fold belt. PhD Thesis University of Adelaide. |
| Griessmann, M. (2011). Gold mineralisation in the Adelaide fold belt. PhD Thesis University of Adelaide. | |
| Francis, G.L., Peisley, V., 2012. Minerals from Fairview and St John's phosphate deposits, South Australia. (self published). |
| Peter Elliott | |
| Catalogue of South Australian Minerals - 1983; Noble (1983) Catalogue of Minerals of South Australia |
| Noble R.J, Just J, Johnson J. E. (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals - 1983, Govenment Printer, South Australia. |
| No reference listed |
| Noble R.J, Just J, Johnson J. E. (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals - 1983, Government Printer, South Australia. |
| SARIG Record Sheet, Site No:480529 |
| P.A. Wulser - in the South Australian Museum collections | |
| Toma, J. (2017): Mineral news from South Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy 18 (1), 68. |
| Noble R.J, Just J, Johnson J. E. (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals - 1983, Government Printer, South Australia. | |
| SARIG Record Sheet, Site 480493 | |
| Personal collection of Mark Willoughby, Dallow, L., 1983, Fossickers Guide to Gold, Minerals and Gemstones of South Australia, Gemcraft Publications Pty. Ltd., Victoria. |
| Record of Mines Summary Card No:16, Encounter 6626IV SI5413 |
| Griessmann, M. (2011). Gold mineralisation in the Adelaide fold belt. PhD Thesis University of Adelaide. |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 5789 |
| Graham, J. (1978) Manganochromite, palladium antimonide, and some unusual mineral associations at the Nairne pyrite deposit, South Australia. American Mineralogist, Vol. 63, pp. 1166-1174. |
| Noble R.J, Just J, Johnson J. E. (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals - 1983, Government Printer, South Australia. | |
| Hayton J.D. (1960). The Constitution of davidite. Econ Geol. 55, 1030-1038. |
| Griessmann, M. (2011). Gold mineralisation in the Adelaide fold belt. PhD Thesis University of Adelaide. |
| Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide, South Australia. |
| Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., (1983), Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide, South Australia. |
| Barossa SI5409 6628I Record of mines - Summary Card No:68 | |
| Catalogue of South Australian Minerals - 1983 | |
| Record of Mines Summary Card No: 44, S.I. 5409 | |
| Personal Collection of Mark Willoughby | |
| http://www.minerals.pir.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/93785/mj50_pace_MajorMines_DevelopmentProjects.pdf |
| Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. |
| Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. |
| Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. | |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 991 |
| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 1033 |
| Whittle 1959, Econ Geol. 54, 64-81; Campana B. 1956, J. Geol Soc. Aust. 4/1, 1-12 | |
| http://leme.anu.edu.au/Pubs/Advancesinregolith/Tan.pdf. | |
| Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. |
| Lottermoser, B.G., and Lu, J. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 59, 1-19. |
| Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1044.; SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 962 |
| Personal collection of Mark Willoughby |
| Bunch, T.E., Keil, K., and Olsen, E. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 25, 297-340. |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Ehrig, K., McPhie, J., Kamenetsky, V. (2012) Geology and mineralogical zonation of the Olympic Dam iron oxide Cu-U-Au-Ag deposit, South Australia. Economic Geology Special Publication 16, pg. 237-267. |
| cf. Iluka Resources |
| cf. Iluka Resources reports |
| Bottrill & Baker, 2008 |
| Bottrill & Baker 2008 |
| Bottrill & Taheri, 2008, Savage River mine, Unpub. Rept, Mineral Resources Tasmania |
| JACK, R., 1968. Banca Mine, Winnaleah District, Technical Report Department of Mines Tasmania, 11 , 16-19. |
| Taheri, J., and Bottrill, R. S., 1998, Porphyry and Sedimentary-hosted Gold Deposits near Cygnet: New Styles of Gold Mineralisation in Tasmania: Unpub Rept, Mineral Resources Tasmania. 1999/01 |
| Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania |
| Bottrill & Bacon in prep |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Bottrill, R. S. (2001). Rare earth, tantalum and niobium minerals reported in Tasmania. Record Tasmanian Geological Survey, 7. |
| Bottrill, unpub. |
| Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania |
| Bottrill, R. S. (2010): Alluvial gold in Tasmania. Mineral Resources of Tasmania 11, Mineral Resources Tasmania, 28 pp. | |
| Bottrill and Baker, 2008 |
| Bottrill, R. S. (2000). A Mineralogical Field Guide for the Western Tasmania Minerals and Museums Tour. | |
| Bottrill RS & Baker, WE (in prep) Catalogue of Minerals of Tasmania. Mineral Resources Tasmania | |
| Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania |
| Brathwaite, R. L. (1969). The geology of the Rosebery ore deposit (Doctoral dissertation, University of Tasmania). |
| Bottrill & Sorrell 2007 |
| Kitto, P.A., 1994, Structural and Geochemical controls on Mineralisation at Renison, Tasmania. Unpub. PhD thesis, Uni. Tas. |
| Awid-Pascual, R., Kamenetsky, V. S., Goemann, K., Allen, N., Noble, T. L., Lottermoser, B. G., & Rodemann, T. (2015). The evolution of authigenic Zn–Pb–Fe-bearing phases in the Grieves Siding peat, western Tasmania. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 170(2), 1-16. |
| Pat Sutton Collection |
| Steve Sorrell Collection | |
| Bierlein, F. P., Fuller, T., Stüwe, K., Arne, D. C., & Keays, R. R. (1998). Wallrock alteration associated with turbidite-hosted gold deposits. Examples from the Palaeozoic Lachlan Fold Belt in central Victoria, Australia. Ore Geology Reviews, 13(1), 345-380. |
| Birch, W.D. (1984) Barite Crystals from Heathcote, Victoria. The Australian Mineralogist July 1984 pg. 272-273. |
| |
| Eagle, R. M., Birch, W. D., & McKnight, S. (2015). Phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites from the Mount Wills District, north-eastern Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 127(2), 55-68. |
| Eagle, R. (2009) . Petrology, petrogenesis and mineralisation of the Silurian pegmatites of the Mount Wills district, northeastern Victoria. B.Sc (Hons) thesis, University of Ballarat (unpubl.) | |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Personally collected by Ryan Eagle in 2009 | |
| Eagle, R. (2009) . Petrology, petrogenesis and mineralisation of the Silurian pegmatites of the Mount Wills district, northeastern Victoria. B.Sc (Hons) thesis, University of Ballarat (unpubl.) |
| Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection |
| Bierlein, F.P., and McNaughton, N.J. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 33, 633-638. |
| Sutton & Mills (2012) |
| Bussat, F. (1980) Minerals from some mines in the Woods Point district, Victoria. The Australian Mineralogist No.31 July 1980, pp. 147-152. |
| |
| W.D.Birch in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences (2007) 54 (609-628); Birch, W. D. (2008): Gem corundum from the St Arnaud district, Western Victoria, Australia. Australian J. of Mineralogy 14, 73-78. |
| |
| |
| Spencer-Jones D. (1955) Geology of the Toora Tin-Field. Bulletins of the Geological Survey of Victoria, No.54. |
| Uwe Kolitsch (SXRD-analysis); W.D. Birch & D.A.Henry 1993. Phosphate Minerals of Victoria, The Mineralogical Society of Victoria special publication No. 3, pp. 14-27; D.A.Henry & W.D.Birch 1998. Sampleite and associated minerals from Lake Boga granite quarry, Victoria, Australia. Australian Mineralogist Vol. 3 Oct.-Dec. 1988, pp. 135-148 |
| |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Calderwood, M.A., Grguric, B.A., Jacobson, M.I. (2007) Guidebook to the Pegmatites of Western Australia. Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p496 |
| Astro Resources NL (2012), RM Research, 10/04/2012 |
| Jacobson., M., Calderwood, M., Grguric, B.(2007): Pegmatites of Western Australia |
| Fetherston, J.M., Stocklmayer, S.M., Stocklmayer, V.C. (2013) Gemstones of Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 25, 306p. | |
| Jacobson, M., Calderwood, M., Grguric, B.(2007): Pegmatites of Western Australia |
| http://www.iluka.com/ |
| http://www.sheffieldresources.com.au/projects/heavy-mineral-sands/ |
| Iluka Resources Limited (2012), Eneabba Mineral Sands Mine. Part IV. Referral Document. Support Document. IPL North Proposal, 2012 | |
| Xue, Y., Campbell, I (2014), The Mineralogy of the Bellerophon-Nelson Telluride Bearing gold Deposit St Ives Camp, Canadian Mineralogist 52 p981-1006 2014 |
| Mock, C. et al (1987), Gold Deposits of Western Australia, BMR, Datafile (MINDEP), Resource Deposit 3, Dept of Primary Industries and Energy/Bur of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Commonwealth Government of Australia, 1987 |
| http://www.iluka.com/company-overview/operations/projects/cataby-perth-basin |
| http://www.tronox.com/ | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 2, pp 7 1948 |
| The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986. |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1939 25 : 373-387 |
| The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986. | |
| Hou, B., Keeling, J.L., Reed, A., Hocking, R.M. (2011), Heavy Mineral Sands in the Eucla Basin Southern Australia: deposition and province scale prospectivity, Economic Geology, 106 (4) pp687-712, June 2011 |
| Buchwald, V. F. (1975) Handbook of Iron Meteorites. University of California Press. 1418 pages. |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Huston, D et al (2001), The Gold Deposits of the Pilbara Craton: Results of AGSO Research 1998-2000, Commonwealth of Australia, Record 2001/10 |
| Downes, P. J., Hope, M., Bevan, A. W. R. and Henry, D. A. (2006): Chalcocite and associated secondary minerals from the Telfer gold mine, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy 12, 25-42. |
| Huston, D.L. et al (2007), Paleoarchean Mineral deposits of the Pilbara Craton: Genesis Tectonic Development and Comparisons with Younger Deposits, Geoscience Australia, GSWA, Moly Mines Pty Ltd, 2007 |
| Huston, D.L. et al (2007), Paleoarchean Mineral Deposits of the Pilbara Craton: Genesis Tectonic Environment and Comparisons with Younger Deposits, Geoscience Australia, GSWA, Moly Mines Pty Ltd, 2007 |
| Huston, D.L. et al (2007), Paleoarchean Mineral Deposits of the Pilbara Craton: Genesis Tectonic Environment and Comparisons with Younger Deposits, Geoscience Australia, GSWA, Moly Mines Pty Ltd, 2007 | |
| Huston, D.L. et al (2007), Paleoarchean Mineral Deposits in the Pilbara Craton: Genesis Tectonic Environment and Comparisons with Younger Deposits, Geoscience Australia, GSWA, Moly Mines Pty Ltd, 2007 | |
| http://www.imageres.com.au/ |
| http://www.sheffieldresources.com.au/projects/heavy-mineral-sands/ | |
| Mercer, C.R., 1961. Results of diamond drilling at Saunders Creek, near Halls Creek, Western Australia. Record 1961/039. Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Canberra. |
| Ferguson, K.M. (1999) Lead, Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 15. |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Duuring, P., Hagemann, S.G., and Groves, D.I. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 402-421.; Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Booth, G. (1989). The Mineralogy Geology and Exploration Geochemistry of the Paddington Gold Mine Broad Arrow Western Australia, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, 1989 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, pp 500, 1948 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, pp 433, 1948 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 2, pp 576, 1948; simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, pp 501, 1948 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 433 | |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, pp 500, 1948 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, pp 501, 1948 | |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Mueller, Andreas G.; Lawrance, Louisa M.; Muhling, Janet; Pooley, Gregory D. (2012): Mineralogy and PTX relationships of the Archean Hannan South Au-Cu (Co-Bi) deposit, Kalgoorlie, Western Australia: thermodynamic constraints on the formation of a zoned intrusion-related skarn. Economic Geology 107, 1-24. | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, pp 81, 1948 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 433 |
| Gray, D.J., Cudahy, T.J. (1996), Pilot Spectral Study of the Mount Percey Gold Deposit Western Australia, AMIRA, Exploration and Mining report 175R, may 1996 & Butt C.R.M. (2003) The Mount Percy Gold Deposit Kalgoorlie Western Australia, CRC LEME 2003 | |
| Gray, D.J. , Cudahy, T.J. (1996), Pilot Spectral Study of the Mount Percy Gold Deposit Western Australia, AMIRA, Exploration and MIning Report 175R, May 1996 | |
| Butt, C.R.M. (2003), Mt Percy Gold Deposit Area Western Australia, CRC LEME, 2003 / Butt C.R.M. (2003), Mystery Zone Gold Deposit Mt Percy Kalgoorlie Western Australia, CRC LEME, 2003 | |
| Butt, C.R.M. (2003), Mt Percy Gold Deposit Area Western Australia, CRC LEME, 2003 / Butt, C.R.M. (2003), Mystery Zone Gold Deposit Mt Percy Kalgoorlie Western Australia, CRC LEME, 2003 | |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 502 |
| Fetherston, J.M., Stocklmayer, S.M., Stocklmayer, V.C. (2013) Gemstones of Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 25, 306p. | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 502 | |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 | |
| Eilu, P. (2003), Orogenic Gold Deposits, Fennoscandian Exploration Mining, 2003 | |
| Mueller, A.G., Hall, G.C., Nemchin, A.A., Stein, H.J., Creaser, R.A., and Mason, D.R. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 337-362.; Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Sung, Y.-H., et al., "Tellurides from the Sunrise Dam gold deposit, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia: a new occurrence of nagyagite", Mineralogy & Petrology 91, 249-270(2007); Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003; Sung, Y. H., Brugger, J., Ciobanu, C. L., Pring, A., Skinner, W., & Nugus, M. (2009). Invisible gold in arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite from a multistage Archaean gold deposit: Sunrise Dam, Eastern Goldfields Province, Western Australia. Mineralium Deposita, 44(7), 765-791. | |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Eilu, P., Mikucki, E.J., and Dugdale, A.L. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 13-31.; Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Du Puy, K. (2003) Descriptive hydrothermal alteration model for the Thunderbox gold deposit: insights into timing of gold mineralisation relative to deformation and metamorphism. Unpublished Honours thesis, University of Western Australia. 88pp. |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 463 | |
| Kiviets, G. B., Phillips, D., Shee, S. R., Vercoe, S. C., Barton, E. S., Smith, C. B., & Fourie, L. F. (1998). 40Ar/39Ar dating of yimengite from Turkey Well kimberlite, Australia: the oldest and the rarest. Ext. Abstr. In 7th International Kimberlite Conference (pp. 432-434). | |
| Clarke et al, Geology and Ore bodies at Meekatharra, GSWA, 1916 |
| Eilu, Pasi. (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits, Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003, Rovaniemi, Finland, 72p. | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p497 | |
| Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages. ; Ikeda, Y., Ebihara, M., & Prinz, M. (1990) Enclaves in the Mt. Padbury and Vaca Muerta mesosiderites: Magmatic and residue (or cumulate) rock types. Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium, No. 3, pp. 99-131. |
| Lintern, M.J., Calcrete Sampling for Mineral Exploration, CRC LEME (date?) (there is not date listed on this source but is likely to be around 1998 when an interest was taken by the CSIRO for the site) |
| Llorca, S.M. (1998), Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Galsson Gold Deposit Callion Yilgarn Block Western Australia, CRC LEME, 1998 | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 613 |
| Bootle Creek Gold deposits, Menzies District, Western Australia; I.D.M. Robertson, CRC LEME, 2003. |
| Linterm, M.J., Butt, C.R.M. (1998), The Distribution of Gold and Other Elements in Soils at Mulline Western Australia, CRC LEME, Nov 1998 |
| Spaggiari, G.V., Kirkland, C.L., Pawley, M.J., Smithies, R.H., Wingate, M.T.D., Doyle, M.C., Blenkinsop, T.G., Clark, C., Oorschot, C.W., Fox, L.J., Savage, J. (2011): The Geology of the East Albany-Fraser Orogen - a field guide, Geological Society of Western Australia, Department of Mines and Petroleum, State Government of Western Australia, Record 2011/23. |
| Douglas, G. B., Butt, C. R., & Gray, D. J. (2011). Geology, geochemistry and mineralogy of the lignite-hosted Ambassador palaeochannel uranium and multi-element deposit, Gunbarrel Basin, Western Australia. Mineralium Deposita, 46(7), 761-787. |
| Douglas GB, Gray DJ, Butt CRM (1993) Geochemistry, mineralogy and hydrogeochemistry of the ambassador multi-element lignite deposit, Western Australia. Rep no. 108 Min Energ Res Inst West Aust. p 85 | |
| Ramdohr, P. (1973). The Opaque Minerals in Stony Meteorites. Elsevier Publishing Company: Amsterdam; London: New York. 245 pages.; El Gorsey, A. (1965) Mineralbestand und Strukturen der Graphit- und Sulfideinschlüsse in Eisenmeteoriten: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 29 (10): 1136-1151. (Oct 1965) |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Calderwood, M.A., Grguric;, B.A., Jacobson, M.I., (2007): Guidebook to the Pegmatites of Western Australia; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007. |
| Geological Survey of Western Australia (1917) Annual Progress Report for 1915. |
| Rasmussen, B., Fletcher, I.R., Muhling, J.R., Gregory, C.J., Wilde, S.A., 2011. Metamorphic replacement of mineral inclusions in detrital zircon from Jack Hills, Australia: implications for the Hadean Earth. Geology 39, 1143–1146. |
| Simpson, Edward S. (1952) Minerals of Western Australia Vol 3 (Facsimile ed. 1984). Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia, p497. |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Calderwood, M.A., Grguric, B.A., Jacobson, M.I., (2007). Guidebook to the Pegmatites of Western Australia. Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia. |
| Mineralogy and Genesis of the Trench Tungsten Deposit, Mt Mulgine, Western Australia; CJR Migisha, RA BOTH; Mineralium Deposita; Vol 26, issue 4, pp247-256 1991. |
| Ferguson, K.M. (1999), Lead Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 15, GSWA, 26 Feb 1999 |
| Calderwood, M.A., Grguric, B.A., Jacobson, M.I., (2007). Guidebook to the Pegmatites of Western Australia. Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, P499 |
| Simpson, Edward S. (1952) Minerals of Western Australia Vol 3 (Facsimile ed. 1984). Hesperian Press, Carlisle, Western Australia, p.499. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 346 |
| Ferguson, K.M. (1999), Lead Zinc and Silver Deposits of Western Australia, Mineral Resources Bulletin 15, GSWA, 26 Feb 1999 |
| Collins, P., Hooper, B., & Cornelius, M. (2004). Whim Creek Cu-Zn-Pb deposit, Pilbara, WA. Regolith Expression of Australian Ore Systems. CRC LEME, Perth, 1-3. | |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 502 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 1, p 229 | |
| Marston, R.J. (1979) Copper Mineralization in Western Australia. Mineral Resources Bulletin 13, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 208p. | |
| http://www.strandline.com.au/irm/content/coburn-heavy-mineral-sands-project-100.aspx?RID=306 |
| http://www.sheffieldresources.com.au/projects/heavy-mineral-sands/ |
| http://www.sheffieldresources.com.au/projects/heavy-mineral-sands/ | |
| Pryce, M., MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, JUNE 1973, VOL. 39, PP. 241-3 |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Pegmatites of Western Australia; M Jacobson, M Calderwood, B Grguric; Hesperian Press Perth 2007 |
| Pegmatites of Western Australia; M Jacobson, M Calderwood, B Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007 | |
| Peter Downes, Western Australia Museum | |
| Pegmatites of Western Australia; M.I. Jacobson, M.A. Calderwood, B. A. Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007. | |
| Bridge, P. J. , Daniels, J. L. & Pryce, M. W. (1977): The dravite crystal bonanza of Yinnietharra, Western Australia. Mineralogical Record 8 (2): 109-111 |
| Fetherston, J.M., Stocklmayer, S., Stocklmayer, V.C.(2013): Gemstones of Western Australia- mineral resources bulletin 25, Geological Survey of Western Australia (2013): 57 | |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Pegmatites of Western Australia; M.I. Jacobson, M.A. Calderwood, B.A. Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007 | |
| Iluka Resources Limited (2006), Waroona Mineral Sands Project, Environmental Protection Authority, Western Australian State Government, April 2006 |
| Simpson, E.S., (1948) Minerals of Western Australia. Volume 1-3. Government Printer, Perth. |
| Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No.2 pp.55-71. |
| Pasi Eilu (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003 Rovaniemi, Finland December 2003 |
| The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986. |
| Kubel, S. Argyle Diamond Mine–Geology and Mining of the AK1 Pipe, Kimberley region, Northwest Australia. |
| Recent Investigations of the Mitchell Plateau Bauxite Deposits, Western Australia; TWH Parker and SB Sadlier; Mitchell Plateau Bauxite Company and Alcoa of Australia Limited; 1984 | |
| The Kimberlites and Lamproites of Western Australia, 1986. |
| Kim Macdonald/Fred Rose |
| [var: Ilmenorutile] Pegmatites of Western Australia; M Jacobson, M Calderwood, B Grguric; Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007. |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, P501 |
| Simpson, E.S. (1948), Minerals of Western Australia, Vol 3, p 544 |
| Eilu, Pasi. (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits, Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining 2003, Rovaniemi, Finland, 72p. | |
Austria | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (SXRD analysis) |
| U. Kolitsch, W. Postl, H.-P. Bojar and W. Trattner (2009): Die Mineralvorkommen im Basalt des Pauliberges. In: Autorenkollektiv (Red. M. A. Götzinger und P. Huber) (2009): Die Mineralien des Burgenlandes - Geologie, Mineralogie und mineralische Rohstoffe. – Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus dem Burgenland, Band 126, Amt der Burgenländischen Landesregierung, Abteilung 7 - Landesmuseum, Eisenstadt, 83-99. |
| H. Meixner: Carinthia II 153./73.:126-127 (1963) |
| H. Meixner: 32(3):85-97 (1981) |
| H. Meixner: Carinthia II 165./85.:22 (1975) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr: Carinthia II 186./106.:130 (1996) |
| J.Mörtl (1986) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Blass, A. Pichler: Carinthia II 191./111.: 43-55 (2001) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Blass, H. W. Graf: Carinthia II 191./111.:145-147 (2001) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| Peter Neschen collection (07409a) (from Coll. A.Thinschmidt), photo id: 743943 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| H. Weninger: Der Karinthin 79:45-55 (1978) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| A. Brunlechner: Jahrbuch des naturhistorischen Landesmuseums für Kärnten 22:186-194 (1893); | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| J. Taucher: Carinthia II 187./107.:180-181 (1997) | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Mikl, A. and Kolitsch, U. (2014): Ein interessanter alpiner Kupfererzgang im Kleinelendtal und seine Mineralien. Mineralienwelt 25 (4), 28-33 (in German). |
| J. Mörtl: Carinthia II 193./113.:296-297 (2003) | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| |
| Bergbau in Westkärnten |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| H. Meixner: Carinthia II, special ed. no. 21 (1957) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| Martin Gruell | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, F. Brandstätter: Carinthia II 188./108.:242-243 (1998) | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (single-crystal X-ray diffraction; sample from H. Prasnik) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435. | |
| peter neschen collection | |
| Bergbau in Westkärnten | |
| Lapis 17(3), 41-44 (1992) | |
| Paar, W.H., and Niedermayr, G. (1998): Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft 143, 425-435. | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Pichler, A. (2009): Bergbau in Westkärnten. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der noch sichtbaren Merkmale der historischen Bergbaue in Westkärnten. p.90 |
| Weidinger, Johannes und Lang, Michael, (1991) Der As-Au-Ag-Bergbau Rotgülden im Lungau. |
| A.Pichler (2009) |
| |
| matrixx 5, p.61-63 |
| A.Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler, A. (2009): Bergbau in Westkärnten. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der noch sichtbaren Merkmale der historischen Bergbaue in Westkärnten. - Carinthia II, 63. Sh., 416 S., Klagenfurt | |
| Annalen 1999, p.78 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| Annalen 1999, p.31-42 | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| J. Taucher: Carinthia II 188./108.:377-392 (1998) |
| A.Pichler (2012) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| J. Taucher: Carinthia II 187./107.:173 (1997) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| F. Walter: Mitt. Öster. Miner. Ges. 137:212-216 (1992) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| W. Postl: Carinthia II 179./99.:234 (1989) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| Gerd Stefanik collection |
| Meixner, H. (1952): Neue Mineralfunde in den österreichischen Ostalpen XII. Carinthia II, 142./62, 27-46.; G. Niedermayr (1984) |
| Niedermayr, G. (1993): 903. Ein Neufund von Ferrierit aus dem Bereich des Gertrusk, Saualpe, Kärnten. P. 269 in NIEDERMAYR, G., F. BRANDSTÄTTER, B. MOSER, W. H. PAAR, W. POSTL, J. TAUCHER & H.-P. BOJAR (1993): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XIIL. Carinthia II, 183./103.: 265-290.; G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| Mottana, A., Church, W.R., and Edgar, A.D. (1968): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 18, 338-346. | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 | |
| H. Meixner: Carinthia II 148./68.:9-15 (1958) |
| O. M. Friedrich: Carinthia II 150./70.:85-104 (1960) |
| C.Auer (2016) |
| Kolitsch, U. (2014): 1892) Akanthit, Allanit-(Ce), Albit, Bohdanowiczit, Bornit, Calcit, Chalkopyrit, Chalkosin, Clausthalit, ein Mineral der Crichtonitgruppe, Chrysokoll, Covellin, Dravit, Fluorapatit, Hamatit, Ilmenit, Klinochlor, Klockmannit, Kupfer, Limonit, Malachit, Muskovit, Naumannit, Phlogopit, Quarz, Rutil, Tiemannit, Uraninit, Xenotim-(Y) und Zirkon aus einem kleinen Steinbruch beim Judenbauer, nordwestlich Kirchschlag in der Buckligen Welt, Niederösterreich. Pp. 127-130 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2014): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIII. Carinthia II, 204./124., 65-146. |
| HUBER, Simone & HUBER, Peter (1977a): Mineralfundstellen. Band 8. Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland.- 271 S., München - Innsbruck (Christian Weise, Pinguin). |
| W.Tufar (1972) |
| Huber, S. and Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. (in German); Csillag, E. (2002): Rutil aus Trattenbach. Mefos 25/2002, 11-12. | |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection | |
| Hackenberg, M. (2003): Bergbau im Semmeringgebiet. Arch. f. Lagerst.forsch. Geol. B.-A., 24, 5-97. | |
| Kolitsch, U. (2014): 1893) Chamosit und Rutil vom Sperkerriegel bei Wiesmath, Bucklige Welt, Niederösterreich. P. 131 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2014): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIII. Carinthia II, 204./124., 65-146. |
| analysed by Dr.F.Bernhard, Graz 2007 |
| Kolitsch, U. & Slama, M. (2016): Zur Mineralogie des niederösterreichischen Anteils des Semmering-Basistunnels: ein erster Bericht. Der Steirische Mineralog 31, 20-27 (in German). | |
| Collection of city museum Mannersdorf | |
| Csillag, E. (2002): Rutil aus Trattenbach. Mefos 25/2002, 11-12. [mentions rutile from the baryte mine] |
| Auer, C. (2014): 1890) Neufunde von Albit, Anatas, Chalkopyrit, Fluorapatit, Jarosit, Malachit und Rutil aus dem Gipsbruch Pfennigbach, Niederösterreich. Pp. 125-126 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2014): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIII. Carinthia II, 204./124., 65-146. |
| Kolitsch, U., Auer, C. & Zeug, M. (2017): 2046) Austinit, Billingsleyit, Konichalcit, Lenait?, Luzonit, Marrit, Trechmannit und Zinkrosasit von Annaberg, Niederösterreich (ein Vorbericht). Pp. 265-268 in Walter, F. et al. (2017): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXVI. Carinthia II, 207./127., 217-284. |
| |
| Uwe Kolitsch (single-crystal X-ray diffraction); Kolitsch, U. & Gröbner, J. (2008) |
| KIESEWETTER, Ludwig (1996a): Ambach/NÖ.. Ein Fundstellenporträt.- Mefos, 7/12, 4-19, Wien. |
| GÖTZINGER, M. & GRUM, W. (1992): Die Pb-Zn-F-Mineralisationen in der Umgebung von Evaporiten der Nördlichen Kalkalpen - Herkunft und Zusammensetzung der fluiden Phase. - Mitt. Ges. Geolog. Bergbaustudenten Österr., 38, 47-56, Wien. |
| Kolitsch, U., Löffler, E., Schillhammer, H. & Knobloch, G. (2015): 1944) Allophan, Almandin, Apatit, Calcit, Diopsid, dravitischer Turmalin, Felsőbányait, Gips, Halotrichit, Jarosit(?), Klinozoisit, Melanterit, Mikroklin, Natrojarosit, Opal, Prehnit, Rutil, Sillimanit, Skapolith, Titanit, Tremolit, V-haltiger Muskovit(?) und Zirkon vom ehemaligen Graphitbergbau Hengstberg bei Hafnerbach im Mostviertel, Niederösterreich. Pp. 254-257 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2015): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIV. Carinthia II, 205./125., 207-280. |
| Brandstätter, F. (2001): 1271. Ecandrewsit vom ehemaligen Silberbergbau 'Silberlucken' bei Neustadl a.d. Donau, Niederösterreich. Pp. 171-172 in Niedermayr, G. et al.: Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich L. Carinthia II, 191./111., 141-185. |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) |
| Fuchs, Y., Ertl, A., Hughes, J.M., Prowatke, S., Brandstätter, F. & Schuster, R. (2005): Dumortierite from the Gföhl unit, Lower Austria: chemistry, structure, and infra-red spectroscopy. European Journal of Mineralogy, 17, 173-183. |
| Kolitsch, U. et al. (2008); Kolitsch, U. & Brandstätter, F. (2012): 1763) Spinell und Sillimanit aus dem Mieslingtal bei Spitz, Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. Pp. 163-164 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2012): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXI. Carinthia II, 202./122., 123-180. |
| Harald Schillhammer collection | |
| Pristacz, H., jun., Kolitsch, U., Löffler, E., Knobloch, G., Prayer, A. & Thinschmidt, A. (2011): 1696) Calcit, Natrojarosit, Palygorskit, Pyrit, Siderit und andere Mineralien aus dem Marmorbruch Atzelsdorf, Brunn an der Wild, Waldviertel. Pp. 160-161 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2011): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LX. Carinthia II, 201./121., 135-186. |
| HUBER, Simone & HUBER, Peter (1977a): Mineralfundstellen. Band 8. Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland.- 271 S., München - Innsbruck (Christian Weise, Pinguin).; Kolitsch, U. (2015): 1937) Amesit(?), Baryt, Bornit, Chalkopyrit, Chromit, Hercynit, Hollingworthit, Ilmenit, Irarsit, Klinochlor, Laurit, Magnetit, Millerit, Pentlandit, Polydymit, Pyrit, Pyrrhotin, Rutil, Sperrylith, Spinell, Violarit und Xenotim-(Y)(?) von Wolfsbach im nördlichen Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. Pp. 246-249 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2015): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIV. Carinthia II, 205./125., 207-280. |
| Götzinger, M. A., Beran, A. & Libowitzky, E. (1994): Exkursion A: Mineralvorkommen und Lagerstätten im östlichen Waldviertel. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 139, 389-405. |
| Harald Schillhammer collection | |
| Anton Rauscher collection |
| Harald Schillhammer collection; Kolitsch, U. (2017): 2040) Diaspor, Keiviit-(Y), Margarit, Monazit-(Ce), Xenotim-(Y), Zirkon und weitere Mineralien in einer Korund-Almandin-Probe vom Latzenhof bei Felling im Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. Pp. 259-261 in Walter, F. et al. (2017): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXVI. Carinthia II, 207./127., 217-284. |
| Pristacz, H., Kolitsch, U., Löffler, E. & Knobloch, G. (2009): 1597) Cordierit, Dumortierit, Fluorapatit, Monazit, Rutil und Turmalin aus einem Pegmatit in einem Serpentinitsteinbruch bei der Zwettler Leiten, Felling, Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. Pp. 216-218 in: Niedermayr, G. et al. (2009): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVIII. Carinthia II, 199/119, 189-236. |
| Kolitsch, U. (2014): 1882) Apatit, Dravit, Epidot, Granat, Klinozoisit, Rutil und Sillimanit aus dem Steinbruch bei Scheideldorf, Göpfritz an der Wild, Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. P. 117 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2014): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIII. Carinthia II, 204./124., 65-146. |
| STEININGER, Fritz F. & STÜRMER, Franz (Hrsg.) (1990): Waldviertel - Kristallviertel. Katalog zur Sonderausstellung.- Katalogr. Krahuletz-Mus., 11, VI + 182 S., 10 Taf., Eggenburg. |
| peter neschen collection |
| KIESSLING, Franz (1930d): Nachtrag zum örtlichen Vorkommen von Mineralien und Gesteinen im Waldviertel.- In: KIESSLING, Franz: Das Steinreich des niederösterreichischen Waldviertels mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Gebietes der Horner Hauptmannschaft, 82-87, Wien (Roland). |
| KURZ, Bernhard (2009): Zn-Fe-Pb-Cu-Mineralisationen in Marmoren der Bunten Serie, Böhmische Masse, Niederösterreich.- Unveröff. Diplomarb. Naturwiss. Fak. Univ. Wien, 147 S., Wien. |
| |
| Huber, S. & Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. | |
| GOLDMANN, Christoph & LÖFFLER, Erwin (2008): Die Mineralienfundstellen des Graphitbergbaues Amstall, NÖ.- Mefos, 19/35, 4-34, A-D, Wien. | |
| coll. H. Schillhammer | |
| HABERLANDT, Herbert (1937): Niederösterreichische Mineralvorkommen.- Tscherm. Miner. Petrogr. Mitt., 49/1, 93-95, Wien | |
| HUBER, Simone & HUBER, Peter (1977a): Mineralfundstellen. Band 8. Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland.- 271 S., München - Innsbruck (Christian Weise, Pinguin). |
| Kolitsch, U. (2017): 2041) Helvin, Rutil und Spessartin vom Steinbruch Poschacher bei Artolz im Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. Pp. 261-262 in Walter, F. et al. (2017): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXVI. Carinthia II, 207./127., 217-284. |
| Harald Schillhammer and Peter Lamatsch collections |
| Kolitsch, U. & Schillhammer, H. (2014): 1881) Amphibol, Apatit, Chabasit, Chlorit, Diopsid, Epidot, Granat, Hamatit, Hyalith, Ilmenit, Limonit, Magnetit, Mikroklin, Pyrit, Quarz, Rutil und Titanit vom Gimpelfeld bei Raabs, Waldviertel, Niederösterreich. P. 116 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2014): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIII. Carinthia II, 204./124., 65-146. | |
| Holzer, H. (1963): Über einige weitere niederösterreichische Graphitlagerstätten (mit einem Beitrag von E. J. Zirkl). Verh. Geolog. B.-A., 1963, 79-91.; Huber, S. and Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. (in German) |
| KAPPELMÜLLER, Helmut (1993b): Mineralfundstellen von Niederösterreich, Oberösterreich, Steiermark.- 88 S., Mauer (Eigenverlag). |
| GÖTZINGER, Michael A. (1990): Mineralogie des Waldviertels. Wie entstehen Mineralien, wie kommen sie vor ?- In: STEININGER, Fritz F. & STÜRMER, Franz (Hrsg.): Waldviertel - Kristallviertel, Katalogr. Krahuletz-Mus., 11, 21-27, Eggenburg. |
| Harald Schillhammer collection |
| Holzer, H. & E. J. Zirkl (1962): Weitere Mitteilungen über niederösterreichische Graphitlagerstätten. Verh. Geolog. B.-A., 1963, 316-330. |
| Huber, S. & Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. |
| Kolitsch, U. & Pieler, E. (2015): Gahnit, Fluorapatit, Monazit-(Ce), Zirkon und andere Mineralien in Phosphoritknollen aus der Nähe der Burgruine Falkenstein im Weinviertel, Niederösterreich. Pp. 258-260 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2015): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXIV. Carinthia II, 205./125., 207-280. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| PUTZ, H. (2002): Rutil, Chromspinell, Epidot, Titanit und weitere interessante Funde vom Gipsbruch Moosegg bei Golling. Mineralogisches Archiv Salzburg, Folge 9, 173–174. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Miner.Arch.Salzb., vol.14 (297) | |
| Bernhard, F. & Postl, W. (2004) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| S.Schwabl (2016) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| G. Niedermayr et al.: Carinthia II 194./114.:240-241 (2003) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| peter neschen collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| peter neschen collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| Kirchner, E. Ch., Mrazek, R., Wimmer, H. (2007): Neue Mineralfunde von Bergbauhalden Radhausberg Süd (Weißental) Kreuzkogel. Mineral. Archiv Salzburg 12, 251-254. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| Joachim Esche collection | |
| C.Auer 2012 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| SCHEBESTA, K. (2007): Mineralfunde auf den Deponien des Kraftwerkbaues im hinteren Gasteinertal (Sportgastein). Mineralog. Arch. Salzb. 12: 257-258.; HABEL, A. & M. HABEL (2007): Kraftwerksneubau im Gasteinertal - Sportgastein - Naßfeld. Mineralien-Welt 18 (3), 10. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| peter neschen collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| W Stoll collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| In Coll. M. Slama |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| [www.thamesvalleyminerals.com] |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Niedermayr, G. (1993): 913. Ein interessanter Fund von Rutil und Aktinolith von der „Prehnitinsel" im Habachtal, Salzburg. P. 276 in NIEDERMAYR, G., F. BRANDSTÄTTER, B. MOSER, W. H. PAAR, W. POSTL, J. TAUCHER & H.-P. BOJAR (1993): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XIIL. Carinthia II, 183./103.: 265-290. |
| Lapis 2006-6, 26-27, Neutkens, Harjo: Smaragd 2004, Anatas 2005: "Kristalfestival" im Habachtal | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| E. Y. Kievlenko (2003) Geology of Gems, 84 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Niedermayr, G. et al. (2008): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVII. Carinthia II, 198./118., 223-274. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Preite D. (1986) - Hopffeldboden (Salzburg, Austria) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, n. 1, pp. 1-11, 1986 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Gartner, F. (1986): Die Kampriesen-Alm im Obersulzbachtal. Emser Hefte, 1986 (4), 8-xx.; A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Specimen in collection of Steve Stuart | |
| Walter, F. (2009) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| various added photos | |
| Lapis 29(9):28 (2004) | |
| Robert Köller information | |
| Fritz Schreiber collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| peter neschen collection | |
| Gerd Stefanik collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Gerd Stefanik collection; G Brandstetter collection |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| peter neschen collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Gerd Stefanik |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| Strasser, A. (1989): Die Minerale Salzburgs. Salzburg. 346p | |
| Matteo Chinellato specimen | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Gröbner, J. & Kolitsch, U. (2008): 1532) Monazit-(Ce) und Rutil sowie ein neuerlicher Fund von Enargit von der Wieseggrinne am Leutachkopf im Untersulzbachtal. . P. 239 in Niedermayr et al. (2008): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LVII. Carinthia II, 198./118., 223-274. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Collection Uwe Ludwig | |
| Niedermayr, G. (1993): 916. Alpine Kluftmineralien von der Resterhöhe, Paß Thurn, Salzburg. Pp. 277-278 in NIEDERMAYR, G., F. BRANDSTÄTTER, B. MOSER, W. H. PAAR, W. POSTL, J. TAUCHER & H.-P. BOJAR (1993): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XIIL. Carinthia II, 183./103.: 265-290. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| U. Kolitsch, H. Putz, R. Poeverlein und F. Brandstätter (2012): Die Mineralien des bronzezeitlichen Bergbaus auf der Viertalalm oberhalb Uttendorf, im Salzburger Pinzgau. Aufschluss 63, 329-335 (in German). |
| STEINWENDER, Ch. & PLAN, L. (2011): Kontaktkarst im Bereich Rosskar - Murursprung (Lungau, Salzburg). Die Höhle, 62, 15-26. |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Gerd Stefanik collection | |
| [Lapis 1993:5 p.13-28] |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| Horner, J., Neubauer, F., Paar, W.H., Hansmann, W., Koeppel, V., and Robl, K. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 555-568. | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| L. v. Köchel: Die Mineralien des Herzogthumes Salzburgs, Vol. 1 (1859) |
| C. Auer: Lapis 20(11):11-20 (1995) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| peter neschen collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Schachinger, T., Kolitsch, U., Bernhard, F. & Bojar, H.-P. (2014): Erzmineralisationen und ihre Verwitterungsprodukte aus dem weiteren Bereich der Steirischen und Lungauer Kalkspitze. Der Steirische Mineralog 28, 8-21. |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| Steinwender, C. (2013): 1805) Albit, Calcit, Quarz und Rutil vom Zickenberg, Zederhaustal, Salzburg. Pp. 118-119 in Niedermayr et al.: Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXII. Carinthia II, 203./123., 91-146. | |
| Tanzi Maurizio. | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 | |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) |
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| SEM-EDS on polished section, 15.1.2005, Franz Bernhard | |
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| No reference listed | |
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Champion Mine, White Mountain Peak, White Mts, Mono Co., California, USA