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Tobelite

A valid IMA mineral species

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Photos of Tobelite (6)

Tobelite Gallery Search Photos of Tobelite

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Tobelite, etc.

Bois-de-la-Roche quarry, Saint-Aubin-des-Châteaux, Châteaubriant-Ancenis, Loire-Atlantique, Pays de la Loire, France

Tobelite

Five Mile Pass, Tooele County, Utah, USA

Tobelite

Ohgidani clay deposit, Tobe-cho, Iyo district, Ehime Prefecture, Japan

Tobelite, etc.

Bois-de-la-Roche quarry, Saint-Aubin-des-Châteaux, Châteaubriant-Ancenis, Loire-Atlantique, Pays de la Loire, France

Tobelite

Five Mile Pass, Tooele County, Utah, USA

Tobelite

Ohgidani clay deposit, Tobe-cho, Iyo district, Ehime Prefecture, Japan

Tobelite, etc.

Bois-de-la-Roche quarry, Saint-Aubin-des-Châteaux, Châteaubriant-Ancenis, Loire-Atlantique, Pays de la Loire, France

Tobelite

Five Mile Pass, Tooele County, Utah, USA

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About TobeliteHide

Formula:

(NH₄,K)Al₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Colour:

White, yellow-green

Lustre:

Silky, Dull, Earthy

Hardness:

Specific Gravity:

2.58 - 2.62

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Dioctahedral mica Group > Mica Group

Name:

Named after its discovery locality, Tobe, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.

Co-Type Localities:

ⓘ Ohgidani clay deposit, Tobe-cho, Iyo district, Ehime Prefecture, Japan
ⓘ Horou deposit, Kamo District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan

Mica Group.

1M, 2M₂ polytypes.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3984

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3984:6

GUID
(UUID V4):

30265bea-4673-4e40-b0f8-464482a54885

IMA Classification of TobeliteHide

IMA status:

Approved

IMA Formula:

(NH₄)Al₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂

First published:

1982

Type description reference:

Higashi, S. (1982) Tobelite, a new ammonium dioctahedral mica. Mineralogical Journal: 11: 138-146.

Classification of TobeliteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

9.EC.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets

Dana 8th ed.:

71.2.2a.7

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers

Hey's CIM Ref.:

16.5.5

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
5 : Aluminosilicates of Cs, NH₄ and Cu

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Tbl	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Tbl	Warr (2020)	Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Physical Properties of TobeliteHide

Lustre:

Silky, Dull, Earthy

Transparency:

Translucent

Colour:

White, yellow-green

Hardness:

2 on Mohs scale

Tenacity:

Waxy

Cleavage:

Perfect
{001}

Density:

2.58 - 2.62 g/cm³ (Measured) 2.617 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of TobeliteHide

Type:

Biaxial (-)

RI values:

n_α = 1.555 - 1.560 n_β = 1.575 - 1.587 n_γ = 1.581 - 1.595

2V:

Measured: 28° , Calculated: 28° to 30°

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.026 - 0.035

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Dispersion:

weak

Chemistry of TobeliteHide

Mindat Formula:

(NH₄,K)Al₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Elements listed:

Al, H, K, N, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Ti,Fe,Mg,Na,H₂O

Crystallography of TobeliteHide

Polytype:

Formula:

Crystal System:

Class (H-M)

Space Group:

Space Group Setting:

Cell Parameters:

Ratio:

Unit Cell Volume (calc):

Tobelite-1M	Tobelite-2M2

Monoclinic	Monoclinic
2/m - Prismatic	2/m - Prismatic
B2/m	B2/b
C2/m	C2/c
a = 5.219(4) Å, b = 8.986(3) Å, c = 10.447(2) Å β = 101.31(1)°	a = 9.024(1) Å, b = 5.2055(6) Å, c = 20.825(3) Å β = 99.995(8)°
a:b:c = 0.581 : 1 : 1.163	a:b:c = 1.734 : 1 : 4.001
V 480.43 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)	V 963.40 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)
	4

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0019255	Tobelite	Mesto E, Scordari F, Lacalamita M, Schingaro E (2012) Tobelite and NH4+ -rich muscovite single crystals from Ordovician Armorican sandstones (Brittany, France): Structure and crystal chemistry American Mineralogist 97 1460-1468		2012	Ordovician Armorican sandstones, Brittany, France	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Tobelite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Mesto E'
'Scordari F'
'Lacalamita M'
'Schingaro E'
_journal_name_full 'American Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 97 
_journal_year 2012
_journal_page_first 1460
_journal_page_last 1468
_publ_section_title
;
 Tobelite and NH4+ -rich muscovite single crystals from Ordovician Armorican
 sandstones (Brittany, France): Structure and crystal chemistry
 Note: sample tob_7
;
_database_code_amcsd 0019255
_chemical_compound_source 'Ordovician Armorican sandstones, Brittany, France'
_chemical_formula_sum 'K.201 N.78 H3 Al2.872 Si3.128 O12'
_cell_length_a 9.024
_cell_length_b 5.2055
_cell_length_c 20.825
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 99.995
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 963.396
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      2.614
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'C 1 2/c 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,z'
  'x,-y,1/2+z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,y,1/2-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
K   0.00000   0.11400   0.25000   0.20100   0.02570
N   0.00000   0.11400   0.25000   0.78000   0.02570
H   0.00000   0.11400   0.25000   3.12000   0.02570
AlM2   0.08220   0.24920  -0.00020   1.00000   0.01090
SiT1   0.12160   0.58520   0.13160   0.78200   0.01180
AlT1   0.12160   0.58520   0.13160   0.21800   0.01180
SiT2   0.29380   0.10480   0.13180   0.78200   0.01290
AlT2   0.29380   0.10480   0.13180   0.21800   0.01290
O1   0.07700   0.55800   0.05260   1.00000   0.01240
O2   0.27000   0.13600   0.05280   1.00000   0.01640
O3   0.19500   0.32000   0.16400   1.00000   0.02070
O4   0.47000   0.14800   0.16330   1.00000   0.01690
O5   0.24800   0.81400   0.15310   1.00000   0.01410
O-H6   0.95600   0.05700   0.04800   1.00000   0.01530
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
K 0.02990 0.01900 0.02600 0.00000 -0.00100 0.00000
N 0.02990 0.01900 0.02600 0.00000 -0.00100 0.00000
H 0.02990 0.01900 0.02600 0.00000 -0.00100 0.00000
AlM2 0.00870 0.00400 0.02000 0.00100 0.00400 0.00300
SiT1 0.00480 0.00500 0.02700 -0.00100 0.00700 0.00100
AlT1 0.00480 0.00500 0.02700 -0.00100 0.00700 0.00100
SiT2 0.00850 0.00100 0.03000 0.00100 0.00500 -0.00100
AlT2 0.00850 0.00100 0.03000 0.00100 0.00500 -0.00100

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
10.24 Å	(100)
5.12 Å	(70)
4.486 Å	(70)
3.408 Å	(60)
2.566 Å	(45)
3.103 Å	(35)
4.360 Å	(30)

Comments:

1M polytype

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics	<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event	<2.4
46 : Near-surface hydrothermal alteration of minerals (see also #22)

Type Occurrence of TobeliteHide

Co-Type Localities:

ⓘ Ohgidani clay deposit, Tobe-cho, Iyo district, Ehime Prefecture, Japan
ⓘ Horou deposit, Kamo District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan

General Appearance of Type Material:

Aggregates of minute flakes (a few microns) in a groundmass or replacing feldspar and biotite phenocrysts, and occasionally forms lamellar crystals up to 0.2 mm.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan, M23773.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

1) Hydrothermally altered biotite-andesite dyke 2) Hydrothermal alteration product of Cretaceous rhyolitic tuff

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Quartz

Reference:

Higashi, S. (1982) Tobelite, a new ammonium dioctahedral mica. Mineralogical Journal: 11: 138-146.

Download:

https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/MJ11_138.pdf

Other Language Names for TobeliteHide

German:Tobelit

Japanese:砥部石
砥部雲母

Spanish:Tobelita

Relationship of Tobelite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Dioctahedral mica Group > Mica Group

Other Members of this group:

Boromuscovite	KAl₂(BSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m
Celadonite Subgroup	A subgroup of the dioctahedral mica group.
Chromphyllite	K(Cr,Al)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
Glauconite	K_0.60-0.85(Fe³⁺,Mg,Al)₂(Si,Al)₄O₁₀](OH)₂
Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
Nanpingite	CsAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
Natro-glauconite	(Na,K)(Fe³⁺,Al,Mg)₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon.
Roscoelite	K(V³⁺,Al)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

1 photo of Tobelite associated with Galena	PbS
1 photo of Tobelite associated with Quartz	SiO₂

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.EC.	Balestraite	KLi₂V⁵⁺Si₄O₁₂	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.	Meifuite	KFe₆(Si₇Al)O₁₉(OH)₄Cl₂	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05	Minnesotaite	Fe²⁺₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05	Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.05	Willemseite	Ni₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.9.EC.	Voloshinite	Rb(LiAl_1.5◻_0.5)(Al_0.5Si_3.5)O₁₀F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.10	Ferripyrophyllite	Fe³⁺Si₂O₅(OH)	Mon. 2/m
9.EC.10	Pyrophyllite	Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂	Tric. 1
9.EC.10	Luanshiweiite	KLiAl_1.5(Si_3.5Al_0.5)O₁₀(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.10	Fluorluanshiweiite	KLiAl_1.5(Si_3.5Al_0.5)O₁₀F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.10	Manganiceladonite	K(MgMn³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.10	Garmite	CsLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂	Mon.
9.EC.10	Gorbunovite	CsLi₂(Ti,Fe)Si₄O₁₀(F,OH,O)₂	Mon.
9.EC.15	Boromuscovite	KAl₂(BSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m
9.EC.15	Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15	Chernykhite	(Ba,Na)(V³⁺,Al,Mg)₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.15	Montdorite	(K,Na)₂(Fe²⁺,Mn²⁺,Mg)₅(Si₄O₁₀)₂(OH,F)₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15	Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15	Nanpingite	CsAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15	Paragonite	NaAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.15	Roscoelite	K(V³⁺,Al)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15	Aluminoceladonite	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15	Chromphyllite	K(Cr,Al)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15	Ferroaluminoceladonite	K(Fe²⁺Al◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15	Ferroceladonite	K(Fe²⁺Fe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15	Chromceladonite	K(MgCr◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.15	Tainiolite	KLiMg₂(Si₄O₁₀)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.15	Ganterite	(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.15	UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMg	KLiMgAl₂Si₃O₁₀F₂	Mon.
9.EC.15	Kreiterite	CsLi₂Fe³⁺(Si₄O₁₀)F₂	Mon.
9.EC.20	Annite	KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Ephesite	NaLiAl₂(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.20	Hendricksite	KZn₃(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Masutomilite	(K,Rb)(Li,Mn³⁺,Al)₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20	Norrishite	KLiMn³⁺₂(Si₄O₁₀)O₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Polylithionite	KLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20	Preiswerkite	NaMg₂Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20	Siderophyllite	KFe²⁺₂Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.20	Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Fluorotetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Wonesite	(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)₆((Al,Si)₄O₁₀)₂(OH,F)₄	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Eastonite	KMg₂Al(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.20	Tetraferriannite	KFe²⁺₃(Si₃Fe³⁺)O₁₀(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Trilithionite	K(Li_1.5Al_1.5)(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.20	Fluorannite	KFe²⁺₃(Si₃Al)O₁₀F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Shirokshinite	K(NaMg₂)(Si₄O₁₀)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Shirozulite	KMn²⁺₃(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Sokolovaite	CsLi₂Al(Si₄O₁₀)F₂	Mon.
9.EC.20	Aspidolite	NaMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Fluorophlogopite	KMg₃(Si₃Al)O₁₀F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi	(Cs,K)(Al,Li)_2.6((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂
9.EC.20	Suhailite	(NH₄)Fe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Yangzhumingite	KMg_2.5(Si₄O₁₀)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Orlovite	KLi₂Ti(Si₄O₁₀)OF	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.20	Oxyphlogopite	K(Mg,Ti,Fe)₃[(Si,Al)₄O₁₀](O,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.20	Chloroferrokinoshitalite	(Ba,K)(Fe²⁺,Mg)₃(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(Cl,OH,F)₂
9.EC.22	Pimelite	Ni₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Hex.
9.EC.30	Chlorophaeite	(Ca,Mg,Fe)₂Fe₂Si₄O₁₃ · 10H₂O
9.EC.30	Margarite	CaAl₂(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35	Anandite	(Ba,K)(Fe²⁺,Mg)₃((Si,Al,Fe)₄O₁₀)(S,OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35	Bityite	CaLiAl₂(AlBeSi₂O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EC.35	Clintonite	CaAlMg₂(SiAl₃O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35	Kinoshitalite	(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn²⁺,Al)₃(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35	Ferrokinoshitalite	(Ba,K)(Fe²⁺,Mg)₃(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35	Oxykinoshitalite	(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe³⁺,Fe²⁺)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(O,OH,F)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.35	Fluorokinoshitalite	BaMg₃(Al₂Si₂O₁₀)F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40	Beidellite	(Na,Ca_0.5)_0.3Al₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40	Kurumsakite	(Zn,Ni,Cu)₈Al₈V⁵⁺₂Si₅O₃₅ · 27H₂O (?)	Orth.
9.EC.40	Montmorillonite	(Na,Ca)_0.33(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40	Nontronite	Na_0.3Fe₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.40	Volkonskoite	Ca_0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon.
9.EC.40	Yakhontovite	(Ca,Na)_0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · 3H₂O	Mon.
9.EC.45	Hectorite	Na_0.3(Mg,Li)₃(Si₄O₁₀)(F,OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45	Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O	Mon.
9.EC.45	Sauconite	Na_0.3Zn₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon.
9.EC.45	Spadaite	MgSiO₂(OH)₂ · H₂O (?)
9.EC.45	Stevensite	(Ca,Na)_xMg_3-x(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.45	Swinefordite	Li(Al,Li,Mg)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)₂(OH,F)₄ · nH₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.45	Zincsilite	Zn₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂ · 4H₂O (?)	Mon.
9.EC.45	Ferrosaponite	Ca_0.3(Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · 4H₂O	Mon.
9.EC.45	Hanjiangite	Ba₂CaV³⁺Al(H₂AlSi₃O₁₂)(CO₃)₂F	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.50	Vermiculite	Mg_0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)₆(Si,Al)₈O₂₀(OH)₄ · 8H₂O	Mon. 2/m
9.EC.52	Tarasovite	near NaKAl₁₁Si₁₃O₄₀(OH)₉ · 3H₂O
9.EC.55	Baileychlore	(Zn,Fe²⁺,Al,Mg)₆(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₈	Tric. 1
9.EC.55	Chamosite	(Fe²⁺)₅Al(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH,O)₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55	Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55	Cookeite	(LiAl₄◻)[AlSi₃O₁₀](OH)₈	Mon. 2/m
9.EC.55	Franklinfurnaceite	Ca₂Fe³⁺Mn²⁺₃Mn³⁺(Zn₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH)₈	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55	Gonyerite	(Mn²⁺,Mg)₅Fe³⁺(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₈	Orth.
9.EC.55	Nimite	(Ni,Mg,Al)₆((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55	Orthochamosite	(Fe²⁺,Mg,Fe³⁺)₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH,O)₈
9.EC.55	Pennantite	Mn²⁺₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈	Tric.
9.EC.55	Sudoite	Mg₂Al₃(Si₃Al)O₁₀)(OH)₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.55	Donbassite	Al_4.33(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₈	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.55	Glagolevite	Na(Mg,Al)₆(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH,O)₈	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EC.55	Borocookeite	(LiAl₄◻)[BSi₃O₁₀](OH)₈	Mon. m : Bb
9.EC.60	Aliettite	Ca_0.2Mg₆((Si,Al)₈O₂₀)(OH)₄ · 4H₂O	Mon.
9.EC.60	Corrensite	(Mg,Fe)₉((Si,Al)₈O₂₀)(OH)₁₀ · nH₂O	Orth.
9.EC.60	Dozyite	Mg₇Al₂(Al₂Si₄O₁₅)(OH)₁₂	Mon.
9.EC.60	Hydrobiotite	K(Mg,Fe²⁺)₆((Si,Al)₈O₂₀)(OH)₄ · nH₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60	Karpinskite	(Ni,Mg)₂Si₂O₅(OH)₂ (?)	Mon.
9.EC.60	Kulkeite	Mg₈Al(AlSi₇O₂₀)(OH)₁₀	Mon.
9.EC.60	Lunijianlaite	Li_0.7Al_6.2(AlSi₇O₂₀)(OH,O)₁₀	Mon.
9.EC.60	Rectorite	(Na,Ca)Al₄((Si,Al)₈O₂₀)(OH)₄ · 2H₂O	Mon.
9.EC.60	Saliotite	(Li,Na)Al₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₅	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EC.60	Tosudite	Na_0.5(Al,Mg)₆((Si,Al)₈O₁₈)(OH)₁₂ · 5H₂O	Mon. 2 : B2
9.EC.60	Brinrobertsite	Na_0.3Al₄(Si₄O₁₀)₂(OH)₄ · 3.5 H₂O	Mon.
9.EC.65	Macaulayite	(Fe,Al)₂₄Si₄O₄₃(OH)₂	Mon.
9.EC.70	Burckhardtite	Pb₂(Fe³⁺Te⁶⁺)[AlSi₃O₈]O₆	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1m
9.EC.75	Ferrisurite	(Pb,Ca)_2.4Fe³⁺₂(Si₄O₁₀)(CO₃)_1.7(OH)₃ · nH₂O	Mon.
9.EC.75	Surite	(Pb,Ca)₃(Al,Fe²⁺,Mg)₂((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(CO₃)₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2 : P2₁
9.EC.75	Niksergievite	(Ba,Ca)₂Al₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(CO₃)(OH)₆ · nH₂O	Mon.
9.EC.80	Kegelite	Pb₈Al₄(Si₈O₂₀)(SO₄)₂(CO₃)₄(OH)₈	Mon.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TobeliteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-3984.html
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References for TobeliteHide

Reference List:

Higashi, S. (1982) Tobelite, a new ammonium dioctahedral mica. Mineralogical Journal: 11: 138-146.

Dunn, P. J., Cabri, L. J., Clark, A. M., Fleischer, M. (1983) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 68. 849-852

Voncken, J.H.L., Wevers, J.M.A.R., van der Eerden, A.M.J., Bos, A., Jansen, J.B.H. (1987) Hydrothermal synthesis of tobelite, NH4Al2Si3AlO10(OH)2, from various starting materials and implications for its occurrence in nature. Geologie en Mijnbouw: 66: 259-269.

Rieder, M., Cavazzini, G., D’Yakonov, Y.S., Frank-Kamenetskii, V.A., Gottardt, G., Guggenheim, S., Koval, P.V., Muller, G., Neiva, A.M.R., Radoslovich, E.W., Robert, J.L., Sassi, F.P., Takeda, H., Weiss, Z., Wones, D.R. (1998) Nomenclature of the micas. The Canadian Mineralogist, 36 (3) 905-912

Harlov, D.E., Andrut, M., Pötter, B. (2001) Characterisation of tobelite (NH4)Al2[AlSi3O10](OH)2 and ND4-tobelite (ND4)Al2[AlSi3O10](OD)2 using IR spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement of XRD spectra. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals: 28: 268-276.

Mookherjee, M., Redfern, S.A.T., Zhang, M., Harlov, D.E. (2002) Orientational order-disorder of N(D,H)4+ in tobelite. American Mineralogist: 87(11-12): 1686–1691.

Mesto, E., Scordari, F., Lacalamita, M., Schingaro, E. (2012) Tobelite and NH4+-rich muscovite single crystals from Ordovician Armorican sandstones (Brittany, France): Structure and crystal chemistry. American Mineralogist, 97 (8) 1460-1468 doi:10.2138/am.2012.4023

Ishida, K., Hawthorne, F.C. (2013) Far-infrared spectra of synthetic dioctahedral muscovite and muscovite-tobelite series micas: Characterization and assignment of the interlayer I-Oinner and I-Oouter stretching bands. American Mineralogist: 98: 1848-1859.

Capitani, G.C., Schingaro, E., Lacalamita, M., Mesto, E., Scordari, F. (2016) Structural anomalies in tobelite-2M2 explained by high resolution and analytical electron microscopy. Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 143-156.

Bentabol, M., Cruz, M.D.R. (2016) Characterization of tobelite formed from kaolinite under hydrothermal conditions (200 °C). Applied Clay Science: 126: 160-172.

(2023) Tobelite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for TobeliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


China
Chongqing ⓘ Moxinpo mine	Dai et al. (2017)
Guizhou Zunyi Zheng'an County ⓘ Chalinbao coal mine	Li +6 other references
Shanxi Jincheng ⓘ Sihe mine	Zhang et al. (2024)

France
Pays de la Loire Loire-Atlantique Châteaubriant-Ancenis Saint-Aubin-des-Châteaux ⓘ Bois-de-la-Roche quarry	Capitani +6 other references

Japan (TL)
Ehime Prefecture Iyo district Tobe-cho ⓘ Ohgidani clay deposit (TL)	Higashi (1982)
Hiroshima Prefecture Kamo District ⓘ Horou deposit (TL)	Min.Journ.Japan (1982) +1 other reference

Poland
Silesian Voivodeship Rybnik County Gmina Czerwionka-Leszczyny ⓘ Dębieńsko Mine heap ?	Parafiniuk et al. (2009)
Wodzisław County Radlin ⓘ Marcel mine heap	Łukasz Kruszewski (2012)
Rydułtowy ROW Ruch Rydułtowy Mine ⓘ Rydułtowy heap (Szarlota heap)	Kruszewski et al. (2019)

Ukraine
Zhytomyr Oblast Zhytomyr Raion Khoroshiv Raion (Volodarsk-Volynskii) ⓘ Volyn Pegmatites	Popov (2023)

USA
Utah Tooele County ⓘ Five Mile Pass	Clays and Clay Minerals

Vietnam
Quảng Ninh Province Cam Pha Coalfield ⓘ Coc Sau open-pit mine	Nguyen et al. (2022)

Tobelite

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