Chenite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Chenite
Formula:
Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
Colour:
Sky bkue, pale blue
Lustre:
Adamantine, Vitreous, Resinous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
5.98
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Tzong Tzy Chen (b. 1942), mineralogist with the Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology (CANMET), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, for his contributions to mineralogy.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
987
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:987:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
f6199c6e-6537-42d9-b2ea-6eca0c8384a9
IMA Classification of Chenite
Classification of Chenite
7.BC.70
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
30.1.16.1
30 : ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq, where m:p>2:1
30 : ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq, where m:p>2:1
25.7.8
25 : Sulphates
7 : Sulphates of Pb
25 : Sulphates
7 : Sulphates of Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Che | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Chenite
Adamantine, Vitreous, Resinous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Sky bkue, pale blue
Streak:
Pale blue
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
On {100}; traces of another cleavage on {001}.
On {100}; traces of another cleavage on {001}.
Density:
5.98(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 6.044 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Chenite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.871 nβ = 1.909 nγ = 1.927
2V:
Measured: 67° (1), Calculated: 66°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.056
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
Very strong, r >> v.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Chemistry of Chenite
Mindat Formula:
Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
Crystallography of Chenite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.791(1) Å, b = 7.940(1) Å, c = 7.976(1) Å
α = 112.02(1)°, β = 97.73(1)°, γ = 100.45(1)°
α = 112.02(1)°, β = 97.73(1)°, γ = 100.45(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.729 : 1 : 1.005
Unit Cell V:
326.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Tabular, pointed, rich in faces. Forms include dominant {132} and {221}, less dominant {100}. Also {253}, {154}, {110}, {010}, {001}, {101}, {111}, {112}.
Twinning:
Twinning observed.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014826 | Chenite | Hess H, Keller P, Riffel H (1988) The crystal structure of chenite, Pb4Cu(OH)6(SO4)2 Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988 259-264 | 1988 | Leadhills, Scotland | 0 | 293 | |
| 0015326 | Chenite | Mereiter K (2009) Chenite, Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6, from Susanna mine, Leadhills, Scotland. Private communication 0 0-0 | 2009 | Susanna mine, Leadhills, Scotland | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.55 Å | (70) |
| 4.32 Å | (60) |
| 3.97 Å | (30) |
| 3.60 Å | (100) |
| 3.41 Å | (90) |
| 3.30 Å | (50) |
| 3.00 Å | (50) |
| 2.87 Å | (40) |
| 2.80 Å | (70) |
| 2.71 Å | (40) |
| 2.53 Å | (30) |
| 2.21 Å | (40) |
| 2.07 Å | (60) |
| 1.949 Å | (40) |
| 1.914 Å | (30) |
| 1.838 Å | (40) |
| 1.778 Å | (50) |
| 1.750 Å | (30) |
| 1.704 Å | (30) |
| 1.582 Å | (30) |
Comments:
Data from type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] |
Type Occurrence of Chenite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crystals to 1 x 0.5 x 0.2 mm in size, and a twinned crystal 1.5 mm in length.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallchemie, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, number NM 14 (holotype).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 160384 (cotype).
Archiv der Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, number TM-83.69 (part of the holotype).
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Institut fUr Mineralogie, Kristallographie und Strukturchemie der Technischen Universitat Wien, Wien, Austria.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 160384 (cotype).
Archiv der Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, number TM-83.69 (part of the holotype).
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Institut fUr Mineralogie, Kristallographie und Strukturchemie der Technischen Universitat Wien, Wien, Austria.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Secondary mineral in a lead-copper deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Chenite
Other Language Names for Chenite
Relationship of Chenite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Franksousaite | PbCu(Se6+O4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Munakataite | Pb2Cu2(Se4+O3)(SO4)(OH)4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Schmiederite | Pb2Cu2(Se6+O4)(Se4+O3)(OH)4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 10 photos of Chenite associated with Elyite | Pb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O |
| 7 photos of Chenite associated with Lanarkite | Pb2(SO4)O |
| 4 photos of Chenite associated with Leadhillite | Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 4 photos of Chenite associated with Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| 3 photos of Chenite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| 2 photos of Chenite associated with Mattheddleite | Pb5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5(Cl,OH) |
| 2 photos of Chenite associated with Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Chenite associated with Covellite | CuS |
| 1 photo of Chenite associated with Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| 1 photo of Chenite associated with Steverustite | Pb2+5(OH)5[Cu+(S6+O3S2-)3](H2O)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.BC. | Adranosite-(Fe) | (NH4)4NaFe3+2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2 |
| 7.BC. | Adranosite | (NH4)4NaAl2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2 |
| 7.BC. | D'Ansite-(Mn) | Na21Mn2+(SO4)10Cl3 |
| 7.BC. | Agaite | Pb3CuTeO5(OH)2(CO3) |
| 7.BC. | D'Ansite-(Fe) | Na21Fe2+(SO4)10Cl3 |
| 7.BC. | Acmonidesite | (NH4,K,Pb)8NaFe2+4(SO4)5Cl8 |
| 7.BC. | Backite | Pb2AlTeO6Cl |
| 7.BC. | Hagstromite | Pb8Cu2+(Te6+O6)2(CO3)Cl4 |
| 7.BC. | Wildcatite | CaFe3+Te6+O5(OH) |
| 7.BC. | Franksousaite | PbCu(Se6+O4)(OH)2 |
| 7.BC. | Zincochenite | Pb4Zn(OH)6(SO4)2 |
| 7.BC. | Viskontite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.05 | D'Ansite | Na21Mg(SO4)10Cl3 |
| 7.BC.07 | Apatelite | Fe3(SO4)2(OH)5 · 0.5H2O |
| 7.BC.07 | Unnamed (Ba-Fe Vanadate) | Ba, Fe, V, O, H |
| 7.BC.10 | Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Ammonioalunite | (NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Ammoniojarosite | (NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Argentojarosite | AgFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Beaverite-(Cu) | Pb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Dorallcharite | TlFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Huangite | Ca0.5Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Hydroniumjarosite | (H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Jarosite | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Natroalunite-2c | (Na,Ca0.5,K)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Osarizawaite | Pb(Al2Cu2+)(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Schlossmacherite | (H3O)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Walthierite | Ba0.5Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.10 | Beaverite-(Zn) | Pb(Fe3+2Zn)(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.15 | Ye'elimite | Ca4Al6(SO4)O12 |
| 7.BC.20 | Atlasovite | K(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl |
| 7.BC.20 | Nabokoite | KCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl |
| 7.BC.20 | Puninite | Na2Cu3O(SO4)3 |
| 7.BC.25 | Chlorothionite | K2Cu(SO4)Cl2 |
| 7.BC.30 | Euchlorine | KNaCu3(SO4)3O |
| 7.BC.30 | Fedotovite | K2Cu3(SO4)3O |
| 7.BC.35 | Kamchatkite | KCu3(SO4)2OCl |
| 7.BC.40 | Piypite | K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl |
| 7.BC.45 | Klyuchevskite | K3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2 |
| 7.BC.45 | Alumoklyuchevskite | K3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2 |
| 7.BC.45 | Belousovite | KZn(SO4)Cl |
| 7.BC.47 | Müllerite | Pb2Fe3+(Te6+O6)Cl |
| 7.BC.50 | Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
| 7.BC.50 | Elasmochloite | Na3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5 |
| 7.BC.52 | Eleomelanite | (K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4 |
| 7.BC.55 | Wherryite | Pb7Cu2(SO4)4(SiO4)2(OH)2 |
| 7.BC.55 | Falgarite | K4(VO)3(SO4)5 |
| 7.BC.57 | Krasheninnikovite | KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F |
| 7.BC.60 | Mammothite | Pb6Cu4AlSb5+O2(OH)16Cl4(SO4)2 |
| 7.BC.60 | Wulffite | K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4 |
| 7.BC.60 | Parawulffite | K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8 |
| 7.BC.62 | Shuvalovite | K2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F |
| 7.BC.65 | Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 7.BC.65 | Schmiederite | Pb2Cu2(Se6+O4)(Se4+O3)(OH)4 |
| 7.BC.65 | Munakataite | Pb2Cu2(Se4+O3)(SO4)(OH)4 |
| 7.BC.65 | Therasiaite | (NH4)3KNa2Fe2+Fe3+(SO4)3Cl5 |
| 7.BC.65 | Saccoite | Ca2Mn3+2F(OH)8 · 0.5(SO4) |
| 7.BC.75 | Krivovichevite | Pb3Al(OH)6(SO4)(OH) |
| 7.BC.80 | Anhydrokainite | KMg(SO4)Cl |
Fluorescence of Chenite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Notes:
Does NOT effervesce in dilute hydrochloric acid, allowing it to be distinguished from caledonite.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-987.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
References for Chenite
Localities for Chenite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Herrmann et al. (2007) |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2013) |
| Blaß et al. (1997) |
| 50. +1 other reference |
Belgium | |
| |
| |
China | |
| LIU et al. (2021) |
France | |
| Vernay (1997) +1 other reference |
| Chollet Pascal Collection |
| Germain C. et al. (1990) |
| Favreau et al. (2003) |
| Lesénéchal.T. & Desor (04/21) |
| Georges Favreau collection |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| 50. (in German) +1 other reference |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) |
| "Lithothek" collection of the ... | |
| inCollection Gerhard Niceus | |
| - (n.d.) |
| |
| |
| Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen et al. (Munich) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| Krause (1991) |
Greece | |
| 90. +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Jansen et al. (1998) |
| Jansen et al. (1998) |
| Jansen et al. (1998) |
| Jansen et al. (1998) |
Japan | |
| Akasaka (2007) |
Spain | |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022) |
| Joan Abella i Creus (Joanabellacreus@gmail.com) |
UK | |
| G.Curtis collection |
| Norman Wilson collection +1 other reference |
| Green et al. (2008) |
| Green et al. (1996) +1 other reference | |
| Green et al. (2008) |
| Green et al. (2008) | |
| Briscoe et al. (2008) |
| Green (1987) +2 other references |
| S. Rust collection. | |
| S Rust collection | |
| S.Rust Collection | |
| Day (1999) |
| Paar et al. (1986) | |
| Steve Rust collection |
| S.Rust Collection | |
| S Rust |
| Rust (1997) | |
| Rust (1994) |
USA | |
| A. Kampf or C. Emproto PXRD and/EDS ... |
Quick NavTopAbout CheniteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Meadowfoot Smelter slag locality, Wanlockhead, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK