Strashimirite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Strashimirite
Formula:
Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O
Colour:
White, pale green, yellow-green
Lustre:
Greasy, Pearly
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
3.67 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Strashimir Georgiev Dimitrov (Страшимир Георгиев Димитров) (22 August 1892, Sofia, Bulgaria - 26 April 1960, Sofia, Bulgaria), petrographer. He was Head of the Department of Mineralogy and Petrography and secretary of the Department of Geological, Geographical and Chemical Sciences at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
An uncommon secondary Cu-arsenate. Fibrous varieties and crusts of parnauite can appear visually similar.
The crystal structure has been solved very recently (2015), leading to a revision of the formula, space group and unit cell (Kolitsch & Giester, to be published).
The crystal structure has been solved very recently (2015), leading to a revision of the formula, space group and unit cell (Kolitsch & Giester, to be published).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3799
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3799:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
fa1dbe29-687b-4185-a5cc-7e457dc1ec9d
IMA Classification of Strashimirite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Cu4(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 2.5H2O
Approval year:
1967
First published:
1968
Classification of Strashimirite
8.DC.12
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 1:1 and < 2:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 1:1 and < 2:1
42.6.5.1
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
6 : A2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
6 : A2(XO4)Zq·xH2O
20.1.9
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
1 : Arsenates of Cu
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
1 : Arsenates of Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Ssh | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Strashimirite
Greasy, Pearly
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
White, pale green, yellow-green
Hardness:
2½ - 3 on Mohs scale
Parting:
May exhibit parting ⊥ elongation.
Density:
3.67 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Strashimirite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.726 nγ = 1.747
2V:
Measured: 70°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.021
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Optical Extinction:
Z ∧ elongation ≃ 5°.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Y = very pale yellowish green; Z = yellowish green.
Chemistry of Strashimirite
Mindat Formula:
Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Zn
Crystallography of Strashimirite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.71 Å, b = 18.81 Å, c = 8.94 Å
β = 97.2°
β = 97.2°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.516 : 1 : 0.475
Unit Cell V:
1,619.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
3
Comment:
Space group is P2/m, Pm or P2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
18.74 Å | (100) |
2.86 Å | (100) |
8.97 Å | (90) |
3.13 Å | (90) |
9.46 Å | (80) |
4.79 Å | (80) |
4.21 Å | (80) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] | |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Type Occurrence of Strashimirite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fine platy to fibrous aggregates in spherulites up to 0.5 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum, Sofia, Bulgaria.
University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidation zone of a copper deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Mincheva-Stefanova, I. (1968) Strashimirite, a new hydrous copper arsenate. Zapiski Vserossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 97: 470-477.
Synonyms of Strashimirite
Other Language Names for Strashimirite
German:Strashimirit
Spanish:Strashimirita
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
35 photos of Strashimirite associated with Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
31 photos of Strashimirite associated with Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
26 photos of Strashimirite associated with Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
20 photos of Strashimirite associated with Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
19 photos of Strashimirite associated with Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
13 photos of Strashimirite associated with Lavendulan | NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl · 5H2O |
9 photos of Strashimirite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
8 photos of Strashimirite associated with Claraite | (Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14 · 7H2O |
8 photos of Strashimirite associated with Cobalt-bearing Köttigite | (Zn,Co)3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
8 photos of Strashimirite associated with Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
8.DC. | Ianbruceite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) · 3H2O |
8.DC. | Césarferreiraite | Fe2+ Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC. | Ferrivauxite | Fe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
8.DC.05 | Nissonite | Cu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O |
8.DC.07 | Euchroite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) · 3H2O |
8.DC.10 | Legrandite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) · H2O |
8.DC.15 | Arthurite | CuFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | Earlshannonite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | Ojuelaite | ZnFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | Whitmoreite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | Cobaltarthurite | (Co,Mg)Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | Bendadaite | Fe2+Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | Kunatite | CuFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | UM2006-27-PO:FeHZn | ZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.15 | UKI-2006-(PO:AlCuFeH) | Fe2+Al3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.17 | Kleemanite | ZnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O |
8.DC.20 | Bermanite | Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.20 | Coralloite | Mn2+Mn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.20 | Magnesiobermanite | MgMn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
8.DC.22 | Kovdorskite | Mg2(PO4)(OH) · 3H2O |
8.DC.25 | Ferristrunzite | Fe3+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
8.DC.25 | Ferrostrunzite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
8.DC.25 | Metavauxite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.25 | Metavivianite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
8.DC.25 | Strunzite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
8.DC.25 | Zincostrunzite | ZnFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6.5H2O |
8.DC.27 | Beraunite | Fe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4 · 6H2O |
8.DC.27 | Tvrdýite | Fe2+Fe3+2 Al3(PO4)4(OH)5(H2O)4 · 2H2O |
8.DC.27 | Zincoberaunite | ZnFe3+5(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2O |
8.DC.30 | Gordonite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Laueite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Mangangordonite | Mn2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Paravauxite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Pseudolaueite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Sigloite | Fe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)3 · 7H2O |
8.DC.30 | Stewartite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Ushkovite | MgFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Ferrolaueite | Fe2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Kastningite | (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Maghrebite | MgAl2(AsO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.30 | Nordgauite | MnAl2(PO4)2(F,OH)2 · 5H2O |
8.DC.30 | Kayrobertsonite | [MnAl2(PO4)2(OH)2(H2O)4] · 2H2O |
8.DC.30 | Kummerite | Mn2+Fe3+Al(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O |
8.DC.32 | Tinticite | Fe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 3H2O |
8.DC.32 | Kamarizaite | Fe3+3(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 3H2O |
8.DC.35 | Vauxite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
8.DC.37 | Vantasselite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 · 9H2O |
8.DC.40 | Cacoxenite | Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
8.DC.45 | Gormanite | (Fe2+,Mg)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O |
8.DC.45 | Souzalite | (Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O |
8.DC.47 | Kingite | Al3(PO4)2F2(OH) · 7H2O |
8.DC.50 | Wavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH,F)3 · 5H2O |
8.DC.50 | Allanpringite | Fe3+3(PO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O |
8.DC.50 | Fluorwavellite | Al3(PO4)2(OH)2F · 5H2O |
8.DC.52 | Kribergite | Al5(PO4)3(SO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
8.DC.55 | Mapimite | Zn2Fe3+3(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 10H2O |
8.DC.57 | Ogdensburgite | Ca2Fe3+4(Zn,Mn2+)(AsO4)4(OH)6 · 6H2O |
8.DC.60 | Nevadaite | (Cu2+,Al,V3+)6Al8(PO4)8F8(OH)2 · 22H2O |
8.DC.60 | Cloncurryite | Cu0.5(VO)0.5Al2(PO4)2F2 · 5H2O |
8.DC.62 | Kenngottite | Mn2+3Fe3+4(PO4)4(OH)6(H2O)2 |
8.DC.67 | Molinelloite | Cu(H2O)(OH)V4+O(V5+O4) |
8.DC.70 | Whitecapsite | H16Fe2+5Fe3+14Sb3+6(AsO4)18O16 · 120H2O |
8.DC.75 | Heimite | PbCu2(AsO4)(OH)3 · 2H2O |
8.DC.80 | Lednevite | Cu[PO3(OH)] · H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Strashimirite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3799.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Strashimirite
Reference List:
Frost, Ray L., Sejkora, Jiří, Čejka, Jiří, Keeffe, Eloise C. (2009) Vibrational spectroscopic study of the arsenate mineral strashimirite Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4·5H2O—Relationship to other basic copper arsenates. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 50 (2) 289-297 doi:10.1016/j.vibspec.2009.02.002
Anthony, John W., Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. - Eds. (2016) Handbook of Mineralogy. https://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/
Localities for Strashimirite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Puttner (1996) |
| Kirchner et al. (2004) |
R.Poeverlein (2016) | |
| R.Poeverlein (2016) |
Kirchner et al. (2004) | |
R.Poeverlein (2016) | |
Strasser (1989) | |
Fritz Schreiber collection +1 other reference | |
Poeverlein (2008) | |
| R.Poeverlein (2016) |
| Auer (2022) |
| Schnorrer et al. (2002) |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
| 54 (in German) +1 other reference |
54 (in German) +1 other reference | |
| 58. +1 other reference |
| Arlt et al. (1994) |
Lapis 19 (7/8) | |
| - (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Bulgaria (TL) | |
| ZVMO (1968) |
| Minceva-Stefanova (1998) |
| |
Canada | |
| Reiner Mielke 2017 |
Chile | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (unpubl. results) |
Czech Republic | |
| Tvrdý et al. (2010) |
Lapis 2002 (7/8) | |
| Sejkora et al. (2010) |
Lapis 2002 (7/8) | |
| Sejkora et al. (2007) |
| Sejkora et al. (2015) |
France | |
| Vernay (1997) |
| Favreau G. et al. (1996) |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Paul De Bondt collection |
Wittern | |
| Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references |
Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Favreau et al. (2003) |
| Jean-Marie Claude collection +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Gröbner (2007) |
| |
| |
Walenta (1992) | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
Walenta (1992) | |
| Belendorff et al. (1987) |
| Legner et al. (2022) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) | |
| J. Gröbner: Neufunde aus den Bergbaurevieren St. Andreasberg et al. (2007) |
| Der Aufschluss 2000 (2) |
| ohannes Markus Henrich +2 other references |
Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) | |
| www.mineralienfreunde-der-pfalz.de (2015) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Der Aufschluss Vol.55 |
| 58 (in German) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wittern (2001) |
Marcus Voigt Collection | |
Greece | |
| no description given yet] +1 other reference |
| Rieck et al. (2018) |
Möckel (2000) +1 other reference | |
Hungary | |
| Collector: Gábor Koller +1 other reference |
Ireland | |
| de Haller |
Italy | |
| Carnia (Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia) +1 other reference |
| Balestra et al. (2009) |
| analysed by Dr. Anthony Kampf +1 other reference |
| Guastoni et al. (2006) +2 other references |
Guastoni A. et al. (2006) +2 other references | |
| Caboni et al. (2018) |
| Ferretti et al. (2017) |
| Fabio Tosato +3 other references |
| LIBVRNA N°2 September 2021 |
| Domenico Saccardo et al. (2019) +1 other reference |
Morocco | |
| Favreau et al. (2019) |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Georges FAVREAU collection + EDS |
Poland | |
| Domańska +1 other reference |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
Russia | |
| Nenasheva et al. (2011) |
Slovakia | |
| Martin Števko |
Kodě +2 other references | |
| Števko et al. (2016) |
Števko M. | |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
| Koděra (1986) |
Spain | |
| Mineralogía de la concesión San Rafael |
| issuu.com (n.d.) +1 other reference |
issuu.com (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Meisser (1999) +1 other reference |
EDXS analyses | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Cuchet et al. (2002) |
UK | |
| Bruce et al. (1998) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| - (2006) |
| Hubbard et al. (2005) |
USA | |
| Kampf et al. (2018) |
| Jensen et al. (2012) |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Ameican Mineralogist +2 other references |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Roberts et al. (1997) |
| collected by Brent Thorne |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
| Kokinos et al. (1993) |
Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22 |
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Copper stope, Majuba Hill Mine, Antelope Mining District, Pershing County, Nevada, USA