Celadonite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Celadonite
Formula:
K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Colour:
Blue-green, olive green, apple green
Lustre:
Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.95 - 3.05
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named after the French "céladon" for "sea-green", its common colour.
Co-Type Localities:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
926
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:926:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
db615ac3-059d-4ec1-8895-23b03fb9d485
IMA Classification of Celadonite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
KMgFe3+Si4O10(OH)2
Classification of Celadonite
9.EC.15
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
71.2.2a.6
71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
14.24.3
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
24 : Silicates of Fe, Mg and alkalis
14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
24 : Silicates of Fe, Mg and alkalis
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Cel | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. | |
Cel | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
Cel | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
Cel | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Cel | Warr (2020) | Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30 |
Physical Properties of Celadonite
Waxy, Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Blue-green, olive green, apple green
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Fragile
Cleavage:
Perfect
perfect on {001}
perfect on {001}
Comment:
Friable to unctuous
Density:
2.95 - 3.05 g/cm3 (Measured) 3 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Celadonite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.606 - 1.625 nβ = 1.630 - 1.662 nγ = 1.579 - 1.661
2V:
Measured: 5° to 8°
Birefringence:
0.030
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.027
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v moderate
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Yellow-green
Blue-green
Blue-green
Chemistry of Celadonite
Mindat Formula:
K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Common Impurities:
Mn,Ca,Na
Crystallography of Celadonite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.23(2) Å, b = 9.06(1) Å, c = 10.13(2) Å
β = 100.92°
β = 100.92°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.577 : 1 : 1.118
Unit Cell V:
471.31 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Minute micaceous scales or earthy aggregates
Comment:
May have space group C2.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0005023 | Celadonite | Drits V A, Zviagina B B, McCarty D K, Salyn A L (2010) Factors responsible for crystal-chemical variations in the solid solutions from illite to aluminoceladonite and from glauconite to celadonite Sample Name: 69 American Mineralogist 95 348-361 | 2010 | Krivoi Rog mining district, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
0005024 | Celadonite | Drits V A, Zviagina B B, McCarty D K, Salyn A L (2010) Factors responsible for crystal-chemical variations in the solid solutions from illite to aluminoceladonite and from glauconite to celadonite Sample Name: TAIH American Mineralogist 95 348-361 | 2010 | Taiheizan, Akita Prefecture, Japan | 0 | 293 | |
0005025 | Celadonite | Drits V A, Zviagina B B, McCarty D K, Salyn A L (2010) Factors responsible for crystal-chemical variations in the solid solutions from illite to aluminoceladonite and from glauconite to celadonite Sample Name: Z1 American Mineralogist 95 348-361 | 2010 | Russia | 0 | 293 | |
0019600 | Celadonite | Zhukhlistov A P (2005) Crystal structure of celadonite from the electron diffraction data Crystallography Reports 50 902-906 | 2005 | Krivoi mine, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
0014183 | Celadonite | Zhukhlistov A P, Zvyagin B B, Lazarenko E K, Pavlishin V I (1977) Refinement of the crystal structure of ferrous celadonite Kristallografiya 22 498-504 | 1977 | Krivoi mine, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
0019223 | Celadonite | Tsipurskij S I, Drits V A (1986) Refining the crystallographic structure of celadonite Mineralogiceskij Zhurnal 8 32-40 | 1986 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.580 Å | (100) |
4.53 Å | (85) |
3.635 Å | (80) |
3.087 Å | (80) |
2.678 Å | (75) |
2.402 Å | (75) |
3.318 Å | (70) |
Comments:
Wind River area, Washington, USA. Data from Wise and Eugster (1964).
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
16 : Low-𝑇 aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23) | |
Near-surface Processes | |
22 : Hydration and low-𝑇 subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) | |
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] |
Geological Setting:
Replaces ferromagnesian minerals in altered intermediate to mafic igneous rocks, zeolite grade metamorphic rocks, amygdaloidal fillings in basalts and andesites.
Type Occurrence of Celadonite
Synonyms of Celadonite
Other Language Names for Celadonite
Relationship of Celadonite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Aluminoceladonite | K(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Chromceladonite | K(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2 : B2 |
Ferroaluminoceladonite | K(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Ferroceladonite | K(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Manganiceladonite | K(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
Unnamed (V-analogue of Celadonite) | K(MgV◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
178 photos of Celadonite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
159 photos of Celadonite associated with Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
125 photos of Celadonite associated with Chalcedony | SiO2 |
85 photos of Celadonite associated with Heulandite-Ca | (Ca,Na)5(Si27Al9)O72 · 26H2O |
79 photos of Celadonite associated with Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
73 photos of Celadonite associated with Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
64 photos of Celadonite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
49 photos of Celadonite associated with Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
49 photos of Celadonite associated with Amethyst | SiO2 |
39 photos of Celadonite associated with Hematite | Fe2O3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
9.EC. | Balestraite | KLi2V5+Si4O12 |
9.EC. | Meifuite | KFe6(Si7Al)O19(OH)4Cl2 |
9.EC.05 | Minnesotaite | Fe2+3Si4O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.05 | Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.05 | Willemseite | Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.9.EC. | Voloshinite | Rb(LiAl1.5◻0.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2 |
9.EC.10 | Ferripyrophyllite | Fe3+Si2O5(OH) |
9.EC.10 | Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.10 | Luanshiweiite | KLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.10 | Fluorluanshiweiite | KLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10F2 |
9.EC.10 | Manganiceladonite | K(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.10 | Garmite | CsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2 |
9.EC.10 | Gorbunovite | CsLi2(Ti,Fe)Si4O10(F,OH,O)2 |
9.EC.15 | Boromuscovite | KAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Chernykhite | (Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Montdorite | (K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4 |
9.EC.15 | Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Nanpingite | CsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2 |
9.EC.15 | Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Roscoelite | K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Tobelite | (NH4,K)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Aluminoceladonite | K(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Chromphyllite | K(Cr,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2 |
9.EC.15 | Ferroaluminoceladonite | K(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Ferroceladonite | K(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Chromceladonite | K(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | Tainiolite | KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2 |
9.EC.15 | Ganterite | (Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.15 | UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMg | KLiMgAl2Si3O10F2 |
9.EC.15 | Kreiterite | CsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2 |
9.EC.20 | Annite | KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Ephesite | NaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Masutomilite | (K,Rb)(Li,Mn3+,Al)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Norrishite | KLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2 |
9.EC.20 | Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Polylithionite | KLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Preiswerkite | NaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Siderophyllite | KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Tetraferriphlogopite | KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2 |
9.EC.20 | Fluorotetraferriphlogopite | KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2 |
9.EC.20 | Wonesite | (Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4 |
9.EC.20 | Eastonite | KMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Tetraferriannite | KFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Trilithionite | K(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Fluorannite | KFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
9.EC.20 | Shirokshinite | K(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2 |
9.EC.20 | Shirozulite | KMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Sokolovaite | CsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2 |
9.EC.20 | Aspidolite | NaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 |
9.EC.20 | UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi | (Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Suhailite | (NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.20 | Yangzhumingite | KMg2.5(Si4O10)F2 |
9.EC.20 | Orlovite | KLi2Ti(Si4O10)OF |
9.EC.20 | Oxyphlogopite | K(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2 |
9.EC.20 | Chloroferrokinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)2 |
9.EC.22 | Pimelite | Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O |
9.EC.30 | Chlorophaeite | (Ca,Mg,Fe)2Fe2Si4O13 · 10H2O |
9.EC.30 | Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.35 | Anandite | (Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2 |
9.EC.35 | Bityite | CaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.35 | Clintonite | CaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.35 | Kinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.35 | Ferrokinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2 |
9.EC.35 | Oxykinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2 |
9.EC.35 | Fluorokinoshitalite | BaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2 |
9.EC.40 | Beidellite | (Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
9.EC.40 | Kurumsakite | (Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?) |
9.EC.40 | Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
9.EC.40 | Nontronite | Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
9.EC.40 | Volkonskoite | Ca0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
9.EC.40 | Yakhontovite | (Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2O |
9.EC.45 | Hectorite | Na0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2 |
9.EC.45 | Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
9.EC.45 | Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
9.EC.45 | Spadaite | MgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?) |
9.EC.45 | Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
9.EC.45 | Swinefordite | Li(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O |
9.EC.45 | Zincsilite | Zn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?) |
9.EC.45 | Ferrosaponite | Ca0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
9.EC.45 | Hanjiangite | Ba2CaV3+Al(H2AlSi3O12)(CO3)2F |
9.EC.50 | Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O |
9.EC.52 | Tarasovite | near NaKAl11Si13O40(OH)9 · 3H2O |
9.EC.55 | Baileychlore | (Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Chamosite | (Fe2+)5Al(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8 |
9.EC.55 | Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Cookeite | (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Franklinfurnaceite | Ca2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Gonyerite | (Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Nimite | (Ni,Mg,Al)6((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Orthochamosite | (Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8 |
9.EC.55 | Pennantite | Mn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Sudoite | Mg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Donbassite | Al4.33(Si3Al)O10(OH)8 |
9.EC.55 | Glagolevite | Na(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8 |
9.EC.55 | Borocookeite | (LiAl4◻)[BSi3O10](OH)8 |
9.EC.60 | Aliettite | Ca0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
9.EC.60 | Corrensite | (Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O |
9.EC.60 | Dozyite | Mg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12 |
9.EC.60 | Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
9.EC.60 | Karpinskite | (Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?) |
9.EC.60 | Kulkeite | Mg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10 |
9.EC.60 | Lunijianlaite | Li0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10 |
9.EC.60 | Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
9.EC.60 | Saliotite | (Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5 |
9.EC.60 | Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O |
9.EC.60 | Brinrobertsite | Na0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2O |
9.EC.65 | Macaulayite | (Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2 |
9.EC.70 | Burckhardtite | Pb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6 |
9.EC.75 | Ferrisurite | (Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2O |
9.EC.75 | Surite | (Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2 |
9.EC.75 | Niksergievite | (Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2O |
9.EC.80 | Kegelite | Pb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8 |
Fluorescence of Celadonite
Not fluorescent in UV.
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Celadonite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-926.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Celadonite
Reference List:
Velde, Bruce (1972) Celadonite mica: Solid solution and stability. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 37 (3) Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 235-247 doi:10.1007/bf00373072
Localities for Celadonite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Angola | |
| M. R. Portugal V. Ferreira |
Antarctica | |
| Bastias et al. (2013) |
Bastias et al. (2013) +1 other reference | |
Argentina | |
| Grundmann et al. (2018) |
| Brodtkorb (1999) |
Brodtkorb (1999) | |
| Aliotta et al. (Santa Cruz) |
Armenia | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
Australia | |
| Gilligan et al. (1992) |
| Knutson et al. (1979) |
www.portergeo.com.au and ... | |
| Luis Martins visual ID |
| Pryce et al. (1974) |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1984 48 : 263-266 |
Austria | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| B. Kutil |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
Bolivia | |
| Alfredo Petrov (field trip, 23-08-2006) |
| Alfredo Petrov |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| F. Mušija 2022. |
Brazil | |
| Traversa et al. (2001) |
| Zeolite collection of Volker Betz |
| Gilg et al. (2003) |
| Pereira et al. (2021) |
| Frank (2008) |
Specimens in innumerable collections. | |
King (n.d.) | |
P Haas collection | |
Hervé Osana | |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
| Rodrigo Del Olmo Sato Collection |
www.museumin.ufrgs.br (2003) | |
| Cornejo et al. (2009) |
Bulgaria | |
| Djurova et al. (1989) +2 other references |
| Marcus Voigt Collection |
| J.Ralph and P.Martynov site visit 2023 |
| Encheva |
| Hikov et al. (2011) |
| American Mineralogist (1966) |
| Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte et al. (10) |
Canada | |
| on an "erionite"/heulandite spec. from ... |
| Wojdak |
| MINFILE No 093E 120 +1 other reference |
| www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile +1 other reference |
| King (n.d.) |
| King (n.d.) |
King (n.d.) | |
| Vandall King |
| Ronnie Van Dommelen collection |
Terry Collett collection | |
| King (n.d.) |
| King (n.d.) |
| Sabina (1964) |
Pe-Piper (2000) +1 other reference | |
Sabina (1964) | |
Ronnie Van Dommelen collection | |
Ronnie Van Dommelen collection | |
Van Dommelen (2023) | |
Sabina (1964) | |
Ronnie Van Dommelen collection | |
Pe-Piper (2000) | |
Ronnie Van Dommelen collection | |
Chile | |
| Vidal et al. (2022) |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
| fluid inclusion microthermometry et al. (1-2) +1 other reference |
| Crespo et al. (2018) |
China | |
| Shouting Zhang et al. (2004) |
| Zhang et al. (2023) |
| Luorong Tan (1986) |
| Chunzeng Wang et al. (2001) |
Cuba | |
| Acta Geológica Hispánica et al. (1-4) |
| Acta Geológica Hispánica et al. (1-4) |
Cyprus | |
| Rocks & Min.: 58:181. |
| Antivachis (2015) |
Czech Republic | |
| GOLIÁŠ (2002) |
| Novák et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Klomínský |
| Moravec +3 other references |
| Kruťa et al. (Sborník Přírodovědecké společnosti v Ostravě) |
Kruťa et al. (Sborník Přírodovědecké společnosti v Ostravě) | |
| Dolníček (2018) |
| Roman Gramblicka collection |
| Melka |
| Černý P. |
| Černý P.: Příspěvek k mineralogii ... +3 other references |
Canadian Mineralogist Vol.22 (1984) | |
Dominican Republic | |
| Broda et al. (2022) |
| Krebs et al. (2008) |
Ecuador | |
| an NI 43-101 Technical Report prepared ... +1 other reference |
Faroe Islands | |
| - (2011, November) |
| - (2011, November) |
Petrov (n.d.) | |
| Zeolite collection of Volker Betz |
| Zeolite collection of Volker Betz |
| - (2011, November) |
France | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Dudoignon et al. (1989) |
Dudoignon et al. (1989) | |
| Giret et al. (1992) +1 other reference |
| Spandler +1 other reference |
| Lebocey et al. (2023) |
| "Les minéralisations associées au volcanisme andésitique de Biot-Villeneuve Loubet (Alpes Maritimes) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| see locality page |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Betz (2019) |
| D.F. Mertz et al. : "Isotopic dating of ... |
| MÜLLER (1990) |
| Self found |
| H. Schneider: "Saarland" et al. (Berlin, Stuttgart) |
| Lapis 1977 (6) |
| www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.) |
| G. Müller |
Thomas Kleser & Erwin Ecker Collections | |
| |
| Wittern (2001) |
| King (n.d.) |
Greece | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
Greenland | |
| Russ Rizzo collection via A. Petrov |
Hungary | |
| Bujtor et al. (2024) |
| Mineral Species of Hungary |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary |
| Szakáll et al. (1996) |
| |
Szakáll & Gatter: Hungarian Mineral ... | |
| Szakáll et al. (1996) |
| Szakáll et al. (1996) |
| Szakáll et al. (1996) |
| www.geomania.hu (2013) |
Szakáll-Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary | |
GEODA | |
| |
GEODA/1997 | |
Szakáll (2002) | |
| Szakáll-Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary |
| Szakáll & Gatter: Hungarian Mineral ... |
| Szakáll et al. (1996) +2 other references |
| Koch: Minerals of Hungary |
Iceland | |
| Betz (1981) |
| Zeolite collection of Volker Betz |
| Vanrusselt (2023) |
| Vanrusselt (2023) |
Neuhoff et al. (1999) | |
Weisenberger et al. (2009) | |
| Zeolite collection of Volker Betz |
India | |
| Meteoritics & Planetary Science et al. (March 2003) |
King (n.d.) | |
| Keith Compton collection |
| Götze et al. (2020) |
| Specimens received from Salim Tyebjee |
| BHAIRAWNATH T. WAKALE (visual ID ) |
Rob Lavinsky | |
Moore (2002) | |
Antonio Borrelli. | |
Arliguie M collection | |
| Jordi Fabre photo |
Gotze +7 other references | |
| Gotze +7 other references |
| Singh et al. (2022) |
Niedermayr et al. (2012) | |
| Singh et al. (2022) |
Indian Ocean | |
Maciąg et al. (2019) | |
| D. Besse et al. |
Indonesia | |
| Suhendra et al. (2024) |
Iran | |
| Maziar Nazari (2005) |
Italy | |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Russo et al. (2004) |
| Imma Punzo find & collection |
| ADORNI F. (1997) |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2015) |
Exel (1987) | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| analysed by Dr. Anthony Kampf |
| Guastoni et al. (2002) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Antofilli |
| Matteo Giai et al. (2023) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Eur. J. Mineral (1989) |
| Eur. J. Mineral (1989) |
Eur. J. Mineral. | |
| Gamboni et al. (2021) |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
| Fiori et al. (1999) |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
| Colacicchi (1963) +1 other reference |
| Exel (1987) |
De Michele (1974) +2 other references | |
De Michele (1974) | |
| Exel (1987) |
| Exel (1987) |
Gottardi G. (1965) | |
| Exel (1987) |
| Pedroni (1996) |
Exel (1987) | |
Exel (1987) | |
| Exel (1987) |
reprint +9 other references | |
| De Michele (1974) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Exel (1987) |
| Buckley et al. (1978) |
Exel (1987) | |
Liebener et al. (1852) +2 other references | |
Exel (1987) | |
Exel (1987) | |
| Braccio (1951) |
| De Michele (1974) |
| Mattioli et al. (2016) |
| Paolo Bosio find & collection |
| Buscaroli et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
Fabris et al. (2014) | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Zorzi F. |
Billows (1904) | |
| De Michele (1970) +3 other references |
| Federici (1948) +4 other references |
| "Minerali del Vicentino - La natrolite" ... |
Boscardin M. et al. (Vicenza) | |
Ivory Coast | |
| Pouclet A. et al. (2004) |
Japan | |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Go Ito specimens |
| Matsubara (2003) |
| Matsubara (2003) |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
PXRD + XRF by Alfredo Petrov | |
| Momma et al. (2015) |
Mineralogical Journal Vol. 11 (1982) | |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Spiridonov (2014) |
Madagascar | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Le Régne Minéral # 112 |
| Behier (1960) |
Behier (1963) | |
| Michel Arliguie collection & photo (Photo ID: 1009476, old sample, Ex Jean Behier collection) |
Mexico | |
| Moore (1998) |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Part I et al. (8) +1 other reference |
| Lapis 2001 (1) |
| Brian Cowger |
Morocco | |
| Pršek et al. (2020) |
| Pršek et al. (2020) |
Namibia | |
| Cairncross et al. (2007) |
Nazca Plate | |
Zawadzki et al. (2022) +1 other reference | |
New Zealand | |
| T. Saunderson collection +1 other reference |
| Collection of RJ Martin |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
| de Ronde +16 other references |
| Collection of RJ Martin (initial ID by S Courtney, Univ of Auck) |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
Railton et al. (1990) | |
| Hutton (1942) +1 other reference |
Nicaragua | |
| Rock Currier collection #8720 |
North Macedonia | |
| Percival et al. (1994) |
Norway | |
| Prestvik et al. (1999) |
| Engvoldsen et al. (1991) |
| Brøgger (1931) |
Brøgger (1931) | |
| Furnes et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
| Kvamsdal (1998) |
Oman | |
| Haymon et al. (1989) |
Pacific Ocean | |
| Christine Laverne et al. (2006) |
Panama | |
| Byington |
Paraguay | |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
Peru | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Poland | |
| Cichoń (1977) |
Eligiusz Szełęg private collection | |
| Eligiusz Szełęg collection |
Marszałek M. & Czerny J. 2009: ... | |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Praszkier et al. (2011) |
| Głuszyca Górna (the Intra-Sudetic Basin, Poland) +1 other reference |
| Kühn B. (1918) |
| Michalik (1991) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Chodyniecka L. (1969) | |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves collection. Characterized ... |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
| Leal et al. (2022) |
Romania | |
| Szakáll |
Russia | |
| Ripp et al. (2019) |
| Bosi et al. (2014) |
| Palyanova +3 other references |
| Levitsky (webmineral.ru) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Pekov (2003) |
... | |
| Borozdin et al. (2014, January) |
| Попов et al. (2018) |
| Kasatkin et al. (2021) |
Slovakia | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Koděra (1986) |
Koděra (1986) | |
Koděra (1986) | |
| Zipser (1817) |
Koděra (1986) | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Duda |
| Ďuďa |
| Duda et. all. |
| Duda et all. |
| Koděra (1986) |
South America Plate | |
| Schrank et al. (2024) |
Spain | |
| Toscano et al. (1994) |
| e.j.timmerman |
| Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 323 (2003) |
| Juan Miguel Casanova |
Sweden | |
| |
UK | |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Ingram (1994) |
| McLintock (1915) |
| King (n.d.) |
| NNational Museum of Wales database |
Ukraine | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data of 2015 |
Tischenko A. data | |
| Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914) |
| Tischenko Alexander |
| A. Tischenko. Minerals of the Crimea - ... |
| Dvoichenko (1914) +1 other reference |
| Liventseva (n.d.) |
Uruguay | |
| Giulio Morteani et al. (2010) |
USA | |
| Econ Geol (1987) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Cooper (1964) +1 other reference |
| Lowell (1956) +1 other reference |
| Thomssen et al. (1983) |
Bideaux et al. (1960) +2 other references | |
Bideaux et al. (1960) +2 other references | |
Bideaux et al. (1960) +2 other references | |
| Thomssen (1983) +1 other reference |
| Thomssen (1983) +1 other reference |
Bideaux et al. (1960) +2 other references | |
| Howard +1 other reference |
Howard +1 other reference | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 430. +2 other references |
| Bob Massey micromount collection |
DeVito (1997) | |
| CDMG OFR 94-11 " Mineral Land ... |
| Irelan et al. (1890a) +1 other reference |
| DeVito (1992) |
| Hampson (2004) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Rocks & Minerals 79:5 pp316-324 |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Carnein et al. (2005) |
| John Pawloski collection |
| Moritz (n.d.) |
| King (n.d.) |
| Ream (2004) |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| Yalmer Primeau |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| MarekC pers.coll. July 2016 |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Ken Coleman Collection |
Ken Coleman Collection | |
| - (2005) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Ken Coleman Collection |
Ken Coleman Collection | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Chet Lemanski collection. |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Min Rec 20:1 p59 |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Chamberlain et al. (1999) |
| Gary Moldovany collection |
| Hershel Friedman collection (2007) |
| GSA Southeatern Section-60th Annual Meeting (23-25 March 2011) |
Susina (2010) | |
| Bill Thompkins |
Gladwell ( ) +3 other references | |
| King (n.d.) |
| Zach Capel |
| Micro Probe Vol. 6 No. 3 Fall 1986 +2 other references |
| Steve Ewens Collection |
| Bargar et al. (1997) |
Bargar et al. (1997) | |
Bargar et al. (1997) | |
| Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection |
| Petersen et al. (2001) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| DANA R. KELLEY AND PAUL F. KERR (1958) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Dietrich (1985) |
| Micro Probe (1995) |
| Miklancic collection #2575/71 |
| Micro Probe Volume VIII Number 9 spring ... |
| Cannon (1975) |
| Cannon (1975) |
| Cordua |
Tschernich (1992) | |
Zimbabwe | |
| Wolfgang Hampel |
| Wolfgang Hampel |
Moore (2013) |
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