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Ladolam Gold deposit (Lihir Mine), Luise Stratovolcano, Lihir Island, New Ireland Province, Papua New Guineai
Regional Level Types
Ladolam Gold deposit (Lihir Mine)Deposit
Luise StratovolcanoStratovolcano
Lihir IslandIsland
New Ireland ProvinceProvince
Papua New GuineaCountry

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Type:
Deposit
Deposit first discovered:
1982
Age:
0.36 Β± 0.03 to 0.34 Β± 0.03 Ma
Geologic Time:
Pleistocene
Dating method:
K-Ar
Reference for age:
Rytuba, J.J., McKee, E.H., Cox, D. (1993) Geochronology and geochemistry of the Ladolam gold deposit, Lihir Island, and gold deposits and volcanoes of Tabar and Tatau, Papua New Guinea. US Geological Survey Bulletin, 2039, 119-126.
Mindat Locality ID:
27932
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:27932:0
GUID (UUID V4):
acaa9407-d6d3-492b-a02f-f97f877160f7


A gold mine and the world's largest known low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposit. It is located in an active hydrothermal system.
Ore formation involved an earlier un-economic porphyry stage, and a later, overprinting low sulphidation advanced argillic phase accompanying the bulk of the gold.

Exploration since 1983 has defined several adjacent and partly overlapping deposits: Lienetz, Minifie, Coastal, and Kapit with adjacent satellite deposits of Borefields and Camp. The bulk of the known mineralisation is in Minifie and Lienetz.

"At Lihir, all post processing waste from the mine is channeled by pipeline directly into the sea. Over the life of the mine this will amount to 341,432 tons. The Lihir mining operation discharges this waste directly into the sea to a depth of 125 m, 1.5 km from the island, via a STD pipe. It is hoped that the waste will slide down an ocean trench, the logic being that at such depths, it will fail to affect the surface layer of the ocean (Berne Declaration 1999). The mine’s Environmental Plan admits that benthic macro invertebrates will be exposed to high concentrations of cyanide and metals in the area of the tailings sediments."

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

34 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
β“˜ Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
β“˜ Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
β“˜ Anatase
Formula: TiO2
β“˜ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
References:
www.portergeo.com.au (2002) http://www.portergeo.com.au/tours/pacificgold99/pg99m1.asp#lihir.
MΓΌller, D., Kaminski, K., Uhlig, S., Graupner, T., Herzig, P.M., Hunt, S. (2002) The transition from porphyry-to epithermal-style gold mineralization at Ladolam, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: a reconnaissance study. Mineralium Deposita 37(1),61-74.
Blackwell, J. L., Cooke, D. R., McPhie, J., Simpson, K. A. (2014) Lithofacies Associations and Evolution of the Volcanic Host Succession to the Minifie Ore Zone: Ladolam Gold Deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 109 (4) 1137-1160 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.4.1137
Sykora, Stephanie, Selley, David, Cooke, David R., Harris, Anthony C. (2018) The Structure and Significance of Anhydrite-Bearing Vein Arrays, Lienetz Orebody, Lihir Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 113 (1) 237-270 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4550
β“˜ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜ Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
β“˜ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
β“˜ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
References:
MΓΌller, D., Kaminski, K., Uhlig, S., Graupner, T., Herzig, P.M., Hunt, S. (2002) The transition from porphyry-to epithermal-style gold mineralization at Ladolam, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: a reconnaissance study. Mineralium Deposita 37:61-74.
Blackwell, J. L., Cooke, D. R., McPhie, J., Simpson, K. A. (2014) Lithofacies Associations and Evolution of the Volcanic Host Succession to the Minifie Ore Zone: Ladolam Gold Deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 109 (4) 1137-1160 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.4.1137
Sykora, Stephanie, Selley, David, Cooke, David R., Harris, Anthony C. (2018) The Structure and Significance of Anhydrite-Bearing Vein Arrays, Lienetz Orebody, Lihir Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 113 (1) 237-270 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4550
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
References:
MΓΌller, D., Kaminski, K., Uhlig, S., Graupner, T., Herzig, P.M., Hunt, S. (2002) The transition from porphyry-to epithermal-style gold mineralization at Ladolam, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: a reconnaissance study. Mineralium Deposita 37:61-74.
Gemmell, J,B., Sharpe, R., Jonasson, I,R., Herzig, P.M. (2004) Sulfur Isotope Evidence for Magmatic Contributions to Submarine and Subaerial Gold Mineralization: Conical Seamount and the Ladolam Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology 99(8), 1711-1725.
Blackwell, J. L., Cooke, D. R., McPhie, J., Simpson, K. A. (2014) Lithofacies Associations and Evolution of the Volcanic Host Succession to the Minifie Ore Zone: Ladolam Gold Deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 109 (4) 1137-1160 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.4.1137
β“˜ Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
β“˜ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
References:
MΓΌller, D., Kaminski, K., Uhlig, S., Graupner, T., Herzig, P.M., Hunt, S. (2002) The transition from porphyry-to epithermal-style gold mineralization at Ladolam, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: a reconnaissance study. Mineralium Deposita 37:61-74.
Gemmell, J,B., Sharpe, R., Jonasson, I,R., Herzig, P.M. (2004) Sulfur Isotope Evidence for Magmatic Contributions to Submarine and Subaerial Gold Mineralization: Conical Seamount and the Ladolam Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology 99(8), 1711-1725.
Blackwell, J. L., Cooke, D. R., McPhie, J., Simpson, K. A. (2014) Lithofacies Associations and Evolution of the Volcanic Host Succession to the Minifie Ore Zone: Ladolam Gold Deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 109 (4) 1137-1160 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.4.1137
β“˜ 'Chlorite Group'
β“˜ 'Clay minerals'
β“˜ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
β“˜ Epidote
Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
β“˜ Galena
Formula: PbS
References:
MΓΌller, D., Kaminski, K., Uhlig, S., Graupner, T., Herzig, P.M., Hunt, S. (2002) The transition from porphyry-to epithermal-style gold mineralization at Ladolam, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: a reconnaissance study. Mineralium Deposita 37:61-74.
Gemmell, J,B., Sharpe, R., Jonasson, I,R., Herzig, P.M. (2004) Sulfur Isotope Evidence for Magmatic Contributions to Submarine and Subaerial Gold Mineralization: Conical Seamount and the Ladolam Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology 99(8), 1711-1725.
Blackwell, J. L., Cooke, D. R., McPhie, J., Simpson, K. A. (2014) Lithofacies Associations and Evolution of the Volcanic Host Succession to the Minifie Ore Zone: Ladolam Gold Deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 109 (4) 1137-1160 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.4.1137
β“˜ Gold
Formula: Au
β“˜ Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
β“˜ Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
β“˜ 'K Feldspar'
β“˜ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
References:
www.portergeo.com.au (2002) http://www.portergeo.com.au/tours/pacificgold99/pg99m1.asp#lihir.
MΓΌller, D., Kaminski, K., Uhlig, S., Graupner, T., Herzig, P.M., Hunt, S. (2002) The transition from porphyry-to epithermal-style gold mineralization at Ladolam, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: a reconnaissance study. Mineralium Deposita 37(1),61-74.
Blackwell, J. L., Cooke, D. R., McPhie, J., Simpson, K. A. (2014) Lithofacies Associations and Evolution of the Volcanic Host Succession to the Minifie Ore Zone: Ladolam Gold Deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 109 (4) 1137-1160 doi:10.2113/econgeo.109.4.1137
Sykora, Stephanie, Selley, David, Cooke, David R., Harris, Anthony C. (2018) The Structure and Significance of Anhydrite-Bearing Vein Arrays, Lienetz Orebody, Lihir Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 113 (1) 237-270 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4550
β“˜ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ 'Mica Group'
β“˜ Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
β“˜ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
β“˜ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
β“˜ Orthobrannerite
Formula: U4+U6+Ti4O12(OH)2
β“˜ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
β“˜ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
β“˜ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
β“˜ Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
β“˜ Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
β“˜ Riebeckite
Formula: ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
β“˜ 'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
β“˜ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
β“˜ 'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
β“˜ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
β“˜ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
β“˜ Tremolite
Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜ Vermiculite
Formula: Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
β“˜Gold
var. Electrum		1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
β“˜1.AA.05Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Acanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
β“˜Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
β“˜Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
β“˜Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
β“˜Galena2.CD.10PbS
β“˜Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
β“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
β“˜Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
β“˜Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
β“˜'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
β“˜'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Quartz
var. Chalcedony		4.DA.05SiO2
β“˜4.DA.05SiO2
β“˜Opal4.DA.10SiO2 Β· nH2O
β“˜Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
β“˜Anatase4.DD.05TiO2
β“˜Orthobrannerite4.DH.05U4+U6+Ti4O12(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Rhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Anhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
β“˜Celestine7.AD.35SrSO4
β“˜Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
β“˜Alunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜Epidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
β“˜Actinolite9.DE.10β—»Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜Tremolite9.DE.10β—»Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
β“˜Riebeckite9.DE.25β—»[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
β“˜Muscovite
var. Sericite		9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜var. Illite9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
β“˜9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Phlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
β“˜Vermiculite9.EC.50Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 Β· 8H2O
β“˜Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
β“˜Orthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
β“˜Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
β“˜'K Feldspar
var. Adularia'		-KAlSi3O8
β“˜'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
β“˜'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
β“˜'Clay minerals'-
β“˜'Mica Group'-
β“˜'Chlorite Group'-
β“˜'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜'K Feldspar'-
β“˜'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 Β· nH2O
β“˜'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Hβ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Hβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Hβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Hβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Hβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Hβ“˜ OrthobranneriteU4+U6+Ti4O12(OH)2
Hβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Hβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hβ“˜ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Hβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
BBoron
Bβ“˜ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cβ“˜ RhodochrositeMnCO3
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Oβ“˜ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Oβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oβ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Oβ“˜ AnataseTiO2
Oβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Oβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Oβ“˜ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Oβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Oβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Oβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Oβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Oβ“˜ OrthobranneriteU4+U6+Ti4O12(OH)2
Oβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Oβ“˜ RhodochrositeMnCO3
Oβ“˜ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Oβ“˜ RutileTiO2
Oβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oβ“˜ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Oβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oβ“˜ Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Oβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naβ“˜ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Naβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mgβ“˜ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Alβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alβ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Alβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Alβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Alβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Alβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Siβ“˜ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Siβ“˜ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siβ“˜ Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Siβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Siβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Siβ“˜ KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Siβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Siβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ QuartzSiO2
Siβ“˜ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Siβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Siβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ AcanthiteAg2S
Sβ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Sβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Sβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Sβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
Sβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Sβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Sβ“˜ MolybdeniteMoS2
Sβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
Sβ“˜ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Sβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Kβ“˜ AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Kβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kβ“˜ Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Kβ“˜ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kβ“˜ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kβ“˜ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Caβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Caβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caβ“˜ Tremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
Caβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Tiβ“˜ AnataseTiO2
Tiβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiβ“˜ OrthobranneriteU4+U6+Ti4O12(OH)2
Tiβ“˜ RutileTiO2
Tiβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
MnManganese
Mnβ“˜ RhodochrositeMnCO3
FeIron
Feβ“˜ Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Feβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Feβ“˜ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feβ“˜ Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Feβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ MarcasiteFeS2
Feβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feβ“˜ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feβ“˜ Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Feβ“˜ VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuβ“˜ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cuβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asβ“˜ ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Asβ“˜ Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
SrStrontium
Srβ“˜ CelestineSrSO4
MoMolybdenum
Moβ“˜ MolybdeniteMoS2
AgSilver
Agβ“˜ AcanthiteAg2S
Agβ“˜ Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
SbAntimony
Sbβ“˜ Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
BaBarium
Baβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
AuGold
Auβ“˜ Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Auβ“˜ GoldAu
PbLead
Pbβ“˜ GalenaPbS
UUranium
Uβ“˜ OrthobranneriteU4+U6+Ti4O12(OH)2

Fossils

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Localities in this Region

Papua New Guinea

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References

Moyle, A.L., Doyle, B.J., Hoogvliet, H., Ware, A.R. (1990) Ladolam gold deposit, Lihir Island: Monograph Series - Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 14, 1793-1805.
Rytuba, J.J., McKee, E.H., Cox, D. (1993) Geochronology and geochemistry of the Ladolam gold deposit, Lihir Island, and gold deposits and volcanoes of Tabar and Tatau, Papua New Guinea. US Geological Survey Bulletin, 2039, 119-126.
www.mining-technology.com (n.d.) http://www.mining-technology.com/projects/lihir/
MΓΌller, D., Kaminski, K., Uhlig, S., Graupner, T., Herzig, P.M., Hunt, S. (2002) The transition from porphyry-to epithermal-style gold mineralization at Ladolam, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea: a reconnaissance study. Mineralium Deposita 37(1),61-74.
[1]McKinnon, E. (2002) The environmental effects of mining waste disposal at Lihir Gold Mine, Papua New Guinea. Journal of Rural and Remote Environmental Health: 1(2), 40-50.
Gemmell, J,B., Sharpe, R., Jonasson, I,R., Herzig, P.M. (2004) Sulfur Isotope Evidence for Magmatic Contributions to Submarine and Subaerial Gold Mineralization: Conical Seamount and the Ladolam Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology 99(8), 1711-1725.
Simmons, S.F., Brown, K.L. (2006) Gold in Magmatic Hydrothermal Solutions and the Rapid Formation of a Giant Ore Deposit. Science, vol. 314, No. 5797, 288-291.
en.wikipedia.org (n.d.) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lihir_Island
fcms.its.utas.edu.au (n.d.) http://fcms.its.utas.edu.au/scieng/codes/project.asp?lProjectId=1539
agssymposium.org (n.d.) http://agssymposium.org/media/AbsPdfs/Abstract47.pdf
Ageneau, M. (2012) Geology of the Kapit Ore Zone and Comparative Geochemistry with Minifie and Lienetz Ore Zones, Ladolam Gold Deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. PhD thesis, School of Earth Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania.
(2012)
Blackwell, J.L., Cooke, D.R., McPhie, J., Simpson, K.A. (2014) Lithofacies associations and evolution of the volcanic host succession to the Minifie ore zone: Ladolam gold deposit, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 109(4), 1137-1160.
Sykora, Stephanie, Selley, David, Cooke, David R., Harris, Anthony C. (2018) The Structure and Significance of Anhydrite-Bearing Vein Arrays, Lienetz Orebody, Lihir Gold Deposit, Papua New Guinea. Economic Geology, 113 (1) 237-270 doi:10.5382/econgeo.2018.4550
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