La Fossa Crater, Vulcano Island, Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands), Lipari, Messina Province, Sicily, Italy

Magmatic-hydrothermal (high sulfidation) system. An important system of fumaroles in the crater of the extinct vulcan (the name of the vulcan is, of course, simply Vulcano). "La Fossa" is the name of the big crater and in Italian means "the trench/the pit".

References:
- Garavelli, A., Laviano, R., and Vurro, F. (1997) Sublimate deposition from hydrothermal fluids at the Fossa crater (Vulcano, Italy). European Journal of Mineralogy: 9: 423-432.
- Fulignati P., Gioncada A., Sbrana A., 1998. Geologic model of the magmatic-hydrotermal system of Vulcano (Aeolina Islands, Italy). Mineral. Petrol., 62: 195-222.
- Fulignati P., Sbrana A., 1998. Presence of native gold and tellurium in the active high-sulfidation system of the La Fossa volcano (Vulcano, Italy). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 86: 187-198.
- Vurro, F., Garavelli, A., Garbarino, C., Moëlo, Y., and Borodaev, Y.S. (1999) rare sulfosalts from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. II. Mozgovaite PbBi4(S,Se)7, a new mineral species. Canadian Mineralogist: 37: 1499-1506.
- Garavelli, A., Mozgova, N.N., Orlandi, P., Bonacorsi, E., Pinto, D., Moëlo, Y., and Borodaev, Y. (2005) Rare sulfosalts from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. VI. Vurroite, Pb20Sn2(Bi,As)22S54Cl6, a new mineral species. Canadian Mineralogist: 43: 703-711.
- Pinto, D., Balić-Žunić, T., Garavelli, A., Garbarino, C., Makovický, E., and Vurro, F. (2006) First occurrence of close-to-ideal kirkiite at Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy): chemical data and single crystal X-ray study. European Journal of Mineralogy: 18: 393-401.
- Roberts, A.C., Venance, K.E., Seward, T.M., Grice, J.D. & Paar, W.H. (2006): Lafossaite a new mineral from the La Fossa Crater Vulcano, Italy. Mineralogical Record 37 (2), 165- 168