Fillow Quarry (Branchville Quarry; Branchville Mica Mine; Smith Mine), Branchville, Redding (Reading), Fairfield County, Connecticut, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Fillow Quarry (Branchville Quarry; Branchville Mica Mine; Smith Mine) | Quarry |
| Branchville | Village |
| Redding (Reading) | - not defined - |
| Fairfield County | County |
| Connecticut | State |
| USA | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
41° 16' 4'' North , 73° 26' 21'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Georgetown | 1,805 (2017) | 1.4km |
| Ridgefield | 7,645 (2017) | 5.2km |
| Cannondale | 141 (2017) | 5.8km |
| Wilton | 18,062 (2017) | 8.0km |
| Bethel | 9,549 (2017) | 11.7km |
Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
| Club | Location | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Danbury Mineralogical Society | Danbury, Connecticut | 14km |
| Stamford Mineralogical Society | Stamford, Connecticut | 25km |
| New Haven Mineral Club | New Haven, Connecticut | 43km |
| Nassau Mineral Club | Glen Cove, New York | 48km |
Mindat Locality ID:
6816
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:6816:4
GUID (UUID V4):
c2c02aec-a396-4d0d-a0c1-969a66d3763d
A lithium-rich granite pegmatite most famous for its manganese phosphates (Brush and Dana (1878, 1879, 1890)) and alteration of spodumene (Brush and Dana (1880)), which occurs in scattered crystals in a matrix of cleavelandite. About 40 percent of the spodumene is unaltered; the remainder is altered in various degrees - by very fine-grained, parallel fibers of albite and eucryptite or by further alteration to βcymatoliteβ - fine-grained, parallel fibers of albite and muscovite. Extreme alteration resulted in replacement by yellow, fine-granular microcline or greasy, greenish "killinite" or "pinite". Individual crystals may show in cross-section a continuum of these states of alterations.
The manganese phosphates, of which lithiophilite is the most common, occur in rare, scattered concentrations within the cleavelandite-spodumene unit. There are two kinds of concentrations: (1) those in which lithiophilite and manganapatite are the sole manganese phosphates, and (2) those in which three or more phosphate minerals are present. Yellowish-brown lithiophilite occurs in isolated ellipsoidal nodules ranging from ΒΌ inch to more than 1 foot in length. The nodules are invariably coated with bluish-black manganese oxide.
The discoverer of the new minerals is controversial, but research by Januzzi (1997) indicates that original quarrier Abijah Fillow set some of the unusual minerals aside in 1876-7. In the late summer of 1877, James D. Dana took some of them back to Yale. The following year George J. Brush announced the discovery of a new mineral that the Reverend (and mineralogist) John Dickinson had found at the quarry in 1877. Following this, Brush and Edward S. Dana worked the quarry with Fillow for specimens of new minerals, and Dickinson donated additional specimens from his first visits in 1877. Clearly, both Dickinson and Fillow deserve credit and were given so with new mineral names.
According to Cameron et al (1954):
The property is owned by David Schornick of Branchville. The first excavation was made in 1876 by A. Fillow of Branchville, who quarried the pegmatite for mica, abandoning it before 1878. G. B. Brush and E. S. Dana, of Yale University, mined the pegmatite in 1878 and 1879 with funds furnished by Yale. The Union Porcelain Works of Greenpoint, N. Y., bought the property in 1880 and operated it for feldspar and quartz until at least 1890. The Bridgeport Wood Finishing Co. is reported to have operated it for quartz and feldspar prior to 1920. Fred and Joseph Burrough and Carlo Rusconi, all of North Branford, operated the mine for mica from September 1943 to November 1944. The Sandy Ridge Mica & Mining Co., 927 15th Street NW., Washington, D. C., worked the mine in November and December 1944.
Januzzi (1997) reports that when the Union Porcelain Works operated the quarry in 1880-90 it was known as the Smith Mine. During that time three to four thousand tons of feldspar and four thousand tons of quartz were shipped.
Elwell (1937) reported that in 1934:
a few blasts [were] put in for sample purposes. Operations lasted only three weeks; the men were not paid and then all activities ceased; the quarry is once more filled with water and abandoned.
The quarry and underground workings have been inactive since 1944 and most of it is flooded.
Cameron et al (1954) state that:
The main working (pl. 42) is an opencut 240 feet long, 50 to 85 feet wide and 60 feet in maximum depth. A crosscut 20 feet long has been driven into the north wall of the cut, and from this one drift extends 75 feet northwest and another 57 feet southeast. Both open cut and drifts are partly backfilled. About 2,300 tons of rock was moved between September 1943 and December 1944.
The pegmatite is composed chiefly of quartz and cleavelandite with subordinate muscovite. It has a striking internal structure. The following units are found successively inward from the wall: quartz-oligoclase zone, muscovite-quartz zone, cleavelandite-quartz unit, cleavelandite unit, cleavelandite-spodumene unit and quartz core.
The pegmatite is composed chiefly of quartz and cleavelandite with subordinate muscovite. It has a striking internal structure. The following units are found successively inward from the wall: quartz-oligoclase zone, muscovite-quartz zone, cleavelandite-quartz unit, cleavelandite unit, cleavelandite-spodumene unit and quartz core.
Another detailed description of the pegmatite's structure is given by Shainin (1946).
In the late 1970s, an attempt was made to open the site to educational mineral collecting (as opposed to a mine or quarry). The town government decided such an operation should be regulated like a school, placing so many obstacles on what should have been a very simple program that the attempt was abandoned.
Note that the quarry is located in the Town of Redding, but that the village of Branchville, situated immediately southwest of the quarry, is actually in the neighboring Town of Ridgefield. Because of the long history of the use of "Branchville" as a place name for this locality, it is included in the hierarchy.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
67 valid minerals. 9 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 8 erroneous literature entries.
Detailed Mineral List:
| βͺ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Habit: blocky, equant Colour: white to pale gray Fluorescence: lavender, magenta-pink Description: Besides a major constituent of the pegmatite, crystals in small pockets reach up to about 2 cm, often in dense clusters, also as overgrowth on microcline on cleavelandite and psuedomorphous after muscovite in the wall zone. |
| βͺ Albite var. Cleavelandite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Habit: tabular prisms Colour: white Fluorescence: reddish magenta to lavender Description: As irregular aggregates of small subhedral crystals, often in very aesthetic arrangements, and as veins 1/8 to ΒΌ inch wide and as much as 6 feet long. |
| β Albite var. Oligoclase Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] References: |
| β Alluaudite ? Formula: (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 Habit: pseudomorph after triphylite? Description: From Januzzi (1994): "Alluaudite, collected and recently identified by the author as occurring at Branchville (confirmation by Kampf, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History), is evidently a pseudomorph after euhedral crystals of triphylite." Needs confirmation.
|
| β Almandine Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 Habit: trapezohedral Colour: maroon Description: small crystals a few mm concentrated in layers in the metamorphic rock around the pegmatite. |
| β Formula: LiAl(PO4)F Description: Penfield's 1879 analysis of a Branchville specimen showed an OH:F ratio of 1.02, making this specimen montebrasite as now defined. Many references are not specific to species, back then all of the massive lithium phosphate of this series was generically called "amblygonite". It is now known that the amblygonite species is incredibly uncommon even in localities which have fluorite, massive fluorapatite, and topaz. Therefore, specimens from this locality are most likely montebrasite. |
| β Annite Formula: KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Habit: subhedral tabular Colour: black Fluorescence: none Description: fka biotite: found radiating from cyrtolite/quartz/muscovite aggregates |
| β 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) Habit: aggregates of elongated, crude prisms Colour: white Description: Reportedly the carbonate-rich variety. In small pockets in cleavelandite. References: |
| β Autunite Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O Description: "autunite" mentioned as an accessory by Cameron et al (1954), but probably dehydrated to meta-autunite |
| β Bertrandite Formula: Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 Habit: tabular to equant Colour: colorless Description: drusy micro crystals coating cavities, also probably pseudomorphous after beryl References: |
| β Beryl Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) Habit: tapered to columnar aggregates Colour: yellow-green, green, gray Description: columnar aggregates up to 2 feet long. |
| β Beryl var. Aquamarine Formula: Be3Al2Si6O18 |
| β Beryl var. Goshenite Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| β Beryl var. Heliodor Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| β Beryl var. Morganite Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) Colour: pink |
| β Bismuth Formula: Bi |
| β Bismutite Formula: (BiO)2CO3 Habit: earthy alteration of bismuthinite Colour: white, gray, yellow Description: in cleavelandite as an alteration of bismuthinite, associated with wulfenite, pyromorphite and cerussite References: |
| β Brazilianite ? Formula: NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 Habit: spheroidal aggregate with a radial, coarse fibrous structure Description: according to Januzzi (1976 & 1994): micro-crystal found in the outer altered portion of an amblygonite crystal |
| β Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Habit: anhedral grains Description: Veins in the border zone, rarely as micro crystals in small pockets. |
| β Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 Description: micros occur in cavities in cleavelandite associated with altered bismuthinite, pyromorphite and wulfenite References: |
| β Chabazite-Ca Formula: (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O Habit: Rhombohedra, also embedded grains in lithiophilite. Colour: brownish-orange to reddish brown Description: Extremely rare. Chemical analysis by Brush and Dana (1879b) show this material is chabazite-Ca of modern nomenclature. Their description is: "This species occurs of a dark yellowish to reddish brown color, in irregular masses disseminated though quartz, and sometimes imbedded directly in the green chloritic material, and also in the massive manganesian carbonate [rhodochrosite] occurring with the lithiophilite. A few small crystals 1/4 to 1/2 inch, were found in cavities." One specimen of these crystals remains in the Yale collection (025313). Massive material shows a resinous, translucent orange-colored cores with lighter colored aureoles. The article provides additional data regarding the mineral and a complete wet chemical analysis corresponding with the accepted limits of chabazite. References: |
| βͺ Columbite-(Fe) Formula: Fe2+Nb2O6 Habit: Masses and well developed tabular to prismatic crystals & parallel groups, Colour: black Description: Crystals and groups reached βremarkable sizeβ. Yale has crystals and groups to over 10 cm. 500 pounds were mined between 1880-90. |
| βͺ 'Cymatolite' Habit: pseudomorphs after spodumene Colour: white to pale gray Description: oriented intergrowth of very fine-grained, elongated albite and muscovite. Grains are oriented perpendicular to the spodumene c axis and give a columnar, silky appearance to the inside of a fractured specimen. Crystals pseudomorphs after spodumene at Yale to 32 x 70 cm. |
| βͺ Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) (TL) Formula: (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn2+13Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 Type Locality: Habit: foliated crystalline masses, almost micaceous, radiating or stellated curved laminae Colour: oil to olive green, dark to grass-green Description: Intimately associated with quartz, eosphorite, triploidite and rhodochrosite |
| β Elbaite Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) Habit: massive Colour: blue Description: A small ~1.5 cm nodule of massive blue elbaite, rimmed by muscovite, embedded in granular albite was found by Marcelle Weber in 1957. Labeled as "muscovite after triphylite". Despite the abundance of Li at this locality, this may be the only specimen of elbaite from here. References: |
| β Eosphorite (TL) Formula: Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O Type Locality: Habit: mostly massive, rare prismatic crystals Colour: pale pink, grayish-, bluish-, and yellowish-white, white Description: Intimately associated with quartz, dickinsonite, triploidite and rhodochrosite. Pink, translucent, prismatic crystals to around 1 cm long show rough striae parallel to the long axis, associated with micro encrusting quartz and apatite. References: |
| βͺ Eucryptite (TL) Formula: LiAlSiO4 Type Locality: Habit: pseudomorphous after spodumene Colour: white to slightly greenish-white or pale gray Fluorescence: red Description: oriented intergrowth with very fine-grained, elongated albite. Grains are oriented perpendicular to the spodumene c axis and give an indistinct fibrous to columnar structure, this being always at right angles to the adjoining surface of the original mineral. Fractured surface typically has a frosty appearance. |
| β Fairfieldite (TL) Formula: Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O Type Locality: Habit: foliated to lamellar masses, radiating masses consisting of curved foliated or fibrous aggregations Colour: white to pale straw-yellow Description: One variety cccurs filling cavities in the reddingite, and covering the distinct crystals of this mineral. It is uniformly clear and transparent, and is highly lustrous, showing entire absence of even incipient alteration. It is generally foliated to lamellar, although sometimes of a somewhat radiated structure.
A second variety occurs in masses of considerable size interpenetrated rather irregularly with quartz, and quite uniformly run through with thin seams and lines of a black manganesian mineral of not very clearly defined character. Typically friable to the touch and lacks something of the brilliant luster of the first variety, it also shows greater difference of structure, passing from the distinct crystals to the massive and radiated form. Also occurs in small particles in fillowite and in masses of some size immediately associated with eosphorite, triploidite, and dickinsonite.
References: |
| β Fillowite (TL) Formula: Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9 Type Locality: Habit: granular aggregates, rare micro rhombohedra in tiny pockets Colour: honey-yellow, wax-yellow, also yellowish to reddish-brown Description: Reddingite is very commonly associated with fillowite, and in many cases it is not easy to distinguish the two minerals. References: |
| β Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F Habit: hexagonal prisms Colour: colorless, white, pale to dark blue-green Fluorescence: yellow Description: Crystals frozen in matrix are generally subhedral and opaque, generally the paler colored crystals or portions fluoresce much better than the darker color. Micro crystals in pockets in albite can be clear, colorless and euhedral with bright yellow fluorescence that helps locate them. Also chabazite, quartz, and fluorapatite crystallized in cavities in rhodochrosite associated with clove-brown lithiophilite, quartz, fluorapatite, and dickinsonite. |
| β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite Formula: (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| β Fluorite Formula: CaF2 Description: An accessory in the wall zone. |
| β Fluorite var. Chlorophane Formula: CaF2 |
| β 'Garnet Group' Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3 Habit: trapezohedral pseudomorph Colour: rusty Description: micaceous, spongy, rusty pseudomorph after an unknown garnet species in the pegmatite References: |
| β Goethite Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) Habit: pseudomorphous after pyrite Colour: brown Description: forms pseudomorphs after micro pyrite crystals in cleavelandite References: |
| β Greenockite Formula: CdS Habit: coating Colour: yellow Description: Yellow coating on sphalerite. |
| β 'Gummite' ? Habit: encrustations Colour: yellow Description: Material labeled "gummite" in the Yale collection appears as yellow encrustations on cleavelandite and columbite. Portions fluoresce weakly or strongly in SW UV so appear more likely to be uranophane and meta-autunite. |
| β Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| β Formula: (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4 Description: The cited reference used by Seaman is false. Lithiophilite may be leached and oxidized to purpurite. The process does not materially alter the Mn:Fe ratio of the parent material (Paulus Brian Moore, personal communication). References: |
| β ' Formula: (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O Description: Despite this mineral's having been widely re-cited after Januzzi (1976) examination of Januzzi's only specimen shows that it merely consists of iron-stained angular albite crystals. The identification, based on the original specimen, was in error, although re-listed in Tschernich (1992).
This mineral is NOT mentioned in: Shainin, V., 1946, The Branchville Connecticut, Pegmatite, American Mineralogist, v. 31, p. 329-345. |
| β 'Hornblende Root Name Group' Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 Description: constituent mineral of the amphibolite bordering the pegmatite mentioned in Cameron et al (1954) |
| β Hureaulite Formula: Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O Habit: short prismatic to tabular, in parallel growth Colour: typically white to pink, pale violet to reddish brown and deep orange-red Description: Massive, sub-resinous, white to pale material in the Yale collection reminiscent of massive scapolite. Tiny crystals in small vugs. Formed from an alteration of lithiophilite, intimately associated with dickinsonite, eosphorite, fairfieldite, reddingite, fillowite, triploidite. Difficult to distinguish from reddingite. References: |
| β Hydroxylapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH) Habit: elongated hexagonal prisms with rounded edges and terminations Colour: pale yellow with frosty terminations Fluorescence: none Description: Frosty, translucent, pale yellow micro crystals encrusting pocket quartz, cleavelandite, and a much larger, glassy fluorapatite crystal. Originally labeled as calcite, but does not react to HCl, has hardness 5, no visible cleaveage, and does not fluoresce. References: |
| β Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 Habit: subhedral tabular Colour: steel gray Description: mentioned in Cameron et al (1954) as an accessory mineral of the surrounding amphibolite; crude crystals in quartz core of the pegmatite with annite near the contact with surrounding rock (Januzzi collection) |
| β Landesite ? Formula: Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O Habit: alteration Colour: dark brown Description: "Landesite may occur as a dark brown alteration product of reddingite at Branchville." |
| β Lazulite ? Formula: MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 Colour: blue Description: "(?) This occurrence, unlike the vivianite, was observed embedded in altered rim of amblygonite (montebrasite). Not enough material for positive ID." Januzzi (1994) |
| β 'Limonite' |
| βͺ Lithiophilite (TL) Formula: LiMn2+PO4 Type Locality: Habit: irregular blocky to rounded masses Colour: bright salmon, honey-yellow, yellowish-brown to umber-brown Description: The anhedral to subhedral masses are typically 1 to 3 inches in diameter and coated with a black alteration. Alteration sometimes has penetrated deep into the mass so that original color is only in the core. Secondary Mn phosphates are associated. Original type material analyzed in Brush and Dana (1878) had Mn/Mn + Fe ratio of about 0.9. Landes (1925) analyzed lithiophilite from this locality and found the Mn/Mn + Fe ratio was 0.72 |
| β Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite Formula: Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4 Habit: crusts Colour: brown, yellow-brown, reddish-brown Description: An alteration product forming brown rinds around nodules of lithiophilite. References: |
| β Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Description: as an accessory in a small granite dike cross-cut by the pegmatite |
| β 'Manganese Oxides' Habit: dendritic Colour: black Description: In fractures and coating various minerals. References: |
| β 'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites' Habit: dendritic Colour: black Description: In fractures and coating various minerals. References: |
| β Marcasite Formula: FeS2 |
| β Meta-autunite Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O Habit: flakes and coatings Colour: pale yellow Fluorescence: green Description: "autunite" mentioned as an accessory by Cameron et al (1954), but probably dehydrated to meta-autunite. Material labeled "gummite" in the Yale collection appears identical to other specimens labeled "autunite". |
| β Metaswitzerite Formula: Mn2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2O Description: Januzzi reported it as switzerite, which dehydrates to metaswitzerite according to Zanazzi (1986). Januzzi reference provides no details. Caption for http://www.mindat.org/photo-199679.html indicates confirmation by unknown methods. References: |
| β Metatorbernite Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O Habit: flakes to tabular, square prisms Colour: green Description: "torbernite" mentioned as an accessory by Cameron et al (1954), but probably dehydrated to metatorbernite |
| β Microcline Formula: K(AlSi3O8) Habit: prismatic, anhedral, rarely pseudomorphous after spodumene Colour: grayish white to light buff-brown, yellow Fluorescence: red, pale blue Description: Perthitic crystals 1 to 5 feet long, some partly replaced and veined with albite and other minerals. Pocket crystals uncommon but typically etched and partly replaced/overgrown by albite. Rarely as a yellow, granular pseudomorph after spodumene |
| β 'Microlite Group' Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n Habit: octahedral Colour: dark brown Description: "small, dark brown, octahedral crystals in albite (cleavelandite)" |
| β Mitridatite Formula: Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O Habit: coatings Colour: greenish yellow Description: Greenish yellow coatings on the phosphate minerals in the Yale collection, some are labeled as mitridatite. |
| β Montebrasite Formula: LiAl(PO4)(OH) Habit: massive and columnar or blocky subhedral Colour: white Description: Penfield's 1879 analysis of a Branchville specimen showed an OH:F ratio of 1.02, making this specimen montebrasite as now defined. Many references are not specific to species, back then all of the massive lithium phosphate of this series was generically called "amblygonite". It is now known that the amblygonite species is incredibly uncommon even in localities which have fluorite, massive fluorapatite, and topaz. Therefore, specimens from this locality are most likely montebrasite. |
| β Montmorillonite Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| βͺ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Habit: pseudohexagonal tabular prisms, curved subparallel aggregates (ballpeen habit) Colour: silver, gray Description: The "ball peen" habit of radiating, curved crystals is particularly well developed.
Tabular crystals range from 1 to 24 inches in diameter and 1/8 to 12 inches in thickness. Most of the books are about 5 inches in diameter and 1 inch thick.
About 15 percent of the muscovite visible in the wall zone is pseudomoorphed by what appears to be albite and quartz. Perfect pseudomorphs after muscovite have been formed. The replacement was limited to certain parts of the zone; these are irregular in outline and appear distributed without relation to the original structural or mineralogical features of the zone. Within these parts practically all the muscovite adjacent to the wall rock contact, including that in the border zone, has been replaced, but mica in the inner one-third or one-fourth of the wall zone is mostly unaffected. Large books that extend across the full thickness of the zone grade from unaltered muscovite in the inner part to pseudomorphs in the outer part.
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| β Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Description: Brush and Dana (1878) (first paper) state that they found "a hydro-mica near damourite having a peculiar concentric spherical structure" [emphasis added]. They did not actually identify damourite. References: |
| β Natrophilite (TL) Formula: NaMn2+PO4 Type Locality: Habit: massive, local alterations within lithiophilite Colour: deep, wine-yellow Description: Small regions within lithiophilite nodules. Description of type material from Brush and Dana (1890): "The luster is brilliant resinous to nearly adamantine; it was, in fact, the brilliancy of the luster which first attracted our attention, and which is, so far as the eye is concerned, its most distinguishing character. The mineral itself is perfectly clear and transparent, but the masses are much fractured and rifted. The surfaces are often covered by a very thin scale of an undetermined mineral, having a fine fibrous form, a delicate yellowish color and silky luster. This same mineral penetrates the masses wherever there is a fracture surface of cleavage or otherwise. What the exact nature of this mineral is we are unable to say, since the amount is too small to admit of a satisfactory determination - it appears to be a manganesian phosphate. It is evidently an alteration-product and would seem to imply that natrophilite is rather subject to easy chemical change. In any case this silky film is one of the characteristic features of the mineral, and directs attention to it at once even over the surface of a hand specimen where it is associated with lithiophilite and perhaps three or four other of these phosphates." References: |
| β Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O Description: "Excellent specimens have been found" Januzzi (1994) References: |
| β Opal var. Opal-AN Formula: SiO2 · nH2O Description: "Excellent specimens have been found" Januzzi (1994) References: |
| β Phosphuranylite Formula: KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O References: |
| β Purpurite Formula: Mn3+(PO4) Habit: encrustations, coatings Colour: purple Description: "Supergene alteration resulted in the formation of manganese oxide and purpurite from lithiophilite" Shainin (1946). Yale collection has a few specimens that show purple coating on black exterior of altered lithiophilite nodules. References: |
| β Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Description: an accessory in the wall zone |
| β Formula: Mn4+O2 Description: No manganese dendrite or staining in a granite pegmatite in the world has been verified as pyrolusite. The name was a mistake in the nineteenth century which has been widely publicized. |
| β Pyromorphite ? Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl Description: Januzzi reports micros occur in cavities in cleavelandite associated with bismutite, wulfenite and cerussite. An inspection of his surviving material so far has not revealed this mineral, but there are yellow coatings associated with the above minerals that are more likely a secondary bismuth mineral. |
| β Quartz Formula: SiO2 Habit: massive Colour: clear to smoky Description: thousands of tons of massive material mined, but crystals limited to micros in small pockets with albite. Also chabazite, quartz, and apatite crystallized in cavities in rhodochrosite associated with clove-brown lithiophilite, quartz, apatite, and dickinsonite. |
| β Quartz var. Rose Quartz Formula: SiO2 Habit: massive Colour: pink References: |
| β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| β Reddingite (TL) Formula: (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O Type Locality: Habit: bipyramidal, pseudo-octahedral - in tiny pockets in massive material Colour: pale rose-pink to yellowish-white, sometimes brown Description: From the type material description in Brush and Dana (1878): "Reddingite occurs sparingly in minute octahedral crystals; belonging to the orthorhombic system. It is also found more generally massive with granular structure; it is associated with dickinsonite, and sometimes with triploidite. As compared with the other species which have been described it is a decidedly rare mineral. The massive mineral shows a distinct cleavage in one plane...crystals are occasionally coated dark from surface alteration" Difficult to distinguish from pink hureaulite or yellowish fillowite. References: |
| β Rhodochrosite Formula: MnCO3 Habit: cleavable masses Colour: white to pink Description: Associated with eosphorite, dickinsonite, triploidite, quartz, also included in lithiophilite. Also chabazite, quartz, and fluorapatite crystallized in cavities in rhodochrosite associated with clove-brown lithiophilite, quartz, apatite, and dickinsonite. Typically with black alteration crust. References: |
| β Samarskite-(Y) Formula: YFe3+Nb2O8 Habit: massive Colour: black References: |
| β Schorl Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| β Spessartine Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 Habit: trapezohedral Colour: orange-brown Description: Many references include "garnet" but none give a specific species except Januzzi who provides no analyses. However, spessartine is very likely given the abundance of Mn minerals in this pegmatite and the orange-brown color typical of near end-member crystals analyzed at other Connecticut pegmatites. References: |
| β Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Habit: massive Colour: maroon to black Description: Massive, resinous micro material in cleavelandite. |
| βͺ Spodumene Formula: LiAlSi2O6 Habit: subhedral prisms, flattened parallel to a {100}, with dome terminations Colour: white to peach Description: rarely as gemmy kunzite, usually white. The prisms average 1 foot long, 6 inches wide and 3/4 inch thick but can reach up to 3 or 4 feet long and 8 to 9 inches thick. Much of it is altered to an albite/eucryptite parallel intergrowth mixture, to "cymatolite" (a parallel intergrowth mixture or albite and muscovite), to granular microcline, or to massive albite and muscovite - or a progressive combination of these replacements. |
| β Spodumene var. Kunzite Formula: LiAlSi2O6 Habit: generally broad or flat, and comparatively thin; well terminated by dome Colour: rose-pink or amethystine-purple Description: Usually in the unaltered core of externally altered cyrstals and only very rarely transparent. |
| β Staurolite ? Formula: Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH) Description: mentioned as an accessory by Brush and Dana (1878) References: |
| β 'Stilbite Subgroup' Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O Habit: radiating sheaves Description: occurring on the surfaces of seams in cleavelandite References: |
| β Formula: Mn2+3(PO4)2 · 7H2O |
| β Tantalite-(Mn) Formula: Mn2+Ta2O6 Habit: subhedral prismatic micro crystals Colour: maroon Description: Comstock (1880) analyzed scant material found by Brush and Dana with a gravity of 6.5, almost no Fe, and niobium to tantalum atomic ratio of 1:1.04 making it just barely tantalite-(Mn). Maroon, translucent micro crystals in cleavelandite. |
| β Titanite Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O Description: an accessory in the surrounding amphibolite |
| β Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 Habit: short prismatic Colour: colorless Fluorescence: bright yellow-white under SW and MW UV Description: In Januzzi (1994) he mentions topaz "reported as a single occurrence; additional information is needed concerning the authenticity of the find". In a specimen formerly in his collection are a few glassy, colorless, complexly terminated microcrystals identified as topaz, found in voids a very fine-grained cleavelandite matrix partly filled with calcite. But when examined under SW UV light, they fluoresce the typical bright yellow-white of fluorapatite. They also do not show the perfect basal cleavage of topaz. |
| β Torbernite Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O Description: "torbernite" mentioned as an accessory by Cameron et al (1954), but probably dehydrated to metatorbernite |
| β 'Tourmaline' Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z Colour: green Description: "green tourmaline" mentioned by Cameron et al (1954) in the border zone of the pegmatite. |
| β 'Tourmaline var. Verdelite' Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z Colour: green Description: "green tourmaline" mentioned by Cameron et al (1954) in the border zone of the pegmatite. |
| β Triphylite Formula: LiFe2+PO4 Habit: blocky Colour: blue-gray Description: At least one 12 x 15 mm crystals, collected by Ronald Januzzi and certainly visually appears to be a triphylite, though rather mottled within, and he considered it pseudomorphed by alluaudite. In Januzzi (1994) he writes: "Alluaudite, collected and recently identified by the author as occurring at Branchville (confirmation by Kampf, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History), is evidently a pseudomorph after euhedral crystals of triphylite." Needs confirmation. |
| β Formula: Mn2+2(PO4)F Description: Brush and Dana (1878) established the presence of triploidite and compared it to triplite but noted the absence of fluorine. In 4 detailed papers on the various Mn phosphates they do not mention that triplite actually occurs there. |
| βͺ Triploidite (TL) Formula: Mn2+2(PO4)(OH) Type Locality: Habit: divergent to parallel-fibrous to columnar crystalline aggregates, compact, massive. rarely prismatic Colour: yellowish to reddish-brown, topaz- to wine-yellow, hyacinth-red Description: mostly columnar, fibrous, radiating, rare isolated but typically vitreous and transparent crystals to a length of an inch or more. Associated with quartz and the other Mn phosphates and rhododchrosite. References: |
| β Uraninite Formula: UO2 Habit: octahedral Colour: black Description: uraninite "in brilliant black octahedrons" associated with lithiophilite, fluorapatite, garnet, uranium phosphates, and cyrtolite. Crystals used in several early radiometric daughter product and age dating studies. |
| β Uranophane Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O Habit: encrustations Colour: pale yellow Description: mentioned by Brush and Dana (1879) as "a silicate containing uranium". Specimens labeled "gummite" and "autunite" in the Yale collections are similar appearing coatings on cleavelandite and columbite. Portions fluoresce strongly and weakly under SW UV and so are more likely meta-autunite and uranophane, respectively. |
| β Vivianite Formula: Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O Habit: coatings, micro prismatic crystals Colour: blue, greenish-blue Description: In thin layers as an alteration of lithiophilite and reddingite and as micro crystals, minute amounts. Some seen on altered lithiophilite nodules in the Yale collection. References: |
| β Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) Habit: pyramidal Colour: orange-yellow Description: micro-wulfenite occurs in cavities in cleavelandite associated with bismutite, pyromorphite and cerussite References: |
| β Xanthoxenite ? Formula: Ca4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O Description: may occur associated with lithiophilite |
| β Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) |
| β Zircon var. Cyrtolite Formula: Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4] Habit: aggregates Colour: dark brown to black Description: pure aggregates surrounded by smoky, fractured quartz; or aggregates with quartz and muscovite in the cores of radiating cleavelandite |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| β | Bismuth | 1.CA.05 | Bi |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| β | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| β | Greenockite | 2.CB.45 | CdS |
| β | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| β | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| β | Fluorite var. Chlorophane | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| β | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 | |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| β | Goethite | 4.00. | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| β | 'Microlite Group' | 4.00. | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n |
| β | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| β | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| β | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| β | Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| β | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| β | var. Rose Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| β | Opal var. Opal-AN | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 Β· nH2O |
| β | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 Β· nH2O | |
| β | Pyrolusite ? | 4.DB.05 | Mn4+O2 |
| β | Samarskite-(Y) | 4.DB.25 | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
| β | Tantalite-(Mn) | 4.DB.35 | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| β | Columbite-(Fe) | 4.DB.35 | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
| β | Uraninite | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| β | Rhodochrosite | 5.AB.05 | MnCO3 |
| β | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| β | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| β | Bismutite | 5.BE.25 | (BiO)2CO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| β | Wulfenite | 7.GA.05 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| β | Natrophilite (TL) | 8.AB.10 | NaMn2+PO4 |
| β | Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite | 8.AB.10 | Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4 |
| β | (TL) | 8.AB.10 | LiMn2+PO4 |
| β | Purpurite | 8.AB.10 | Mn3+(PO4) |
| β | Heterosite ? | 8.AB.10 | (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4 |
| β | Triphylite | 8.AB.10 | LiFe2+PO4 |
| β | Alluaudite ? | 8.AC.10 | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| β | Fillowite (TL) | 8.AC.50 | Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9 |
| β | Amblygonite ? | 8.BB.05 | LiAl(PO4)F |
| β | Montebrasite | 8.BB.05 | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| β | Triplite ? | 8.BB.10 | Mn2+2(PO4)F |
| β | Triploidite (TL) | 8.BB.15 | Mn2+2(PO4)(OH) |
| β | Lazulite ? | 8.BB.40 | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| β | Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) (TL) | 8.BF.05 | (KNa)(Mn2+β»)Ca(Na2Na)Mn2+13Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| β | Brazilianite ? | 8.BK.05 | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| β | Pyromorphite ? | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| β | Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| β | Hydroxylapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| β | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| β | Hureaulite | 8.CB.10 | Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Reddingite (TL) | 8.CC.05 | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 Β· 3H2O |
| β | Landesite ? | 8.CC.05 | Mn2+3-xFe3+x(PO4)2(OH)x Β· (3-x)H2O |
| β | Metaswitzerite | 8.CE.25 | Mn2+3(PO4)2 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Switzerite ? | 8.CE.25 | Mn2+3(PO4)2 Β· 7H2O |
| β | Vivianite | 8.CE.40 | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 Β· 8H2O |
| β | Fairfieldite (TL) | 8.CG.05 | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Eosphorite (TL) | 8.DD.20 | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 Β· H2O |
| β | Mitridatite | 8.DH.30 | Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 Β· 3H2O |
| β | Xanthoxenite ? | 8.DH.40 | Ca4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 Β· 3H2O |
| β | Torbernite | 8.EB.05 | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 12H2O |
| β | Autunite | 8.EB.05 | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 10-12H2O |
| β | Meta-autunite | 8.EB.10 | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 6H2O |
| β | Metatorbernite | 8.EB.10 | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 8H2O |
| β | Phosphuranylite | 8.EC.10 | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 Β· 8H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| β | Eucryptite (TL) | 9.AA.05 | LiAlSiO4 |
| β | Spessartine | 9.AD.25 | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| β | Almandine | 9.AD.25 | Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| β | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| β | var. Cyrtolite | 9.AD.30 | Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4] |
| β | Staurolite ? | 9.AF.30 | Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| β | Topaz ? | 9.AF.35 | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| β | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| β | Uranophane | 9.AK.15 | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 Β· 5H2O |
| β | Bertrandite | 9.BD.05 | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
| β | Beryl var. Aquamarine | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
| β | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) | |
| β | var. Morganite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| β | var. Heliodor | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| β | var. Goshenite | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| β | Elbaite | 9.CK.05 | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| β | Schorl | 9.CK.05 | NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| β | Spodumene | 9.DA.30 | LiAlSi2O6 |
| β | var. Kunzite | 9.DA.30 | LiAlSi2O6 |
| β | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β | var. Damourite ? | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β | Annite | 9.EC.20 | KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β | Montmorillonite | 9.EC.40 | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 Β· nH2O |
| β | Microcline | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| β | Albite var. Cleavelandite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| β | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) | |
| β | var. Oligoclase | 9.FA.35 | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| β | Chabazite-Ca | 9.GD.10 | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 Β· 12H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| β | 'Tourmaline var. Verdelite' | - | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| β | '' | - | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| β | 'Cymatolite' | - | |
| β | 'Stilbite Subgroup' | - | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] Β· nH2O |
| β | 'Limonite' | - | |
| β | 'Heulandite Subgroup' ? | - | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] Β· nH2O |
| β | 'Gummite' ? | - | |
| β | 'Hornblende Root Name Group' | - | β»Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| β | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| β | 'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites' | - | |
| β | '' | - | |
| β | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| H | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
| H | β Brazilianite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| H | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | β Eosphorite | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | β Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| H | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| H | β Hureaulite | Mn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | β Opal var. Opal-AN | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | β Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| H | β Landesite | Mn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O |
| H | β Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| H | β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| H | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| H | β Metaswitzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| H | β Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | β Mitridatite | Ca2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| H | β Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| H | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| H | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | β Phosphuranylite | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O |
| H | β Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| H | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | β Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| H | β Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| H | β Switzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 7H2O |
| H | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| H | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| H | β Triploidite | Mn22+(PO4)(OH) |
| H | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
| H | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | β Xanthoxenite | Ca4Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| H | β Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| H | β Zircon var. Cyrtolite | Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4] |
| H | β Muscovite var. Damourite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| H | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Li | Lithium | |
| Li | β Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| Li | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Li | β Eucryptite | LiAlSiO4 |
| Li | β Spodumene var. Kunzite | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Li | β Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| Li | β Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| Li | β Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| Li | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Li | β Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
| Be | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
| Be | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | β Beryl var. Heliodor | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Be | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| B | Boron | |
| B | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | β Tourmaline | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| B | β Tourmaline var. Verdelite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | β Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| C | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | β Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | β Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| O | β Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| O | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
| O | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| O | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
| O | β Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| O | β Brazilianite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| O | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | β Eosphorite | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | β Eucryptite | LiAlSiO4 |
| O | β Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| O | β Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
| O | β Fillowite | Na3CaMn112+(PO4)9 |
| O | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | β Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | β Heterosite | (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4 |
| O | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| O | β Hureaulite | Mn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | β Opal var. Opal-AN | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | β Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| O | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | β Spodumene var. Kunzite | LiAlSi2O6 |
| O | β Landesite | Mn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O |
| O | β Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| O | β Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| O | β Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| O | β Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| O | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| O | β Metaswitzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| O | β Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | β Mitridatite | Ca2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| O | β Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| O | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| O | β Natrophilite | NaMn2+PO4 |
| O | β Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| O | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | β Phosphuranylite | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O |
| O | β Purpurite | Mn3+(PO4) |
| O | β Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| O | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| O | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| O | β Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| O | β Quartz var. Rose Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
| O | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | β Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| O | β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| O | β Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| O | β Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| O | β Switzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 7H2O |
| O | β Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| O | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| O | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| O | β Tourmaline | AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | β Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| O | β Triplite | Mn22+(PO4)F |
| O | β Triploidite | Mn22+(PO4)(OH) |
| O | β Uraninite | UO2 |
| O | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
| O | β Tourmaline var. Verdelite | A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | β Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| O | β Xanthoxenite | Ca4Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| O | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | β Beryl var. Heliodor | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | β Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| O | β Zircon var. Cyrtolite | Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4] |
| O | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | β Muscovite var. Damourite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| O | β Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| O | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | β Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| F | β Fluorite var. Chlorophane | CaF2 |
| F | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| F | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| F | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| F | β Triplite | Mn22+(PO4)F |
| F | β Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| F | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | β Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| Na | β Brazilianite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| Na | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| Na | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | β Fillowite | Na3CaMn112+(PO4)9 |
| Na | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Na | β Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Na | β Natrophilite | NaMn2+PO4 |
| Na | β Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Na | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Na | β Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| Na | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | β Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| Mg | β Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| Mg | β Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | β Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| Al | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
| Al | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | β Brazilianite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| Al | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | β Eosphorite | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Al | β Eucryptite | LiAlSiO4 |
| Al | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Al | β Spodumene var. Kunzite | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Al | β Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| Al | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | β Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| Al | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | β Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Al | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | β Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Al | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Al | β Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| Al | β Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| Al | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| Al | β Beryl var. Heliodor | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | β Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| Al | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | β Muscovite var. Damourite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | β Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Beryl var. Aquamarine | Be3Al2Si6O18 |
| Si | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | β Bertrandite | Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | β Elbaite | Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | β Eucryptite | LiAlSiO4 |
| Si | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Si | β Opal var. Opal-AN | SiO2 · nH2O |
| Si | β Spodumene var. Kunzite | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Si | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | β Beryl var. Morganite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Si | β Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Si | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| Si | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Quartz var. Rose Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | β Spodumene | LiAlSi2O6 |
| Si | β Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| Si | β Stilbite Subgroup | M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O |
| Si | β Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Si | β Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 |
| Si | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
| Si | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | β Beryl var. Heliodor | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | β Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| Si | β Zircon var. Cyrtolite | Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4] |
| Si | β Beryl var. Goshenite | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | β Albite var. Cleavelandite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | β Muscovite var. Damourite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Si | β Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | β Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| P | β Amblygonite | LiAl(PO4)F |
| P | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| P | β Brazilianite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| P | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| P | β Eosphorite | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| P | β Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| P | β Fillowite | Na3CaMn112+(PO4)9 |
| P | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | β Heterosite | (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4 |
| P | β Hureaulite | Mn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| P | β Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| P | β Landesite | Mn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O |
| P | β Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| P | β Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| P | β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| P | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| P | β Metaswitzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| P | β Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| P | β Mitridatite | Ca2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| P | β Montebrasite | LiAl(PO4)(OH) |
| P | β Natrophilite | NaMn2+PO4 |
| P | β Phosphuranylite | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O |
| P | β Purpurite | Mn3+(PO4) |
| P | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| P | β Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| P | β Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| P | β Switzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 7H2O |
| P | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| P | β Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| P | β Triplite | Mn22+(PO4)F |
| P | β Triploidite | Mn22+(PO4)(OH) |
| P | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| P | β Xanthoxenite | Ca4Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| P | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | β Greenockite | CdS |
| S | β Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| Cl | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Cl | β Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Cl | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| K | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| K | β Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | β Phosphuranylite | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O |
| K | β Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| K | β Muscovite var. Damourite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | β Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| Ca | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| Ca | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | β Fluorite var. Chlorophane | CaF2 |
| Ca | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| Ca | β Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Ca | β Fillowite | Na3CaMn112+(PO4)9 |
| Ca | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Ca | β Hydroxylapatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH) |
| Ca | β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| Ca | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| Ca | β Mitridatite | Ca2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| Ca | β Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Ca | β Albite var. Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8] |
| Ca | β Phosphuranylite | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O |
| Ca | β Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Ca | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
| Ca | β Xanthoxenite | Ca4Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| Ca | β Chabazite-Ca | (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
| Ca | β Hornblende Root Name Group | ◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2 |
| Ca | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | β Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | β Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| Mn | β Dickinsonite-(KMnNa) | (KNa)(Mn2+◻)Ca(Na2Na)Mn132+Al(PO4)11(PO4)(OH)2 |
| Mn | β Eosphorite | Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| Mn | β Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| Mn | β Fillowite | Na3CaMn112+(PO4)9 |
| Mn | β Heterosite | (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4 |
| Mn | β Hureaulite | Mn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Mn | β Landesite | Mn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O |
| Mn | β Lithiophilite | LiMn2+PO4 |
| Mn | β Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| Mn | β Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite | (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH) |
| Mn | β Metaswitzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| Mn | β Natrophilite | NaMn2+PO4 |
| Mn | β Purpurite | Mn3+(PO4) |
| Mn | β Pyrolusite | Mn4+O2 |
| Mn | β Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| Mn | β Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| Mn | β Lithiophilite var. Sicklerite | Li1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4 |
| Mn | β Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Mn | β Switzerite | Mn32+(PO4)2 · 7H2O |
| Mn | β Triplite | Mn22+(PO4)F |
| Mn | β Triploidite | Mn22+(PO4)(OH) |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | β Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| Fe | β Annite | KFe32+(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Fe | β Almandine | Fe32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | β Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
| Fe | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | β Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | β Heterosite | (Fe3+,Mn3+)PO4 |
| Fe | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | β Landesite | Mn2+3-xFex3+(PO4)2(OH)x · (3-x)H2O |
| Fe | β Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | β Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | β Mitridatite | Ca2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O |
| Fe | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | β Reddingite | (Mn2+,Fe2+)3(PO4)2 · 3H2O |
| Fe | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
| Fe | β Schorl | NaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Fe | β Staurolite | Fe22+Al9Si4O23(OH) |
| Fe | β Triphylite | LiFe2+PO4 |
| Fe | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Fe | β Xanthoxenite | Ca4Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2O |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | β Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Cu | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Zr | β Zircon var. Cyrtolite | Zr[(SiO4),(OH)4] |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | β Columbite-(Fe) | Fe2+Nb2O6 |
| Nb | β Samarskite-(Y) | YFe3+Nb2O8 |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | β Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Cd | Cadmium | |
| Cd | β Greenockite | CdS |
| Ta | Tantalum | |
| Ta | β Tantalite-(Mn) | Mn2+Ta2O6 |
| Ta | β Microlite Group | A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | β Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
| Pb | β Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | β Bismuth | Bi |
| Bi | β Bismutite | (BiO)2CO3 |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | β Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O |
| U | β Meta-autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O |
| U | β Metatorbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| U | β Phosphuranylite | KCa(H3O)3(UO2)7(PO4)4O4 · 8H2O |
| U | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| U | β Uraninite | UO2 |
| U | β Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
North America PlateTectonic Plate
- Piedmontia DomainDomain
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References
Cameron, Eugene N., , (1954) Pegmatite investigations, 1942-45, in New England. Professional Paper 255. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/pp255
Zanazzi, P. F., Leavens, P. B., White, J. S. (1986) Crystal structure of switzerite, Mn3(PO4)2Β·7H2O, and its relationship to metaswitzerite, Mn3(PO4)2Β·4H2O. American Mineralogist, 71 (9-10) 1224-1228
Fillow Quarry, Branchville, Redding, Fairfield County, Connecticut, USA