Palabora Mine, Phalaborwa, Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Mopani District Municipality, Limpopo, South Africai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Palabora Mine | Open-Cast Mine |
| Phalaborwa | Town |
| Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality | Municipality |
| Mopani District Municipality | Municipality |
| Limpopo | Province |
| South Africa | Country |
This page kindly sponsored by Malcolm Southwood
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
23° 59' 31'' South , 31° 7' 41'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Phalaborwa | 109,468 (2012) | 5.6km |
Mindat Locality ID:
3091
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:3091:8
GUID (UUID V4):
302b62a5-0533-4fe2-b15c-af22144f53a8
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Foscor open pit; PMC mine
A copper-(U-)(Zr-)-apatite-vermiculite mine located near Phalaborwa in Limpopo Province (previously NE Transvaal). Apatite production occurred 1932-1934. Vermiculite production began in 1946. Copper mining commenced in 1965 and was fully operational by 1967.
The town name is Phalaborwa, the geological formation is the Phalaborwa Complex and the mine Palabora mine.
Ore is in the Phalaborwa carbonatite complex. The largest open-pit mine in South Africa. Owned by Palabora Mining Company, Ltd.; RTZ (Manager).
The Phalaborwa Complex covers an area of 1950 hectares and consists mainly of a phlogopite- and apatite-rich pyroxenite. This pyroxenite is intruded successively by a series of more differentiated rocks - foskorite (phoscorite), and olivine-magnetite-apatite-phlogopite rock and finally a central intrusion of sΓΆvite (transgressive carbonatite). The sΓΆvite intrusion shows an intimate relationship with foskorite. The sΓΆvite (50 hectares at the surface) is composed of calcite and magnetite with minor amounts of dolomite, apatite, chalcopyrite, bornite and various silicates. Furthermore, uraninite-thorianite and baddeleyite are important accessory minerals. The sΓΆvite is being mined by large-scale opencast methods mainly for copper with uranium, zirconium, and minute amounts of platinum as by-products. The foskorite is mined for the extraction of phosphate. The resources of apatite from the foskorite and the pyroxenite are enormous.
In 1990 underground mining was commenced in the northeast corner of the pit from Bench 31 with the aim of developing a block caving method of mining.
In the early 2000s underground mining was conducted in the northwestern side of the pit involving block caving. The northwest wall collapsed in 2004.
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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities102 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
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Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| β Aegirine Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| β Analcime Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| β Ancylite-(Ce) Formula: CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O |
| β Ankerite Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| β Antigorite Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| β Anzaite-(Ce) Formula: Ce3+ 4Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
| β 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| β Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 |
| β Argentopentlandite Formula: Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8 Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate |
| β Arsenopalladinite Formula: Pd8(As,Sb)3 Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Atokite Formula: (Pd,Pt)3Sn Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 References: |
| βͺ Baddeleyite Formula: ZrO2 Description: Baddeleyite up to 15cm long where found here in the early 1980s. Small crystals to 1cm are quite common. References: |
| β Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| β Barytocalcite Formula: BaCa(CO3)2 |
| β BastnΓ€site-(Ce) Formula: Ce(CO3)F |
| β 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| β Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 References: |
| β Brucite Formula: Mg(OH)2 Localities: Description: Found as blue masses and plates weighing several kilo's, rarely transparent. Also as small euhedral crystals. |
| β Burbankite Formula: (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| β Cabriite Formula: Pd2CuSn Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Localities: |
| β Carbocernaite Formula: (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| β Celestine Formula: SrSO4 References: |
| β 'Chabazite' |
| β Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S References: |
| β Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 References: |
| βͺ Chondrodite Formula: Mg5(SiO4)2F2 Description: Chondrodite is found as coarse brown masses or as brilliant red to reddish-orange transparent crystals of exceptional quality up to 1 cm in size.
|
| β Clinochlore Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| β Cordylite-(Ce) Formula: NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| β Covellite Formula: CuS |
| β Cubanite Formula: CuFe2S3 References: |
| β Cuprite Formula: Cu2O |
| β Datolite Formula: CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| β Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 Colour: Pale lime-green Description: Occurs as large cleavages and crystal remnants. |
| β Dolomite Formula: CaMg(CO3)2 Localities: |
| β Fairchildite Formula: K2Ca(CO3)2 |
| β 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' |
| β 'Fergusonite-(Nd)' Formula: NdNbO4 |
| β Fluoborite Formula: Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 Colour: White Description: Found in foskorite rocks of the Phalaborwa complex as white mats grown in parallel alignment, associated with Iowaite and Magnetite. References: |
| β Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F |
| β Fluorapophyllite-(K) Formula: KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| β Fluorbritholite-(Ce) Formula: (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| β Fluorite Formula: CaF2 |
| β Froodite Formula: α-PdBi2 Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Galena Formula: PbS |
| β Geikielite Formula: MgTiO3 Localities: |
| β Gold Formula: Au |
| β Gold var. Electrum Formula: (Au,Ag) Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| β Halite Formula: NaCl |
| β Hessite Formula: Ag2Te Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate |
| β 'Heulandite Subgroup' Formula: (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| β Hydrobiotite Formula: K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| β Hydromagnesite Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| β Hydrotalcite Formula: Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| β Ilmenite Formula: Fe2+TiO3 Localities: |
| β Ilmenite var. Picroilmenite Formula: (Fe2+,Mg)TiO3 |
| βͺ Iowaite Formula: Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O References: |
| β Jalpaite Formula: Ag3CuS2 Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate |
| β 'K Feldspar' |
| β Kyanite Formula: Al2(SiO4)O References: |
| β Laumontite Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| β Linnaeite Formula: Co2+Co3+2S4 |
| β Lizardite Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 References: |
| β Mackinawite Formula: FeS |
| β Magnesite Formula: MgCO3 |
| β Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Localities: References: |
| β Majakite Formula: PdNiAs Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| β Marcasite Formula: FeS2 |
| β Mertieite Formula: Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Mesolite Formula: Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O |
| β Millerite Formula: NiS |
| β 'Monazite' Formula: REE(PO4) |
| β Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 References: |
| β Muscovite var. Fuchsite Formula: K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 References: |
| β Natrolite Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| β Naumannite Formula: Ag2Se |
| β Parisite-(Ce) Formula: CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| β Pectolite Formula: NaCa2Si3O8(OH) References: |
| β Pentlandite Formula: (NixFey)Ξ£9S8 References: |
| β Phlogopite Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Localities: References: |
| β Portlandite Formula: Ca(OH)2 |
| β Prehnite Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 References: |
| β Pyrite Formula: FeS2 References: |
| β Pyrite var. Bravoite Formula: (Fe,Ni)S2 |
| β Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS |
| β Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| β Rutile Formula: TiO2 |
| β Saponite Formula: Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| β Scolecite Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O |
| β 'Serpentine Subgroup' Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| β Siegenite Formula: CoNi2S4 |
| β Silver Formula: Ag Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate (from Nikolay Rudashevsky et al (2001) reference). References: |
| β Silver var. KΓΌstelite Formula: Ag Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Sperrylite Formula: PtAs2 Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Sphalerite Formula: ZnS |
| β Stilbite-Ca Formula: NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| β Stromeyerite Formula: AgCuS Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate |
| β Strontianite Formula: SrCO3 |
| β Synchysite-(Ce) Formula: CaCe(CO3)2F |
| β Taimyrite Formula: (Pd,Cu,Pt)3Sn Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β Talnakhite Formula: Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
| β Tetra-auricupride Formula: AuCu Description: Determined in carbonatitic ores, in sulfide flotation concentrate. |
| β 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| β Thomsonite-Ca Formula: NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| β Thorianite Formula: ThO2 |
| β Thorianite var. Uranothorianite Formula: (Th,U)O2 |
| β 'UM2000-65-SiO:CaCe' Formula: CaCe2(SiO4)2 |
| β 'UM2001-01-As:HgPbPd' Formula: Pd11(Pb,Hg)As2 |
| β Uraninite Formula: UO2 |
| β Valleriite Formula: (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 References: |
| β Vermiculite Formula: Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O Description: Crystals to 20cm across. |
| β Violarite Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4 |
| β Witherite Formula: BaCO3 |
| β Xonotlite Formula: Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| β Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) |
| β Zirconolite Formula: CaZrTi2O7 |
| β Zirconolite var. Niobozirconolite ? Formula: CaZr(Ti,Nb)2O7 |
| β Zirkelite Formula: (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| β | Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| β | Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| β | var. Electrum | 1.AA.05 | (Au,Ag) |
| β | Silver var. KΓΌstelite | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| β | Tetra-auricupride | 1.AA.10b | AuCu |
| β | Atokite | 1.AG.10 | (Pd,Pt)3Sn |
| β | Taimyrite | 1.AG.15 | (Pd,Cu,Pt)3Sn |
| β | Cabriite | 1.AG.30 | Pd2CuSn |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| β | Mertieite | 2.AC.10b | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 |
| β | Arsenopalladinite | 2.AC.10c | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| β | Majakite | 2.AC.25e | PdNiAs |
| β | Froodite | 2.AC.45a | Ξ±-PdBi2 |
| β | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| β | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| β | Stromeyerite | 2.BA.40 | AgCuS |
| β | Jalpaite | 2.BA.45 | Ag3CuS2 |
| β | Naumannite | 2.BA.55 | Ag2Se |
| β | Hessite | 2.BA.60 | Ag2Te |
| β | Pentlandite | 2.BB.15 | (NixFey)Ξ£9S8 |
| β | Argentopentlandite | 2.BB.15 | Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8 |
| β | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| β | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| β | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| β | Talnakhite | 2.CB.10b | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
| β | Cubanite | 2.CB.55a | CuFe2S3 |
| β | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| β | Millerite | 2.CC.20 | NiS |
| β | Mackinawite | 2.CC.25 | FeS |
| β | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| β | Linnaeite | 2.DA.05 | Co2+Co3+2S4 |
| β | Siegenite | 2.DA.05 | CoNi2S4 |
| β | Violarite | 2.DA.05 | Fe2+Ni3+2S4 |
| β | Sperrylite | 2.EB.05a | PtAs2 |
| β | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| β | var. Bravoite | 2.EB.05a | (Fe,Ni)S2 |
| β | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| β | Valleriite | 2.FD.30 | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| β | 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| β | Halite | 3.AA.20 | NaCl |
| β | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| β | Cuprite | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| β | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| β | Ilmenite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2+TiO3 |
| β | Geikielite | 4.CB.05 | MgTiO3 |
| β | Ilmenite var. Picroilmenite | 4.CB.05 | (Fe2+,Mg)TiO3 |
| β | Anzaite-(Ce) | 4.CC. | Ce3+ 4Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
| β | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| β | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| β | Baddeleyite | 4.DE.35 | ZrO2 |
| β | Zirconolite var. Niobozirconolite ? | 4.DH.30 | CaZr(Ti,Nb)2O7 |
| β | 4.DH.30 | CaZrTi2O7 | |
| β | Thorianite | 4.DL.05 | ThO2 |
| β | Uraninite | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| β | Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | 4.DL.05 | (Th,U)O2 |
| β | Zirkelite | 4.DL.05 | (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x |
| β | Brucite | 4.FE.05 | Mg(OH)2 |
| β | Portlandite | 4.FE.05 | Ca(OH)2 |
| β | Iowaite | 4.FL.05 | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16Cl2 Β· 4H2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| β | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| β | Magnesite | 5.AB.05 | MgCO3 |
| β | Dolomite | 5.AB.10 | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| β | Ankerite | 5.AB.10 | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| β | Strontianite | 5.AB.15 | SrCO3 |
| β | Witherite | 5.AB.15 | BaCO3 |
| β | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| β | Barytocalcite | 5.AB.45 | BaCa(CO3)2 |
| β | Carbocernaite | 5.AB.50 | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| β | Fairchildite | 5.AC.20 | K2Ca(CO3)2 |
| β | Burbankite | 5.AC.30 | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| β | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| β | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| β | Cordylite-(Ce) | 5.BD.05 | NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| β | BastnΓ€site-(Ce) | 5.BD.20a | Ce(CO3)F |
| β | Parisite-(Ce) | 5.BD.20b | CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| β | Synchysite-(Ce) | 5.BD.20c | CaCe(CO3)2F |
| β | Hydromagnesite | 5.DA.05 | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Hydrotalcite | 5.DA.50 | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Ancylite-(Ce) | 5.DC.05 | CeSr(CO3)2(OH) Β· H2O |
| Group 6 - Borates | |||
| β | Fluoborite | 6.AB.50 | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| β | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| β | Celestine | 7.AD.35 | SrSO4 |
| β | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 Β· 2H2O |
| β | 'Fergusonite-(Nd)' | 7.GA.05 | NdNbO4 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| β | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| β | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| β | Kyanite | 9.AF.15 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| β | Chondrodite | 9.AF.45 | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| β | Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | 9.AH.25 | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| β | Datolite | 9.AJ.20 | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| β | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| β | Aegirine | 9.DA.25 | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| β | Pectolite | 9.DG.05 | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| β | Xonotlite | 9.DG.35 | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| β | Prehnite | 9.DP.20 | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| β | Fluorapophyllite-(K) | 9.EA.15 | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) Β· 8H2O |
| β | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β | var. Fuchsite | 9.EC.15 | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| β | Phlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β | Saponite | 9.EC.45 | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 Β· nH2O |
| β | Vermiculite | 9.EC.50 | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 Β· 8H2O |
| β | Clinochlore | 9.EC.55 | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| β | Hydrobiotite | 9.EC.60 | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 Β· nH2O |
| β | Antigorite | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| β | Lizardite | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| β | Scolecite | 9.GA.05 | CaAl2Si3O10 Β· 3H2O |
| β | Mesolite | 9.GA.05 | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 Β· 8H2O |
| β | Natrolite | 9.GA.05 | Na2Al2Si3O10 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Thomsonite-Ca | 9.GA.10 | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] Β· 6H2O |
| β | Analcime | 9.GB.05 | Na(AlSi2O6) Β· H2O |
| β | Laumontite | 9.GB.10 | CaAl2Si4O12 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Stilbite-Ca | 9.GE.10 | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 Β· 28H2O |
| Unclassified | |||
| β | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| β | 'UM2000-65-SiO:CaCe' | - | CaCe2(SiO4)2 |
| β | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| β | 'Heulandite Subgroup' | - | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] Β· nH2O |
| β | 'Serpentine Subgroup' | - | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| β | 'Chabazite' | - | |
| β | 'K Feldspar' | - | |
| β | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| β | 'Monazite' | - | REE(PO4) |
| β | 'UM2001-01-As:HgPbPd' | - | Pd11(Pb,Hg)As2 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | β Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| H | β Ancylite-(Ce) | CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O |
| H | β Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | β Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| H | β Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| H | β Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| H | β Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| H | β Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| H | β Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| H | β Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| H | β Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| H | β Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| H | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| H | β Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| H | β Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| H | β Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | β Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O |
| H | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| H | β Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| H | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Portlandite | Ca(OH)2 |
| H | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| H | β Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| H | β Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O |
| H | β Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| H | β Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| H | β Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O |
| H | β Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| H | β Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| H | β Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| H | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| H | β Anzaite-(Ce) | Ce 43+Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
| B | Boron | |
| B | β Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| B | β Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | β Ancylite-(Ce) | CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O |
| C | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| C | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | β Barytocalcite | BaCa(CO3)2 |
| C | β BastnΓ€site-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| C | β Burbankite | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| C | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Carbocernaite | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| C | β Cordylite-(Ce) | NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| C | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| C | β Fairchildite | K2Ca(CO3)2 |
| C | β Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| C | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| C | β Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| C | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| C | β Parisite-(Ce) | CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| C | β Strontianite | SrCO3 |
| C | β Synchysite-(Ce) | CaCe(CO3)2F |
| C | β Witherite | BaCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | β Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| O | β Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| O | β Ancylite-(Ce) | CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O |
| O | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| O | β Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | β Barytocalcite | BaCa(CO3)2 |
| O | β Baddeleyite | ZrO2 |
| O | β Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | β BastnΓ€site-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| O | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | β Burbankite | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| O | β Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| O | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Carbocernaite | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| O | β Celestine | SrSO4 |
| O | β Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| O | β Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| O | β Cordylite-(Ce) | NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| O | β Cuprite | Cu2O |
| O | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| O | β Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| O | β Fairchildite | K2Ca(CO3)2 |
| O | β Fergusonite-(Nd) | NdNbO4 |
| O | β Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| O | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | β Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| O | β Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| O | β Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| O | β Geikielite | MgTiO3 |
| O | β Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| O | β Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| O | β Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| O | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| O | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| O | β Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| O | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | β Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| O | β Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | β Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| O | β Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | β Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O |
| O | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| O | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Zirconolite var. Niobozirconolite | CaZr(Ti,Nb)2O7 |
| O | β Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| O | β Parisite-(Ce) | CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| O | β Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| O | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Portlandite | Ca(OH)2 |
| O | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| O | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | β Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| O | β Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O |
| O | β Strontianite | SrCO3 |
| O | β Synchysite-(Ce) | CaCe(CO3)2F |
| O | β Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| O | β Thorianite | ThO2 |
| O | β Uraninite | UO2 |
| O | β Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | (Th,U)O2 |
| O | β Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| O | β Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O |
| O | β Witherite | BaCO3 |
| O | β Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| O | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | β Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| O | β Zirkelite | (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x |
| O | β Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| O | β Ilmenite var. Picroilmenite | (Fe2+,Mg)TiO3 |
| O | β Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| O | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| O | β Anzaite-(Ce) | Ce 43+Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
| O | β UM2000-65-SiO:CaCe | CaCe2(SiO4)2 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | β BastnΓ€site-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| F | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | β Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| F | β Cordylite-(Ce) | NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| F | β Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| F | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| F | β Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| F | β Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| F | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | β Parisite-(Ce) | CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| F | β Synchysite-(Ce) | CaCe(CO3)2F |
| F | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | β Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Na | β Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Na | β Burbankite | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| Na | β Carbocernaite | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| Na | β Cordylite-(Ce) | NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| Na | β Halite | NaCl |
| Na | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Na | β Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O |
| Na | β Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Na | β Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| Na | β Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Na | β Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Mg | β Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | β Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| Mg | β Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| Mg | β Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Mg | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Mg | β Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| Mg | β Geikielite | MgTiO3 |
| Mg | β Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Mg | β Hydromagnesite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| Mg | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| Mg | β Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| Mg | β Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | β Magnesite | MgCO3 |
| Mg | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | β Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Mg | β Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| Mg | β Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O |
| Mg | β Ilmenite var. Picroilmenite | (Fe2+,Mg)TiO3 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | β Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Al | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | β Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Al | β Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Al | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Al | β Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Al | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| Al | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | β Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| Al | β Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O |
| Al | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Al | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Al | β Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Al | β Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O |
| Al | β Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Al | β Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| Al | β Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O |
| Al | β Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | β Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Si | β Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
| Si | β Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | β Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 |
| Si | β Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
| Si | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | β Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| Si | β Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| Si | β Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| Si | β Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Si | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Si | β Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Si | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | β Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| Si | β Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | β Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O |
| Si | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Natrolite | Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O |
| Si | β Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| Si | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Si | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Si | β Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O |
| Si | β Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Si | β Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O |
| Si | β Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | β Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| Si | β Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| Si | β UM2000-65-SiO:CaCe | CaCe2(SiO4)2 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| P | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | β Argentopentlandite | Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8 |
| S | β Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | β Pyrite var. Bravoite | (Fe,Ni)S2 |
| S | β Celestine | SrSO4 |
| S | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | β Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | β Covellite | CuS |
| S | β Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| S | β Galena | PbS |
| S | β Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | β Jalpaite | Ag3CuS2 |
| S | β Linnaeite | Co2+Co23+S4 |
| S | β Mackinawite | FeS |
| S | β Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | β Millerite | NiS |
| S | β Pentlandite | (NixFey)Ξ£9S8 |
| S | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | β Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | β Siegenite | CoNi2S4 |
| S | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | β Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| S | β Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
| S | β Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| S | β Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| S | β Violarite | Fe2+Ni23+S4 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | β Halite | NaCl |
| Cl | β Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| Cl | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | β Fairchildite | K2Ca(CO3)2 |
| K | β Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| K | β Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| K | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| K | β Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| K | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Ca | β Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | β Barytocalcite | BaCa(CO3)2 |
| Ca | β Burbankite | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| Ca | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | β Carbocernaite | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| Ca | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | β Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
| Ca | β Datolite | CaB(SiO4)(OH) |
| Ca | β Fairchildite | K2Ca(CO3)2 |
| Ca | β Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | β Fluorapophyllite-(K) | KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O |
| Ca | β Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| Ca | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | β Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | β Heulandite Subgroup | (Na/Ca/K)5-6[Al8-9 Si27-28 O72] · nH2O |
| Ca | β Laumontite | CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O |
| Ca | β Mesolite | Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O |
| Ca | β Zirconolite var. Niobozirconolite | CaZr(Ti,Nb)2O7 |
| Ca | β Parisite-(Ce) | CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| Ca | β Pectolite | NaCa2Si3O8(OH) |
| Ca | β Portlandite | Ca(OH)2 |
| Ca | β Prehnite | Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Ca | β Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Ca | β Scolecite | CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O |
| Ca | β Synchysite-(Ce) | CaCe(CO3)2F |
| Ca | β Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Ca | β Xonotlite | Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2 |
| Ca | β Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| Ca | β Zirkelite | (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x |
| Ca | β Stilbite-Ca | NaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O |
| Ca | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ca | β UM2000-65-SiO:CaCe | CaCe2(SiO4)2 |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | β Geikielite | MgTiO3 |
| Ti | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Ti | β Zirconolite var. Niobozirconolite | CaZr(Ti,Nb)2O7 |
| Ti | β Rutile | TiO2 |
| Ti | β Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| Ti | β Zirkelite | (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x |
| Ti | β Ilmenite var. Picroilmenite | (Fe2+,Mg)TiO3 |
| Ti | β Anzaite-(Ce) | Ce 43+Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | β Muscovite var. Fuchsite | K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | β Aegirine | NaFe3+Si2O6 |
| Fe | β Ankerite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2 |
| Fe | β Argentopentlandite | Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8 |
| Fe | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | β Pyrite var. Bravoite | (Fe,Ni)S2 |
| Fe | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | β Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Fe | β Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O |
| Fe | β Ilmenite | Fe2+TiO3 |
| Fe | β Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| Fe | β Mackinawite | FeS |
| Fe | β Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | β Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | β Pentlandite | (NixFey)Ξ£9S8 |
| Fe | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | β Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | β Saponite | Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| Fe | β Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
| Fe | β Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| Fe | β Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O |
| Fe | β Violarite | Fe2+Ni23+S4 |
| Fe | β Ilmenite var. Picroilmenite | (Fe2+,Mg)TiO3 |
| Fe | β Anzaite-(Ce) | Ce 43+Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | β Linnaeite | Co2+Co23+S4 |
| Co | β Siegenite | CoNi2S4 |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | β Argentopentlandite | Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8 |
| Ni | β Pyrite var. Bravoite | (Fe,Ni)S2 |
| Ni | β Majakite | PdNiAs |
| Ni | β Millerite | NiS |
| Ni | β Pentlandite | (NixFey)Ξ£9S8 |
| Ni | β Siegenite | CoNi2S4 |
| Ni | β Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
| Ni | β Violarite | Fe2+Ni23+S4 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | β Cabriite | Pd2CuSn |
| Cu | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | β Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | β Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | β Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Cu | β Cuprite | Cu2O |
| Cu | β Jalpaite | Ag3CuS2 |
| Cu | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| Cu | β Taimyrite | (Pd,Cu,Pt)3Sn |
| Cu | β Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
| Cu | β Tetra-auricupride | AuCu |
| Cu | β Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Cu | β Valleriite | (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | β Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| As | β Majakite | PdNiAs |
| As | β Mertieite | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 |
| As | β Sperrylite | PtAs2 |
| As | β UM2001-01-As:HgPbPd | Pd11(Pb,Hg)As2 |
| Se | Selenium | |
| Se | β Naumannite | Ag2Se |
| Sr | Strontium | |
| Sr | β Ancylite-(Ce) | CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O |
| Sr | β Burbankite | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| Sr | β Carbocernaite | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| Sr | β Celestine | SrSO4 |
| Sr | β Strontianite | SrCO3 |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | β Baddeleyite | ZrO2 |
| Zr | β Zirconolite var. Niobozirconolite | CaZr(Ti,Nb)2O7 |
| Zr | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Zr | β Zirconolite | CaZrTi2O7 |
| Zr | β Zirkelite | (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | β Fergusonite-(Nd) | NdNbO4 |
| Nb | β Zirconolite var. Niobozirconolite | CaZr(Ti,Nb)2O7 |
| Pd | Palladium | |
| Pd | β Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| Pd | β Atokite | (Pd,Pt)3Sn |
| Pd | β Cabriite | Pd2CuSn |
| Pd | β Froodite | α-PdBi2 |
| Pd | β Majakite | PdNiAs |
| Pd | β Mertieite | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 |
| Pd | β Taimyrite | (Pd,Cu,Pt)3Sn |
| Pd | β UM2001-01-As:HgPbPd | Pd11(Pb,Hg)As2 |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | β Argentopentlandite | Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8 |
| Ag | β Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Ag | β Hessite | Ag2Te |
| Ag | β Jalpaite | Ag3CuS2 |
| Ag | β Naumannite | Ag2Se |
| Ag | β Silver | Ag |
| Ag | β Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| Ag | β Silver var. KΓΌstelite | Ag |
| Sn | Tin | |
| Sn | β Atokite | (Pd,Pt)3Sn |
| Sn | β Cabriite | Pd2CuSn |
| Sn | β Taimyrite | (Pd,Cu,Pt)3Sn |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | β Arsenopalladinite | Pd8(As,Sb)3 |
| Sb | β Mertieite | Pd8Sb2.5As0.5 |
| Sb | β Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Te | Tellurium | |
| Te | β Hessite | Ag2Te |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | β Barytocalcite | BaCa(CO3)2 |
| Ba | β Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Ba | β Burbankite | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| Ba | β Carbocernaite | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| Ba | β Cordylite-(Ce) | NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| Ba | β Witherite | BaCO3 |
| Ce | Cerium | |
| Ce | β Ancylite-(Ce) | CeSr(CO3)2(OH) · H2O |
| Ce | β BastnΓ€site-(Ce) | Ce(CO3)F |
| Ce | β Burbankite | (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5 |
| Ce | β Carbocernaite | (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO3)2 |
| Ce | β Cordylite-(Ce) | NaBaCe2(CO3)4F |
| Ce | β Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| Ce | β Parisite-(Ce) | CaCe2(CO3)3F2 |
| Ce | β Synchysite-(Ce) | CaCe(CO3)2F |
| Ce | β Anzaite-(Ce) | Ce 43+Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
| Ce | β UM2000-65-SiO:CaCe | CaCe2(SiO4)2 |
| Nd | Neodymium | |
| Nd | β Fergusonite-(Nd) | NdNbO4 |
| Pt | Platinum | |
| Pt | β Sperrylite | PtAs2 |
| Pt | β Taimyrite | (Pd,Cu,Pt)3Sn |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | β Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Au | β Gold | Au |
| Au | β Tetra-auricupride | AuCu |
| Hg | Mercury | |
| Hg | β UM2001-01-As:HgPbPd | Pd11(Pb,Hg)As2 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | β Galena | PbS |
| Pb | β UM2001-01-As:HgPbPd | Pd11(Pb,Hg)As2 |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | β Froodite | α-PdBi2 |
| Th | Thorium | |
| Th | β Thorianite | ThO2 |
| Th | β Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | (Th,U)O2 |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | β Uraninite | UO2 |
| U | β Thorianite var. Uranothorianite | (Th,U)O2 |
Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palabora |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q3360745 |
Localities in this Region
- Limpopo
- Mopani District Municipality
- Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
- Phalaborwa
- Palabora Mine
- Phalaborwa
- Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality
- Mopani District Municipality
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
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References
wwwu.edu.uni-klu.ac.at (n.d.) http://wwwu.edu.uni-klu.ac.at/mmessner/sites/rsa/palabora/palabora.htm
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Palabora Mine, Phalaborwa, Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, Mopani District Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa