Connellite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Connellite
Formula:
Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Colour:
Blue, blue-green; blue in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
3.36
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named by James Dwight Dana in 1850 in honor of Arthur Connell (November 30, 1794, Edinburgh, Scotland - October 31, 1863, St Andrews, Scotland), professor of chemistry at St Andrew's University, Edinburgh, Scotland, who first studied the mineral.
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1120
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1120:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
4bee9707-63fb-4a3c-a856-6a4a726feacf
IMA Classification of Connellite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Cu36(SO4)(OH)62Cl8 · 6H2O
Classification of Connellite
3.DA.25
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
A : With Cu, etc., without Pb
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
A : With Cu, etc., without Pb
31.1.1.1
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq·xH2O, where m:p > 6:1
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq·xH2O, where m:p > 6:1
26.5
26 : Sulphates with Halide
26 : Sulphates with Halide
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Cnl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Cnl | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Connellite
Sub-Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Blue, blue-green; blue in transmitted light.
Streak:
Pale green-blue
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Splintery
Density:
3.36 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.46 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Am Min 57: 426 (1972) structure
Optical Data of Connellite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.724 - 1.746 nε = 1.738 - 1.758
Birefringence:
0.026
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.014
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Connellite
Mindat Formula:
Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Crystallography of Connellite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6 m2 - Ditrigonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P62c
Setting:
P62c
Cell Parameters:
a = 15.78 Å, c = 9.10 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.577
Unit Cell V:
1,962.39 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals acicular [0001] and striated [0001]; radiating groups of needles; felted aggregates.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000275 | Connellite | McLean W J, Anthony J W (1972) The disordered, "zeolite-like" structure of connellite American Mineralogist 57 426-438 | 1972 | 0 | 293 | ||
0012063 | Connellite | Hibbs D E, Leverett P, Williams P A (2006) Connellite from Bisbee, Arizona: A single-crystal X-ray study Axis 2 1-7 | 2006 | Bisbee, Arizona, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
13.7 Å | (80) |
7.89 Å | (100) |
5.46 Å | (20) |
5.17 Å | (30) |
3.22 Å | (20) |
2.73 Å | (40) |
2.49 Å | (30) |
2.28 Å | (40) |
Comments:
ICDD 35-538
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
38 : Ophiolites | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
53 : Other minerals with taphonomic origins | <0.4 |
Type Occurrence of Connellite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Blue acicular crystals in divergent clusters, usually < 1 mm.
Synonyms of Connellite
Other Language Names for Connellite
Catalan:Connellita
Italian:Connellite
Russian:Коннеллит
Simplified Chinese:氯铜矾
Spanish:Connellita
Footeita
Tallingita
Footeita
Tallingita
Traditional Chinese:氯銅礬
Relationship of Connellite to other Species
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
174 photos of Connellite associated with Cuprite | Cu2O |
145 photos of Connellite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
94 photos of Connellite associated with Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
74 photos of Connellite associated with Copper | Cu |
49 photos of Connellite associated with Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
41 photos of Connellite associated with Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
36 photos of Connellite associated with Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
30 photos of Connellite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
16 photos of Connellite associated with Chalcocite | Cu2S |
16 photos of Connellite associated with Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
3.DA. | Centennialite | CaCu3Cl2(OH)6 · nH2O (n ~ 0.7) |
3.DA. | Muonionalustaite | Ni3(OH)4Cl2 · 4H2O |
3.DA. | Parahibbingite | Fe2(OH)3Cl |
3.DA. | Bounahasite | Cu+Cu2+2(OH)3Cl2 |
3.DA.05 | Melanothallite | Cu2Cl2O |
3.DA.10a | Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
3.DA.10b | Botallackite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
3.DA.10b | Clinoatacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
3.DA.10a | Hibbingite | Fe2+2(OH)3Cl |
3.DA.10a | Kempite | Mn2+2(OH)3Cl |
3.DA.10c | Kuliginite | Fe3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Paratacamite | Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10b | Belloite | Cu(OH)Cl |
3.DA.10c | Herbertsmithite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Kapellasite | Cu3Zn(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Gillardite | Cu3Ni(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Haydeeite | Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Leverettite | Cu3Co(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Paratacamite-(Ni) | Cu3(Ni,Cu)(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Tondiite | Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10c | Misakiite | Cu3Mn(OH)6Cl2 |
3.DA.10b | Iyoite | MnCuCl(OH)3 |
3.DA.10b | Unnamed (Cu-Zn Chloride Hydroxide) | CuZnCl(OH)3 |
3.DA.15 | Claringbullite | Cu4ClF(OH)6 |
3.DA.15 | Barlowite | Cu4BrF(OH)6 |
3.DA.20 | Simonkolleite | Zn5Cl2(OH)8 · H2O |
3.DA.25 | Buttgenbachite | Cu19(NO3)2(OH)32Cl4 · 2H2O |
3.DA.30 | Abhurite | Sn21Cl16(OH)14O6 |
3.DA.35 | Ponomarevite | K4Cu4Cl10O |
3.DA.40 | Anthonyite | Cu(OH,Cl)2 · 3H2O |
3.DA.40 | Calumetite | CaCu4(OH)8Cl2 · 3.5H2O |
3.DA.45 | Khaidarkanite | Cu4Al3(OH)14F3 · 2H2O |
3.DA.50 | Bobkingite | Cu5Cl2(OH)8 · 2H2O |
3.DA.55 | Avdoninite | K2Cu5(OH)4Cl8 · H2O |
3.DA.60 | Droninoite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
3.DA.70 | Chrysothallite | K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4 · H2O |
3.DA.70 | Dioskouriite | CaCu4Cl6(OH)4 · 4H2O |
3.DA.75 | Feodosiyite | Cu11Mg2Cl18(OH)8 · 16H2O |
3.DA.80 | Romanorlovite | K8Cu6Cl17(OH)3 |
Fluorescence of Connellite
Not fluorescent
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in acids and in ammonium hydroxide. Insoluble in water.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Connellite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1120.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Connellite
Reference List:
Palache, C., Merwin, H. E. (1909) On connellite and chalcophyllite from Bisbee, Arizona. American Journal Of Science, S. 4 Vol. 28. 537-540
Bannister, F. A., Hey, Max H., Claringbull, G. F. (1950) Connellite, buttgenbachite, and tallingite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 29 (211) 280-286 doi:10.1180/minmag.1950.029.211.04
Localities for Connellite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Argentina | |
| Paar et al. (2002) |
de Brodtkorb +2 other references | |
| Brodtkorb (2006) |
Australia | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (visual ID) |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
| Anon. et al. (1) |
| Hibbs et al. (2006) |
Sharpe et al. (2000) | |
Sorrell (n.d.) | |
| viccloete |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Noble R.J. |
| Brugger et al. (2006) |
| |
| Kolitsch et al. (1999) |
| Steve Sorrell Collection |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| www.crocoite.com (2003) |
www.crocoite.com (2003) | |
Bottrill et al. (2008) | |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill |
| |
| |
| Nickel et al. (1993) |
Min. Record 24 (1993) | |
Nickel et al. (1993) | |
Min.Record 24 (1993) | |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2013) |
| Blaß et al. (1997) |
| Auer (2023) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2014) |
| Kirchner (1978) +1 other reference |
| Kolitsch et al. (2009) |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Neschen (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| [Lapis 1992: 2 p.19-30] |
| Kolitsch (2018) |
| Putz et al. (2012) |
Kolitsch (2013) | |
| Putz et al. (2007) |
| Kolitsch (2013) |
Kolitsch et al. (2022) | |
Belgium | |
| |
| Blaß et al. (1995b) |
| Arnold Van Herreweghe Collection |
| Michel Blondieau. +1 other reference |
| Van Der Meersche (1987) +3 other references |
| Blondieau (2005) |
| |
Bolivia | |
| Georges Favreau specimen (analyzed) |
Canada | |
| INGELSON (1984) |
| Terry Collett collection |
Chile | |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
| maurizio Dini & Arturo Molina collctions- analysed by EDX & PDF (by dr. Jochen Scluter) |
| collected and analysed by french ... |
| Maurizio Dini & Robert Jenkins ... +1 other reference |
samples analysed by Gerhard Mohn and ... | |
| Robert Jenkins |
| SEM-EDS and Raman Spectroscopy by Joy ... |
Czech Republic | |
| RÜSENBERG et al. (1996) |
| [Lapis 1995 |
| Černý |
| Pauliš |
DR Congo | |
| Deliens (1996) |
| SEM-EDS and Raman Spectroscopy by Joy ... |
France | |
| Vernay (1997) +1 other reference |
| Chollet Pascal collection. +1 other reference |
Chollet Pascal Collection | |
| De Ascençao Guedes (2003) |
Vessely Collection | |
| Germain C. et al. (1990) |
| Lheur et al. (2011) |
| R.De ASCENÇAO GUEDES (2004) |
| Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references |
Escande et al. (1973) +6 other references | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Berbain et al. (2019) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Georges FAVREAU collection + EDX ... +1 other reference |
| Favreau et al. (2010) |
| Jean Claude Dol |
| Le Cahier des Micromonteurs |
| Jean Claude Dol |
| PIERROT R. et al. (1976) |
| INVENTAIRE MINERALOGIQUE DE LA FRANCE ... |
| Riviéra Scientifique:85:3-12 (15 Oct 2001) +1 other reference |
| Jean-Marie Claude collection +1 other reference |
Jean-Marie Claude collection. | |
Germany | |
| Wittern (1995) |
Anneliese Schwarz collection (visually identified by Uwe Kolitsch) +1 other reference | |
| Schrenk (2000) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| |
| |
Walenta (1992) | |
| 90. +1 other reference |
| 54. +2 other references |
| www.berthold-weber.de (2001) |
| Blessing et al. (1991) |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) |
| Ko Jansen |
"Lithothek" collection of the ... | |
| van den Berg et al. (1990) |
| van den Berg et al. (1990) |
| van den Berg et al. (1990) |
Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) |
| www.mg-mineralien-fossilien.de (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Heinrich et al. (2011) |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| |
International Association of Collectors ... +1 other reference | |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| Collection Hartmute Hensel |
| Lapis 2001 (6) |
| Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen et al. (Munich) |
Habel (2006) +1 other reference | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Der Aufschluss Vol.55 |
| C.Auer (2019) |
| XRD analysis (T. Witzke) |
| J. Siemroth & T. Witzke (1999) |
Mineralien Welt 15 Jg Heft 2-2004and 19 ... | |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
| Markus Gerstmann - Collection |
Greece | |
| Gröbner et al. (2002) |
| |
Lapis No.11 2001 p.13-21 | |
| |
| 62 +3 other references |
| Lapis et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
Rewitzer et al. (1982) +1 other reference | |
ko Jansen. | |
Gelaude et al. (1996) | |
| Lefteris Rantos collection |
Greenland | |
| [Mineralogical Record - 24 No 2] |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya +1 other reference |
Iran | |
| Bariand et al. (1993) |
Ireland | |
| |
| Dr Richard Unitt Collection |
| Found by George Ryback in 1976. |
| Dr Richard Unitt Collection |
| |
| Moreton (1991) |
Day (1999) | |
Thorne (n.d.) | |
Moreton (2005) | |
Isle of Man | |
| Adam Stephens Collection |
Italy | |
| Bloise et al. (2019) |
| Russo et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
Russo et al. (2004) +1 other reference | |
| Russo et al. (2014) |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana (Avril/Juin) |
| Redazionale (2005) |
415. +1 other reference | |
Pagano et al. (2001) | |
| Turconi (1984) +1 other reference |
Pipino (1984) | |
Camarda et al. (2013) | |
| Marchesini M. (1999) |
| probed by Balestra C. |
| Luigi Chiappino data |
| Stara et al. (1999) |
| Stara P. (1996) |
AA. VV. | |
AA. VV. | |
| Mariani P. et al. (1975) |
Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) | |
Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) | |
| Caboni et al. (2018) |
| Preite et al. (2007) |
| www.associazionemineralogicasarda.it (n.d.) |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| Collection Antonio Gamboni |
| Bardi et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
| "Lithothek der Münchener Micromounter" ... |
Jansen et al. (1998) | |
| International Association of Collectors of Slag Minerals (2) +1 other reference |
Gianni Porcellini collection +1 other reference | |
AA. VV. | |
| W. Strohschneider (1975) |
| Marco Bonifazi find & collection +1 other reference |
| Franzini et al. (1992) +2 other references |
| Jansen et al. (1998) |
| Luigi Chiappino data |
| Orlandi et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Orlandi et al. (1989) +2 other references |
Orlandi et al. (2009) | |
| Orlandi et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
| A. Perugini collection |
Japan | |
| Go ITO |
| Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto) +1 other reference |
Morocco | |
| Georges Favreau collection |
Georges Favreau collection | |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1991) |
New Zealand | |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
| Essence of Microscope |
| Paritu |
Norway | |
| Husdal (2023) |
Husdal (2021) | |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves analytical data and ... |
| Pedro Alves analytical data and ... |
| Pedro Alves analytical data and ... |
| Alves et al. (2017) |
Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... | |
| |
| Rui P. Nunes and Martins da Pedra ... |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
Russia | |
| Pekov et al. (2011) |
| Abrosimova et al. (2015) |
South Africa | |
| Prior (1889) +1 other reference |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Bannister et al. (1950) |
Spain | |
| Pesudo Verde Collection |
| Valladares et al. (2021) |
| in Spanish version (Revista de Minerales) +1 other reference |
| A. Arribas et al. (2005) |
| Christiane & Jean-Robert Eytier ... |
G. Leal et al. (2005) | |
| Rewitzer et al. (part2) |
| Garrido et al. (2013) |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022) |
Turkey | |
| Erik Vercammen collection |
UK | |
| Semmons (1885) +1 other reference |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
Golley et al. (1995) | |
Richard de Nul collection | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1982 46 : 402-403 +1 other reference |
| P Haas (collected 2008) |
| Bruce et al. (1998) |
| Dana 6: 919. +2 other references |
| P |
| |
Martin Stolworthy Collection | |
| Lapis 11 (2) |
P Haas collection | |
| BMS Newsletter 79 (http://britishmicromountsociety.homestead.com/Gannell-Smelter.html) |
| Hall (1868) +1 other reference |
| Dana 7: II:573. +3 other references |
| Diederik Visser List |
| G. Curtis specimen |
| Adam Stephens Collection |
| |
S Rust collection | |
| Steve Rust collection |
| Semmons (1885) +3 other references |
| Paul De Bondt collection |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
| collected by Richard de Nul |
Wolfe et al. (2008) | |
| collected by Michael Merry |
| |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
B Day Collection | |
| Robin Selley and Roger Eslick (2004) |
Miers (1894) +2 other references | |
Embrey et al. (1987) | |
| |
Golley et al. (1995) +1 other reference | |
| Rashleigh (1802) +2 other references |
| Collins (1871) +1 other reference |
Rocks & Min.: 60 (1) | |
Richard de Nul collection | |
Golley et al. (1995) | |
Elton et al. (1995) | |
Visual Identification (J.Ralph 2009) | |
Golley et al. (1995) | |
| P Haas |
Paul De Bondt collection | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
P Haas | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Norman Wilson collection |
| |
| Green et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
Green et al. (2006) +1 other reference | |
| Kingsbury (MS1) +1 other reference |
| Green et al. (2008) |
Green et al. (2005) +2 other references | |
Stanley et al. (1991) | |
| Briscoe et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
| S Rust collection |
| Hubbard et al. (2005) |
| Steve Rust collection |
| Starkey et al. (1998) |
| Render (n.d.) |
Moreton et al. (1992) | |
Braithwaite et al. (1990) | |
Anthony (1997) | |
Miller et al. (1966) +1 other reference | |
Day (1999) | |
Anthony (1997) | |
Render (n.d.) | |
| R. S. W. Braithwaite and J. R. Knight (1990) +1 other reference |
| Wolfe (1998) +1 other reference |
| Jane Currie |
| |
S Rust collection | |
| Mason et al. (1996) |
| S. Rust collection |
| S.Rust Collection |
| Day (1999) |
| Pollard et al. (1991) |
| Dave Evans |
| S. Rust collection |
| S. Rust collection |
| S.Rust Collection |
USA | |
| Holden (1922) +3 other references |
| Dana 7: II: 573. +5 other references |
Graeme (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Graeme (1993) +1 other reference |
Holden (1922) | |
| Ransome (1904a) +2 other references |
Dana 7: II:573. +8 other references | |
Hibbs et al. (2006) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Rob Bowell |
| Butler et al. (1938b) +4 other references |
Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Thomas et al. (1983) +1 other reference |
| Williams (1961) +1 other reference |
| Raman analyzed at the University of ... |
| Anthony et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Robert A. Jenkins |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| MarekC pers. coll. 2017-2018 |
| Housley et al. (1999) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
Thorne (n.d.) | |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| Travis Olds collection |
| Collection of J. Dagenais |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Rocks & Minerals |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| The Minerals of Rhyolite Pass |
| Jensen (1993) |
Martin Jensen unpublished analysis and ... | |
| Peters et al. (1983) +1 other reference |
| Jerry Cone Collection |
| Roberts et al. (1997) |
| Bannister et al. (1950) +1 other reference |
Thorne (n.d.) | |
| MarekC (2018) |
| Kokinos et al. (1993) |
Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22 +1 other reference | |
Thorne (n.d.) | |
Thorne (n.d.) | |
Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22 | |
Jake Slagle | |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
Uzbekistan | |
| Mineraly Uzbekistana (Minerals of the Uzbekistan) |
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La Cena del Depósito concession, Cerro Minado Mines, Cuesta Alta, Huércal-Overa, Almería, Andalusia, Spain