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Hydrozincite

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Hydrozincite

Yellow Pine Mine, Goodsprings, Goodsprings District, Spring Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA
Hydrozincite, etc.

Hilton Mine, Scordale, Hilton, Escarpment District, Cumbria, England, UK
Hydrozincite

Waterbank Mine, Back of Ecton, Ecton, Staffordshire, England, UK
Hydrozincite

Yellow Pine Mine, Goodsprings, Goodsprings District, Spring Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA
Hydrozincite, etc.

Hilton Mine, Scordale, Hilton, Escarpment District, Cumbria, England, UK
Hydrozincite

Waterbank Mine, Back of Ecton, Ecton, Staffordshire, England, UK
Hydrozincite

Yellow Pine Mine, Goodsprings, Goodsprings District, Spring Mts, Clark Co., Nevada, USA
Hydrozincite, etc.

Hilton Mine, Scordale, Hilton, Escarpment District, Cumbria, England, UK
Formula:
Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Colour:
White to grey, stained pale pink, or pale yellow or brown; colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Silky, Pearly, Dull, Earthy
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
3.5 - 4
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1853 by Gustav Adolph Kenngott in allusion to its composition, containing water of hydration and zinc.
Typically found as massive, earthy, porous to compact, powdery aggregates and encrustations of very small to microscopic crystals. The colour is white to grey, but it may be stained a wide variety of hues by impurities, with yellowish and brownish to pinkish hues predominating. An alteration product generally of sphalerite, also of hemimorphite, and smithsonite.

May be confused with the visually similar zinc carbonate-sulphate brianyoungite.

Chemically related to parádsasvárite.


Hide all sections | Show all sections

Classification of HydrozinciteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Strunz 8th ed.:
5/C.01-100
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) ed.:
5.BA.15

5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
B : Carbonates with additional anions, without H2O
A : With Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Mg, Mn
Dana 7th ed.:
16.4.1.1
Dana 8th ed.:
16a.4.1.1

16a : ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
4 : (AB)5(XO3)2Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:
11.6.2

11 : Carbonates
6 : Carbonates of Zn and Cd

Pronounciation of HydrozinciteHide

Pronounciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon & Katya RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of HydrozinciteHide

Lustre:
Silky, Pearly, Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
White to grey, stained pale pink, or pale yellow or brown; colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {100}.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.5 - 4 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.97 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of HydrozinciteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.630 nβ = 1.642 nγ = 1.750
2V:
Measured: 40° , Calculated: 40°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.120
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
relatively strong

Chemical Properties of HydrozinciteHide

Formula:
Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Elements listed:
C, H, O, Zn - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Fe,Cu

Crystallography of HydrozinciteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C1 2/m 1
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.58 Å, b = 6.28 Å, c = 5.41 Å
β = 95.51°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.162 : 1 : 0.861
Unit Cell V:
459.25 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals usually very small to microscopic, lath-like or bladed, flattened on {100} and elongated [001], often tapering to a sharp point. Typically found as massive aggregates of either powdery material, earthy and porous, to compact material, with fibrous radial structure, may be reniform. Dense agate-like masses, stalactic, and pisolitic.
Twinning:
Intimate twinning has been observed, but the morphology has not been reported.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
6.77 (100)
5.71 (5)
5.37 (10)
3.99 (20)
3.81 (5)
3.66 (40)
3.37 (5)
3.14 (50)
2.92 (20)
2.85 (30)
2.74 (10)
2.72 (60)
2.69 (20)
2.58 (10)
2.48 (70)
2.394 (5)
2.336 (10)
2.301 (20)
2.253 (5)
2.213 (10)
2.177 (5)
2.086 (5)
2.064 (10)
2.041 (5)
2.006 (5)
1.944 (5)
1.915 (30)
1.902 (30)
1.842 (10)
1.814 (10)
1.774 (20)
1.745 (5)
1.688 (40)
1.657 (10)
1.646 (5)
1.609 (5)
1.573 (20)
1.559 (10)
1.547 (5)
1.521 (5)
1.498 (5)
1.466 (20)
1.451 (5)
1.401 (10)
1.368 (10)
1.359 (5)
1.345 (10)
Comments:
ICDD 19-1458 natural material, Goodsprings, Nevada

Occurrences of HydrozinciteHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
•  Oxidation
•  Leaching

Type Occurrence of HydrozinciteHide

Synonyms of HydrozinciteHide

Other Language Names for HydrozinciteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
CalciteCaCO3
CerussitePbCO3
HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Limonite(Fe,O,OH,H2O)
SmithsoniteZnCO3
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Calcite134 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Calcite on mindat.org.
Hemimorphite93 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Hemimorphite on mindat.org.
Smithsonite82 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Smithsonite on mindat.org.
Sphalerite62 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Sphalerite on mindat.org.
Aurichalcite46 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Aurichalcite on mindat.org.
Willemite36 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Willemite on mindat.org.
Wulfenite32 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Wulfenite on mindat.org.
Zincite29 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Zincite on mindat.org.
Cerussite26 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Cerussite on mindat.org.
Franklinite25 photos of Hydrozincite associated with Franklinite on mindat.org.

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz GroupingHide

5.BA.05AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
5.BA.10GeorgeiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2 · 6H2OAmor.
5.BA.10Glaukosphaerite(Cu,Ni)2(CO3)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
5.BA.10Kolwezite(Cu,Co)2(CO3)(OH)2Tric.
5.BA.10MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
5.BA.10Mcguinnessite(Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
5.BA.10NullaginiteNi2(CO3)(OH)2Mon.
5.BA.10PokrovskiteMg2(CO3)(OH)2Mon.
5.BA.10Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
5.BA.10Zincrosasite(Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2Mon.
5.BA.10ChukanoviteFe2+2(CO3)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
5.BA.15Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6Mon. 2/m : P21/m
5.BA.20HoldawayiteMn6(CO3)2(OH)7(Cl,OH)Mon. 2/m : B2/m
5.BA.25DeferniteCa6(CO3)2-x(SiO4)x(OH)7(Cl,OH)1-2x (x<0.5)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
5.BA.25UM1977-03-COSiO:CaClHCa10-11(CO3)7(SiO4)Cl1-2(OH)1-2Mon.
5.BA.30Loseyite(Mn2+,Zn,Mg)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10Mon. 2/m
5.BA.30Sclarite(Zn,Mg,Mn2+)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10Mon. 2/m : B2/b

Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals GroupingHide

11.6.1SmithsoniteZnCO3Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
11.6.3Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
11.6.4Zincrosasite(Zn,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2Mon.
11.6.5Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6Mon. 2/m : P21/m
11.6.6Claraite(Cu,Zn)15(CO3)4(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)14·7H2OTric.
11.6.7MinrecorditeCaZn(CO3)2Trig. 3 : R3
11.6.8Loseyite(Mn2+,Zn,Mg)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10Mon. 2/m
11.6.9Sclarite(Zn,Mg,Mn2+)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10Mon. 2/m : B2/b
11.6.10OtaviteCdCO3Trig. 3m (3 2/m)

Fluorescence of HydrozinciteHide

In UV light:
Light blue (SW UV). May fluoresce weak gray, white, or pale yellow in mid-wave and long wave. Probably does not phosphorece except due to mixture with other species.

Other InformationHide

Electrical:
Readily soluble in acids.

Observed as pseudomorphs after Dolomite.
Thermal Behaviour:
H2O and CO2 are lost starting at about 230°, leaving ZnO.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
A minor ore of zinc.

References for HydrozinciteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Smithson (1803) Royal Society of London, Philosophical Transactions: 12 (as Calamine).
Karsten, D.L.G. (1808) Mineralogische Tabellen, Berlin, second edition: 70, 99 (as Zinkblüthe).
Beudant, F.S. (1832), Trailé élémentaire de Minéralogie, second edition, 2 volumes: 2: 357 (as Zincosine).
Kenngott, G.A. (1853) Ubersichte der Resultate mineralogischer Forschungen, for the years 1850-51, Vienna (as Hydrozinkit).
Elderhorst (1858) Geological Report of Arkansas: 153. (as Marionite).
Weisbach, Albin (1875) Synopsis mineralogical, systematische Übersicht des Mineralreiches: 36 (as Cegamit).
Cabolet analysis in: Kraut (1897) Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, Hamburg, Leipzig: 13: 8.
Calderón y Arana, S. (1910) Los minerales de España, 2 volumes, Madrid: 2: 107.
Ford and Bradley (1916) American Journal of Science: 42: 59.
Perrier (1916) Atti soc. ital. sc. Nat.: 54: 188.
Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 90.
Hintze, Carl (1929) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [3A]: 3354.
Ulrich (1930) Příroda, Brno: 23: 387.
Larsen, E.S. and Berman, H. (1934) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, Second edition, USGS Bulletin 848: 194.
Lauro (1938) Periodico de Mineralogia-Roma: 9: 120.
Prider (1941) Mineralogical Magazine: 26: 60.
Beck (1946) Ph.D. thesis, Harvard University (unpublished).
Ramsdell (1947) American Mineralogist: 32: 207.
Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 247-249.
Jambor, J. L. (1964): Studies of basic copper and zinc carbonates. I - Synthetic zinc carbonates and their relationship to hydrozincite. Canadian Mineralogist 8, 92-108.
Jambor, J. L. and Pouliot, G. (1965): X-ray crystallography of aurichalcite and hydrozincite. Can. Mineral. 8, 385-389.
W. Zabinski (1966): The problem of stacking order in natural hydrozincite. Can. Mineral. 8, 649-652.
J. L. Jambor (1966): Natural and synthetic hydrozincites. Can. Mineral. 8, 652-653.
Acta Crystallographica: 17: 1051-1057.
Gaines, Richard V., H. Catherine, W. Skinner, Eugene E. Foord, Brian Mason, Abraham Rosenzweig (1997), Dana's New Mineralogy : The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana: 493.

Internet Links for HydrozinciteHide

Localities for HydrozinciteHide

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Locality ListShow

Mineral and/or Locality  
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