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Bushveld Complex, South Africa
The Bushveld complex is a large (65,000 km2) layered intrusive. It contains many magmatic ores, pegmatitic and hydrothermal ore deposits and has metamorphosed the floor rocks of the intrusive. The major deposits are of platinum group elements, chrome, nickel, vanadium and uranium.It is a large complex covering a major area of the province formerly known as the Transvaal. It has since been divided up and the Bushveld Igneous Complex now occurs in the following Provinces: Northwest, Gauteng, Limpopo and Mpumalanga.
Mineral List
| Maghemite (TL) | 'Unnamed (Ir-Ni alloy; no. 1)' | 'Unnamed (Ir-Os-Rh-Pd-Cu-Fe-Ni Sulphide)' | 'Unnamed (Ir-Os Sulphide; no. 3)' |
4 entries listed. 1 valid mineral. 1 type locality (valid mineral).
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References
Hall, A.L. and Humphrey, A.W. (1908) On the occurrence of chromite deposits along the southern and eastern margins of the Bushveld plutonic complex. Geological Society of South Africa Transactions: 11: 69-77.
Cawthorn, R.G. and McCarthy, TS. (1980) Variations in Cr content of magnetite from the upper zone of the Bushveld complex - Evidence for heterogeneity and convection currents in magma chambers. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 46: 335-343.
Kinloch, E.D. (1982): Regional trends in platinum-group mineralogy of the Critical Zone of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Economic Geology 77, 1328-1347.
McLaren, C.H., and de Villiers, J.P.R. (1982): The platinum-group chemistry and mineralogy of the UG2 chromitite layer of the Bushveld Complex. Economic Geology 77, 1348-1366.
McCarthy, T.S. and Cawthorn, R.G. (1983) The geochemistry of vanadiferous magnetite in the Bushveld complex: Implications for crystallization mechanisms in layered complexes. Mineralium Deposita: 18: 505-518.
Reynolds, I.M. (1985) The nature and origin of titaniferous magnetite-rich layers in the upper zone of the Bushveld complex: A review and synthesis. Economic Geology: 80: 1089-1108.
Von Gruenewaldt, G., Hatton, C.J., Merkle, R.K.W., and Gain, S.B. Platinum-group element - chromitite associations in the Bushveld complex. Economic Geology: 81: 1067-1079.
Harney, D.M.W. and von Gruenewaldt, G. (1995) Ore-forming processes in the upper part of the Bushveld complex, South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences: 20(2): 77-89.
- Cawthorn, R.G., Lee, C.A., Schouwstra, R.P., and Mellowship, P. (2002b) Relationship between PGE and PGM in the Bushveld Complex. Canadian Mineralogist: 40: 311-328.
Cawthorn, R.G. Merkle, R.K.W., and Viljoen, M.J. (2002a) Platinum-group element deposits in the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. In The Geology, Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum-Group Elements (L.J. Cabri, editor) Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, Special volume: 54: 389-429.
Maier, W.D., de Klerk, L., Blaine, J., Manyeruke, T., Barnes, S.-J., Stevens, M.V.A., and Mavrogenes, J.A. (2008): Petrogenesis of contact-style PGE mineralization in the northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: comparison of data from the farms Rooipoort, Townlands, Drenthe and Nonnenwerth. Mineralium Deposita 43, 255-280.
Cawthorn, R.G. and McCarthy, TS. (1980) Variations in Cr content of magnetite from the upper zone of the Bushveld complex - Evidence for heterogeneity and convection currents in magma chambers. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 46: 335-343.
Kinloch, E.D. (1982): Regional trends in platinum-group mineralogy of the Critical Zone of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Economic Geology 77, 1328-1347.
McLaren, C.H., and de Villiers, J.P.R. (1982): The platinum-group chemistry and mineralogy of the UG2 chromitite layer of the Bushveld Complex. Economic Geology 77, 1348-1366.
McCarthy, T.S. and Cawthorn, R.G. (1983) The geochemistry of vanadiferous magnetite in the Bushveld complex: Implications for crystallization mechanisms in layered complexes. Mineralium Deposita: 18: 505-518.
Reynolds, I.M. (1985) The nature and origin of titaniferous magnetite-rich layers in the upper zone of the Bushveld complex: A review and synthesis. Economic Geology: 80: 1089-1108.
Von Gruenewaldt, G., Hatton, C.J., Merkle, R.K.W., and Gain, S.B. Platinum-group element - chromitite associations in the Bushveld complex. Economic Geology: 81: 1067-1079.
Harney, D.M.W. and von Gruenewaldt, G. (1995) Ore-forming processes in the upper part of the Bushveld complex, South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences: 20(2): 77-89.
- Cawthorn, R.G., Lee, C.A., Schouwstra, R.P., and Mellowship, P. (2002b) Relationship between PGE and PGM in the Bushveld Complex. Canadian Mineralogist: 40: 311-328.
Cawthorn, R.G. Merkle, R.K.W., and Viljoen, M.J. (2002a) Platinum-group element deposits in the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. In The Geology, Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Beneficiation of Platinum-Group Elements (L.J. Cabri, editor) Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, Special volume: 54: 389-429.
Maier, W.D., de Klerk, L., Blaine, J., Manyeruke, T., Barnes, S.-J., Stevens, M.V.A., and Mavrogenes, J.A. (2008): Petrogenesis of contact-style PGE mineralization in the northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: comparison of data from the farms Rooipoort, Townlands, Drenthe and Nonnenwerth. Mineralium Deposita 43, 255-280.
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