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Coast Mountains, North Americai
Regional Level Types
Coast MountainsMountain Range
North America- not defined -

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Locality type:
Largest Settlements:
PlacePopulation
San Jose1,026,908 (2017)
Oakland419,267 (2017)
Fremont232,206 (2017)
Burnaby202,799 (2010)
Glendale201,020 (2017)
Santa Clarita182,371 (2017)
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
West Coast Mountains
Other Languages:
French:
chaîne Côtière
German:
Coast Mountains
Italian:
Montagne Costiere
Russian:
Береговой хребет
Simplified Chinese:
海岸山脈
Spanish:
Montañas Costeras
Asturian:
Montes Costeros
Basque:
Kostako mendikatea
Belarusian:
Берагавы хрыбет
Bulgarian:
Крайбрежен хребет
Cebuano:
Coast Mountains
Czech:
Pobřežní hory
Dutch:
Coast Mountains
Estonian:
Rannikuahelik
Finnish:
Rannikkovuoret
Icelandic:
Strandfjöll
Japanese:
コースト山脈
Lithuanian:
Pakrantės kalnai
Malay:
Pergunungan Pantai
Norwegian:
Coast Mountains
Polish:
Góry Nadbrzeżne
Portuguese:
Montanhas Costeiras
Romanian:
Munții Coastei
Slovak:
Pobrežné vrchy
Swedish:
Coast Mountains
Turkish:
Kıyı Dağları
Ukrainian:
Береговий хребет


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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

692 valid minerals. 48 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 1 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc. 4 erroneous literature entries.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Agglomerate

'Alaskite'

Alluvial deposit

Amphibolite

'Amygdaloid'

Andesite

'Andesite-basalt'

'Andesitic tuff'

Anorthosite

'Aplite'

'Argillaceous Quartzite'

'Argillaceous limestone'

'Argillite'

'Arkose'

Banded iron formation

Basalt

'Basaltic tuff'

Bauxite

Beach sand

'Bentonite'

'Biotite granite'

'Biotite schist'

'Bituminous clay'

'Blueschist'

Breccia

'Californite'

Chert

'Chlorite schist'

Clay

Claystone

Coarse-grained-ultramafic-rock

Conglomerate

'Cortlandtite'

'Crystal tuff'

Dacite

Diatomite

Diorite

'Dolerite'

Dolostone

Dunite

Eclogite

'Feldspar porphyry'

'Feldspathic-sandstone'

'Felsic tuff'

Fine-grained ("volcanic") normal crystalline igneous rock

'Fulgurite'

Gabbro

'Ganister'

'Glaucophane schist'

Gneiss

'Gold ore'

Gossan

Granite

'Granitic gneiss'

Granodiorite

Gravel

'Greenschist'

Greenstone

Greisen

'Greywacke'

H4 chondrite meteorite

H6 chondrite meteorite

Harzburgite

'Hornblende diorite'

Hornblendite

Hornfels

Hyaloclastite

IIIAB iron meteorite

'Jade'

'Kaolin'

L6 chondrite meteorite

Lamprophyre

Lapilli-tuff

'Lapis lazuli'

Laterite

Limestone

Listvenite

'Mafic volcanic rock'

'Magnesian Limestone'

'Magnetite skarn'

Marble

'Marl'

Metabasalt

Metachert

Metadiorite

'Metagraywacke'

Metasedimentary rock

Metashale

Metavolcanic rock

'Mica schist'

Migmatite

Monzodiorite

Monzonite

Mud

Mudstone

Nephrite

'Nickel laterite'

Norite

Obsidian

Olivine-gabbro

'Pegmatite'

Peridotite

'Petrified Wood'

Phosphorite

Phyllite

Picrite

'Pillow lava'

Porcellanite

'Porphyritic quartz-syenite'

'Porphyry'

Pumice

Pyroxenite

Quartz-diorite

Quartz-monzonite

Quartz-syenite

Quartzite

Rhyodacite

Rhyolite

Sand

'Sand-grade limestone'

Sandstone

Schist

Sedimentary rock

Serpentinite

Shale

Siltstone

Sinter

Skarn

Slate

Spilite

Syenite

'Tactite'

'Thunder Egg'

Tonalite

Trachyte

Tuff

'Uintahite'

'Ungrouped C2 chondrite meteorite'

Volcanic breccia

'Volcanic rock'

Wacke

Detailed Mineral List:

Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
Reference: Econ Geol (1996) 91:1098-1114; British Columbia Geological Survey, Minfile database.
Actinolite
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 50 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in boulders of sausserite gabbro in the San Onofre Breccia.
Reference: Woodford, A.O. (1925), The San Onofre breccia; its nature and origin: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin 15: 193; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 393.
'Actinolite-Tremolite Series'
Colour: Pale green
Description: Radiating sheaves 10 to 15 cm long.
Reference: Leo, G.W. (1967) The plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the Ben Lomond Mountain area, Santa Cruz County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 91: 41; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 399.
Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
Aegirine var. Vanadium-bearing Aegirine
Formula: Na(Fe3+,V3+)Si2O6
Reference: Deer, W. A., Howie, R.A. & Zussman, J. (1997) Rock-Forming Minerals: Single-chain Silicates, Volume 2A. Geological Society of London, 1997. 668p. (p.495)
Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Reference: Huebner, J. S., Flohr, M. J., & Grossman, J. N. (1992). Chemical fluxes and origin of a manganese carbonate-oxide-silicate deposit in bedded chert. Chemical Geology, 100(1-2), 93-118.
Aenigmatite
Formula: Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Description: Minute, prismatic phenocrysts in lavas.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 59.
Agardite-(La)
Formula: LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Reference: www.mineralsocal.org
Agardite-(Y)
Formula: YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Habit: Prismatic
Colour: Light green
Description: Occurs as crystal bundles up to 0.5 mm long with single crystals up to 0.05 mm.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 323.
Aguilarite
Formula: Ag4SeS
Reference: Rhys, D.A. (1993): Geology of the Snip mine and its relationship to the magmatic and deformational history of the Johnny Mountain area, northwestern British Columbia. The University of British Columbia, unpublished M.Sc. thesis, 1993, 278 pp.
Aktashite
Formula: Cu6Hg3As4S12
Reference: MINFILE NUMBER: 104B 008
Alabandite
Formula: MnS
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 59
Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 96 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Albite var. Anorthoclase
Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Albite var. Cleavelandite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Todd, V. R. et al. 1987. Mineral Resources of the Sawtooth Mountains and Carrizo Gorge/ Eastern McCain Valley Wilderness Study Areas, San Diego County, California. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1711-B, 26 p., maps.
Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
'Alkali Feldspar'
Reference: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20001
Allanite-(Ce)
Formula: {CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster & Jerome Stone (1957), Uranothorite near Forest Home, San Bernardino County, California: American Mineralogist: 42: 104; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 463.
'Allanite Group'
Formula: {A12+REE3+}{M13+M23+M32+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Alleghanyite
Formula: Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.39
Alloclasite
Formula: Co1-xFexAsS
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 61.
Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
Reference: g slak
'Almandine-Pyrope Series'
Description: In high-grade tectonic blocks of eclogite from New Idria serpentinite body. In high-grade tectonic blocks of garnet amphibolites from New Idria serpentinite body.
Reference: T. Tsujimori et al., Paper N° 21-6, The Geological Society of America, Joint Meeting Cordilleran Section and Pacific Section, 101st Annual Meeting, 29 April-1 May 2005, San Jose, California.
'Almandine-Spessartine Series'
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 433, 493.
'α-Arsenic Sulphide'
Formula: AsS
Reference: Roberts, A.C., Ansell, H.G., Bonardi, M. (1980) Pararealgar, a new polymorph of AsS, from British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist 18 525-527.
Altaite
Formula: PbTe
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
Aluminocopiapite
Formula: Al2/3Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Reference: SDSU Geology Department unpublished field trip guide, circa 1980.
Alum-(K)
Formula: KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Reference: Handbook of Mineralogy
Alumohydrocalcite
Formula: CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Reference: Dunning, G. E. (2000): Chromian dawsonite and chromian alumohydrocalcite from Orestimba Creek, Stanislaus County, California. Mineralogical Record 31, 333-338.
Alumohydrocalcite var. Chromium-bearing Alumohydrocalcite
Formula: Ca(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Reference: Dunning, G. E. (2000): Chromian dawsonite and chromian alumohydrocalcite from Orestimba Creek, Stanislaus County, California. Mineralogical Record 31, 333-338.
Alunite
Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: albite alunite andalusite andesine anorthite apatite biotite calcite chalcopyrite chlorite clinozoisite corundum covellite diaspore dickite dumortierite enargite epidote galena gibbsite gold hematite kaolinite K-feldspar laumonite magnetite malachite muscovite orthoclase pyrite pyrophyllite quartz “REE phosphate” rutile sericite siderite sphalerite "sulfosalt" tennantite tetradymite "tourmaline" zoisite
Alunogen
Formula: Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Colour: White
Description: Pulverulent material.
Reference: Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 3: 212; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 263.; Anthony R. Kampf & FM Locality Index Committee (1989) California Locality Index. Mineralogical Record, 20:129-142.
'Amber'
Reference: Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Amblygonite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)F
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 121.
Amesite
Formula: Mg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Amicite ?
Formula: K2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
Reference: Zach Capel
Ammonioalunite (TL)
Formula: (NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Colour: grayish white
Description: Discovered and described by Altaner et al (1988) from a single specimen in the Smithsonian Museum (NMNH 145596)
Reference: Altaner, S.P., Fitzpatrick, J.J., Krohn, M.D., Bethke, P.M., Hayba, D.O., Goss, J.A., Brown, Z.A. (1988) Ammonium in alunites. American Mineralogist: 73: 145-152.; Dunning, G.S., Cooper, J.F. (1993) History and minerals of The Geysers Sonoma County, California. The Mineralogical Record: 24(5): 339-352.
Ammoniojarosite
Formula: (NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Colour: brownish orange
Description: Found on wall rock at Devil's Pulpit
Reference: Altaner, S.P., Fitzpatrick, J.J., Krohn, M.D., Bethke, P.M., Hayba, D.O., Goss, J.A., Brown, Z.A. (1988) Ammonium in alunites. American Mineralogist: 73: 145-152.; Dunning, G.S., Cooper, J.F. (1993) History and minerals of The Geysers Sonoma County, California. The Mineralogical Record: 24(5): 339-352.
'Amphibole Asbestos'
Reference: USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10117473.
'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula: AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20001
Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 41 localities in this region.
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Anatase
Formula: TiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in altered pyroxene andesite with Hg minerals.
Reference: Erd, R.C., D.E. White, J.J. Fahey & D.E. Lee (1964), Buddingtonite, an ammonium feldspar with zeolitic water: American Mineralogist: 49: 833; White, D.E. & C.E. Roberson (1962), Sulphur Bank, California: Geological Society of America Buddington Memorial Volume: Petrologic studies: 407; White, D.E. (1967) Mercury and base-metal deposits with associated thermal and mineral waters. In: H.L. Barnes (Editor), Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits. Holt Reinhart and Winston, New York: 579; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 169.
'Anauxite'
Reference: Murdoch & Webb, 1958. Minerals of California, 2nd ed.
Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: albite alunite andalusite andesine anorthite apatite biotite calcite chalcopyrite chlorite clinozoisite corundum covellite diaspore dickite dumortierite enargite epidote galena gibbsite gold hematite kaolinite K-feldspar laumonite magnetite malachite muscovite orthoclase pyrite pyrophyllite quartz “REE phosphate” rutile sericite siderite sphalerite "sulfosalt" tennantite tetradymite "tourmaline" zoisite
Andalusite var. Chiastolite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Description: Occurs as fair-sized crystals in the "spotted" (cordierite) slates.
Reference: Funk, Benjamin Gordon (1940), What we found in the Santa Monica Mountains: Pacific Mineralogist: 6(2): 33-34; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 73; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 450.
'Andorite'
Formula: AgPbSb3S6
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
Reference: Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Andradite var. Demantoid
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Reference: [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
Andradite var. Melanite
Formula: Ca3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Ti content averages 8.65% (4.7% to 12.0%).
Reference: Pabst, Adolf (1951), Minerals of the serpentine area in San Benito County, California Rocks & Minerals: 26: 482; Moller, W.P. (1965) Minerals of southern San Benito County, California. Gems and Minerals: 331: 28-32; Howie, R.A., Wooley, A.R., Scoon, J.H., Tyler, R.C., and Walsh, J.N. (1968) The role of titanium and the effect of TiO2 on the cell size, refractive index, and specific gravity in the andradite-melanite-schorlomite series. Mineralogical Magazine: 36: 778; Isaacs, T. (1968) Titanium substitution in andradites. Chem. Geol.: 3: 219; Schwartz, K.B., Nolet, D.A., and Burns, R.G. (1980) Mössbauer spectroscopy and crystal chemistry of natural Fe-Ti garnets. American Mineralogist: 65: 144; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 498.
Andradite var. Topazolite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Reference: Pabst, Adolf (1951), Minerals of the serpentine area in San Benito County, California Rocks & Minerals: 26: 482; Moller, W.P. (1965) Minerals of southern San Benito County, California. Gems and Minerals: 331: 28-32; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 498.
Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: At K1, very rarely as 1mm transparent crystals
Reference: R. O. Meyer collection.
Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Anilite
Formula: Cu7S4
Reference: Joseph F. Cooper Jr., Gail E. Dunning, Ted A.Hadley (2003) Minerology of the Victor Claim, Clear Creek Area, New Idria District, San Benito County, California.; Dunning, G. E., Walstrom, R. E., & Lechner, W. (2018) Barium Silicate Mineralogy of the Western Margin, North American Continent, Part Geology, Origin, Paragenesis and Mineral Distribution from Baja California Norte, Mexico, Western Canada and Alaska, USA. Baymin Journal, Vol. 19, No. 5
Ankerite
Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 53 localities in this region.
Habit: 4 mm rhombs single or stacked to cm in size
Colour: white to beige
Description: Manganese predominates over magnesium
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Annabergite
Formula: Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Description: Conspicuous.
Reference: Wells, F.G. and Hawkes, H.E. (1965) Chromite deposits of Shasta, Tehama, Trinity and Humboldt counties, California. California Division Mines and Geology Bulletin 134, part 1, chapter 3: 175; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 321.
Anorthite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: albite alunite andalusite andesine anorthite apatite biotite calcite chalcopyrite chlorite clinozoisite corundum covellite diaspore dickite dumortierite enargite epidote galena gibbsite gold hematite kaolinite K-feldspar laumonite magnetite malachite muscovite orthoclase pyrite pyrophyllite quartz “REE phosphate” rutile sericite siderite sphalerite "sulfosalt" tennantite tetradymite "tourmaline" zoisite
Anorthite var. Labradorite
Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Reference: Larsen, Esper Signius and Draisin, W.M. (1948), Composition of the minerals in the rocks of the Southern California batholith. International Geologic Congress, 18th. Session, Great Britain, 1948, part 2: 66-79; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 364.
Ansermetite
Formula: Mn2+(V2O6) · 4H2O
Reference: Tony Kampf (PXRD analysis)
Anthophyllite
Formula: ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Anthophyllite asbestos.
Reference: Wiebelt, F.J. and Smith M.C. (1959) A reconnaissance of asbestos deposits of the serpentine belt of northern California. U.S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigation 7860, 52 pp.: 26; Lydon, Philip Andrew and O’Brien, J.C. (1974) Mines and mineral resources of Shasta County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 6, 154 pp.: 76; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 395.
Antigorite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Reference: Mumpton, F.A. Jaffe, H.W., and Thompson, C.S. (1965) Coalingite, a new mineral from the New Idria serpentinite, Fresno and San Benito counties, California. American Mineralogist: 50: 1908-1909.; Wise, W. S., & Moller, W. P. (1995). Geology and Mineralogy of the New Idria District: San Benito and Fresno Counties, California. Rocks & Minerals, 70(1), 30-35.
Antigorite var. Williamsite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Antimony
Formula: Sb
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Eakle, Arthur Starr (1914), Minerals of California: California Division Mines Bulletin 67, 226 pp.; […(abstract): Geol. Zentralbl., Band 27: 226 (1922)].
Antlerite
Formula: Cu3(SO4)(OH)4
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 298.
'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 62 localities in this region.
Reference: Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
'Apatite var. Collophane'
Description: Occurs as concretionary pellets in shale.
Reference: Galliher, Edgar Wayne (1931), Collophane from Miocene brown shales of California American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin: 15: 266; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 79; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 316.
'Apophyllite Group'
Formula: AB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
Reference: Sanford, Samuel & Ralph W. Stone (1914), Useful minerals of the United States: USGS Bulletin 585: 24; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geol. Bulletin 189: 80.
Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 49 localities in this region.
Reference: Renaut, R. W., Stead, D., & Owen, R. B. (1994). The saline lakes of the Fraser Plateau, British Columbia, Canada. Global Geological Record of Lake Basins, 1, 419-423.
'Aragotite' (FRL)
Formula: (C,H)
Description: Impregnates siliceous dolomite.
Reference: Durand, F.E. (1873), Description of a new mineral from the New Almaden mine: California Academy of Science Proceedings: 4: 218; Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp.: 289; Hanks, Henry Garber (1905), Notes on “aragotite,” a rare California mineral: Royal Micr. Soc. Jour., 1905: 673-676; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 83.
Arcanite (TL)
Formula: K2SO4
Type Locality:
Habit: Pseudo-hexagonal due to twinning.
Description: Found as yellow crystals in a pine railroad tie in Tunnel #1.
Reference: Eakle (1908) Bull. Dept. of Geology, Univ. of California: 5: 232. Frondel, C. (1950) Amer. Min.: 35: 596. Palache et al (1951) Dana's Sys. Min., 7th. ed.: 400.
Arfvedsonite
Formula: [Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Reference: www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.
Argentopentlandite
Formula: Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E. (2014): Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-Cu-PGE
Argyrodite
Formula: Ag8GeS6
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Arsenic
Formula: As
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Arsenolite
Formula: As2O3
Reference: Anthony, J. W. et al. (1997): Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, 24; Traill, R. J. (1980) Catalog of Canadian Minerals: Revised 1980. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 80-18.
Arsenopyrite
Formula: FeAsS
Localities: Reported from at least 166 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Arsenopyrite var. Danaite
Formula: (Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
Reference: JR Montgomery collection https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=092JNE068
Artinite
Formula: Mg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Eugene Cisneros; Dunn, P.J., D.R. Peacor and T.D. Palmer (1979) Desautelsite, a new mineral of the pyroaurite group. American Mineralogist: 64: 127-130
'Asbestos'
Localities: Reported from at least 79 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
'Asbestos var. Mountain Leather'
Reference: www.mineralsocal.org
Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Aurichalcite
Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Reference: McLaughlin, R.J., Sorg, D.H., Morton, J.L., Theodore, T.G., Meyer, C.E., Delevaux, M.H. (1985) Paragenesis and tectonic significance of base and precious metal occurrences along the San Andreas Fault at Point Delgada, California. Economic Geology, 80:2, 344-359.
Autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 91.
Awaruite
Formula: Ni3Fe
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Axinite-(Fe)
Formula: Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
'Axinite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as veinlets.
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster, Charles Wesley Chesterman & Bennie Wyatt Troxel (1961), Tephroite in California manganese deposits: Economic Geology: 56: 58; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 508.
Axinite-(Mn)
Formula: Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Reference: Rocks & Min.:61:33-34.
Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 55 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Baddeleyite
Formula: ZrO2
Habit: Prismatic; semi-radiating groups
Colour: Colourless
Fluorescence: Strong green fluorescence & phosphorescence (UV)
Description: Occurs as small (0.4 x 0.1 x 0.01 mm) prismatic crystals closely associated with perovskite and melanite.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 176.
Banalsite
Formula: Na2BaAl4Si4O16
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 362.
Baotite
Formula: Ba4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Description: Occurs replacing benitoite.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 467.; William S. Wise (1982) Strontiojoaquinite and bario-orthojoaquinite: two new members of the joaquinite group . American Mineralogist 67:809-81
Bario-orthojoaquinite (TL)
Formula: (Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
Habit: Steep bipyramidal, truncated by the basal pinacoid.
Colour: Unknown
Description: Occurs in natrolite-filled veins cutting blueschist. Veins occur below the benitoite-neptunite joaquinite. Crystals to 8 mm long.
Reference: Wise, W.S. (1982) Strontiojoaquinite and bario-orthojoaquinite: two new members of the joaquinite group. American Mineralogist: 67: 809-816.; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 470.
Barioperovskite (TL)
Formula: BaTiO3
Type Locality:
Habit: Unknown
Colour: Unknown
Reference: IMA website - Proposals approved in January 2007
'Barkevikite'
Reference: Eckel, Edwin Butt & W.B. Myers (1946), Quicksilver deposits of the New Idria district, San Benito and Fresno Counties, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 91; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 69.
Barringerite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)2P
Reference: Nazarov, M. A., Kurat, G., Brandstaetter, F., Ntaflos, T., Chaussidon, M., & Hoppe, P. (2009). Phosphorus-bearing sulfides and their associations in CM chondrites. Petrology, 17(2), 101-123.
Bartonite (TL)
Formula: K6Fe20S26S
Type Locality:
Colour: Blackish brown
Description: Anhedral masses to several mm diameter intergrown with pyrrhotite.
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., R.C. Erd, B.F. Leonard & J.R. Clark (1981), Bartonite, a new potassium iron sulfide mineral: American Mineralogist: 66: 369-375; Fleischer, M. (1979) New Mineral Names. Bartonite. American Mineralogist: 64: 241; Evans, H.T. and J.R. Clark (1981) The crystal structure of bartonite, a potassium iron sulfide and its relationship to pentlandite and djerfisherite. American Mineralogist: 66: 376-384; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 67; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 103 localities in this region.
Reference: Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
Barytolamprophyllite
Formula: (Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Description: Occurs in the mafic alkalic host rock.
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., B.F. Leonard & J.R. Clark (1980), Erdite, a new hydrated sodium iron sulfide mineral: American Mineralogist: 65: 510; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 473.
'Bastnäsite'
Formula: (Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Bavenite
Formula: Ca4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Description: Reported as "Pilinite."
Reference: Bailey, Edgar H. & Donald L. Everhart (1964), Geology and quicksilver deposits of the New Almaden district, Santa Clara County, California: USGS PP 360: 102; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 289.
Bayldonite
Formula: PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2
Description: Reported as "Cuproplumbite."
Reference: Tucker, W. Burling (1924a), Imperial, Inyo, Kern, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Ventura Counties: California Mining Bureau. Report 20: 195; Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 200; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 164.
Becquerelite
Formula: Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
Reference: Dickinson, Kendell A.; Leventhal, Joel S. (1988) The geology, carbonaceous materials, and origin of the epigenetic uranium deposits in the Tertiary Sespe Formation in Ventura County, California. USGS Bull 1771.
Beidellite
Formula: (Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Habit: Tabular
Colour: Waxy-white
Description: Occurs as subhedral, tabular micro-crystals.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 440.
Bementite
Formula: Mn7Si6O15(OH)8
Localities: Reported from at least 69 localities in this region.
Reference: Huntting, M. (1956): Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metallic Minerals, Vol. 1; Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.56; Lasmanis, R. Et Al (1990): Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report
Benitoite (TL)
Formula: BaTi(Si3O9)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Habit: Euhedral and anhedral crystals
Colour: Colorless, sapphire-blue.
Fluorescence: Blue (SW UV)
Description: Occurs as crystals attached to vein walls in natrolite-filled veins.
Reference: Louderback, George Davis & Walter C. Blasdale (1909), Benitoite, its mineralogy, paragenesis and mode of occurrence: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 5: 331; Louderback, George Davis & Walter C. Blasdale (1907), Benitoite, a new California gem mineral, with chemical analysis by Walter C. Blasdale: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 5: 149-153; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 102; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 372, 466; Wise, W.S & Gill, R.H. (1977): Minerals of the Benitoite Gem mine. Mineralogical Record 8, 442-452.
Berthierine
Formula: (Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4
Berthierite
Formula: FeSb2S4
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Bertrandite
Formula: Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Reference: Peter Cristofono 25/Feb/04
Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Localities: Reported from at least 24 localities in this region.
Reference: Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Beryl var. Aquamarine
Formula: Be3Al2Si6O18
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Beryl var. Emerald
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Reference: Aaron J. Celestian and Richard Edley (2020) New Emerald Locality in Southern California. Gems & Gemology 56(4), p. 542-543.
Beryl var. Goshenite
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Reference: Todd, V. R. et al. (1987) Mineral Resources of the Sawtooth Mountains and Carrizo Gorge/ Eastern McCain Valley Wilderness Study Areas, San Diego County, California. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1711-B, 26 p., maps.
Beryl var. Morganite
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Beudantite
Formula: PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Reference: Gomi, A. (2001) Suisyou (Quartz), 50, #3, 173-180.
Bieberite
Formula: CoSO4 · 7H2O
Colour: Pale rose-red
Description: Occurs in small amounts as a powder on pyrrhotite with other alteration products of the pyrrhotite.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 507; Landon, Robert Emmanuel (1927), Roemerite from California: American Mineralogist: 12: 279-283; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 104; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 270.
Bílinite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Reference: Livingston, J. D., Murphy, W. M., Miller, R. M., & Ayars, E. J. (2005, December). Acid Mine Drainage and Metal Sulfate Minerals in the Shasta Mining District, California. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2005, pp. V43B-1570).
'Bindheimite'
Formula: Pb2Sb2O6O
Reference: Richard Gunter personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 92 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Birnessite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Reference: Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
Bismuth
Formula: Bi
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Bismuthinite
Formula: Bi2S3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Tucker, W. Burling & Reid J. Sampson (1931), Los Angeles Field Division; 27th Report of the State Mineralogist; San Bernardino County: California Mining Bureau. Report 27: 297; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 107.
Bismutite
Formula: (BiO)2CO3
Colour: Green
Description: Occurs as needles 1/8 to ¾ inches (0.5 to 2.0 cm) long.
Reference: Tucker, W. Burling (1921), Los Angeles field division: California Mining Bureau. Report 17: 374; Hess, Frank L. & Esper S. Larsen (1922), Contact-metamorphic tungsten deposits of the United States: USGS Bulletin 725: 261; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 234.
Blödite
Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Renaut, R. W., Stead, D., & Owen, R. B. (1994). The saline lakes of the Fraser Plateau, British Columbia, Canada. Global Geological Record of Lake Basins, 1, 419-423.
'Bloodstone'
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Sterrett, Douglas Bovard (1911), Gems and precious stones. Mineral Resources of the United States for 1910, part 2; Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey: 872; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 318.
Böhmite
Formula: AlO(OH)
Reference: Allen, Victor T. (1946), Some United States boehmite localities: (abstract) Geological Society of America Bulletin: 57: 1173; Engel, R., T.E. Gay, and B.L. Rogers (1959) Mineral deposits of Lake Elsinore quadrangle, California California Division Mines and Geology Bulletin 146: 77-95; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 108; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 144; Anthony, J. W. et al. (1997): Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. 3, 70.
Bonattite
Formula: CuSO4 · 3H2O
Reference: Canadian Mineralogist: 7: 245-252.
Boothite (TL)
Formula: CuSO4 · 7H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 505; Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 3: 207; Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1905b), Mineralogical notes: USGS Bulletin 262: 123; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 296.; Anthony R. Kampf & FM Locality Index Committee (1989) California Locality Index. Mineralogical Record, 20:129-142.
Borax
Formula: Na2(B4O5)(OH)4 · 8H2O
Reference: www.mineralsocal.org
Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Localities: Reported from at least 100 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Bornite var. Silver-bearing Bornite
Formula: (Cu,Ag)5FeS4
Description: Wittichenite inclusions
Reference: I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992
Botryogen
Formula: MgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
Reference: Min.Rec.: 20:427-434.
Boulangerite
Formula: Pb5Sb4S11
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Habit: Rings stacked in Tubes!!! more usually cm sized patches of wispey hairs, sometimes overgrown with freieslebenite.
Colour: Steel grey. Half micron thick walls on tubes transmit red light just like tubulite.
Description: Tubes of Boulangerite to near mm in length. One of these tubes was probed by Moelo who found 'Owyheeite' which was what they were calling tubulite at the time
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Bournonite
Formula: PbCuSbS3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Habit: Tabular prisms and cogwheel twins to 3 mm
Colour: dull to lustrous steel grey
Description: Typical bournonite
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Boussingaultite
Formula: (NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Description: Occurs particulary abundant under the overhanging rock in the main creek about 70 meters S of Devil's Pulpit. Occurs as crusts and stalactites with other sulphate minerals.
Reference: Goldsmith, E. (1877), On boussingaultite and other minerals from Sonoma County, California: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Proceedings: 28: 264; Allen, Eugene T. & Arthur L. Day (1927), Steam wells and other thermal activity at “The Geysers,” California: Carnegie Institute Washington Publication 378: 45;Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at “The Geysers,” Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 289; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 399; Smith, Robert Leland (1958), Some new occurrences of sassolite in the United States: American Mineralogist: 43: 1204-1205; Dunning, Gail E. and J.F. Cooper (1969a) Letovicite from The Geysers, Sonoma County, California. California Division Mines and Geology Mineral Information Service: 22: 135; American Mineralogist (1970): 55: 2103-2104; Mineralogical Record (1993): 24: 349.
Brannerite
Formula: UTi2O6
Description: Occurs in minor amounts as nodular masses in biotite and in shear zones in gneiss.
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster, Stone, J., and Levine, H. (1957) Brannerite from San Bernardino County, California. American Mineralogist: 42: 30-38; Dibblee, T.W., Jr. (1967b) Geologic map of the Old Woman Spring quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California. USGS Miscellaneous Geological Investigation Map I-518, with text: 4; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 180.
Braunite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Description: an important ore mineral
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.62
Breithauptite
Formula: NiSb
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 66.
'Brewsterite' ?
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 114, 173; Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.51
Brochantite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: JAMBOR, J. L. (1976): Geology and hydrothermal alteration at the Maggie porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit, South-central British Columbia
Bromargyrite
Formula: AgBr
Reference: Wright, L.A., et al (1953), Mines and mineral resources of San Bernardino County, California: California Journal of Mines and Geology: 49(1-2): tabulated list No. 299: 96, 138; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 196.
Brookite
Formula: TiO2
Reference: Personal collection of J. Dagenais
Brucite
Formula: Mg(OH)2
Reference: Mumpton, F.A. Jaffe, H.W., and Thompson, C.S. (1965) Coalingite, a new mineral from the New Idria serpentinite, Fresno and San Benito counties, California. American Mineralogist: 50: 1908-1909.; Dunn, P.J., D.R. Peacor and T.D. Palmer (1979) Desautelsite, a new mineral of the pyroaurite group. American Mineralogist: 64: 127-130; Wise, W. S., & Moller, W. P. (1995). Geology and Mineralogy of the New Idria District: San Benito and Fresno Counties, California. Rocks & Minerals, 70(1), 30-35.
Buddingtonite (TL)
Formula: (NH4)(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as a hydrothermal product in compact masses resulting from the action of ammonia-bearing hot springs on older rocks; pseudomorphs after plagioclase; largely in altered pyroxene andesite. Occasionally as small crystals.
Reference: Erd, R.C., D.E. White, J.J. Fahey & D.E. Lee (1964), Buddingtonite, an ammonium feldspar with zeolitic water: American Mineralogist: 49: 831, 833; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 279, 360.
Bustamite
Formula: CaMn2+(Si2O6)
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.62
Calaverite
Formula: AuTe2
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance, Giles Peatfield
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 427 localities in this region.
Habit: Rhombohedral
Description: Occurs as large rhombohedra.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 118.
Calcite var. Cobalt-bearing Calcite
Formula: (Ca,Co)CO3
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
Calcite var. Limestone Onyx
Formula: CaCO3
Reference: USGS: Mineral Res. of the US (1908)
Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite
Formula: (Ca,Mn)CO3
Reference: ```Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metalic Minerals, Vol. 1; M. Huntting, 1956; Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; R. Derkey, N. Joseph, R. Lasmanis, 1990
'Calcite Group'
Formula: AXO3
Reference: G.E. Ray and I.C.L. Webster (2007): Geology and Chemistry of the Low Ti Magnetite-bearing Heff Cu-Au Skarn and its Associated Plutonic Rocks, Heffley Lake, South-Central British Columbia. Exploration and Mining Geology 16, 159-186.
Calderite
Formula: Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Reference: Richard Gaines e.a. (1997) Dana's New Mineralogy, p. 1044
Calomel
Formula: [Hg2]2+Cl2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Colour: White
Description: Occurs as coatings on metacinnabar.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 262.
Cancrinite
Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Habit: prismatic
Colour: cololress
Fluorescence: not observed
Description: Miarole filling associated with natrolite and pectolite.
Reference: W. S. Wise (2006) research at UCSB; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
Carnotite
Formula: K2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as an alteration product of uraninite.
Reference: Saul, R.B., Evans, J.R., and Gray, C.H. (1970) Mines and mineral resources of Riverside County. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 9. Unpublished manuscript: 1209; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 326.
Carpathite
Formula: C24H12
Reference: Chuck Trantham specimen
Carrollite
Formula: CuCo2S4
Reference: Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Caryopilite
Formula: Mn2+3Si2O5(OH)4
Reference: Handbook of Mineralogy
Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
Reference: Minfile Database (2017)
'CCUK-14'
Formula: Hg-Si-O
Reference: Dunning, G.E., Hadley, T.A., Magnasco, J., Christy, A.G., Cooper, J.F., Jr. (2015): The Clear Creek Mine. The Mineralogical Record: 36: 337-363.
'CCUK-8'
Formula: (Hg, CrO4, S, H2O)?
Reference: Dunning, G.E., Hadley, T.A., Magnasco, J., Christy, A.G., Cooper, J.F., Jr. (2015): The Clear Creek Mine. The Mineralogical Record: 36: 337-363.
Celadonite
Formula: K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Known as single specimen only. Pinkish cleavages tending to yellowish flattened rhombs, closely resembling calcite
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Celsian
Formula: Ba(Al2Si2O8)
Reference: British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Geological Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1, pp. 15-22
Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
Reference: McLaughlin, R.J., Sorg, D.H., Morton, J.L., Theodore, T.G., Meyer, C.E., Delevaux, M.H. (1985) Paragenesis and tectonic significance of base and precious metal occurrences along the San Andreas Fault at Point Delgada, California. Economic Geology, 80:2, 344-359.
Cerussite var. Silver-bearing Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3 with Ag
Reference: Weber, F.H., Jr. (1963a) Mines and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 3, 309 pp.: 272; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 234.
Cervantite
Formula: Sb3+Sb5+O4
Localities:
Reference: Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 596.
Cesanite
Formula: Na3Ca2(SO4)3(OH)
Reference: Livingston, J. D., Murphy, W. M., Miller, R. M., & Ayars, E. J. (2005, December). Acid Mine Drainage and Metal Sulfate Minerals in the Shasta Mining District, California. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2005, pp. V43B-1570).
'Chabazite'
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
Reference: Paul Gilmore collection
Chabazite-Ca
Formula: (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Chalcanthite
Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Gunnar Färber
Chalcoalumite
Formula: CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
Reference: [MinRec 15:92]
Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Localities: Reported from at least 77 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Chalcophyllite
Formula: Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Reference: Personal collection of John Dagenais; Mauthner, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks & Minerals 81:14-22
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 693 localities in this region.
Reference: Aubury, Lewis E. (1902), The copper resources of California: California Mining Bureau Bulletin 23: 148; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 133.
Chalcopyrite var. Blister Copper
Formula: CuFeS2
Reference: Logan, Clarence August (1918), Platinum and allied metals in California: California Mining Bureau. Bulletin 85, 120 pp.: 93; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 43.
Chalcostibite
Formula: CuSbS2
Reference: University of Toronto Studies, Geological Series, Contributions to Mineralogy, No.49, 1944 Antimony Minerals from British Columbia and Yukon, by H.V.Warren & R.M.Thompson p78 personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://data.geology.gov.yk.ca/Occurrence/12811#InfoTab
Chamosite
Formula: (Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Chengdeite
Formula: Ir3Fe
Reference: Alfredo Petrov, SEM/EDS results October 2018.
Chessexite
Formula: (Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Reference: Livingston, J. D., Murphy, W. M., Miller, R. M., & Ayars, E. J. (2005, December). Acid Mine Drainage and Metal Sulfate Minerals in the Shasta Mining District, California. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2005, pp. V43B-1570).
Chlorargyrite
Formula: AgCl
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: British Columbia Geological Survey, Minfile database.
Chlorargyrite var. Bromian Chlorargyrite
Formula: Ag(Cl,Br)
Reference: Storms, William H. (1893), Los Angeles, San Bernardino, San Diego Counties: California Mining Bureau. Report 11: 367; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 174.
'Chlorite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 151 localities in this region.
Reference: MINFILE No 103H 034
Chloritoid
Formula: (Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
Chondrodite
Formula: Mg5(SiO4)2F2
Reference: Leo, G.W. (1967) The plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the Ben Lomond Mountain area, Santa Cruz County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 91: 41; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 461.
'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'
Description: Occurs as anhedral to euhedral crystals. An important constituent of the rocks.
Reference: Himmelberg, G.R. and Coleman, R.G. (1968) Chemistry of primary minerals and rocks from the Red Mountain-Del Puerto ultramafic mass, California. USGS Prof. Paper 600-C: 20-24; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 148.
Chromite
Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 843 localities in this region.
Description: A small deposit.
Reference: Huguenin, Emile (1919), Santa Barbara, Ventura Counties: California Division Mines Report 15: 735; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 142.
Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Localities: Reported from at least 45 localities in this region.
Reference: McLaughlin, R.J., Sorg, D.H., Morton, J.L., Theodore, T.G., Meyer, C.E., Delevaux, M.H. (1985) Paragenesis and tectonic significance of base and precious metal occurrences along the San Andreas Fault at Point Delgada, California. Economic Geology, 80:2, 344-359.
'Chrysoprase'
Reference: Kunz, G.F. (1883) American gems and precious stones.; Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Chrysotile
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 41 localities in this region.
Description: Short-fiber.
Reference: Mumpton, F.A. Jaffe, H.W., and Thompson, C.S. (1965) Coalingite, a new mineral from the New Idria serpentinite, Fresno and San Benito counties, California. American Mineralogist: 50: 1908-1909; Woodmansee, W.C. (1973) The mineral industry of California: Reprint from 1971. U.S. Bureau of Mines Minerals Yearbook, 50 pp.: 19-20; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 422.; Wise, W. S., & Moller, W. P. (1995). Geology and Mineralogy of the New Idria District: San Benito and Fresno Counties, California. Rocks & Minerals, 70(1), 30-35.
Cinnabar
Formula: HgS
Localities: Reported from at least 321 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
Claudetite
Formula: As2O3
Description: May be arsenolite (NOTE: This logic is questioned since claudetite is monoclinic and arsenolite is isometric). Occurs as crusts of well-formed monoclinic crystals. (NOTE: This material was re-examined and found to be arsenolite (octahedral crystals).
Reference: Landon, Robert Emmanuel (1927), Roemerite from California: American Mineralogist: 12: 279-283; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 151.
'Clays'
Localities: Reported from at least 73 localities in this region.
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Clinobisvanite
Formula: Bi(VO4)
Reference: Foord, E. E. (1996), Clinobisvanite, eulytite, and namibite from the Pala pegmatite district, San Diego Co., California, USA. Mineralogical Magazine 60, 387.
Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Localities: Reported from at least 50 localities in this region.
Reference: Wise, W. S., & Moller, W. P. (1995). Geology and Mineralogy of the New Idria District: San Benito and Fresno Counties, California. Rocks & Minerals, 70(1), 30-35.
Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
Formula: Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Localities: Reported from at least 31 localities in this region.
Reference: Wells, F.G., Cater, F.W., and Rynearson, G.A. (1946), Chromite deposits of Del Norte County, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, pt. 1, chap. 1: 60-61; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 433.
Clinochlore var. Pennine
Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Reference: Symons, Henry Heilbronner (1945), Accessions to the exhibit: California Division Mines Report 42: 101; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 137.
Clinochlore var. Sheridanite
Formula: (Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
'Clinochrysotile'
Colour: Green to black
Description: Occurs massive, bladed.
Reference: Page, N.J. and Coleman, R.G. (1967) Serpentine mineral analyses and physical properties. USGS Professional Paper 575-B: 104; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 143, 422.
Clinohumite
Formula: Mg9(SiO4)4F2
Reference: Wise, Wm. S. (1959), An occurrence of geikielite: American Mineralogist : 44: 879-882; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 460.
'Clinoptilolite'
Formula: M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.
Reference: Ernst, W.G. and C.A. Hall (1975) Feldspathic geodes near Black Mountain, western San Luis Obispo County, California. American Mineralogist: 60: 1105-1112
Clinoptilolite-Ca
Formula: Ca3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Reference: Wise, W.S. and Tschernich, R.W. (1976): Dachiardite-bearing zeolite assemblages in the Pacific Northwest, in: Sand, L.B. and Mumpton, F. (eds.): Natural Zeolites Occurrence, Properties, Use. Pergamon Press (Oxford, New York), pp. 105-111.
Clinoptilolite-Na
Formula: Na6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Habit: As equant crystals of simple morphology; {100} dominant, with {010} smaller, terminated by {101} and {011}.
Colour: colorless to orange to reddish
Fluorescence: none
Description: Occurs as clusters of crystals to 2mm, frequently on a thin crust of chalcedony, often in association with Ferrierite-Mg. Analysis indicates that it is distinctly Na-dominant, with Na>Mg>Ca>K>Ba>Sr
Reference: Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.254
'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Clinozoisite
Formula: {Ca2}{Al3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: Government of British Columbia, Ministry of Energy, Mines, and Petroleum. “MINFILE Record Summary 0921SW012.” 2006. 3 Sept. 2006.
Coalingite (TL)
Formula: Mg10Fe3+2(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O
Description: Occurs in the surface weathering zone of the New Idria deposits. Occurs as individual plates almost invariably intergrown with chrysotile or hydrotalcite.
Reference: Mumpton, F.A. Jaffe, H.W., and Thompson, C.S. (1965) Coalingite, a new mineral from the New Idria serpentinite, Fresno and San Benito counties, California. American Mineralogist: 50: 1893-1913; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 198.
Cobaltite
Formula: CoAsS
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Thompson, R. M. (1951) Mineral Occurrences in Western Canada, Am Min, 36, p. 504-509; BC Minfile personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Cobaltpentlandite
Formula: Co9S8
Reference: California Geology: 48(5):119
Colemanite
Formula: Ca[B3O4(OH)3] · H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 154.
Columbite-(Fe)
Formula: Fe2+Nb2O6
Reference: Phil Osborn collection, circa 1981.
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.; Fisher, J. (2011) Mines and Minerals of the Southern California Pegmatite Province. Rocks & Minerals: 86: 14-34.
Columbite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Nb2O6
Reference: Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951) Gem and lithium bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines Special Report 7A: 72 p.
Conichalcite
Formula: CaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Reference: MINFILE No 092INE023
Cookeite
Formula: (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Reference: San Diego Mining Company (1998), Sly Rick lode field analysis and valuable mineral discovery, Jan.
Cooperite
Formula: PtS
Reference: Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Copiapite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Habit: Acicular
Colour: Yellow
Description: Needles.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 626; Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 3: 214; Larsen, Esper Signius (1921), The microscopic determination of nonopaque minerals: USGS Bulletin 679, 294 pp.: 61; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 274.; Anthony R. Kampf & FM Locality Index Committee (1989) California Locality Index. Mineralogical Record, 20:129-142.
Copper
Formula: Cu
Localities: Reported from at least 80 localities in this region.
Habit: flakes; arborecent masses to 2"by 4"
Reference: Huntting, M. (1956): Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metallic Minerals, Vol. 1; Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.77; Lasmanis, R. Et Al (1990): Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report
Copper var. Nickel-bearing Copper
Formula: (Cu,Ni,Fe)
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2013), Lonny Hodges specimens
'Copper Stain'
Reference: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20005
Coquimbite
Formula: AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Mineralogical Record 22:381-382; Nordstrom, D. K. and Alpers, C. N. (1999): Negative pH, efflorescent mineralogy, and consequences for environmental restauration at the Iron Mountain Superfund site, California. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 96, 3455-3462.; Majzlan, J., Alpers, C. N., Koch, C. B., McCleskey, R. B., Myneni, S. C., & Neil, J. M. (2011). Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 284(3), 296-305.
Cordierite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster, Stone, J., and Levine, H. (1957) Brannerite from San Bernardino County, California. American Mineralogist: 42: 30-38.
Corrensite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Colour: Specimens are mostly gray in color, some showing a light lavender color, and some showing royal blue cores.
Fluorescence: Fluorescent
Reference: Shawn Underwood Collection
Corundum var. Ruby
Formula: Al2O3
Habit: hexagonal crystals
Colour: pink, red
Description: crystals in matrix up to 26 mm long
Reference: Shepherd, H. V. (2010, March). Zr-in-rutile Thermometry of a Ruby-bearing Metamorphic Rock, Cascade Canyon, San Bernardino County, CA. In Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, (Vol. 42, No. 1, p. 160).
Corundum var. Sapphire
Formula: Al2O3
Reference: Eaton, A. L. 1946. Pomona club collects at mineralized Cascade Canyon. The Desert Magazine, Volume 9 Number 10, August. Desert Press, Inc. El Centro, California, p. 31, 40pp.
Cosalite
Formula: Pb2Bi2S5
Description: In polished section only
Reference: Minfile Number 104B 250; Rhys, D.A. (1993): Geology of the Snip mine and its relationship to the magmatic and deformational history of the Johnny Mountain area, northwestern British Columbia. The University of British Columbia, unpublished M.Sc. thesis, 1993, 278 pp.
Coulsonite
Formula: Fe2+V3+2O4
Description: Occurs as minute grains in magnetite in contact rock.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 152.
Covellite
Formula: CuS
Localities: Reported from at least 40 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Cowlesite
Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O
Reference: Micro Probe Vol. 7 No. 5 Spring '92
Coyoteite (TL)
Formula: NaFe3S5 · 2H2O
Type Locality:
Colour: Black
Description: Small grains (only a few found).
Reference: Erd, R.C. and G.K. Czamanske (1981) Orickite and coyoteite, two new sulfide minerals, American Mineralogist; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 67; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
Crednerite
Formula: CuMnO2
Habit: microscopic, platy crystals
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.79
Cristobalite
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: www.mineralsocal.org
Crocoite
Formula: PbCr6+O4
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 348, 648, 898.; Cal Div of Mines & Geo Bulletin 189 " Minerals of California"
'Crossite'
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in schist boulders of the San Onofre Breccia.
Reference: Woodford, A.O. (1925), The San Onofre breccia; its nature and origin: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin 15: 186; Reed, Ralph Daniel (1928), A siliceous shale formation from southern California: Journal of Geology: 36: 347; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 69, 70.
Cubanite
Formula: CuFe2S3
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Habit: needles!
Colour: metallic yellow
Fluorescence: none
Description: Micro acicular and needle-like crystals in epitaxi on tetrahedrite
Reference: http://www.canadianrockhound.com/2002/01/cr0206105_topten.html
Cummingtonite
Formula: ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Colour: Colorless
Description: Occurs as microscopic patches and fibrous, radiating aggregates in the gabbro.
Reference: Leo, G.W. (1967) The plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the Ben Lomond Mountain area, Santa Cruz County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 91: 34; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 395.
Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Localities: Reported from at least 43 localities in this region.
Habit: crusts
Reference: Huntting, M. (1956): Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metallic Minerals, Vol. 1; Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.77,80; Lasmanis, R. Et Al (1990): Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report
Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite
Formula: Cu2O
Reference: `Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metalic Minerals, Vol. 1; M. Huntting, 1956; Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, p.80, 1975; Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; R. Derkey, N. Joseph, R. Lasmanis, 1990.
Cuproiridsite
Formula: (Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Reference: In the collection of Brent Thorne. Microprobe analyzed by Cureton Minerals.
Cupropolybasite (TL)
Formula: [Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Type Locality:
Reference: Bindi, L., Evain, M., Spry, P.G., Tait, K.T., Menchetti, S. (2007) Structural role of copper in the minerals of the pearceite-polybasite group: the case of the new minerals cupropearcite and cupropolybasite. Mineralogical Magazine, 71, 641-650.
Cuprosklodowskite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(SiO3OH]2 · 6H2O
Colour: Pale yellow-green
Reference: Saul, R.B., Evans, J.R., and Gray, C.H. (1970) Mines and mineral resources of Riverside County. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 9. Unpublished manuscript: 1209; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 303, 516.
Cuprotungstite
Formula: Cu2(WO4)(OH)2
Reference: Alfredo Petrov specimen
Cyanochroite
Formula: K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Reference: TRAILL, R.J. (1983): A catalogue of Canadian minerals, Geological Survey of Canada Paper
Cymrite
Formula: BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O
Reference: Essene, J. (1967). An occurrence of cymrite in the Franciscan Formation, California. The American Mineralogist, 52, 1885-1890.
Dachiardite-Ca
Formula: (Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Reference: Micro Probe Volume IX Number 3
Dachiardite-Na
Formula: (Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
'Dachiardite Subgroup'
Reference: Houseley, Bob (2013)
Danalite
Formula: Be3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Danburite
Formula: CaB2Si2O8
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Datolite
Formula: CaB(SiO4)(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as a finely crystalline crust on cavities in shale; as well-formed minute crystals of two distinct crystal habits and associated with howlite masses, and occasionally coated by celestine crystals.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph (1962), Bakerite crystals: American Mineralogist: 47: 919-923; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 71, 95, 122; Pemberton, H. Earl (1968) The minerals of the Sterling borax mine, Los Angeles County, California. Mineral Explorer 3, No. 1, 10 pp.: 8, 9; Masimer, G.E. (1966) Tick Canyon revisited. Gems and Minerals: 347: 20-23; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 509; www.mineralsocal.org.
Datolite var. Bakerite
Formula: Ca4(H5B5Si3O20)
Description: Occurs as a finely crystalline crust on cavities in shale; as well-formed minute crystals of two distinct crystal habits and associated with howlite masses, and occasionally coated by celestine crystals.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph (1962), Bakerite crystals: American Mineralogist: 47: 919-923; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 71, 95, 122; Pemberton, H. Earl (1968) The minerals of the Sterling borax mine, Los Angeles County, California. Mineral Explorer 3, No. 1, 10 pp.: 8, 9; Masimer, G.E. (1966) Tick Canyon revisited. Gems and Minerals: 347: 20-23; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 509; www.mineralsocal.org.
Daubréeite
Formula: BiO(OH)
Reference: Dr. Frank Keutsch specimen (microinclusion in awaruite nugget)
Dawsonite
Formula: NaAlCO3(OH)2
Reference: Dunning, G. E. (2000): Chromian dawsonite and chromian alumohydrocalcite from Orestimba Creek, Stanislaus County, California. Mineralogical Record 31, 333-338.
Dawsonite var. Chromium-bearing Dawsonite
Formula: Na(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
Reference: Dunning, G. E. (2000): Chromian dawsonite and chromian alumohydrocalcite from Orestimba Creek, Stanislaus County, California. Mineralogical Record 31, 333-338.
Deerite (TL)
Formula: (Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Agrell, S.O. (1964), Deerite, howieite, and zussmanite, three new minerals from the Franciscan of the Laytonville district, Mendocino County, California (title only), Am. Min.: 49.; Wood, R. W. (1979) The iron-rich blueschist facies minerals: 2. Howieite. Mineralogical Magazine 43:363-370.; Robert Muir Wood (1982) The Laytonville Quarry (Mendocino County California) Exotic Block: Iron-rich Blueschist-Facies Subduction-Zone Metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine 45:87-99.
Delindeite
Formula: (Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Reference: John Veevaert Collection
Desautelsite
Formula: Mg6Mn3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Reference: Dunn, P.J., D.R. Peacor and T.D. Palmer (1979) Desautelsite, a new mineral of the pyroaurite group. American Mineralogist: 64: 127-130; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 199.
'Deweylite'
Formula: Mg4Si3O10 · 6H2O ?
Description: Occurs as crusts.
Reference: Rogers, Austin Flint (1912b), Notes on rare minerals from California: Columbia University, School of Mines Quarterly: 33: 380; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 167.
Diadochite
Formula: Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1013; Rogers, Austin Flint (1938a), Diadochite, a mineraloid from the New Idria mine, San Benito County, California: 178; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 312.
Diamond
Formula: C
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as minute stones with finely divided platinum.
Reference: Hanks, Henry Garber (1870), Diamonds in California: Mining and Scientific Press: 20: 162; Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp.: 310; Kunz, George Frederick (1905a), Gems, jewelers’ materials, and ornamental stones of California: California Division Mines Bulletin 37, 171 pp.: 44; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 54.
Diaphorite
Formula: Ag3Pb2Sb3S8
Habit: Terminated prisms , ocassionally twinned to several mm
Colour: black, often with irridescent tarnish
Description: At least three terminal forms that distinguish it from freieslebenite. Close to Brogniardite.
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
Reference: albite alunite andalusite andesine anorthite apatite biotite calcite chalcopyrite chlorite clinozoisite corundum covellite diaspore dickite dumortierite enargite epidote galena gibbsite gold hematite kaolinite K-feldspar laumonite magnetite malachite muscovite orthoclase pyrite pyrophyllite quartz “REE phosphate” rutile sericite siderite sphalerite "sulfosalt" tennantite tetradymite "tourmaline" zoisite
Dickite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: albite alunite andalusite andesine anorthite apatite biotite calcite chalcopyrite chlorite clinozoisite corundum covellite diaspore dickite dumortierite enargite epidote galena gibbsite gold hematite kaolinite K-feldspar laumonite magnetite malachite muscovite orthoclase pyrite pyrophyllite quartz “REE phosphate” rutile sericite siderite sphalerite "sulfosalt" tennantite tetradymite "tourmaline" zoisite
Dienerite (TL)
Formula: Ni3As
Type Locality:
Description: Minute inclusions in a sample of josephinite (awaruite).
Reference: Bonazzi, P., Bindi, L. (2021): Structural and chemical characterization of Dienerite, Ni3As, and its revalidation as mineralogical species. The Canadian Mineralogist: 59(6): 1887–1898.
Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Reference: Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 55 localities in this region.
Reference: Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15.; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Diopside var. Chromium-bearing Diopside
Formula: Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Reference: Diller, J.S. (1919) Recent studies of domestic chromite deposits. A.I.M.E. Bulletin 153: 1995; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 388.
Diopside var. Diallage
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 308.
Diopside var. Violan
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 308.
Djerfisherite
Formula: K6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., M.A. Lamphere, R.C. Erd & M.C. Blake (1978) Age measurement of potassium-bearing sulfide minerals by the 40Ar/39Ar technique: Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.: 40: 107-110; Czamanske, G.K., R.C. Erd, M.N. Sokolova, M.G. Dobovol’skaya & M.T. Dmitrieva (1979), New data on rasvumite and djerfisherite: American Mineralogist: 64: 776-778; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 67; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254; www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.;
Djurleite
Formula: Cu31S16
Reference: www.benitoitemine.com; Dunning, G. E., Walstrom, R. E., & Lechner, W. (2018) Barium Silicate Mineralogy of the Western Margin, North American Continent, Part Geology, Origin, Paragenesis and Mineral Distribution from Baja California Norte, Mexico, Western Canada and Alaska, USA. Baymin Journal, Vol. 19, No. 5
Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 74 localities in this region.
Reference: Renaut, R. W., Stead, D., & Owen, R. B. (1994). The saline lakes of the Fraser Plateau, British Columbia, Canada. Global Geological Record of Lake Basins, 1, 419-423.
Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite
Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1077.
Dravite ?
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Reference: Osborn, P. (2006) Personal communication between Philip Osborn, Hemet CA. (discoverer/owner) and Scott L. Ritchie, SDMC; 07/25.
'Dravite-Schorl Series' ?
Reference: Osborn, P. (2006) Personal communication between Philip Osborn, Hemet CA. (discoverer/owner) and Scott L. Ritchie, SDMC; 07/25.
Dumortierite
Formula: Al(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
Dypingite
Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
Colour: White
Description: Occurs as micro-spherules.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 199, 201.
Dyscrasite
Formula: Ag3Sb
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Eckermannite ?
Formula: NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Description: Need to be checked if it can be assigned to eckermannite according to the redefinition by IMA (IMA2013-136).
Reference: www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/doc/abstracts/cm5_Vol36_Oct98.pdf.
Edgarbaileyite
Formula: [Hg2]2+3[Si2O7]
Reference: Mineral. Record, 21, 215{220.
Edingtonite
Formula: Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 114, 173; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 373; Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.51
Eglestonite
Formula: [Hg2]2+3OCl3(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Colour: Yellow
Description: Occurs as fracture fillings in calcite.
Reference: Bailey, Edgar H. (1942), Quicksilver deposits of the Parkfield district, California: USGS Bulletin 936-F: 159; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 115, 197.
Elbaite
Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Crother R. A. (1992) Host Rock Lithologies and Structural Constraints on Complex Pegmatites in the San Jacinto Mountains of California. Department of Geological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; June.
Enargite
Formula: Cu3AsS4
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Enstatite
Formula: Mg2Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: Whitfield, J.E. (1890), Analyses of six new meteorites: USGS Bulletin 60: 114; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 307.
Enstatite var. Bronzite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Reference: Whitfield, J.E. (1890), Analyses of six new meteorites: USGS Bulletin 60: 114; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 307.
Eosphorite
Formula: Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Epidote
Formula: {Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 145 localities in this region.
Description: Recorded in the heavy mineral content of the stated formations.
Reference: Grender, Gordon Conrad (1962), Alegria-Vaqueros (Oligocene-Miocene) sequence near Gaviota, California: Gel. Soc. Amer. Bulletin 73: 267-272; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 177; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 484.
Epistilbite
Formula: CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Reference: http://www.mineralsocal.org/scfm/california/v.htm
Epsomite
Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 27 localities in this region.
Reference: Renaut, R. W., Stead, D., & Owen, R. B. (1994). The saline lakes of the Fraser Plateau, British Columbia, Canada. Global Geological Record of Lake Basins, 1, 419-423.
Erdite (TL)
Formula: NaFeS2 · 2H2O
Type Locality:
Description: Occurs as tiny patches peripheral to a large knot of pyrrhotite and rasvumite. Commonly associated with fine-grained, euhedral magnetite crystals.
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., B.F. Leonard & J.R. Clark (1980), Erdite, a new hydrated sodium iron sulfide mineral: American Mineralogist: 65: 506-515; Konnert, J.A. and Evans, H.T. (1980) The crystal structure of erdite, NaFeS2 •2H2O. American Mineralogist: 65: 516-521; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 67, 367; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
'Erionite'
Formula: M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.300
Erionite-Ca
Formula: (Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Reference: Micro Probe Volume IX Number 3
Erionite-K
Formula: (K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Habit: Prismatic xls elongated parallel to c axis; as thin, wooly threads
Colour: white, orange when viewed down c axis; greenish white
Fluorescence: none
Description: Erionite occurs in two distinct habits at this locality; first, as greenish-white, "thin, curly, woolly threads" often intergrown with clay; and as radiating clusters of prismatic xls sometimes associated with clinoptilote. Both habits of erionite are distinctly K-dominant
Reference: Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.161
Erlichmanite (TL)
Formula: OsS2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as small grains about 20 microns.
Reference: Dana's New Mineralogy; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 63.; Snetsinger, K.G. (1971b) Erlichmanite (OsS2), a new mineral. American Mineralogist: 56: 1501-1506.
Erythrite
Formula: Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Reference: Thompson, R. M. (1951) Mineral Occurrences in Western Canada, Am Min, 36, p. 504-509; BC Minfile personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Eulytine
Formula: Bi4(SiO4)3
Reference: [Mineralogical Record 29:164]
Euxenite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster, Stone, J., and Levine, H. (1957) Brannerite from San Bernardino County, California. American Mineralogist: 42: 30-38; Dibblee, T.W., Jr. (1967b) Geologic map of the Old Woman Spring quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California. USGS Miscellaneous Geological Investigation Map I-518, with text: 4; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 180.
Farringtonite ?
Formula: Mg3(PO4)2
Reference: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXII (2001)
'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 58 localities in this region.
Reference: R. M. Thompson (1954) Mineral occurrences in Western Canada. American Mineralogist 39:525-528
'Feldspar Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 59 localities in this region.
Reference: Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: USGS Open File report 2010-5220
Ferberite
Formula: FeWO4
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
'Fergusonite'
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 185.
Ferricopiapite
Formula: Fe3+0.67Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Reference: Canadian Museum of Nature specimen 49498
'Ferrierite'
Habit: blades 1-3mm long
Colour: white to colorless
Description: on botryoidal marcasite
Reference: Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.177; Mineralogical Record 22:384
Ferrierite-K
Formula: (K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Reference: Carnahan, V. (1968), Minerals of Los Angeles County, part 2, Santa Monica Mountains, San Gabriel Mountains and the Northern Ridges: Los Angeles County Natural History Museum Alliance Quarterly: 6(4): 20-24; Wise, W.S., Nokleberg, W.., and Kokinos, M. (1969) Clinoptilolite and ferrierite from Agoura, California. American Mineralogist: 54: 887-895; Alietti, A. (1972), Polymorphism and crystal chemistry of heulandite and Clinoptilolite: American Mineralogist: 57: 1450; Koyama, K. and Takeuchi, Y. (1977) Clinoptilolite: the distribution of potassium atoms and its role in thermal stability. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 145: 216-239; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 376, 380; www.mineralsocal.org
Ferrierite-Mg (TL)
Formula: [Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
Habit: As crystals up to 15mm long (although more commonly of sub-millimeter size), commonly forming divergant clusters of crystals. Crystals are elongated parallel to c axis, with [100} dominant, and smaller {010} and {110}, terminated by {101}.
Colour: Colorless, pink, orange and reddish.
Fluorescence: None
Description: Occurs in calcite nodules in a weathered pillow basalt, commonly associated with spherulitic masses and thin crusts of quartz var.chalcedony,and less commonly with equant clinoptilolite crystals. Uncommonly occurs as geodes reaching 13x30cm lined with Ferrierite-Mg, quartz (sometimes var.amethyst) and acicular goethite.
Reference: GRAHAM, R.P.D. (1918): On ferrierite, a new zeolite mineral, from British Columbia; with notes on some other Canadian minerals. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Section IV, 185-190. TSCHERNICH, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World. Geoscience Press, Tucson, Arizona (173).
Ferrierite-Na
Formula: (Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Ferrimolybdite
Formula: Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 185.
Ferripyrophyllite
Formula: Fe3+Si2O5(OH)
Reference: Gunnar Färber
'Ferrisicklerite'
Formula: Li1-x(Fe3+xFe2+1-x)PO4
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Ferri-winchite
Formula: ◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Reference: A piece of blueschist matrix often called "Crossite" was personally collected and analyzed by David Lowe. It contained Ferri-Winchite matching reference XRD pattern PDF 00-052-1577 and Albite PDF 01-084-0752. It was in direct contact with Neptunite, which was separately found to match PDF 00-043-0677. No other crystalline phases were found.
'Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series'
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
Reference: Richard Gunter Collection
Ferro-ferri-obertiite (TL)
Formula: NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2
Type Locality:
Reference: Hawthorne, F.C., Ball, N.A., Czamanske, G.K. (2010) Ferro-obertiite, NaNa2(Fe2+Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2, new mineral of the amphibole group from Coyote Peak, Humboldt County, California. The Canadian Mineralogist: 48: 301-306. (as ferro-obertiite).
'Ferro-ferri-taramite' ?
Formula: Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Description: No data is avaliabel to support this ID
Reference: Gunnar Färber
Ferro-glaucophane
Formula: ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Reference: Gunnar Färber
Ferro-hornblende
Formula: ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Description: Occurs as bladed crystals in a soda-syenite body and in large boulders of syenite along the river.
Reference: Pabst, Adolf (1951), Minerals of the serpentine area in San Benito County, California Rocks & Minerals: 26: 478-485; Moller, W.P. (1965) Minerals of southern San Benito County, California. Gems and Minerals: 331: 28-32; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 401.
Fibroferrite
Formula: Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Reference: Lombardo, Mariasole (2010) Fibroferrite: crystallographic, optical and synthesis experiments. MsC Thesis, Queens University, Ontario, Canada
Fizélyite
Formula: Ag5Pb14Sb21S48
Habit: Terminated prisms! lathe like ropey intergrowths often showing curvature.
Colour: Black
Description: Fizelyite xls are now in two phases, each of which is suitable for structure determination!
Reference: - Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229. -Yang H, Downs R T, Burt J B, Costin G (2009) Structure refinement of an untwinned single crystal of Ag-excess fizélyite, Ag5.94Pb13.74Sb20.84S48, The Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 1257-1264
Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite
Formula: (Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Reference: www.mineralsocal.org/bulletin/1999/99_may.htm
Fluorapatite var. Strontium-bearing Apatite
Formula: (Ca,Sr)5(PO4)3F
Description: Occurs in the serpentinite mass.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 316.
Fluorapophyllite-(K)
Formula: KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Reference: Micro Probe Volume VII Number 7 Spring 1998
Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Localities: Reported from at least 35 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20001
Fluoro-richterite
Formula: {Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Reference: www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/doc/abstracts/cm5_Vol36_Oct98.pdf.
Fluorstrophite
Formula: SrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Reference: Joseph F. Cooper Jr., Gail E. Dunning, Ted A.Hadley (2003) Minerology of the Victor Claim, Clear Creek Area, New Idria District, San Benito County, California.
Foitite
Formula: ◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Description: Electron microprobe analyses of the brittle crystals from this locality show that they are foitite.
Reference: Caltech, Phys Chem Minerals 14, p. 163.
Forsterite
Formula: Mg2SiO4
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: CanRockhound v.3, no.1
Forsterite var. Peridot
Formula: Mg2SiO4
Reference: CanRockhound v.3, no.1
Franciscanite (TL)
Formula: Mn2+6(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6
Type Locality:
Reference: Dunn, P.J., Peacor, D.R., Erd, R.C., Ramik, R.A. (1986) Franciscanite and örebroite, two new minerals from California and Sweden, related to redefined welinite. American Mineralogist, 71, 1522-1526.; www.mineralsocal.org
Franklinite
Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: Leavens & Patton: Axis 4 (1)13p (2008)
'Freibergite Subgroup'
Formula: (Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: British Columbia Geological Survey, Minfile database.
Freieslebenite
Formula: AgPbSbS3
Habit: Flattened tabular wedges with only two terminal forms.
Colour: Black
Description: Generally smaller than diaphorite at Van Silver. Diaphorite has 3 or more terminal forms.
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Fresnoite
Formula: Ba2Ti(Si2O7)O
Reference: www.benitoitemine.com; Dunning, G. E., Walstrom, R. E., & Lechner, W. (2018) Barium Silicate Mineralogy of the Western Margin, North American Continent, Part Geology, Origin, Paragenesis and Mineral Distribution from Baja California Norte, Mexico, Western Canada and Alaska, USA. Baymin Journal, Vol. 19, No. 5
Frohbergite
Formula: FeTe2
Reference: personal correspondance, Giles Peatfield
Frondelite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Froodite
Formula: α-PdBi2
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
Gageite
Formula: Mn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20
Reference: Econ Geol (1992) 87:2023-2040; Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502. Huebner, J. S., Flohr, M. J., & Grossman, J. N. (1992). Chemical fluxes and origin of a manganese carbonate-oxide-silicate deposit in bedded chert. Chemical Geology, 100(1-2), 93-118.
Gahnite
Formula: ZnAl2O4
Reference: I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992
Galena
Formula: PbS
Localities: Reported from at least 421 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20001
Galena var. Silver-bearing Galena
Formula: PbS with Ag
Reference: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104K%20%20009
Galenobismutite
Formula: PbBi2S4
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Ganophyllite
Formula: (K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
Colour: Brownish yellow
Description: Occurs as tabular crystals in seams with baryte.
Reference: Rogers, Austin Flint (1919b), An interesting occurrence of manganese minerals near San Jose, California: American Journal of Science, 4th. Series: 48: 446; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 192; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 410.; USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10077482.
'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 109 localities in this region.
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
'Garnierite'
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Gaylussite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Geikielite
Formula: MgTiO3
Colour: Black
Description: Occurs in highly metamorphosed magnesian marble of the Sur series as small (0.01 mm to 0.10 mm) opaque, irregular to rounded grains associated with rutile and spinel.
Reference: Wise, Wm. S. (1959), An occurrence of geikielite: American Mineralogist : 44: 879-882; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 173, 460.
Genkinite
Formula: Pt4Sb3
Reference: Nixon, G. T., Cabri, L. J., & Laflamme, J. G. (1990). Platinum-group-element mineralization in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 503-535.
Geocronite
Formula: Pb14Sb6S23
Habit: Spikey, feathery 60 degree twins (pseudo hexagonal plates & spikes)
Colour: black
Description: First of the sulfosalts to precipitate, contains more As (3%by wt) than any other sulfosalt
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Gersdorffite
Formula: NiAsS
Reference: Hora, Z. D., Langrova, A., & Pivec, E. (2006). Rhodonite from the Bridge River Assemblage, Downton Creek (NTS 092J/09), Southwestern British Columbia. Geological Fieldwork, 2007-1.
Geversite
Formula: PtSb2
Reference: Nixon, G. T., Cabri, L. J., & Laflamme, J. G. (1990). Platinum-group-element mineralization in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 503-535.
Gibbsite
Formula: Al(OH)3
Reference: albite alunite andalusite andesine anorthite apatite biotite calcite chalcopyrite chlorite clinozoisite corundum covellite diaspore dickite dumortierite enargite epidote galena gibbsite gold hematite kaolinite K-feldspar laumonite magnetite malachite muscovite orthoclase pyrite pyrophyllite quartz “REE phosphate” rutile sericite siderite sphalerite "sulfosalt" tennantite tetradymite "tourmaline" zoisite
Glauberite
Formula: Na2Ca(SO4)2
Habit: Thin, flattened.
Description: Occurs in blue clay 40 feet (13 meters) below surface.
Reference: Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp.: 182; Silliman, Benjamin, Jr. (1868b), On the occurrence of glauberite at Borax Lake, California: California Academy of Natural Sciences Proceedings: 3: 399; Vonsen, Magnus (1935), The discovery of borates in California: Mineralogist: 3(12): 22; Vonsen, Magnus & G.D. Hanna (1936), Borax Lake, California: California Division Mines Report 32: 103; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 197, 200; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 285.
Glaucodot
Formula: (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
'Glauconite'
Formula: (K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
Reference: DHZ, Vol. 2B, 2nd ed., p 663.
Glaucophane
Formula: ◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 49 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon 1975
'Gmelinite'
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
Reference: Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
Gold
Formula: Au
Localities: Reported from at least 2237 localities in this region.
Colour: gold
Fluorescence: none
Description: The gold xls never more than a few mm ranged from spheres to complex isometric habits.
Reference: ; Mauthier, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks & Minerals 81:14-22; British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Geological Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1, pp. 15-22
Gold var. Electrum
Formula: (Au,Ag)
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Gonnardite
Formula: (Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Reference: W. S. Wise (2006) research at UCSB
Gonyerite
Formula: (Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
Goslarite
Formula: ZnSO4 · 7H2O
Description: Occurs with other sulphate minerals.
Reference: Landon, Robert Emmanuel (1927), Roemerite from California: American Mineralogist: 12: 279; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 205; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 296; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 515.
Graphite
Formula: C
Localities: Reported from at least 51 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Greenalite
Formula: (Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4
Reference: Wood, Robert Muir (1982) The Laytonville Quarry (Mendocino County California) Exotic Block: Iron-rich Blueschist-Facies Subduction-Zone Metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine: 45: 87-99.
Greenockite
Formula: CdS
Localities:
Description: Occurs as thin coatings on quartz.
Reference: Bradley, W.W. (1941), Thirty-seventh report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 37: 194; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 207.
Greigite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2S4
Reference: Handbook of Mineralogy
Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.39
Grossular var. Hessonite
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Reference: CALIF. DIV. MINES AND GEOL. COUNTY REPORT 3, 1963, NO. 113, P. 107.
Grossular var. Hibschite
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.39
'Grossular-Hibschite Series'
Description: Forms irregular masses as intergrowths with thompsonite and pectolite.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 498.
Grunerite
Formula: ◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Reference: Wood, R. W. (1979) The iron-rich blueschist facies minerals: 2. Howieite. Mineralogical Magazine 43:363-370.
Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 118 localities in this region.
Reference: California Division of Mines & Geology (1956), Mineral Information Service: 23(4): 75; USGS MRDS database (2005), loc. file ID #10286474.
Gypsum var. Alabaster
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Reference: Hess, Frank L. (1920), Gypsum deposits of California, in Stone, R.W., Gypsum deposits of the United States: USGS Bulletin 697: 84; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 211.
Gypsum var. Satin Spar Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Reference: Bradley, W.W. (1916b), Fresno and Kings Counties: California Mining Bureau. Report 14: 452; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 210; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 285.
Gypsum var. Selenite
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Habit: Fishtail-twinned crystals
Description: Occurs as twinned crystals in clay of the Rincon Formation, Northward from the contact with the Vaqueros. The crystals are well-formed individuals up to 3 inches (7.5 cm) long.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 211; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 288.
Gyrolite
Formula: NaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
Reference: Clarke, F.W. (1889), A new occurrence of gyrolite: USGS Bulletin 64: 22-23; […American Journal of Science, 3rd. series: 38: 128-129]: 22 (128-129); Bailey, Edgar H. & Donald L. Everhart (1964), Geology and quicksilver deposits of the New Almaden district, Santa Clara County, California: USGS PP 360: 102; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 478.
Halite
Formula: NaCl
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Gunnar Farber - Mineralienliste, 1-2018.
Halotrichite
Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: Anthony R. Kampf & FM Locality Index Committee (1989) California Locality Index. Mineralogical Record, 20:129-142.
Hanksite
Formula: Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Description: Occurs as crystals exhibiting prism and pyramid.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 214.
Hardystonite
Formula: Ca2Zn[Si2O7]
Reference: Verbeek, Earl R. and Van Fleet, James, 2014, Hardystonite from the Desert View Mine, California: The Picking Table, vol. 55, no. 1, p. 15-17.
Harmotome
Formula: Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Reference: Erd, R.C., Ohashi, Y. (1984) Santaclaraite, a new calcium-manganese silicate hydrate from California. American Mineralogist, 69(1-2), 200-206.; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 414.
Hastingsite
Formula: NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
Reference: L. A. Dick and G. W. Robinson (1979) Chlorine-bearing potassian hastingsite from a sphalerite skarn in southern Yukon. Can Mineral 17:25-26
Hausmannite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.38,56,62,79; Rocks & Min.: 17:20.
Haüyne
Formula: (Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Description: Occurs as little patches and grains in a mica-diopside schist.
Reference: Rogers, Austin Flint (1912b), Notes on rare minerals from California: Columbia University, School of Mines Quarterly: 33: 377; Surr, Gordon (1913), Lapis lazuli in southern California: Mining and Engineering World: Dec 27, 39: 1153-1154; Rogers, Austin Flint (1938b), Lapis lazuli from San Bernardino County, California: American Mineralogist: 23: 111-114; Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County, California. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 43; Sinkankas, J. (1976) Gemstones of North America II. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York: 323; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 367-368.
Heazlewoodite
Formula: Ni3S2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Hectorfloresite
Formula: Na9(SO4)4(IO3)
Reference: Livingston, J. D., Murphy, W. M., Miller, R. M., & Ayars, E. J. (2005, December). Acid Mine Drainage and Metal Sulfate Minerals in the Shasta Mining District, California. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2005, pp. V43B-1570).
Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
Reference: REAMSBOTTOM, S. B. (1971). THE GEOLOGY OF THE MOUNT BREAKENRIDGE AREA, HARRISON LAKE, BC (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia).
Hedleyite
Formula: Bi7Te3
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
Helvine
Formula: Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 122 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Hematite var. Martite
Formula: Fe2O3
Reference: Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Hematite var. Specularite
Formula: Fe2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: Thompson, R. M. (1951) Mineral Occurrences in Western Canada, Am Min, 36, p. 504-509; BC Minfile personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Hercynite
Formula: Fe2+Al2O4
Description: Occurs in Franciscan rocks.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 346.
Hercynite var. Picotite
Formula: (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Description: Occurs in Franciscan rocks.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 346.
Herderite
Formula: CaBe(PO4)F
Description: No data.
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Hessite
Formula: Ag2Te
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
Reference: Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Hetaerolite
Formula: ZnMn2O4
Reference: Leavens & Patton: Axis 4 (1)13p (2008)
'Heulandite'
Localities: Reported from at least 24 localities in this region.
Reference: Micro Probe Vol. 7 No. 5 Spring '92
Hexahydrite (TL)
Formula: MgSO4 · 6H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: JOHNSTON, R.A.A. (1911): Hexahydrite, a new mineral. Geological Survey Branch of the Department of Mines, Canada, Summary Report 1910, 256-257. JOHNSTON, R.A.A. (1915): A list of Canadian mineral occurrences. Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 74 (122).
Hibonite
Formula: CaAl12O19
Reference: Meteoritics & Planetary Sci. 38 (May 2003)
Hisingerite
Formula: Fe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O
Description: Occurs coating Tridymite in cavities in andesite.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 373; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 355.
Hohmannite
Formula: Fe3+2(SO4)2O · 8H2O
Description: Occurs in brecciated opalite.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 614; Rogers, Austin Flint (1931b), Castanite, a basic ferric sulphate from Knoxville, California: American Mineralogist: 16: 396; Bandy, Mark C. (1932), Castanite from Chuquicamata, Chile: American Mineralogist: 17: 534-537; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 273.
Hollandite
Formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
Description: with over 2.0% W.
Reference: David Singer: Highly oxidized rocks from the San Gorgonio Pass, California; Petrologic and thermodynamic calculations. (Senior honors thesis, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan; advisors: Eric Essene and Casey Donohue).
Hollingworthite
Formula: (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
'Hornblende'
Localities: Reported from at least 41 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Howieite (TL)
Formula: Na(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: Agrell, S.O. (1964), Deerite, howieite, and zussmanite, three new minerals from the Franciscan of the Laytonville district, Mendocino County, California (title only), Am.Min.: 49; CM 28 (1990), 855; HB2/1 (1995); Wood, R. W. (1979) The iron-rich blueschist facies minerals: 2. Howieite. Mineralogical Magazine 43:363-370.; Robert Muir Wood (1982) The Laytonville Quarry (Mendocino County California) Exotic Block: Iron-rich Blueschist-Facies Subduction-Zone Metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine 45:87-99.
Howlite
Formula: Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5
Colour: White
Description: Occurs as tabular micro-crystals, also forming rosettes; cauliflower-like masses/nodules.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 348; Rocks & Minerals: 11: 156.; Kramer, H.C. & R.D. Allen (1956), A restudy of bakerite, priceite, and veatchite, American Mineralogist: 41: 689-700; Eakle, Arthur Starr (1911), Neocolemanite, a variety of colemanite, and howlite from Lang, Los Angeles County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Science Bulletin: 6: 187; Foshag, William Frederick (1921), The origin of the colemanite deposits of California: Economic Geology: 16: 204; Allen, Robert D. (1957): 199; Masimer, G.E. (1966) Tick Canyon revisited. Gems and Minerals: 347: 20-23; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 95, 154, 220; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 510.
Hübnerite
Formula: MnWO4
Reference: Mauthier, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks & Minerals 81:14-22
Humite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)7(SiO4)3F2
Reference: Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Hureaulite
Formula: Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Hydroboracite
Formula: CaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2 · 3H2O
Description: Reported in 1899.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 221.
Hydrocerussite
Formula: Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2
Habit: Powdery crust
Colour: white
Description: This mineral forms on lead bird shot that is recovered in the Platinum washings.
Hydromagnesite
Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 35 localities in this region.
Reference: Renaut, R. W., Stead, D., & Owen, R. B. (1994). The saline lakes of the Fraser Plateau, British Columbia, Canada. Global Geological Record of Lake Basins, 1, 419-423.
Hydrotalcite
Formula: Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 199.
'Hydrotroilite'
Formula: FeS · H2O ?
Reference: Merriam, R. and Laudermilk, J. D. 1936. Two Diopsides from Southern California. The American Mineralogist. 21(11):715-718.
'Hydrougrandite'
Formula: (Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
Reference: http://www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile/search/search.cfm?mode=capbib&minfilno=092JNE065
Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
Reference: Personally collected and analyzed by David Lowe. White opaque crystals associated with brown Andradite and greenish-blue Clinochlore on Serpentine matrix.
Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 78.
Hydroxylherderite
Formula: CaBe(PO4)(OH)
Reference: various added photos
Hydrozincite
Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
Hypercinnabar (TL)
Formula: HgS
Type Locality:
Reference: Potter, R.W. and H.L. Barnes (1978) Phase relations in the binary Hg–S. American Mineralogist: 63: 1143–1152.; Clark (1993) Hey's Mineral Index.
'Hypersthene'
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Description: Comprises up to 10% of the gabbro body.
Reference: Leo, G.W. (1967) The plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the Ben Lomond Mountain area, Santa Cruz County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 91: 34; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 386.
Ice
Formula: H2O
Reference: Peterson, R.C., Nelson, W., Madu, B., Shurvell, H.F. (2007) Meridianiite: A new mineral species observed on Earth and predicted to exist on Mars. American Mineralogist: 92: 1756-1759.
Idaite
Formula: Cu5FeS6
Reference: USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10310642.
'Iddingsite'
Formula: MgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Description: Occurs as a basic constituent of basic rock "carmeloite."
Reference: Lawson, Andrew Cowper (1893), The geology of Carmelo Bay: University of California, Department of Geologic Science Bulletin: 1: 31; Ross, Clarence Samuel & Earl V. Shannon (1926), The origin, occurrence, composition, and physical properties of the mineral iddingsite: US National Museum Proceedings 2579, vol. 67, Art. 7: 1-19; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 224.
Idrialite
Formula: C22H14
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: www.mineralsocal.org
Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 86 localities in this region.
Reference: Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
Ilsemannite
Formula: Mo3O8 · nH2O
Colour: Blue
Description: Occurs as bklue zones surrounding molybdenite.
Reference: Cook, C.W. (1922), A new occurrence of ilsemannite (Gibson, Shasta County, California): American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 4: 50-52; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 186, 227; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 341.
Ilvaite
Formula: CaFe3+Fe2+2(Si2O7)O(OH)
Reference: Wood, R. W. (1979) The iron-rich blueschist facies minerals: 2. Howieite. Mineralogical Magazine 43:363-370.; Robert Muir Wood (1982) The Laytonville Quarry (Mendocino County California) Exotic Block: Iron-rich Blueschist-Facies Subduction-Zone Metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine 45:87-99.
'Indicolite'
Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities:
Reference: Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 188.
Inesite
Formula: Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.38,62
Inyoite
Formula: Ca(H4B3O7)(OH) · 4H2O
Reference: USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10216041.
Irarsite
Formula: (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Reference: Alfredo Petrov collection
Iridium
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
Reference: Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
Iridium var. Osmiridium
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
Iridium var. Platiniridium
Formula: (Ir,Pt)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as nuggets.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 290.
Iridium var. Ruthenosmiridium
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
Reference: Sjoberg, J. and Gomes, J.M. (1980) Platinum-group minerals in California alluvial deposits. US Bureau of Mines, Reno Research Center, unpublished manuscript: 15; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 45.
Iron
Formula: Fe
Description: Mixed with troilite.
Reference: La Paz, Lincoln (1955), A preliminary report on the Pinto Mountains, Riverside County, California, chondrite (CN=1161, 337): Meteorites: 1: 295-299; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 59.
Iron var. Kamacite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
Description: Mixed with troilite.
Reference: La Paz, Lincoln (1955), A preliminary report on the Pinto Mountains, Riverside County, California, chondrite (CN=1161, 337): Meteorites: 1: 295-299; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 59.
'Iron-Platinum alloy'
Formula: (Pt,Fe)
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 44.
Isoferroplatinum (TL)
Formula: Pt3Fe
Reference: Canadian Mineralogist (1975): 13: 117-126; 5th International Platinum Symposium Bulletin of The Geological Society of Finland Number 61, Part 1,1989,1-64
Isomertieite
Formula: Pd11Sb2As2
Reference: Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Jacobsite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon 1975
Jadeite
Formula: Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: Tsujimori, Tatsuki, Liou, Juhn G., and Coleman, Robert G., 2007, Finding of High-Grade Tectonic Blocks from the New Idria Serpentinite Body, Diablo Range, California: Petrologic Constraints on the Tectonic Evolution of a Tectonic Diapir, Geolgical Society of America Special Paperr 419, p. 67-80.
Jamesonite
Formula: Pb4FeSb6S14
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Joaquinite-(Ce) (TL)
Formula: NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Habit: Equant
Colour: Honey-yellow to orange-brown
Reference: Louderback, George Davis & Walter C. Blasdale (1909), Benitoite, its mineralogy, paragenesis and mode of occurrence: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 5: 376; Palache, Charles & William Frederick Foshag (1932), The chemical nature of joaquinite: American Mineralogist: 17: 308-312; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 102, 234; Wise, W.S & Gill, R.H. (1977): Minerals of the Benitoite Gem mine. Mineralogical Record 8, 442-452; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 470.; William S. Wise (1982) Strontiojoaquinite and bario-orthojoaquinite: two new members of the joaquinite group . American Mineralogist 67:809-81
Johannite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Colour: Green
Description: Occurs as fracture fillings and coatings.
Reference: Saul, R.B., Evans, J.R., and Gray, C.H. (1970) Mines and mineral resources of Riverside County. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 9. Unpublished manuscript: 1209; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 303, 516.
Johannsenite
Formula: CaMn2+Si2O6
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
Jonesite (TL)
Formula: Ba4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
Type Locality:
Habit: Radiating aggregates
Colour: Colorless
Description: Occurs as minute crystals.
Reference: Wise, W.S & Gill, R.H. (1977): Minerals of the Benitoite Gem mine. The Mineralogical Record 8, 442-452; Wise, W.S. & Pabst, A. (1977): Jonesite a new mineral from the Benitoite Gem mine, San Benito County, California. The Mineralogical Record 8, 453-456; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 472.
'Joséite'
Formula: Bi4TeS2
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
Julgoldite-(Fe2+)
Formula: Ca2Fe2+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Description: Occurs on inesite.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 493; Mineralogical Record, 18(5), 341.
Kaersutite
Formula: NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 402.
Kalinite
Formula: KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Reference: Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp.: 68; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 293.
Kaňkite
Formula: FeAsO4 · 3.5H2O
Reference: Gomi, A. (2001) Suisyou (Quartz), 50, #3, 173-180.
Kaolinite
Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 46 localities in this region.
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite
Formula: (Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at “The Geysers,” Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 248; Brookins, D.G. (1973), X-ray investigation of chromiferous kaolinite (miloschite) from The Geysers, Sonoma County, California: Clays and Clay Minerals: 21: 421-422; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 438.
'Kaolinite Subgroup'
Formula: Al2Si2O5(OH)4
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield ( see notes in description)
Kasolite
Formula: Pb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Kassite
Formula: CaTi2O4(OH)2
Reference: Self, P.G., Buseck, P.R. (1991) Structure model for kassite, CaTi2O4(OH)2. American Mineralogist: 76: 283-287.
Kempite (TL)
Formula: Mn2+2(OH)3Cl
Type Locality:
Colour: Green
Description: Minute crystals.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 74; Rogers, Austin Flint (1924b), Kempite, a new manganese mineral from Santa Clara County, California: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 8: 145-150; […(abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 36: 206 (1925)]: 145; Rogers, Austin Flint (1924b), Kempite, a new manganese mineral from Santa Clara County, California: American Journal of Science, 5th. Series: 8: 145-150; […(abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 36: 206 (1925)]: 145; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 235; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 190.
Kenyaite
Formula: Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Reference: Barnes, I., J.B. Rapp & J.R. O’Neil (1972), Metamorphic assemblages and the direction of flow of metamorphic fluids in four instances of serpentinization: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 35: 264; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 442; www.mineralsocal.org.; Lukasz Kruszewski specimen.
'Kerite'
Reference: https://data.geology.gov.yk.ca/Occurrence/12811#InfoTab
Kermesite
Formula: Sb2S2O
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Kësterite
Formula: Cu2ZnSnS4
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
'K Feldspar'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 37 localities in this region.
Reference: Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
'K Feldspar var. Adularia'
Formula: KAlSi3O8
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: McLaughlin, R.J., Sorg, D.H., Morton, J.L., Theodore, T.G., Meyer, C.E., Delevaux, M.H. (1985) Paragenesis and tectonic significance of base and precious metal occurrences along the San Andreas Fault at Point Delgada, California. Economic Geology, 80:2, 344-359. Economic Geology (1985): 80: 344-359.
Kieserite
Formula: MgSO4 · H2O
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Koninckite
Formula: Fe3+PO4 · 3H2O
Reference: Bradley, W.W. (1937), Thirty-third report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 33: 251; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 313; www.mineralsocal.org.
Kornelite
Formula: Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O
Reference: Majzlan, J., Alpers, C. N., Koch, C. B., McCleskey, R. B., Myneni, S. C., & Neil, J. M. (2011). Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 284(3), 296-305.
Kotulskite
Formula: Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Reference: Nixon, G. T., Cabri, L. J., & Laflamme, J. G. (1990). Platinum-group-element mineralization in lode and placer deposits associated with the Tulameen Alaskan-type complex, British Columbia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28(3), 503-535.
Kröhnkite
Formula: Na2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Reference: Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 3: 207; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 298.; Anthony R. Kampf & FM Locality Index Committee (1989) California Locality Index. Mineralogical Record, 20:129-142.
Kurilite
Formula: Ag8Te3Se
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Kutnohorite
Formula: CaMn2+(CO3)2
Description: Calcian material.
Reference: Erd, R.C., Ohashi, Y. (1984) Santaclaraite, a new calcium-manganese silicate hydrate from California. American Mineralogist, 69(1-2), 200-206.; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 414.
Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E. (2014): Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-Cu-PGE
Lansfordite
Formula: MgCO3 · 5H2O
Reference: Poitevin, E. (1924) A new occurrence of lansfordite from Altin, B.C.. American Mineralogist 9, 225-228.; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 230.
Laueite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Colour: White
Description: Occurs as rims on pseudolaueite crystals.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 312.
Laumontite
Formula: CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
Habit: typical crystals as groups and clusters and vein fillings
Colour: white
Reference: Ron Layton collection
Laurite
Formula: RuS2
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Econ Geol (1986) 81: 1261-1271.
Lawsonite
Formula: CaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 36 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in the San Onofre Breccia.
Reference: Woodford, A.O. (1925), The San Onofre breccia; its nature and origin: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin 15: 192; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 488.
Lazulite
Formula: MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Reference: Brown, Howard J., (2019) Geology of White Knob Quarry, Southern California Friends of Mineralogy 2019 Spring Symposium presentation.
Lazurite
Formula: Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
Description: Occurs as lapis-lazuli (patches in a mica-diopside schist).
Reference: Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
Leadhillite
Formula: Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Lechatelierite
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Jour. Geol., 54, no. 2, 117-122 (1946)
Lennilenapeite
Formula: K6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Reference: Gunnar Färber
Lepidocrocite
Formula: γ-Fe3+O(OH)
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H. & Frondel, C. (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 644; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 163.
'Lepidolite'
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Butler, 1995. Rockhounding California, p.118.
Letovicite
Formula: (NH4)3H(SO4)2
Habit: masses of pseudohexagonal crystals 0.03 by 0.05 mm and 0.0005mm thick
Colour: Colourless
Description: Occurs as platy micro-crystals on massive mascagnite from Boric Acid Springs along Geyser Creek Canyon.
Reference: Vonsen, Magnus (1941) Preliminary report on minerals of The Geysers of Sonoma County, California. Mineralogist: 9: 246, 279; Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at “The Geysers,” Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 288; Dunning, Gail E. and J.F. Cooper (1969a) Letovicite from The Geysers, Sonoma County, California. California Division Mines and Geology Mineral Information Service: 22: 135; Dunning, G. S. & Cooper, J. F. (1993): History and minerals of The Geysers Sonoma County, California. Mineralogical Record 24(5): 339-352.
'Leucoxene'
Reference: www.em.gov.bc.ca/DL/GSBPubs/GeoFldWk/2003/25-Nixon-263-290-w.pdf.
'Lévyne'
Reference: Micro Probe Vol. 7 No. 5 Spring '92
Libethenite
Formula: Cu2(PO4)(OH)
Description: Occurs in Glaucophane schist.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 243.
'Limonite'
Localities: Reported from at least 85 localities in this region.
Reference: www.em.gov.bc.ca/DL/GSBPubs/GeoFldWk/2003/25-Nixon-263-290-w.pdf.
Linarite
Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Reference: Mark Mauthner specimen
Linnaeite
Formula: Co2+Co3+2S4
Description: Occurs as isometric micro-crystals in fractured vein quartz, altering to bieberite.
Reference: Woodhouse, C.D. & R.M. Norris (1957a), A new occurrence of millerite American Mineralogist: 42: 113-115; Davis, Fenelon Francis and E.H. Bailey (1966) Mercury. California Division Mines and Geology Bulletin 191: 270; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 111.
Litharge (TL)
Formula: PbO
Type Locality:
Colour: Brownish orange-red
Description: Occurs as scales bordered by massicot.
Reference: Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp.: 256; Larsen, Esper Signius (1917), Massicot and litharge, the two modifications of lead monoxide: American Mineralogist: 2: 18-19; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 245, 257.
Lithiophilite
Formula: LiMn2+PO4
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Lithiophorite
Formula: (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Lizardite
Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Mumpton, F.A. Jaffe, H.W., and Thompson, C.S. (1965) Coalingite, a new mineral from the New Idria serpentinite, Fresno and San Benito counties, California. American Mineralogist: 50: 1908-1909.; Wise, W. S., & Moller, W. P. (1995). Geology and Mineralogy of the New Idria District: San Benito and Fresno Counties, California. Rocks & Minerals, 70(1), 30-35.
Lizardite var. Nickel-bearing Lizardite
Formula: (Mg,Ni)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Description: Occurs in lateritic ores.
Reference: Montoya, J.W. & Gretta S. Baur (1963), Nickeliferous serpentines, chlorites, and related minerals found in two lateritic ores: American Mineralogist: 48: 1227, 1228.
Löllingite
Formula: FeAs2
Reference: Mark H.F. Mauthner, Groat, L.A. and Raudsepp, M. (1996). "The Engineer Mine, Tagish Lake, British Columbia." Mineralogical Record, 27(4),pp:263-273.
Ludwigite
Formula: Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Description: Occurs as a minor associated mineral.
Reference: Chesterman, C.W. (1966a), Vonsenite of Monterey County, California: American Mineralogist: 51: 261-262; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 236.
Mackinawite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)9S8
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
Magadiite
Formula: Na2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Description: Occurs in altered volcanic material.
Reference: Eugster, H.P., F.J. Blair, and R.A. Sheppard (1967) New hydrous sodium silicates from Kenya, Oregon and California. Geological Society of America Abstract with Program, 60.; McAtee, J.L., House, R., and Eugster, H.P. (1968) Magadiite from Trinity County, California. American Mineralogist: 53: 2061-2069; Barnes, I., J.B. Rapp & J.R. O’Neil (1972), Metamorphic assemblages and the direction of flow of metamorphic fluids in four instances of serpentinization: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 35: 264; Gude, A.J. and Sheppard, R.A. (1972) Silhydrite, 3SiO2 •H2O, a new mineral from Trinity County, California. American Mineralogist: 57: 1053-1065; American Mineralogist (1975): 60: 642-649; www.mineralsocal.org.; Gude A J, Sheppard R A (1972) Silhydrite, 3SiO2·H2O, a new mineral from Trinity County, California. American Mineralogist 57, 1053-1065; Lukasz Kruszewski specimen.
Maghemite
Formula: (Fe3+0.670.33)Fe3+2O4
Description: Locality not specifically provided.
Reference: Newhouse, Walter Harry & J.P. Glass (1936), Some physical properties of certain iron oxides: Economic Geology: 31: 701; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 246.
Magnesio-arfvedsonite
Formula: {Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Description: Titanian material.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 404.
Magnesiochromite
Formula: MgCr2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 66 localities in this region.
Reference: Handbook of Mineralogy
Magnesiocopiapite
Formula: MgFe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Reference: Jamieson, H. E., Robinson, C., Alpers, C. N., McCleskey, R. B., Nordstrom, D. K., & Peterson, R. C. (2005). Major and trace element composition of copiapite-group minerals and coexisting water from the Richmond mine, Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 215(1), 387-405.
Magnesiocopiapite var. Knoxvillite
Formula: MgFe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 626.
Magnesioferrite
Formula: MgFe3+2O4
Habit: Octahedral
Colour: Black
Description: Occurs as brilliant crystals almost 1 mm diameter in chlorite schist.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 247.
Magnesio-hornblende
Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Reference: Tsujimori, Tatsuki, Liou, Juhn G., and Coleman, Robert G., 2007, Finding of High-Grade Tectonic Blocks from the New Idria Serpentinite Body, Diablo Range, California: Petrologic Constraints on the Tectonic Evolution of a Tectonic Diapir, Geolgical Society of America Special Paperr 419, p. 67-80.
Magnesio-riebeckite
Formula: ◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Reference: Onucki, H. and Ernst, W.G. (1969) Coexisting sodic amphiboles and sodic pyroxenes from blueschist facies metamorphic rocks. Mineralogical Association of America Special Paper 2: 244; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 403.
Magnesite
Formula: MgCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 110 localities in this region.
Colour: Pale to greenish
Description: Occurs as massive and some crystalline vein material.
Reference: Crawford, James John (1894), Twelfth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 12: 328; Hess, Frank L. (1908b), The magnesite deposits of California: USGS Bulletin 355, 67 pp.: 29; Bradley, W.W. (1934), Thirtieth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 30: 275; Weaver, C.E. (1949), Geology of the Coast Ranges immediately north of the San Francisco Bay region, California: Geological Society of America Memo 35: 174.
Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)CO3
Reference: Cannon Microprobe Services, Seattle, WA
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 270 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Magnetite var. Lodestone
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: Gay, T.E. (1957) Iron industries in California. California Division Mines Bulletin 176: 247; Dubois, R.L. and R.W. Brummett (1968) Geology of the Eagle Mountain area. In Ore Deposits of the United States, 1933-1962. The Graton-Sales volume, New York; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 247.
Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: SDSU Geology Department unpublished field trip guide, circa 1980.
Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 169 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Maldonite
Formula: Au2Bi
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
'Manganese Oxides'
Localities: Reported from at least 90 localities in this region.
Reference: Derkey, R., Joseph, N.L., Lasmanis, R. (1990) Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report. Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Open File Report 90-18, 277 pages.
'Manganese Oxides var. Manganese Dendrites'
Reference: Patricia Eisenberg
Manganite
Formula: Mn3+O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Maxson, John Haviland (1933), Economic geology of portions of Del Norte and Siskiyou Counties, northwesternmost California: California Division Mines Report 29: 160; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 303.
Manganvesuvianite
Formula: Ca19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Reference: Brown, Howard J., (2019) Geology of White Knob Quarry, Southern California Friends of Mineralogy 2019 Spring Symposium presentation.
Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 53 localities in this region.
Habit: botryoidal
Colour: shiny
Description: with ferrierite coatings
Reference: Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.177
Margarite
Formula: CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Reference: Smith, James Perrin (1906), The paragenesis of the minerals in the glaucophane-bearing rocks of California: American Philosophical Society Proceedings: 45: 203; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 256; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 432.
Mascagnite
Formula: (NH4)2SO4
Habit: As incrustations and nodules (some with a coarse fibrous interior)
Description: Occurs as incrustations and nodules during early summer months in the upper part of Geyser Creek Canyon.
Reference: Palache et al (1951), Dana's System of Mineralogy, seventh ed., vol. II: 399; Vonsen, Magnus (1941) Preliminary report on minerals of The Geysers of Sonoma County, California. Mineralogist: 9: 246, 279; Vonsen, Magnus (1946), Minerals at “The Geysers,” Sonoma County, California: California Division Mines Report 42: 288; Smith, Robert Leland (1958), Some new occurrences of sassolite in the United States: American Mineralogist: 43: 1205; Dunning, Gail E. and J.F. Cooper (1969a) Letovicite from The Geysers, Sonoma County, California. California Division Mines and Geology Mineral Information Service: 22: 135; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 239; Dunning, G. S. & Cooper, J. F. (1993): History and minerals of The Geysers Sonoma County, California. Mineralogical Record: 24(5): 339-352
Massicot
Formula: PbO
Description: Occurs in an unspecified location in the northern part of the county.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 257.
Matildite
Formula: AgBiS2
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Maucherite
Formula: Ni11As8
Reference: California Geology: 48(5):119
Mawsonite
Formula: Cu6Fe2SnS8
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Mcguinnessite (TL)
Formula: (Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
Type Locality:
Reference: Erd, R.C., Cesbron, F.P., Goff, F.E., and Clark, J.R. (1981) Mcguinnessite, a new carbonate from California. The Mineralogical Record: 12: 143-147.; Read, A.J. (1984) Mcguinnessite from New Zealand; a New Occurrence. Mineralogical Magazine, 48 , 457-459.
Melanophlogite
Formula: 46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Description: Quartz pseudomorphs after Melanophlogite
Reference: Dunning, G.E. & Cooper, J.F. (2002): Pseudomorphic melanophlogites from California. Mineralogical Record 33: 237-242
Melanterite
Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 25 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs on mine walls (post-mining product).
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 502; Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 3: 195, 212; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 270.
Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite
Formula: (Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O
Description: A secondary mineral (post-mining) forming on mine walls.
Reference: Schaller, Waldemar Theodore (1903a), Minerals from Leona Heights, Alameda County, California: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin: 3: 195, 199; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 270.
'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 493; www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.
'Melnikovite'
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 71.
Melonite
Formula: NiTe2
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
Mendozite
Formula: NaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Reference: Schmetzer, K. & Medenbach, O. (1983): Challantite from Cache Creek, British Columbia, Canada - a second occurrence. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1983, 158-162.
Meneghinite ?
Formula: Pb13CuSb7S24
Reference: personal correspondance, Giles Peatfield
Mercury
Formula: Hg
Localities: Reported from at least 68 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
Merenskyite
Formula: PdTe2
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
Meridianiite (TL)
Formula: MgSO4 · 11H2O
Type Locality:
Description: Formed around a tree trunk.
Reference: Peterson, R.C., Nelson, W., Madu, B., Shurvell, H.F. (2007): Meridianiite (MgSO4·11H2O): a new mineral species observed on Earth and predicted to exist on Mars. Seventh International Conference on Mars, 3124.
Mertieite
Formula: Pd8Sb2.5As0.5
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Mesolite
Formula: Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Meta-autunite
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Reference: Walker, G.W., Lovering, T.G., and Stephens, H.G. (1956), Radioactive Deposits in California: Special Report 49 of the Californnia Division of Mines & Geology: 34; Troxel, Bennie Wyatt & P.K. Morton (1962), Mines and mineral resources of Kern County, California: California Division Mines & Geology County Report No. 1, 370 pp.: No. 651: 339; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 328.
Metacinnabar (TL)
Formula: HgS
Localities: Reported from at least 50 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in large amounts in the upper part of the mine.
Reference: Durand, F.E. (1873), Notes on the crystallization of metacinnabarite: California Academy of Science Proceedings: 4: 219-220; Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp.: 261; Ransome, Alfred Leslie & J.L. Kellogg (1939), Quicksilver resources of California: California Journal of Mines and Geology, California Division Mines (Report 35): 35: 410; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 254-255, 262; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 118.; USBM IC8252; Emmons and Becker (1885) Statistics and Technology of the precious Metals. Census reports Tenth census. June 1, 1880, Volume 13 By United States. Census office. 10th census, 1880, United States. Census Office
Metacinnabar var. Selenium-bearing Metacinnabar
Formula: Hg(S,Se)
Reference: Learned, R.E. (1962) Paragenesis of mercury-ore deposits. Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of California, Los Angeles: 2; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 125.
Metastibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
Description: As red coatings in cracks in siliceous sinter restricted to the area known as "the Big Geysers"
Reference: Anonymous (1955), World news on mineral occurrences: Rocks & Minerals: 31: 462 (426 ?) (on metastibnite); Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 263; American Mineralogist (1970): 55: 2103-2104; Dunning, G.S. & Cooper, J.F. (1993): History and minerals of The Geysers Sonoma County, California. Mineralogical Record (1993): 24(5): 339-352.
Metazeunerite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Miargyrite
Formula: AgSbS2
Habit: Blocky, complex and usually un orientable to 5 mm
Colour: Black with internal red lights
Description: like the rest, the best specimens found in galena veins
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
'Mica Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 24 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
'Microlite Group'
Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Reference: Jahns, R. H. and Wright, L. A. (1951), Gem and lithium bearing pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines Special Report 7A: 72 p.
Millerite
Formula: NiS
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Millosevichite
Formula: Al2(SO4)3
Reference: Livingston, J. D., Murphy, W. M., Miller, R. M., & Ayars, E. J. (2005, December). Acid Mine Drainage and Metal Sulfate Minerals in the Shasta Mining District, California. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2005, pp. V43B-1570).
Minium
Formula: Pb3O4
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 267; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 184; Housley, R. 2008. Felix Mine cinnabar, not minium. Mindat.org article 341. June.
Mirabilite
Formula: Na2SO4 · 10H2O
Reference: Renaut, R. W., Stead, D., & Owen, R. B. (1994). The saline lakes of the Fraser Plateau, British Columbia, Canada. Global Geological Record of Lake Basins, 1, 419-423.
Mitridatite
Formula: Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Mogánite
Formula: SiO2
Reference: http://www.mindat.org/article.php/2067/Three+new+melanophlogite+pseudomorph+localities+from+Santa+Monica+Mts%2C+So.Calif.
Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Localities: Reported from at least 132 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20001
'Molybdic Ochre'
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
Molybdite
Formula: MoO3
Reference: JR Montgomery collection https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=092JNE055
'Monazite'
Formula: REE(PO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Monazite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4)
Reference: Osborn, P. (2006) Personal communication between Philip Osborn, Hemet CA. (discoverer/owner) and Scott L. Ritchie, SDMC; 07/25.
Moncheite
Formula: Pt(Te,Bi)2
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
Montebrasite
Formula: LiAl(PO4)(OH)
Description: Wet chemical Analysis shows 3.56 weight percent F (undetermined, MOSTLY F) indicating about 75% or greater of end-member montebrasite.
Reference: Kunz, G., 1904, Amblygonite, Precious Stones, Mineral Resources of the United States. Calendar Year 1903, p. 313.
Monticellite
Formula: CaMgSiO4
Reference: I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992
Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
Reference: Sheppard, R.A. and Gude, A.J. (1969a) Rhodesite from Trinity County, California. American Mineralogist: 54: 251-255; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 441; www.mineralsocal.org
Montroydite
Formula: HgO
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Bradley, W.W. (1938), Thirty-fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 34: 608; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 274; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 181.
Mordenite
Formula: (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Reference: http://www.mineralsocal.org/scfm/california/v.htm
Morenosite
Formula: NiSO4 · 7H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10033778.
Morimotoite
Formula: Ca3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Reference: Armbruster, Th., Birrer, J., Libowitzky, E., Beran, A. (1998): Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites, European Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 10, 907-921
Morinite
Formula: NaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Mosesite
Formula: (Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
Reference: The Challenge Mercury Deposit, Redwood City, San Mateo County, California.,Gail Dunning, BAM Journal, Vol. 9 No. 1.
Mottramite
Formula: PbCu(VO4)(OH)
Habit: balls and layers on marble
Colour: sparkly bright yellow
Reference: MarekC collection 2019
Mountainite
Formula: KNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
Reference: Barnes, I., J.B. Rapp & J.R. O’Neil (1972), Metamorphic assemblages and the direction of flow of metamorphic fluids in four instances of serpentinization: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 35: 264; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 442; www.mineralsocal.org.
Mountkeithite
Formula: [(Mg1-xFe3+x)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O
Reference: Steve Sorrell Collection
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 180 localities in this region.
Habit: free growing hexagonal tabular crystals in voids and pockets
Colour: silvery clear
Description: found as superb micro crystals associated with quartz and laumontite in pockets in serpentine
Reference: Ron Layton collection
Muscovite var. Fuchsite
Formula: K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Reference: Econ Geol (1991) 86:318-353
Muscovite var. Illite
Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Muscovite var. Mariposite
Formula: K(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
Reference: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=092O++018
Muscovite var. Phengite
Formula: KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 95 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Nagyágite
Formula: [Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Reference: Hershey, Oscar H. (1899), The upper Coffee Creek mining district, California: Mining & Scientific Press: 79: 689; Osborne, H.Z. (1903), The Dorleska gold mine: Mining and Scientific Press: 7: 252; Stines, Norman S. (1907), The geology of the Coffee Creek mining district, California: Mining and Scientific Press: 95: 25-26; Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 169.
Namibite
Formula: Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
Reference: Foord, E. E. (1996), Clinobisvanite, eulytite, and namibite from the Pala pegmatite district, San Diego Co., California, USA. Mineralogical Magazine 60, 387.
'Napalite'
Formula: C3H4
Reference: Yates, Robert G. & Lowell S. Hilpert (1946), Quicksilver deposits of eastern Mayacmas district, Lake and Napa Counties, California: California Division of Mines Report 42: 254-268; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 276.
Natrite
Formula: Na2CO3
Description: Occurs in solution in spring waters.
Reference: Feth, J.H., Rogers, S.M., & Roberson, C.E. (1961), Aqua de Ney, California, a spring of unique chemical character, Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta: 22(2-4): 75-76.
Natrojarosite
Formula: NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
Reference: JAMBOR, J. L. (1976): Geology and hydrothermal alteration at the Maggie porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit, South-central British Columbia
Natrolite
Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 34 localities in this region.
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Natron
Formula: Na2CO3 · 10H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 231.
Naumannite
Formula: Ag2Se
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Neotocite
Formula: (Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.
Reference: ```Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metalic Minerals, Vol. 1; M. Huntting, 1956; Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; R. Derkey, N. Joseph, R. Lasmanis, 1990
Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Reference: Arnold, Ralph & Robert Anderson (1910), Geology and oil resources of the Coalinga district, California: USGS Bulletin 398: 158; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 276; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 371.
Népouite
Formula: (Ni,Mg)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as veins in serpentine associated with laterite.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 422.
Neptunite
Formula: Na2KLiFe2+2Ti2Si8O24
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 467.
Nesquehonite
Formula: MgCO3 · 3H2O
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 279.
Nickel
Formula: Ni
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Nickeline
Formula: NiAs
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E. (2014): Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-Cu-PGE
'Nickel-iron'
Reference: Merrill, George Perkins (1888), On a new meteorite from the San Emigdio Range, San Bernardino County, California: American Journal of Science, 3rd. series: 35: 490-491
Nissonite (TL)
Formula: Cu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: Mrose, M.E., Meyrowitz, R., Alfors, J.T., and Chesterman, C.W. (1967) Nissonite. American Mineralogist: 52: 927; Hey, CIM: 498.
Niter
Formula: KNO3
Description: Occurs in salts.
Reference: Noble, Levi Fatzinger (1931), Nitrate deposits in southeastern California, with notes on deposits in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico: USGS Bulletin 820: 31; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 279; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 342.
Nitratine
Formula: NaNO3
Reference: Kohler-Antablin, S. (1994): Mineral Land Classification of the Eastern Half of Riverside County, CA. In: Open File Report 94 -11.
Nontronite
Formula: Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Reference: Weber, Harold, F. Jr. (1963): Geology and Mineral Resources of San Diego County, California, County Report 3. California Division of Mines and Geology, San Francisco
Northupite
Formula: Na3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Description: Occurs in lake mud.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 233, 235; Vonsen, Magnus (1935), The discovery of borates in California: Mineralogist: 3(12): 22; Vonsen, Magnus & G.D. Hanna (1936), Borax Lake, California: California Division Mines Report 32: 103; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 197, 280, 289, 374; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 207, 208.
Nsutite
Formula: (Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
Reference: Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
'Ochre'
Reference: USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10286232.
Offretite
Formula: KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
Reference: Micro Probe Vol. 7 No. 5 Spring '92
'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Omphacite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Essene, E.J. and W.S. Fyfe (1967) Omphacite in California metamorphic rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 15: 8; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 393.
Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 68 localities in this region.
Reference: Dibblee, T.W., Jr. (1950) Geology of southwestern Santa Barbara County, California, Point Arguello, Lompoc, Point Conception, Los Olivos, and Gaviota Quadrangles, California Division of Mines Bulletin 150: Pl. 4.
Opal var. Fire Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph (1946), Progress on revision of Bulletin 113 “Minerals of California,” with notes on some new mineral occurrences: California Division Mines Report 42: 197-198; […(abstract): Geological Society of America Bulletin: 57: 1256]: 101; USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10286923.
Opal var. Hyalite
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield ( see notes on minerals in description)
Opal var. Lemon Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Opal var. Opal-AN
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Reference: Dana 6: 1096.
Opal var. Opal-C
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Description: Dense, glassy. Occurs in silicified serpentine.
Reference: White, D.E. (1967) Mercury and base-metal deposits with associated thermal and mineral waters. In: H.L. Barnes (Editor), Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits. Holt Reinhart and Winston, New York: 591; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 351.
Opal var. Opaline
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Reference: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104J%20%20001
Opal var. Prase Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
Reference: Rocks&Min 11(8):117
Opal var. Precious Opal
Formula: SiO2 · nH2O
'Opalite'
Reference: Aubury, Lewis E. (1903), The quicksilver resources of California: California Mining Bureau Bulletin 27: 117; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 150.
'Orbicular Jasper'
Reference: Melhase, John (1934), A diversity of many fine minerals available in California for collectors: Oregon Mineralogist: 2(7): 7; Mineralogist, The (1935): 3(3): 34; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 318; www.cst.cmich.edu/users/dietr1rv/jasper.htm
Orcelite
Formula: Ni5-xAs2, x ~ 0.25
Description: Microinclusions in Josephinite pebble.
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (1992)
Oregonite (TL)
Formula: Ni2FeAs2
Type Locality:
Reference: Ramdohr V P, Schmitt M (1959) Oregonit ein neues Nickel-Eisenarsenid mit metallartigen Eigenschaften. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1959, 239-247.; Fleischer M (1960) New mineral names. American Mineralogist 45, 1130-1136; Dick, H. J. (1974). Terrestrial nickel-iron from the Josephine peridotite, its geologic occurrence, associations, and origin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 24(2), 291-298
Orickite (TL)
Formula: 2CuFeS2 · H2O
Type Locality:
Colour: Bright pale yellow
Description: Resembles chalcopyrite.
Reference: Erd, R.C. and G.K. Czamanske (1981) Orickite and coyoteite, two new sulfide minerals. American Mineralogist; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 92; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
Orpiment
Formula: As2S3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: MINFILE NUMBER: 104B 008
Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Localities: Reported from at least 34 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Orthojoaquinite-(Ce) (TL)
Formula: NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Habit: Unknown
Colour: Unknown
Reference: American Mineralogist (1982): 67: 809-816.
Osmium
Formula: (Os,Ir,Ru)
Localities: Reported from at least 28 localities in this region.
Reference: Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
Osmium var. Iridosmine
Formula: (Os,Ir)
Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.
Reference: Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
Ottrélite
Formula: (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Description: Occurs as a constituent of ottrelite schist.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 137.
Owyheeite ?
Formula: Ag3Pb10Sb11S28
Habit: Stacked rings that look like tubes
Colour: grayish black
Description: These tubes (stacked rings) are rare and one was analysed with SEM by Don Howard as Boulangerite and published in the Min Rec article. Another set of stacked rings that were associated with Fizelyite were analysed (probed) by Yves Moelo as Owyheeite which was what tubulite was being called at the time.
Reference: Moello (Private Communication)
Palladium
Formula: (Pd,Pt)
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
Palygorskite
Formula: (Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O
Reference: Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 791 (1986)
Paradocrasite
Formula: Sb2(Sb,As)2
Reference: Identified from the Engineer Mine by Cureton 1996 [Min Rec 27(1)70-71]. Gunnar Färber [?]
Paragonite
Formula: NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Pararealgar (TL)
Formula: As4S4
Type Locality:
Reference: ROBERTS, A.C., ANSELL, H.G. & BONARDI, M. (1980): Pararealgar, a new polymorph of AsS, from British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist 18, 525-527. BONAZZI, P., MENCHETTI, S. & PRATESI, G. (1995): The crystal structure of pararealgar, As4S4. American Mineralogist 80, 400-403.
Parauranophane
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster, Stone, J., and Stieff, L.R. (1969) The ages of three uranium minerals, Mojave Desert, California. USGS Prof. Paper 650-B: 87; Saul, R.B., Evans, J.R., and Gray, C.H. (1970) Mines and mineral resources of Riverside County. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 9. Unpublished manuscript: 1209; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 303, 516.
Parkerite
Formula: Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E., 2014. Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-CuPGE deposit, Hope, B.C. In: Geological Fieldwork 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 2014-1, pp. 141-156.
Parsettensite
Formula: (K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Reference: Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
Pecoraite
Formula: Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Reference: No reference listed
Pectolite
Formula: NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Habit: Radiating aggregates
Description: Occurs as radiating masses of compact material in veins in basalt.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 284; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 410.
Pentahydrite
Formula: MgSO4 · 5H2O
Reference: Jeffrey Weissman collection
Pentlandite
Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8
Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Wise, W. S., & Moller, W. P. (1995). Geology and Mineralogy of the New Idria District: San Benito and Fresno Counties, California. Rocks & Minerals, 70(1), 30-35.
'Petroleum'
Description: Occurs as a dark, heavy oil.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 165.
'Petroleum var. Bitumen'
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Habit: amorphous
Colour: black
Description: as mass's of amorphous black material in and with quartz crystals in veins throughout serpentine country rock
Reference: Ron Layton collection
Petzite
Formula: Ag3AuTe2
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Pharmacolite
Formula: Ca(HAsO4) · 2H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 707; Irelan, William, Jr. (1890a), Ninth annual report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 9, 352 pp.: 47; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 287.
Phenakite
Formula: Be2SiO4
Reference: Can.Rockhound v.3, no.1
Phillipsite-K
Formula: (K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Reference: Micro Probe Volume VI Number 4
'Phillipsite Subgroup'
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
'Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite'
Formula: (K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 383; www.mineralsocal.org; Tony Kampf (PXRD analysis)
Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: Watson, P. 1984, The Whitehorse Copper Belt a Compilation, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, Open File 1984-1; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Phosphosiderite
Formula: FePO4 · 2H2O
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Phurcalite
Formula: Ca2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
Reference: Braitwaite, R., Paar, W., and Chisholm, J., 1989, Phurcalite from Dartmoor, Southwest England,and its Identity with 'Nisaite' from Portugal, Mineralogical Magazine, 53:583-589.
Pickeringite
Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 526; Allen, Eugene T. & Arthur L. Day (1927), Steam wells and other thermal activity at “The Geysers,” California: Carnegie Institute Washington Publication 378: 45; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 264.
Picropharmacolite
Formula: Ca4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2O
Reference: Maggie Wilson
Piemontite
Formula: {Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Smith, D., and Albee, A.L. (1967): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 16, 189-203.
Pilsenite
Formula: Bi4Te3
Reference: JR Montgomery collection
Pirssonite
Formula: Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 233, 235; Vonsen, Magnus (1935), The discovery of borates in California: Mineralogist: 3(12): 22; Vonsen, Magnus & G.D. Hanna (1936), Borax Lake, California: California Division Mines Report 32: 104; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 280, 289, 359, 374; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 207, 208.
'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Plagionite
Formula: Pb5Sb8S17
Reference: Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990 personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://data.geology.gov.yk.ca/Occurrence/12811#InfoTab
Platarsite
Formula: PtAsS
Description: Ir-rich
Reference: Alfredo Petrov specimen, probed 08-2019.
Platinum
Formula: Pt
Localities: Reported from at least 87 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon 1975
Platinum var. Polyxene
Formula: (Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Reference: Alfredo Petrov, SEM/EDS results October 2018.
'Platinum-Group Elements'
Reference: USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10038066.
Plumbojarosite ?
Formula: Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
Poitevinite (TL)
Formula: (Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O
Type Locality:
Reference: JAMBOR, J.L., LACHANCE, G.R. & COURVILLE, S. (1964): Poitevinite, a new mineral. Canadian Mineralogist 8, 109-110. GIESTER,G., LENGAUER, C.L. & REDHAMMER, G.J. (1994): Characterization of the FeSO4$H2O-CuSO4$H2O solid-solution series, and the nature of poitevinite, (Cu,Fe)SO4$H2O. Canadian Mineralogist 32, 873-884.
Polybasite
Formula: [Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Description: At K1, very rarely found in superb black crystals to about 2mm.
Reference: R. O. Meyer collection, composition confirmed by EDS/WDS analysis and morphological consistency
Polydymite
Formula: Ni2+Ni3+2S4
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E. (2014): Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-Cu-PGE
Portlandite
Formula: Ca(OH)2
Reference: Manor, M.J., Scoates, J.S., Nixon,G.T., and Ames, D.E. (2014): Platinum-group mineralogy of the Giant Mascot Ni-Cu-PGE
Posnjakite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Colour: pale blue
Description: pale blue crystals, distinct color from brochantite
Reference: Dr. Robert Housley, pers. comm., 04/2022, collected decades ago, Raman confirmed.
Potassic-chloro-hastingsite
Formula: KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
Reference: L. A. Dick and G. W. Robinson (1979) Chlorine-bearing potassian hastingsite from a sphalerite skarn in southern Yukon. Can Mineral 17:25-26
Powellite
Formula: Ca(MoO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Prehnite
Formula: Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975
Priceite (TL)
Formula: Ca2B5O7(OH)5 · H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 342.
Probertite
Formula: NaCa[B5O7(OH)4] · 3H2O
Description: Occurs as compacted rosettes of rather coarse needles in borax ore. Lenticular aggregates of slender, radiating prisms to 15 mm x 5 mm.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph (1945), Probertite from Los Angeles County, California: American Mineralogist: 30: 719-721; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 258.
Proustite
Formula: Ag3AsS3
Description: At K1, compositionally between Proustite and Pyrargyrite, ruby silver occurs very rarely associated with polybasite, xanthoconite, tetrahedrite, and quartz. The crystals are often rounded and indistinct, but occasionally form in nice crystals to about 2 mm in size.
Reference: R. O. Meyer collection, composition confirmed by EDS/WDS analysis and morphological consistency
Pseudobrookite
Formula: Fe2TiO5
Reference: R. Housley, pers.comm., SEM-EDS verified, 2014
Pseudolaueite
Formula: Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Colour: Brown
Description: Occurs as fibrous, rod-like crystals with circular cross-section.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 312.
Pseudomalachite
Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Colour: Green
Description: Occurs as botryoidal masses with perovskite and melanite.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 322.
'Psilomelane'
Localities: Reported from at least 108 localities in this region.
Reference: Smith, Lewis A. (1931), Manganese and manganiferous ores: Mineral Resources U.S., 1928, part 1: 213; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 299.; Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
Pucherite
Formula: Bi(VO4)
Reference: [Mineralogical Record 29:164]
Pumpellyite-(Mg)
Formula: Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Reference: Tsujimori, Tatsuki, Liou, Juhn G., and Coleman, Robert G., 2007, Finding of High-Grade Tectonic Blocks from the New Idria Serpentinite Body, Diablo Range, California: Petrologic Constraints on the Tectonic Evolution of a Tectonic Diapir, Geolgical Society of America Special Paperr 419, p. 67-80.
'Pumpellyite Subgroup'
Formula: Ca2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975
Purpurite
Formula: Mn3+(PO4)
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Pyrargyrite
Formula: Ag3SbS3
Localities: Reported from at least 21 localities in this region.
Habit: Hexagonal prisms with trigonal terminations
Description: There are two generations of Pyrargyrite. The first was almost all remobilised and was near the last to deposit. See the paragenesis in Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Localities: Reported from at least 982 localities in this region.
Reference: MINFILE No 103H 034
Pyrite var. Bravoite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)S2
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Pyrite var. Gold-bearing Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
Pyroaurite
Formula: Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Description: Occurs as intergrowths with reevesite on slickensides of serpentine.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 198.
'Pyrobitumen'
Reference: MINFILE NUMBER: 104B 008
Pyrochroite
Formula: Mn(OH)2
Reference: Rogers, Austin Flint (1919b), An interesting occurrence of manganese minerals near San Jose, California: American Journal of Science, 4th. Series: 48: 445; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 235, 302; www.mineralsocal.org; USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10077482.
Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
Localities: Reported from at least 79 localities in this region.
Reference: Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Reference: Blake, Wm. P. (1867b), Mineralogical notices II: American Journal of Science, 2nd. series: 43: 124-125; Hanks, Henry Garber (1885), Fifth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau Report 5, 235 pp.: 125; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 126, 305, 364.
Pyrope
Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 393; http://geology.about.com/library/bl/images/bleclogite.htm
Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: albite alunite andalusite andesine anorthite apatite biotite calcite chalcopyrite chlorite clinozoisite corundum covellite diaspore dickite dumortierite enargite epidote galena gibbsite gold hematite kaolinite K-feldspar laumonite magnetite malachite muscovite orthoclase pyrite pyrophyllite quartz “REE phosphate” rutile sericite siderite sphalerite "sulfosalt" tennantite tetradymite "tourmaline" zoisite
Pyrostilpnite
Formula: Ag3SbS3
Habit: prismatic, twinning to form sheaves
Colour: orange
Description: small xls up to .6 mm. They were considered extremely rare until John Dagenais started looking for them at 75x!
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Localities: Reported from at least 292 localities in this region.
Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)7S8
Reference: Aubury, Lewis E. (1902), The copper resources of California: California Mining Bureau Bulletin 23: 105; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 312.
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 1535 localities in this region.
Habit: hexagonal
Colour: clear to milky
Description: found as nice single crystals (to 1 cm) and clusters in veins in serpentine
Reference: Ron Layton collection
Quartz var. Agate
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: S. Leaming (1973) Rock and Mineral Collecting in British Columbia. GSC Paper 72-53
Quartz var. Agate-Jasper
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Joseph Freillich photo
Quartz var. Amethyst
Formula: SiO2
Description: Occurs as crystals in vugs.
Reference: Symons, Henry Heilbronner (1940), Quartz gem stones of California: Rocks & Minerals: 15: 41; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 315.
Quartz var. Carnelian
Reference: Dorothy M. Schlegal (1957) Gem Stones of the United States : USGS Bulletin 1042-G
Quartz var. Chalcedony
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 85 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs as replacement material of bones.
Reference: Ransom, J.E. (1966) The rocks and fossils of California’s Rincon. Gems and Minerals: 351: 30-32; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 350.
Quartz var. Citrine
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Rocks & Min.: 15:41.
Quartz var. Clear Lake Diamond
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Amir Akhavan Collection
Quartz var. Fortification Agate
Formula: SiO2
Reference: mineralsocal.org
Quartz var. Iris Agate
Formula: SiO2
Description: Occurs in amygdules in an outcrop.
Reference: Jones, F.T. (1952) Iris Agate. American Mineralogist: 37: 578-587; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 344.
Quartz var. Jasper
Localities: Reported from at least 33 localities in this region.
Reference: ```Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metalic Minerals, Vol. 1; M. Huntting, 1956; Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; R. Derkey, N. Joseph, R. Lasmanis, 1990
Quartz var. Milky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Webb, R. W. 1942. Two Andalusite Pegmatites from Riverside County, California. The American Mineralogist. 28(11-12):581-593.
Quartz var. Moss Agate
Formula: SiO2
Description: Large masses.
Reference: Kunz, George Frederick (1901), Precious stones: Mineral Resources U.S., 1900: 763; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 317.
Quartz var. Myrickite
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 318.
Quartz var. Plume Agate
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Housley, R. (2013), Eleven New Melanophlogite Pseudomorph Occurrences in Southern California, Mindat.org article 1772.
Quartz var. Prase
Formula: SiO2
Description: Occurs as a 10 inch (25.5 cm) vein; gem quality.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 282.
Quartz var. Rock Crystal
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
Quartz var. Rose Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: https://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,6,460388,460532#msg-460532
Quartz var. Rutilated Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Kunz, George Frederick (1901), Precious stones: Mineral Resources U.S., 1900: 763; Kunz, George Frederick (1905a), Gems, jewelers’ materials, and ornamental stones of California: California Division Mines Bulletin 37, 171 pp.: 70; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 315; Rocks & Minerals (1996): 71(4): 250.
Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=104N++087
'Quartz-beta' ?
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Rader, W.L. (1998), Zeolite-group minerals of the Conejo Volcanics, Santa Monica Mountains, Los Angeles and Ventura Counties. Mineral News: 14(9): 1-10.
Quenstedtite
Formula: Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O
Reference: Gomi, A. (2001) Suisyou (Quartz), 50, #3, 173-180.
Rasvumite
Formula: KFe2S3
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., M.A. Lamphere, R.C. Erd & M.C. Blake (1978) Age measurement of potassium-bearing sulfide minerals by the 40Ar/39Ar technique: Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.: 40: 107-110; Czamanske, G.K., R.C. Erd, M.N. Sokolova, M.G. Dobovol’skaya & M.T. Dmitrieva (1979), New data on rasvumite and djerfisherite: American Mineralogist: 64: 776-778; Czamanske, G.K., B.F. Leonard & J.R. Clark (1980), Erdite, a new hydrated sodium iron sulfide mineral: American Mineralogist: 65: 509-515; Konnert, J.A. and Evans, H.T. (1980) The crystal structure of erdite, NaFeS2 •2H2O. American Mineralogist: 65: 516-521; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 67; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254; www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.
Realgar
Formula: As4S4
Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.
Reference: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=092O++018
Redingtonite (TL)
Formula: (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Type Locality:
Colour: Pale purple (lilac)
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 529; Mineralogical Record (1971): 2: 152; Becker, George F. (1888b), Geology of the quicksilver deposits of the Pacific slope: USGS Monograph 13, atlas: 486; Melville, William Harlow & Waldemar Lindgren (1890), Contributions to the mineralogy of the Pacific coast: USGS Bulletin 61, 40pp.: 23; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 264.
Reevesite
Formula: Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
Colour: Yellow-green
Description: Occurs as crusts on serpentine.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 199.
Revdite
Formula: Na16Si16O27(OH)26 · 28H2O
Reference: Gunnar Farber - Mineralienliste, 1-2018.
Rhodesite
Formula: KHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Colour: White
Description: Flat rosettes of silky material.
Reference: Sheppard, R.A. and Gude, A.J. (1969a) Rhodesite from Trinity County, California. American Mineralogist: 54: 251-255 Barnes, I., J.B. Rapp & J.R. O’Neil (1972), Metamorphic assemblages and the direction of flow of metamorphic fluids in four instances of serpentinization: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 35: 264 Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 441, 442
Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 91 localities in this region.
Reference: `Inventory of Washington Minerals, Part II, Metalic Minerals, Vol. 1; M. Huntting, 1956; Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975; Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; R. Derkey, N. Joseph, R. Lasmanis, 1990.
Rhodonite
Formula: CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Localities: Reported from at least 68 localities in this region.
Reference: Trengrove, Russell R. (1960), Reconnaissance of California Manganese Deposits, U.S. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigation 5579: 14; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 323.
Rhomboclase
Formula: (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Reference: MinRec 22:382; Mineralogical Record 22:381-382; Nordstrom, D. K. and Alpers, C. N. (1999): Negative pH, efflorescent mineralogy, and consequences for environmental restauration at the Iron Mountain Superfund site, California. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 96, 3455-3462.; Majzlan, J., Alpers, C. N., Koch, C. B., McCleskey, R. B., Myneni, S. C., & Neil, J. M. (2011). Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 284(3), 296-305.
Richterite
Formula: {Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Reference: www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.
Riebeckite
Formula: ◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Erd, R.C., Ohashi, Y. (1984) Santaclaraite, a new calcium-manganese silicate hydrate from California. American Mineralogist, 69(1-2), 200-206.
'Riebeckite Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻[Na2][Z2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 70.
'Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite'
Formula: ◻[Na2][Z2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 70.
Ringwoodite ?
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)2SiO4
Reference: www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/faculty/Bird.html
Robertsite
Formula: Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Römerite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Anthony R. Kampf & FM Locality Index Committee (1989) California Locality Index. Mineralogical Record, 20:129-142.
Roscoelite
Formula: K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Description: Millonig et al (2017) reported that the "roscoelite" at the Engineer mine is, in fact, a vanadian illite.
Reference: Millonig et al. (2017) "The Engineer Mine, British Columbia: An example of epithermal Au-Ag mineralization with mixed alkaline and sub alkaline characteristics." Ore Geology Reviews 83:235–257. Mauthner, M.H. , Groat, L.A. and Raudsepp, M. (1996). "The Engineer Mine, Tagish Lake, British Columbia." Mineralogical Record, 27(4),pp:263-273. G. W. Robinson, V. King (1993) Whats New in Minerals. Mineralogical Record 24:381-395 Mauthner, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks & Minerals 81:14-22
Rosenhahnite (TL)
Formula: HCa3[Si3O9(OH)]
Type Locality:
Description: Occurs as veins in dark gray boulders.
Reference: Pabst, Adolf, Gross, E.B., and Alfors, J.T. (1967) Rosenhahnite, a new hydrous calcium silicate from Mendocino County, California. American Mineralogist: 52: 336-351; Wan, C., Ghose, S., and Gibbs, G.V. (1977a) Rosenhahnite, Ca3Si3O8(OH)2: crystal structure and stereochemical configuration of the hydroxylated trisilicate group [Si3O8(OH)2]. American Mineralogist: 62: 503; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 407, 409; American Mineralogist (2002): 87: 184.
Rosickýite
Formula: S
Reference: www.mineralsocal.org
Rozenite
Formula: FeSO4 · 4H2O
Reference: Majzlan, J., Alpers, C. N., Koch, C. B., McCleskey, R. B., Myneni, S. C., & Neil, J. M. (2011). Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 284(3), 296-305.
Rucklidgeite
Formula: PbBi2Te4
Fluorescence: none
Description: Rucklidgeite has been observed in polished section, but most Rucklidgeite that has been tested turned out as Tellurobismuthite. Over a hundred single crystals probed at the British museum showed a host of these different minerals, all visually indistinguishable, but without SCXRD the identities are tentative. Initially it was thought that the presence of Pb nailed rucklidgeite, but that is not true. Both EMPA and SCXRD are needed to nail these minerals. Most specimens obtained with a rucklidgeite label are not rucklidgeite.
Reference: ; British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, Geological Fieldwork, 1986, Paper 1987-1, pp. 15-22
Rutheniridosmine (TL)
Formula: (Ir,Os,Ru)
Reference: HARRIS, D.C. & CABRI, L.J. (1973): The nomenclature of the natural alloys of osmium, iridium and ruthenium based on new compositional data of alloys from world-wide occurrences. Canadian Mineralogist 12, 104-112. HARRIS, D.C. & CABRI, L.J. (1991): Nomenclature of platinum-group-element alloys: review and revision. Canadian Mineralogist 29, 231-237.
Ruthenium
Formula: (Ru,Ir)
Reference: Tony Nikischer
Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 46 localities in this region.
Habit: Trilling to sixlings
Colour: red
Description: Micro xls to 2 mm
Reference: Ty Balacko specimens
Safflorite
Formula: (Co,Ni,Fe)As2
Reference: JR Montgomery collection https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=092JNE068
Salammoniac
Formula: NH4Cl
Colour: White
Description: Occurs as crystalline incrustations in Monterey Shale.
Reference: Rogers, Austin Flint (1912), Notes on rare minerals from California: Columbia University, School of Mines Quarterly: 33: 373; Clearwater, C.D. (1944), “Burning Canyon”: Palisadian: 16(49): 2; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 326.
Samarskite-(Y)
Formula: YFe3+Nb2O8
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Sanidine
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Colour: White
Description: Occurs as megascopic crystals in a rhyolite flow.
Reference: Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County, California. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 75, 97; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 361.
Santaclaraite (TL)
Formula: CaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
Colour: Pink
Reference: Erd, R.C. and Y. Ohashi (1981) Santaclaraite, a new manganese silicate from California, American Mineralogist: 66: 154-168; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 414; American Mineralogist (1984): 69: 200-206.; Pete J. Dunn, Donald R. Peacor, Richard C. Erd, and Robert A. Ramik (1986) Franciscanite and örebroite, two new minerals from California and Sweden, related to redefined welinite. American Mineralogist, 71:1522-1526.
Saponite
Formula: Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Reference: http://www.mineralsocal.org/scfm/california/v.htm
Sassolite
Formula: H3BO3
Habit: Tiny transparent flakes
Description: One specimen of tiny, transparent flakes.
Reference: Smith, Robert Leland (1958), Some new occurrences of sassolite in the United States: American Mineralogist: 43: 1204; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 239; Dunning, G. S. & Cooper, J. F. (1993): History and minerals of The Geysers Sonoma County, California. Mineralogical Record: 24(5): 339-352.
'Scapolite'
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Scheelite
Formula: Ca(WO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 98 localities in this region.
Reference: Mauthier, M. and C. A. Francis (2006) Gold Crystal Localities of British Columbia, Canada. Rocks & Minerals 81:14-22
Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.
Reference: Stevenson (1939)
Schorlomite
Formula: Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Description: Crystals to 5 mm.
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., B.F. Leonard & J.R. Clark (1980), Erdite, a new hydrated sodium iron sulfide mineral: American Mineralogist: 65: 508; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 495; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
Schröckingerite
Formula: NaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 332.
Schuetteite (TL)
Formula: Hg2+3(SO4)O2
Description: Abundant on dump.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 303; American Mineralogist: 64(3-4): 1026-1038.
Schwertmannite
Formula: Fe3+16(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
Reference: Gunnar Färber
Scolecite
Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Reference: Rocks & Minerals (1991) 66:286-292
Scorodite
Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Semseyite
Formula: Pb9Sb8S21
Habit: Cockscomb sheaves that are characteristic
Colour: lead grey
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Senarmontite
Formula: Sb2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Sepiolite
Formula: Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Description: Occurs as an accessory mineral in marble.
Reference: Leo, G.W. (1967) The plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the Ben Lomond Mountain area, Santa Cruz County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 91: 41; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 441.
Serandite
Formula: NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)
Colour: Cream-coloured to brownish
Description: Occurs as the remnants of crystals 1 to 2 mm long on the surface of vein walls.
Reference: Wise, W.S & Gill, R.H. (1977): Minerals of the Benitoite Gem mine. Mineralogical Record 8, 442-452; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 410.
'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Localities: Reported from at least 190 localities in this region.
Reference: Watson, P. 1984, The Whitehorse Copper Belt a Compilation, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, Open File 1984-1; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
'Serpentine Subgroup var. Marmolite'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Colour: Light green
Reference: Becker, George F. (1888), Geology of the quicksilver deposits of the Pacific slope: USGS Monograph 13, atlas: 110; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 335.
'Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing Serpentine'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Reference: Bradley, W.W. (1940), Thirty-sixth report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 36: 222; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 222.
'Serpentine Subgroup var. Picrolite'
Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Reference: (inclusions in "josephinite" nuggets) Dick, H.J.B. (1974) Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 24, 291-298.
Shirokshinite
Formula: K(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
Description: "1 miles [sic] south of Pieta Creek, 4 miles north east [sic] of Cloverdale"
Reference: Gunnar Färber
'Sicklerite'
Formula: Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
Localities: Reported from at least 36 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Siderite var. Manganese-bearing Siderite
Formula: (Fe,Mn)CO3
Habit: Rhombic
Description: Occurs as small rhombic crystals.
Reference: Chesterman, C.W. (1966b), Mineralogy of the Laytonville quarry, Mendocino County, California, in: Geology of Northern California: California Division Mines & Geol. Bulletin 190: 506; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 212.
Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite
Formula: (Fe,Mg)CO3
Reference: Noguchi, T., Nakamura, T., & Nozaki, W. (2001) Phyllosilicate-rich Micrometeorites and Their Origins: Implication from Comparison of Mineralogy with Some Carbonaceous Chondrites. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, vol. 36, Supplement, p.A150
Siderotil
Formula: FeSO4 · 5H2O
Reference: Majzlan, J., Alpers, C. N., Koch, C. B., McCleskey, R. B., Myneni, S. C., & Neil, J. M. (2011). Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 284(3), 296-305.
Siegenite
Formula: CoNi2S4
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Silhydrite (TL)
Formula: Si3O6 · H2O
Type Locality:
Colour: White
Description: Occurs as soft micro-crystalline grains, 4 microns or less in size.
Reference: Gude, A.J. and Sheppard, R.A. (1972) Silhydrite, 3SiO2 •H2O, a new mineral from Trinity County, California. American Mineralogist: 57: 1053-1065
'Silica'
Localities: Reported from at least 38 localities in this region.
Reference: McCulloch, W.C., Oesterling, W.A., Spurck, W.H., & Tischler, M.S. (1964), Minerals for Industry, Northern California, Southern Pacific Company: Vol. II: 187; USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10239002.
Silicon
Formula: Si
Reference: www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/faculty/Bird.html
Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster, Stone, J., and Levine, H. (1957) Brannerite from San Bernardino County, California. American Mineralogist: 42: 30-38.
Silver
Formula: Ag
Localities: Reported from at least 51 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Silver var. Native Amalgam
Formula: (Ag,Hg)
Reference: Econ Geol (1996) 91:1098-1114; MINFILE NUMBER: 104B 008
Skutterudite
Formula: CoAs3
Reference: Bradley, W.W. (1939), Thirty-fifth report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 35: 497; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 180, 340.
'Smectite Group'
Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Reference: Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
Reference: McLaughlin, R.J., Sorg, D.H., Morton, J.L., Theodore, T.G., Meyer, C.E., Delevaux, M.H. (1985) Paragenesis and tectonic significance of base and precious metal occurrences along the San Andreas Fault at Point Delgada, California. Economic Geology, 80:2, 344-359.
Sodalite
Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., B.F. Leonard & J.R. Clark (1980), Erdite, a new hydrated sodium iron sulfide mineral: American Mineralogist: 65: 506-515; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 367; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254; www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.
Sonolite
Formula: Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2
Reference: Dunn, P.J., Peacor, D.R., Erd, R.C., Ramik, R.A. (1986) Franciscanite and örebroite, two new minerals from California and Sweden, related to redefined welinite. American Mineralogist, 71, 1522-1526.
Spangolite
Formula: Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Reference: Personal collection of John Dagenais
Sperrylite
Formula: PtAs2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Spessartine
Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Reference: Metal Mines of Washington-Preliminary Report; Derkey, Joseph, Lasmanis
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Localities: Reported from at least 369 localities in this region.
Sphalerite var. Marmatite
Formula: (Zn,Fe)S
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.
Reference: Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Spinel var. Pleonaste
Formula: (Mg,Fe)Al2O4
Reference: SDSU Geology Department unpublished field trip guide, circa 1980.
Spodumene
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Spodumene var. Kunzite
Formula: LiAlSi2O6
Reference: Journal of Pegmatology v. 1, no. 1. (2002)
Stannite
Formula: Cu2FeSnS4
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Stannoidite
Formula: Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Starkeyite
Formula: MgSO4 · 4H2O
Description: Occurs as veins in troilite.
Reference: Snetsinger, K.G. (1973) Ferroan starkeyite from Del Norte County, California. Canadian Mineralogist: 12: 229; Snetsinger, K.G. (1975) What’s in a name: starkeyite vs. leonhardite. Mineralogical Record: 6: 144-145; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266.
Starkeyite var. Iron-bearing Starkeyite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O
Colour: Cream-coloured
Description: Occurs as fine-grained efflorescences on troilite.
Reference: Snetsinger, K.G. (1973) Ferroan starkeyite from Del Norte County, California. Canadian Mineralogist: 12: 229; Snetsinger, K.G. (1975) What’s in a name: starkeyite vs. leonhardite. Mineralogical Record: 6: 144-145; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 266.
Staurolite
Formula: Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
Reference: Hawkes, H. E., Jr.; Wells, F. G.; Wheeler, D. P., Jr. (1942) Chromite and quicksilver deposits of the Del Puerto area, Stanislaus County, California. USGS Bulletin 936D
Stellerite
Formula: Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Description: Abundant in irregular veins in a quartz latite stock.
Reference: Larsen, Esper Signius (1948), Batholith and associated rocks of Corona, Elsinore, and San Luis Rey quadrangles, southern California: Geological Society of America Memoir 29: 182 pp.: 111; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 380.
Stephanite
Formula: Ag5SbS4
Reference: Econ Geol (1996) 91:1098-1114; British Columbia Geological Survey, Minfile database.
Sternbergite ?
Formula: AgFe2S3
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Stevensite
Formula: (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Reference: www.benitoitemine.com
Stibarsen
Formula: AsSb
Reference: Mark H.F. Mauthner, Groat, L.A. and Raudsepp, M. (1996). "The Engineer Mine, Tagish Lake, British Columbia." Mineralogical Record, 27(4),pp:263-273. G. W. Robinson, V. King (1993) Whats New in Minerals. Mineralogical Record 24:381-395
'Stibiconite'
Formula: Sb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
'Stibioferrite'
Reference: Goldsmith, E. (1873), Stibioferrite, a new mineral from Santa Clara County, California: Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia Proceedings: 25: 369; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 379.
Stibiotantalite
Formula: Sb(Ta,Nb)O4
Reference: Phil Osborn collection, circa 1981.
Stibnite
Formula: Sb2S3
Localities: Reported from at least 73 localities in this region.
Description: Reference is not mine specific but probably refers to the Marquart (Cambria) Mine.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 351.
'Stilbite Subgroup'
Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 20 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Stilpnomelane
Formula: (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.
Reference: Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975
Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite
Formula: (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Reference: Wood, R. W. (1979) The iron-rich blueschist facies minerals: 2. Howieite. Mineralogical Magazine 43:363-370.; Robert Muir Wood (1982) The Laytonville Quarry (Mendocino County California) Exotic Block: Iron-rich Blueschist-Facies Subduction-Zone Metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine 45:87-99.
Stilpnomelane var. Ferristilpnomelane
Formula: K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Habit: Plumose and interlaminated aggregates.
Reference: Chesterman, C.W. (1966b), Mineralogy of the Laytonville quarry, Mendocino County, California, in: Geology of Northern California: California Division Mines & Geol. Bulletin 190: 506; Rice, S.J. (1966) A new mineral locality. California Division of Mines and Geology Mineral Information Service: 19: 7; Onucki, H. and Ernst, W.G. (1969) Coexisting sodic amphiboles and sodic pyroxenes from blueschist facies metamorphic rocks. Mineralogical Association of America Special Paper 2: 242; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 432.
Strengite
Formula: FePO4 · 2H2O
Reference: Fisher, J. (2002) Gem and Rare-Element Pegmatites of Southern California. The Mineralogical Record: 33(5): 363-407.
Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
Description: Occurs as compact masses and slender needles in colemanite.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 354; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 217.
Strontiojoaquinite (TL)
Formula: Sr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Habit: Steep pseudotetragonal, bipyramidal.
Colour: Green, yellow-green, yellow-brown (uncommon)
Description: Occurs in the New Idria serpentinite body in albite-lined fractures cutting blueschist.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 470; www.mineralsocal.org; William S. Wise (1982) Strontiojoaquinite and bario-orthojoaquinite: two new members of the joaquinite group . American Mineralogist 67:809-816.; Dunning, G. E., Walstrom, R. E., & Lechner, W. (2018) Barium Silicate Mineralogy of the Western Margin, North American Continent, Part Geology, Origin, Paragenesis and Mineral Distribution from Baja California Norte, Mexico, Western Canada and Alaska, USA. Baymin Journal, Vol. 19, No. 5
Sulphur
Formula: S8
Localities: Reported from at least 30 localities in this region.
Reference: Tony Kampf (PXRD analysis)
Sursassite
Formula: Mn2+2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
Reference: MinRec 4:290
Sylvanite
Formula: AgAuTe4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Stines, Norman S. (1907), The geology of the Coffee Creek mining district, California: Mining and Scientific Press: 95: 25-26; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 357; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 110.
Symplesite
Formula: Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Reference: Tyrrell & Graham (1913), Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada 7, sec. 4: 13-18; Traill (1983), Geol. Soc. of Canada Paper 80-18.
Szaibélyite
Formula: MgBO2(OH)
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 377.
Szomolnokite
Formula: FeSO4 · H2O
Reference: Majzlan, J., Alpers, C. N., Koch, C. B., McCleskey, R. B., Myneni, S. C., & Neil, J. M. (2011). Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 284(3), 296-305.
Taenite
Formula: (Fe,Ni)
Reference: Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990.
Tainiolite
Formula: KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Habit: platy euhedral 1mm thick and 3 mm in diameter
Reference: Erd, R.C.,Czamanske, G.K. & Meyer, C.E.(1983): Taeniolite an uncommon lithium-mica from Coyote Peak, Humboldt County, California. Mineralogical Record 14, 39-40; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 430; www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/usa.htm.
Talc
Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 81 localities in this region.
Reference: Watson, P. 1984, The Whitehorse Copper Belt a Compilation, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, Open File 1984-1; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Talc var. Steatite
Formula: Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
Reference: Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County, California. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 54; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 396.
Taneyamalite
Formula: (Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Reference: Econ Geol (1992) 87:2023-2040; Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502. Huebner, J. S., Flohr, M. J., & Grossman, J. N. (1992). Chemical fluxes and origin of a manganese carbonate-oxide-silicate deposit in bedded chert. Chemical Geology, 100(1-2), 93-118.
'Tantalite'
Formula: (Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Reference: Todd, V. R. et al. (1987) Mineral Resources of the Sawtooth Mountains and Carrizo Gorge/ Eastern McCain Valley Wilderness Study Areas, San Diego County, California. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1711-B, 26 p., maps.
Tantite
Formula: Ta2O5
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax
Taramellite
Formula: Ba4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Reference: American Mineralogist, Volume 69, pages 358-373, 1984
Teepleite (TL)
Formula: Na2[B(OH)4]Cl
Type Locality:
Description: Occurred in pools of brine remaining after a period of extreme desiccation.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 373; Bradley, W.W. (1938), Thirty-fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Division Mines Report 34: 297; Gale, William Alexander, W.F. Foshag & Magnus Vonsen (1939), Teepleite, a new mineral from Borax Lake, California: American Mineralogist: 24: 48-52; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 359; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 261, 262.
Tellurium
Formula: Te
Reference: Tucker, W. Burling (1925), San Diego, Ventura Counties: California Mining Bureau. Report 21: 344; Weber, F.H., Jr. (1963a) Mines and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 3, 309 pp.: 130; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 51.
Tellurobismuthite
Formula: Bi2Te3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Habit: Hexagonal plates
Colour: britht silver grey to black.
Fluorescence: none
Description: Over a hundred visually identical xls were probed at BMNH and showed a host of related species, but without SCXRD the identifications are tentative. Across the basal plane there is little variation in the probed chemistry but perpendicular to the basal plane the was some variation in probed chemistry.
Reference: Bart Cannon, Joe Vajdac
Temagamite
Formula: Pd3HgTe3
Reference: Garagan, M. J. (2014). Textural and spatial relationship between platinum-group elements and alteration assemblages in the Afton porphyry system, Kamloops, British Columbia. BS Thesis St. Marys University, Halifax Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
Reference: MINFILE No 092INE023
'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'
Reference: Robb, S. (2020). Distribution of platinum group elements in the New Afton alkalic Cu-Au porphyry deposit, Kamloops, British Columbia (Masters dissertation, Carleton University).
Tenorite
Formula: CuO
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: Hanks, Henry Garber (1884), Fourth report of the State Mineralogist: California Mining Bureau. Report 4, 410 pp. (includes catalog of minerals of California pp. 63-410), and miscellaneous observations on mineral products): 259; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 361.
Tephroite
Formula: Mn2+2SiO4
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.39
Terlinguaite
Formula: [Hg3]4+Hg2+Cl2O2
Colour: Sulphur-yellow
Reference: Bailey, Edgar H. (1942), Quicksilver deposits of the Parkfield district, California: USGS Bulletin 936-F: 159; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 115, 197.
Tetradymite
Formula: Bi2Te2S
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: MINFILE No 103H 034
Tetraferroplatinum
Formula: PtFe
Reference: Alfredo Petrov collection
'Tetrahedrite Group'
Formula: M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Localities: Reported from at least 109 localities in this region.
Habit: sharp tetrahedra, occasionally modified
Colour: black with internal red lights as to be expected with Zincian Tetrahedrite
Description: This tetrahedrite contains 20% Ag, 5% Zn,1% Fe, As<1% by wt.
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite'
Formula: (Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
Description: At K1, originally referred to as freibergite, analysis revealed far too little silver for that species. Superb micro-sized lustrous crystals to 5mm, occasionally growing in cavities of pick rhodochrosite, which makes for very attractive specimens.
Reference: R. O. Meyer collection, composition confirmed by EDS/WDS analysis and morphological consistency
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)
Formula: Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Description: See Terahedrite at Van Silver
Reference: Woodside, R.W.M., Soregaroli, A.E., Ansell, H.G., Twaites, B.L., Balacko T.W. (2000): Rare sulfosalts from the Van Silver Mine, British Columbia. Mineralogical Record, 31(3), 219-229.
Tetrataenite
Formula: FeNi
Reference: Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data of 2017
Thénardite
Formula: Na2SO4
Reference: Wells, R.C. (1937), Analyses of rocks and minerals: USGS Bulletin 878: 19; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 365.
Thermonatrite
Formula: Na2CO3 · H2O
Habit: Platy needles
Description: Occurs as crystals between halite crystals.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 365; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 205.
'Thomsonite'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection
Thomsonite-Ca
Formula: NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Thorianite
Formula: ThO2
Reference: R. M. Thompson (1954) Mineral occurrences in Western Canada. American Mineralogist 39:525-528
Thorite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Thorite var. Thorogummite
Formula: (Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
Thorite var. Uranothorite
Formula: (Th,U)SiO4
Colour: Dark brown
Description: Occurs as grains and subhedral crystals in magnetite, etc.
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster & Jerome Stone (1957), Uranothorite near Forest Home, San Bernardino County, California: American Mineralogist: 42: 104-107; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 366.
Tiemannite
Formula: HgSe
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
Reference: Learned, R.E. (1962) Paragenesis of mercury-ore deposits. Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of California, Los Angeles: 2; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 125; www.mineralsocal.org
Tin ?
Formula: Sn
Description: Occurs as a single small round nugget.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 367.
Tincalconite
Formula: Na2(B4O7) · 5H2O
Reference: Masimer, G.E. (1966) Tick Canyon revisited. Gems and Minerals: 347: 20-23; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 261; www.mineralsocal.org.
Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 49 localities in this region.
Description: Recorded in the heavy mineral content of the stated formations.
Reference: Grender, Gordon Conrad (1962), Alegria-Vaqueros (Oligocene-Miocene) sequence near Gaviota, California: Gel. Soc. Amer. Bulletin 73: 267-272; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 345; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 476.
Titantaramellite
Formula: Ba4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Reference: Pabst, Adolf (1978) Zur morphologie des taramellits. Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 25: 245-256; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 465-466, 467; Joseph F. Cooper Jr., Gail E. Dunning, Ted A.Hadley (2003) Minerology of the Victor Claim, Clear Creek Area, New Idria District, San Benito County, California.; Dunning, G. E., Walstrom, R. E., & Lechner, W. (2018) Barium Silicate Mineralogy of the Western Margin, North American Continent, Part Geology, Origin, Paragenesis and Mineral Distribution from Baja California Norte, Mexico, Western Canada and Alaska, USA. Baymin Journal, Vol. 19, No. 5
Tochilinite
Formula: Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Reference: California Geology: 48(5):119; Gail E. Dunning and Joseph F. Cooper, Jr. (2002) Paragenesis of Troilite from the Low Divide District, Del Norte County, California
Todorokite
Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Reference: Steve Pullman
Tolovkite
Formula: IrSbS
Reference: Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Reference: Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse & Co., 108 pages.
'Tourmalinated Quartz'
Reference: Laurano, A. F., Jr. (1991) Rainbow mine (Juan Diego) case files, 1988 thru 1991: unpublished.
'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities: Reported from at least 50 localities in this region.
Reference: San Diego Natural History Museum
'Tourmaline var. Achroite'
Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Reference: Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau Bulletin 37: p. 21, 122-123, 171 p.
'Tourmaline var. Rubellite'
Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: p. 188.
'Tourmaline var. Verdelite'
Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Schaller, W. T. 1917. Gems and precious stones. Mineral Resources U.S., 1915, pt. 2: p. 856.
'Tourmaline var. Watermelon Tourmaline'
Formula: A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Reference: Kunz, G. F. 1905. Gems, jeweler's materials, and ornamental stones of California. California State Mining Bureau Bulletin 37: p. 21, 122-123, 171 p.
Tremolite
Formula: ◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 35 localities in this region.
Reference: Gude A J, Sheppard R A (1972) Silhydrite, 3SiO2·H2O, a new mineral from Trinity County, California. American Mineralogist 57, 1053-1065
Trevorite
Formula: Ni2+Fe3+2O4
Reference: www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/faculty/Bird.html.
Tridymite
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 373.
Tripuhyite
Formula: Fe3+Sb5+O4
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Troilite
Formula: FeS
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Colour: Brassy
Description: Mixed with kamacite.
Reference: La Paz, Lincoln (1955), A preliminary report on the Pinto Mountains, Riverside County, California, chondrite (CN=1161, 337): Meteorites: 1: 295-299; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 59.
Trona
Formula: Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Reference: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Tschermigite
Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 399, 476.
Tučekite
Formula: Ni9Sb2S8
Reference: Hora, Z. D., Langrova, A., & Pivec, E. (2006). Rhodonite from the Bridge River Assemblage, Downton Creek (NTS 092J/09), Southwestern British Columbia. Geological Fieldwork, 2007-1.
Tulameenite (TL)
Formula: Pt2CuFe
Description: At both type localities, the Similkameen River and Tulameen River, tulameenite is found in placer deposits derived from the weathering of the Late Triassic Tulameen zoned ultramafic complex. Tulameenite occurs as minute, white metallic grains, associated with chalcopyrite, chromite, magnetite, almandine, spessartine, hematite, zircon, ilmenite, gold, isoferroplatinum and Pt-Fe alloys.
Reference: CABRI, L.J., OWENS, D.R. & LAFLAMME, J.H.G. (1973): Tulameenite, a new platinum B iron B copper mineral from placers in the Tulameen River area, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist 12, 21-25.
Tungstite
Formula: WO3 · H2O
Description: Occurs as a surface alteration of scheelite.
Reference: Weber, F.H., Jr. (1963a) Mines and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 3, 309 pp.: 272; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 339.
Tungusite
Formula: Ca4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
Reference: DeVito F. (1996) Micro Probe. Volume VIII, Number 4, pages 2-5.
Tunisite
Formula: NaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
Reference: Dunning, Gail, The Challenge Mercury Deposit, Redwood City, San Mateo County, California., BAM Journal, Vol. 9 No. 1.
Turquoise
Formula: CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Description: Occurs as narrow veins cutting Glaucophane schist.
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 375; Mrose, M.E., Meyrowitz, R., Alfors, J.T., and Chesterman, C.W. (1967) Nissonite. American Mineralogist: 52: 927; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 322.
Tychite
Formula: Na6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 233.
Ulexite
Formula: NaCa[B5O6(OH)6] · 5H2O
Colour: White
Description: Satiny fibrous aggregates. An alteration product of probertite.
Reference: Foshag, William Frederick (1918), Ulexite from Lang, California: American Mineralogist: 3: 35; Foshag, William Frederick (1921), The origin of the colemanite deposits of California: Economic Geology: 16: 199-214; Masimer, G.E. (1966) Tick Canyon revisited. Gems and Minerals: 347: 20-23; Pemberton, H. Earl (1968) The minerals of the Sterling borax mine, Los Angeles County, California. Mineral Explorer 3, No. 1, 10 pp.: 5; Murdoch, Joseph (1945), Probertite from Los Angeles County, California: American Mineralogist: 30: 719; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 258.
Ullmannite
Formula: NiSbS
Reference: Hora, Z. D., Langrova, A., & Pivec, E. (2006). Rhodonite from the Bridge River Assemblage, Downton Creek (NTS 092J/09), Southwestern British Columbia. Geological Fieldwork, 2007-1.
'UM1979-19-Sb:Rh'
Formula: RhSb
Reference: Aubut, A.J. (1979): The Geology and Mineralogy of a Tertiary Buried Placer Deposit, Southern British Columbia. M.Sc. thesis, Univ. of Alberta; in: Dunn, P.J., Cabri, L.J., Chao, G.Y., Fleischer, M., Francis, C.A., Grice, J.D., Jambor, J.L., Pabst, A. (1984): New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 69: 411
'UM2004-43-S:CuIrOs' ?
Formula: (Os,Ir)2CuS
Reference: Weiser, T.W. (2003): Platinum-Group Minerals (PGM) from placer deposits in the mineral collection of the Museum of Natural History,Vienna, Austria. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien: 105A: 1: https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/ANNA_105A_0001-0027.pdf
'UM2008-33-O:BaSiTi'
Formula: Ba(Si,Ti)3O7
Reference: Ma, C., Rossman, G.R. (2008): Barioperovskite, a new mineral from the Benitoite Mine, California": American Mineralogist: 93: 154-157
'UM2008-34-O:BaSiTi'
Formula: Ba(Ti,Si)2O5
Reference: Ma, C. and G. R. Rossman (2008) "Barioperovskite, a new mineral from the Benitoite Mine, California": American Mineralogist: 93, 154-157.
'UM2008-35-O:BaTi'
Formula: BaTi3O7
Reference: Ma, C. and G. R. Rossman (2008) "Barioperovskite, a new mineral from the Benitoite Mine, California": American Mineralogist: 93, 154-157.
Ungemachite
Formula: K3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Reference: Livingston, J. D., Murphy, W. M., Miller, R. M., & Ayars, E. J. (2005, December). Acid Mine Drainage and Metal Sulfate Minerals in the Shasta Mining District, California. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (Vol. 2005, pp. V43B-1570).
Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20001
Uraninite var. Pitchblende
Formula: UO2
Reference: personal correspondance- Giles Peatfield
Uranophane
Formula: Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Colour: Yellow
Description: Occurs as films on fractures of a weathered pegmatite.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 516.
Uvarovite
Formula: Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 56 localities in this region.
Reference: Wells, F.G., Cater, F.W., and Rynearson, G.A. (1946), Chromite deposits of Del Norte County, California: California Division Mines Bulletin 134, pt. 1, chap. 1: 60-61; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 495.
Vaesite
Formula: NiS2
Description: Occurs in minor amounts in Hg ores.
Reference: Henderson, F.B. (1969) Hydrothermal alteration and deposition in serpentine-type mercury deposits. Economic Geology: 64: 492; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 65.
Valentinite
Formula: Sb2O3
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Habit: Prismatic; fan-shaped aggregates of thin plates.
Colour: White, cream, pale yellow
Description: Occurs as prismatic crystals, fan-shaped aggregates of thin plates and also as massive material.
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1972) Antimony Peak: a rerun of a field trip 110 years later. Mineralogical Record: 3: 78-81; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 185.
Valleriite
Formula: (Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
Reference: Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15.; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Vanadinite
Formula: Pb5(VO4)3Cl
Reference: Tucker, W. Burling & Reid J. Sampson (1930), Los Angeles field division: California Mining Bureau. Report 26: 295; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 379.
Vandendriesscheite
Formula: PbU7O22 · 12H2O
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=104N++087
Veatchite (TL)
Formula: Sr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
Type Locality:
Description: A small amount occurs with howlite and colemanite. Pearly, cross-fiber seams in howlite, colemanite, limestone or marl, and as nests of radiating pearly plates in the same matrix materials.
Reference: Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 349.; Kramer, H.C. & R.D. Allen (1956), A restudy of bakerite, priceite, and veatchite, American Mineralogist: 41: 689-700; Switzer, George S. (1938), Veatchite, a new calcium borate from Lang, California: American Mineralogist: 23: 409-411; Murdoch, Joseph (1939a), Crystallography of veatchite: American Mineralogist: 24: 130-135; Switzer, George S. & W.W. Brannock (1950), Composition of veatchite: American Mineralogist: 35: 90-92; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 255.
'Veatchite-A'
Formula: Sr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
Reference: Bernard J.H. and Hyrsl J. (2004) Minerals and their Localities.
Vermiculite
Formula: Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Saul, R.B., Evans, J.R., and Gray, C.H. (1970) Mines and mineral resources of Riverside County. California Division of Mines and Geology County Report 9. Unpublished manuscript: 336; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 435-436.
Vernadite
Formula: (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Reference: Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
Vesuvianite
Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.
Description: Substantial quantities found.
Reference: Averill, Charles V. (1935), Mines and mineral resources of Siskiyou County: California Journal of Mines and Geology, California Division Mines (Report 31): 31(3): 291.
Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite
Formula: (Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 387, 434, 502
Vinciennite
Formula: Cu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16
Reference: Jambor, J.L., Owens, D.R. (1987): Vinciennite in the Maggie porphyry copper deposit, British Columbia. Canadian Mineralogist 25, 227-228; Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
Violarite
Formula: Fe2+Ni3+2S4
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Vishnevite
Formula: (Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Reference: Czamanske, G.K., B.F. Leonard & J.R. Clark (1980), Erdite, a new hydrated sodium iron sulfide mineral: American Mineralogist: 65: 506-515; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 367; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
Vivianite
Formula: Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 382; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 312.
Volborthite
Formula: Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 322-323; www.mineralsocal.org
Voltaite
Formula: K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Mineralogical Record 22:381-382; Nordstrom, D. K. and Alpers, C. N. (1999): Negative pH, efflorescent mineralogy, and consequences for environmental restauration at the Iron Mountain Superfund site, California. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 96, 3455-3462.; Majzlan, J., Alpers, C. N., Koch, C. B., McCleskey, R. B., Myneni, S. C., & Neil, J. M. (2011). Vibrational, X-ray absorption, and Mössbauer spectra of sulfate minerals from the weathered massive sulfide deposit at Iron Mountain, California. Chemical Geology, 284(3), 296-305.
Volynskite
Formula: AgBiTe2
Description: In polished section only
Reference: Minfile Number 104B 250; Rhys, D.A. (1993): Geology of the Snip mine and its relationship to the magmatic and deformational history of the Johnny Mountain area, northwestern British Columbia. The University of British Columbia, unpublished M.Sc. thesis, 1993, 278 pp.
Vonsenite
Formula: Fe2+2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Habit: Short prismatic
Colour: Black
Description: Occurs as shiny grains and crystals in calcite and as intergrowths with magnetite in 10 foot (3 meter) long lenses at the contact.
Reference: Chesterman, C.W. (1966a), Vonsenite of Monterey County, California: American Mineralogist: 51: 261-262; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 383; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 236.
Vuagnatite
Formula: CaAl(SiO4)(OH)
Colour: Colorless
Description: Occurs in cobbles as anhedral crystals up to 3mm.
Reference: Pabst, Adolf, Erd, R.C., Goff, F., and Rosenhahn, L. (1977) Vuagnatite from California. Mineralogical Record: 8: 497-501; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 479.
'Wad'
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: Erd, R.C., Ohashi, Y. (1984) Santaclaraite, a new calcium-manganese silicate hydrate from California. American Mineralogist, 69(1-2), 200-206.
'Wad var. Cobalt-bearing Wad'
Reference: Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 297.
Wairakite
Formula: Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Description: Occurs lining cavities and fractures of graywacke erupted from a steam well.
Reference: Steiner, A. (1958), Occurrence of wairakite at The Geysers, California: American Mineralogist: 43: 781; White, D.E. (1967) Mercury and base-metal deposits with associated thermal and mineral waters. In: H.L. Barnes (Editor), Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits. Holt Reinhart and Winston, New York: 590; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 371; Tschernich, R. (1975), Zeolites of the world, 1975; Economic Geology (1984): 79: 671-695; http://www.mineralsocal.org.
Wairauite
Formula: CoFe
Reference: www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile/search/search.cfm?minfilno=092HSW136
Wattersite
Formula: [Hg2]2+2Hg2+[CrO4]O2
Reference: Dunning, G.E. et al. (2005): The Clear Creek mine (San Benito County, California): a unique mercury locality. The Mineralogical Record, 36(4), 337-363.
Whitlockite
Formula: Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Reference: Lydon, Philip Andrew (1964), Unusual phosphatic rock: California Division of Mines & Geology, Mineral Information Service: 17: 66-74; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 80, 384; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 317, 318.
Willemite
Formula: Zn2SiO4
Reference: Rocks & Min.:64:58.
Winchite
Formula: ◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Reference: www.minsocam.org/msa/Handbook/Winchite.PDF.
Witherite
Formula: BaCO3
Reference: Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 222; Tony Kampf (PXRD analysis).
Wittichenite
Formula: Cu3BiS3
Reference: Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; I.C.L. Webster, G.E. Ray and A.R. Pettipas (1992) An Investigation of Selected Mineralized Skarns in British Columbia. British Columbia Geological Survey Paper 1992
'Wolframite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
Localities: Reported from at least 25 localities in this region.
Reference: Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15.
'Wollastonite-1A'
Formula: CaSiO3
Reference: University of Arizona Mineral Museum 12446.
Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=104N++087
Wurtzite
Formula: (Zn,Fe)S
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Xanthoconite
Formula: Ag3AsS3
Description: At K1, two crystals, the largest about 3mm across, and one cleavage fragment, were found in one rock, associated with ruby silver and polybasite. Analysis showed both Arsenic and Antimony, but the form and color are consistent with xanthoconite.
Reference: R. O. Meyer collection, composition confirmed by EDS/WDS analysis and morphological consistency
'Xenotime'
Reference: Hewett, Donnel Foster, Stone, J., and Levine, H. (1957) Brannerite from San Bernardino County, California. American Mineralogist: 42: 30-38.
Xenotime-(Y)
Formula: Y(PO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Reference: CDMG OFR 94-11 " Mineral Land Classification of the Eastern Half of Riverside Co. CA"; Evans, James R. (1964) Xenotime mineralization in the southern Music Valley area, Riverside County, California. California Division Mines and Geol. Special Report 79, 24 pp.: 10-15; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 389; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 319.
Xonotlite
Formula: Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: Larsen, Esper Signius (1917), Eakleite, a new mineral from California: American Journal of Science, 4th. series: 43: 464-465; Larsen, Esper Signius (1923), The identity of eakleite and xonotlite: American Mineralogist: 8: 181-182; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 173, 390.
Yukonite (TL)
Formula: Ca3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Reference: TYRRELL, J.B. & GRAHAM, R.P.D. (1913): Yukonite, a new hydrous arsenate of iron and calcium from Tagish Lake, Yukon Territory, Canada; with a note on the associated symplesite. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada 7, Section 4, 13-18. JAMBOR, J.L. (1966): Re-examination of yukonite. Canadian Mineralogist 8, 667(abstr.).
Zaratite
Formula: Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs coating chromite.
Reference: Anonymous (1962), World news on mineral occurrences: Rocks & Minerals: 37: 153; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 390.
'Zeolite Group'
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
Reference: Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
Zeunerite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/report.aspx?f=PDF&r=Minfile_Detail.rpt&minfilno=104N%20%20005
Zincite
Formula: ZnO
Reference: Leavens & Patton: Axis 4 (1)13p (2008)
Zinkenite
Formula: Pb9Sb22S42
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
Reference: personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield
Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)
Localities: Reported from at least 34 localities in this region.
Colour: Pink
Description: Recorded in the heavy mineral content of the stated formations.
Reference: Grender, Gordon Conrad (1962), Alegria-Vaqueros (Oligocene-Miocene) sequence near Gaviota, California: Gel. Soc. Amer. Bulletin 73: 267-272; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 392; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 462.
Zoisite
Formula: Ca2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.
Description: Occurs in boulders of sausserite gabbro in the San Onofre Breccia.
Reference: Woodford, A.O. (1925), The San Onofre breccia; its nature and origin: University of California, Department of Geological Sciences Bulletin 15: 193; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 484, 488.
Zoisite var. Thulite
Formula: {Ca2}{Al,Mn3+3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Reference: Héon, D. (2004). The Whitehorse Copper Belt, Yukon. An Annotated Geology Map. Yukon Geological Survey, Open File, 15.; Tenney, D., 1994. The Whitehorse Copper Belt: Mining, Exploration and Geology (1967-1980). Geology Section, Yukon Region, Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bulletin 1, 29 p.
Zussmanite (TL)
Formula: K(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
Reference: Agrell, S.O. (1964), Deerite, howieite, and zussmanite, three new minerals from the Franciscan of the Laytonville district, Mendocino County, California (title only), Am.Min.: 49; MM 43 (1980), 605; HB2/2 (1995).; Wood, R. W. (1979) The iron-rich blueschist facies minerals: 2. Howieite. Mineralogical Magazine 43:363-370.; Robert Muir Wood (1982) The Laytonville Quarry (Mendocino County California) Exotic Block: Iron-rich Blueschist-Facies Subduction-Zone Metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine 45:87-99.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
Antimony1.CA.05Sb
Arsenic1.CA.05As
Awaruite1.AE.20Ni3Fe
Barringerite1.BD.10(Fe,Ni)2P
Bismuth1.CA.05Bi
Chengdeite1.AG.35Ir3Fe
Copper1.AA.05Cu
var. Nickel-bearing Copper1.AA.05(Cu,Ni,Fe)
Diamond1.CB.10aC
Gold1.AA.05Au
var. Electrum1.AA.05(Au,Ag)
Graphite1.CB.05aC
Iridium1.AF.10(Ir,Os,Ru)
var. Osmiridium1.AF.10(Ir,Os,Ru)
var. Platiniridium1.AF.10(Ir,Pt)
var. Ruthenosmiridium1.AF.10(Ir,Os,Ru)
Iron1.AE.05Fe
var. Kamacite1.AE.05(Fe,Ni)
Isoferroplatinum (TL)1.AG.35Pt3Fe
Mercury1.AD.05Hg
Nickel1.AA.05Ni
Osmium1.AF.05(Os,Ir,Ru)
var. Iridosmine1.AF.05(Os,Ir)
Palladium1.AF.10(Pd,Pt)
Paradocrasite1.CA.15Sb2(Sb,As)2
Platinum1.AF.10Pt
var. Polyxene1.AF.10(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Rosickýite1.CC.05S
Rutheniridosmine (TL)1.AF.05(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ruthenium1.AF.05(Ru,Ir)
Silicon1.CB.15Si
Silver1.AA.05Ag
var. Native Amalgam1.AA.05(Ag,Hg)
Stibarsen1.CA.05AsSb
Sulphur1.CC.05S8
Taenite1.AE.10(Fe,Ni)
Tellurium1.CC.10Te
Tetraferroplatinum1.AG.40PtFe
Tetrataenite1.AE.10FeNi
Tin ?1.AC.10Sn
Tulameenite (TL)1.AG.40Pt2CuFe
Wairauite1.AE.15CoFe
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Acanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
Aguilarite2.BA.55Ag4SeS
Aktashite2.GA.30Cu6Hg3As4S12
Alabandite2.CD.10MnS
Alloclasite2.EB.10bCo1-xFexAsS
Altaite2.CD.10PbTe
Anilite2.BA.10Cu7S4
Argentopentlandite2.BB.15Ag(Fe,Ni)8S8
Argyrodite2.BA.70Ag8GeS6
Arsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
var. Danaite2.EB.20(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
Bartonite (TL)2.FC.10K6Fe20S26S
Berthierite2.HA.20FeSb2S4
Bismuthinite2.DB.05Bi2S3
Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
var. Silver-bearing Bornite2.BA.15(Cu,Ag)5FeS4
Boulangerite2.HC.15Pb5Sb4S11
Bournonite2.GA.50PbCuSbS3
Breithauptite2.CC.05NiSb
Calaverite2.EA.10AuTe2
Carrollite2.DA.05CuCo2S4
Chalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
var. Blister Copper2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Chalcostibite2.HA.05CuSbS2
Cinnabar2.CD.15aHgS
Cobaltite2.EB.25CoAsS
Cobaltpentlandite2.BB.15Co9S8
Cooperite2.CC.35bPtS
Cosalite2.JB.10Pb2Bi2S5
Covellite2.CA.05aCuS
Coyoteite (TL)2.FD.25NaFe3S5 · 2H2O
Cubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
Cuproiridsite2.DA.05(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Cupropolybasite (TL)2.GB.15[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Diaphorite2.JB.05Ag3Pb2Sb3S8
Dienerite (TL)2.AA.55Ni3As
Digenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
Djerfisherite2.FC.05K6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Djurleite2.BA.05Cu31S16
Dyscrasite2.AA.35Ag3Sb
Enargite2.KA.05Cu3AsS4
Erdite (TL)2.FD.20NaFeS2 · 2H2O
Erlichmanite (TL)2.EB.05aOsS2
Fizélyite2.JB.40aAg5Pb14Sb21S48
'Freibergite Subgroup'2.GB.05(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
Freieslebenite2.JB.15AgPbSbS3
Frohbergite2.EB.10aFeTe2
Froodite2.AC.45aα-PdBi2
Galena2.CD.10PbS
var. Silver-bearing Galena2.CD.10PbS with Ag
Galenobismutite2.JC.25ePbBi2S4
Genkinite2.AC.35aPt4Sb3
Geocronite2.JB.30aPb14Sb6S23
Gersdorffite2.EB.25NiAsS
Geversite2.EB.05aPtSb2
Glaucodot2.EB.10c(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS
Greenockite2.CB.45CdS
Greigite2.DA.05Fe2+Fe3+2S4
Heazlewoodite2.BB.05Ni3S2
Hedleyite2.DC.05Bi7Te3
Hessite2.BA.60Ag2Te
Hollingworthite2.EB.25(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Hypercinnabar (TL)2.CD.15bHgS
Idaite2.CB.15aCu5FeS6
Irarsite2.EB.25(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Isomertieite2.AC.15aPd11Sb2As2
Jamesonite2.HB.15Pb4FeSb6S14
'Joséite'2.DC.05Bi4TeS2
Kermesite2.FD.05Sb2S2O
Kotulskite2.CC.05Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Kurilite2.BA.45Ag8Te3Se
Kësterite 2.CB.15aCu2ZnSnS4
Laurite2.EB.05aRuS2
Linnaeite2.DA.05Co2+Co3+2S4
Löllingite2.EB.15aFeAs2
Mackinawite2.CC.25(Fe,Ni)9S8
Maldonite2.AA.40Au2Bi
Marcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
Matildite2.JA.20AgBiS2
Maucherite2.AB.15Ni11As8
Mawsonite2.CB.20Cu6Fe2SnS8
Melonite2.EA.20NiTe2
Meneghinite ?2.HB.05bPb13CuSb7S24
Merenskyite2.EA.20PdTe2
Mertieite2.AC.10bPd8Sb2.5As0.5
Metacinnabar (TL)2.CB.05aHgS
var. Selenium-bearing Metacinnabar2.CB.05aHg(S,Se)
Metastibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
Miargyrite2.HA.10AgSbS2
Millerite2.CC.20NiS
Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
Moncheite2.EA.20Pt(Te,Bi)2
Nagyágite2.HB.20a[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Naumannite2.BA.55Ag2Se
Nickeline2.CC.05NiAs
Orcelite2.AB.10Ni5-xAs2, x ~ 0.25
Oregonite (TL)2.BB.05Ni2FeAs2
Orickite (TL)2.FB.152CuFeS2 · H2O
Orpiment2.FA.30As2S3
Owyheeite ?2.HC.35Ag3Pb10Sb11S28
Pararealgar (TL)2.FA.15bAs4S4
Parkerite2.BE.20Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Pentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
Petzite2.BA.75Ag3AuTe2
Pilsenite2.DC.05Bi4Te3
Plagionite2.HC.10bPb5Sb8S17
Platarsite2.EB.25PtAsS
Polybasite2.GB.15[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Polydymite2.DA.05Ni2+Ni3+2S4
Proustite2.GA.05Ag3AsS3
Pyrargyrite2.GA.05Ag3SbS3
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
var. Bravoite2.EB.05a(Fe,Ni)S2
var. Gold-bearing Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Pyrostilpnite2.GA.10Ag3SbS3
Pyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite2.CC.10(Fe,Ni)7S8
Rasvumite2.FB.20KFe2S3
Realgar2.FA.15aAs4S4
Rucklidgeite2.GC.40cPbBi2Te4
Safflorite2.EB.15a(Co,Ni,Fe)As2
Semseyite2.HC.10dPb9Sb8S21
Siegenite2.DA.05CoNi2S4
Skutterudite2.EC.05CoAs3
Sperrylite2.EB.05aPtAs2
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
var. Marmatite2.CB.05a(Zn,Fe)S
Stannite2.CB.15aCu2FeSnS4
Stannoidite2.CB.15cCu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Stephanite2.GB.10Ag5SbS4
Sternbergite ?2.CB.65AgFe2S3
Stibnite2.DB.05Sb2S3
Sylvanite2.EA.05AgAuTe4
Tellurobismuthite2.DC.05Bi2Te3
Temagamite2.BC.50Pd3HgTe3
'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
Tetradymite2.DC.05Bi2Te2S
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
'var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite'2.GB.05(Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
Tetrahedrite-(Zn)2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Tiemannite2.CB.05aHgSe
Tochilinite2.FD.35Fe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Tolovkite2.EB.25IrSbS
Troilite2.CC.10FeS
Tučekite2.BB.10Ni9Sb2S8
Ullmannite2.EB.25NiSbS
Vaesite2.EB.05aNiS2
Valleriite2.FD.30(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Vinciennite2.CB.35aCu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16
Violarite2.DA.05Fe2+Ni3+2S4
Volynskite2.JA.20AgBiTe2
Wittichenite2.GA.20Cu3BiS3
Wurtzite2.CB.45(Zn,Fe)S
Xanthoconite2.GA.10Ag3AsS3
Zinkenite2.JB.35aPb9Sb22S42
Group 3 - Halides
Bromargyrite3.AA.15AgBr
Calomel3.AA.30[Hg2]2+Cl2
Chlorargyrite3.AA.15AgCl
var. Bromian Chlorargyrite3.AA.15Ag(Cl,Br)
Eglestonite3.DD.05[Hg2]2+3OCl3(OH)
Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Halite3.AA.20NaCl
Kempite (TL)3.DA.10aMn2+2(OH)3Cl
Mosesite3.DD.30(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
Salammoniac3.AA.25NH4Cl
Terlinguaite3.DD.20[Hg3]4+Hg2+Cl2O2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Anatase4.DD.05TiO2
Ansermetite4.HD.30Mn2+(V2O6) · 4H2O
Arsenolite4.CB.50As2O3
Baddeleyite4.DE.35ZrO2
Barioperovskite (TL)4.CC.30BaTiO3
Becquerelite4.GB.10Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
'Bindheimite'4.DH.20Pb2Sb2O6O
Birnessite4.FL.45(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Brannerite4.DH.05UTi2O6
Brookite4.DD.10TiO2
Brucite4.FE.05Mg(OH)2
Böhmite4.FE.15AlO(OH)
Carnotite4.HB.05K2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Cassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
Cervantite4.DE.30Sb3+Sb5+O4
Chromite4.BB.05Fe2+Cr3+2O4
Claudetite ?4.CB.45As2O3
Columbite-(Fe)4.DB.35Fe2+Nb2O6
Columbite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Nb2O6
Corundum4.CB.05Al2O3
var. Ruby4.CB.05Al2O3
var. Sapphire4.CB.05Al2O3
Coulsonite4.BB.05Fe2+V3+2O4
Crednerite4.AB.05CuMnO2
Cristobalite4.DA.15SiO2
Cuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
var. Chalcotrichite4.AA.10Cu2O
Daubréeite4.F0.25BiO(OH)
Diaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
Euxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ferberite4.DB.30FeWO4
Franklinite4.BB.05Zn2+Fe3+2O4
Gahnite4.BB.05ZnAl2O4
Geikielite4.CB.05MgTiO3
Gibbsite4.FE.10Al(OH)3
Goethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
Hausmannite4.BB.10Mn2+Mn3+2O4
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
var. Martite4.CB.05Fe2O3
var. Specularite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Hercynite4.BB.05Fe2+Al2O4
var. Picotite4.BB.05(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Hetaerolite4.BB.10ZnMn2O4
Hibonite4.CC.45CaAl12O19
Hollandite4.DK.05aBa(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16
Hübnerite4.DB.30MnWO4
Ice4.AA.05H2O
Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
Ilsemannite4.FJ.15Mo3O8 · nH2O
Jacobsite4.BB.05Mn2+Fe3+2O4
Kassite4.DH.10CaTi2O4(OH)2
Lechatelierite4.DA.30SiO2
Lepidocrocite4.FE.15γ-Fe3+O(OH)
Litharge (TL)4.AC.20PbO
Lithiophorite4.FE.25(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Maghemite4.BB.15(Fe3+0.670.33)Fe3+2O4
Magnesiochromite4.BB.05MgCr2O4
Magnesioferrite4.BB.05MgFe3+2O4
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
var. Lodestone4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Manganite4.FD.15Mn3+O(OH)
Massicot4.AC.25PbO
Melanophlogite4.DA.2546SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
'Microlite Group'4.00.A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Minium ?4.BD.05Pb3O4
Mogánite4.DA.20SiO2
Molybdite4.E0.10MoO3
Montroydite4.AC.15HgO
Nsutite4.DB.15c(Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Fire Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Hyalite4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Lemon Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Opal-AN4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Opal-C4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Opaline4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Prase Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
var. Precious Opal4.DA.10SiO2 · nH2O
Perovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
Portlandite4.FE.05Ca(OH)2
Pseudobrookite4.CB.15Fe2TiO5
Pyrochroite4.FE.05Mn(OH)2
Pyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
var. Agate4.DA.05SiO2
var. Agate-Jasper4.DA.05SiO2
var. Amethyst4.DA.05SiO2
var. Carnelian4.DA.05SiO2
var. Chalcedony4.DA.05SiO2
var. Citrine4.DA.05SiO2
var. Clear Lake Diamond4.DA.05SiO2
var. Fortification Agate4.DA.05SiO2
var. Iris Agate4.DA.05SiO2
var. Jasper4.DA.05SiO2
var. Milky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
var. Moss Agate4.DA.05SiO2
var. Myrickite4.DA.05SiO2
var. Plume Agate4.DA.05SiO2
var. Prase4.DA.05SiO2
var. Rock Crystal4.DA.05SiO2
var. Rose Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
var. Rutilated Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
var. Smoky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
'Quartz-beta' ?4.DA.55SiO2
Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
Samarskite-(Y)4.DB.25YFe3+Nb2O8
Senarmontite4.CB.50Sb2O3
Silhydrite (TL)4.FM.30Si3O6 · H2O
Spinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
var. Pleonaste4.BB.05(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
'Stibiconite'4.DH.20Sb3+Sb5+2O6(OH)
Stibiotantalite4.DE.30Sb(Ta,Nb)O4
Tantite4.E0.05Ta2O5
Tenorite4.AB.10CuO
Thorianite4.DL.05ThO2
Todorokite4.DK.10(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Trevorite4.BB.05Ni2+Fe3+2O4
Tridymite4.DA.10SiO2
Tripuhyite4.DB.05Fe3+Sb5+O4
Tungstite4.FJ.10WO3 · H2O
Uraninite4.DL.05UO2
var. Pitchblende4.DL.05UO2
Valentinite4.CB.55Sb2O3
Vandendriesscheite4.GB.40PbU7O22 · 12H2O
Vernadite4.FE.40(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
'Wolframite Group'4.DB.30 va
Zincite4.AB.20ZnO
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Alumohydrocalcite5.DB.05CaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
var. Chromium-bearing Alumohydrocalcite5.DB.05Ca(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Aragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
Artinite5.DA.10Mg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
Aurichalcite5.BA.15(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Azurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Bismutite5.BE.25(BiO)2CO3
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
var. Cobalt-bearing Calcite5.AB.05(Ca,Co)CO3
var. Limestone Onyx5.AB.05CaCO3
var. Manganese-bearing Calcite5.AB.05(Ca,Mn)CO3
Cerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
var. Silver-bearing Cerussite5.AB.15PbCO3 with Ag
Coalingite (TL)5.DA.55Mg10Fe3+2(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O
Dawsonite5.BB.10NaAlCO3(OH)2
var. Chromium-bearing Dawsonite5.BB.10Na(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
Desautelsite5.DA.50Mg6Mn3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
var. Iron-bearing Dolomite5.AB.10Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Dypingite5.DA.05Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
Gaylussite5.CB.35Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Hydrocerussite5.BE.10Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hydromagnesite5.DA.05Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Hydrotalcite5.DA.50Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Hydrozincite5.BA.15Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Kutnohorite5.AB.10CaMn2+(CO3)2
Lansfordite5.CA.10MgCO3 · 5H2O
Leadhillite5.BF.40Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Magnesite5.AB.05MgCO3
var. Iron-bearing Magnesite5.AB.05(Mg,Fe)CO3
Malachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Mcguinnessite (TL)5.BA.10(Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
Natrite5.AA.10Na2CO3
Natron5.CB.10Na2CO3 · 10H2O
Nesquehonite5.CA.05MgCO3 · 3H2O
Niter5.NA.10KNO3
Nitratine5.NA.05NaNO3
Northupite5.BF.05Na3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Pirssonite5.CB.30Na2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Pyroaurite5.DA.50Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Reevesite5.DA.50Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
Rhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
Schröckingerite5.EG.05NaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
Siderite5.AB.05FeCO3
var. Manganese-bearing Siderite5.AB.05(Fe,Mn)CO3
var. Mg-rich Siderite5.AB.05(Fe,Mg)CO3
Smithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
Strontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
Thermonatrite5.CB.05Na2CO3 · H2O
Trona5.CB.15Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Tunisite5.BB.15NaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
Tychite5.BF.05Na6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Witherite5.AB.15BaCO3
Zaratite5.DA.15Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
Group 6 - Borates
Borax6.DA.10Na2(B4O5)(OH)4 · 8H2O
Colemanite6.CB.10Ca[B3O4(OH)3] · H2O
Howlite6.CB.20Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5
Hydroboracite6.CB.15CaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2 · 3H2O
Inyoite6.CA.35Ca(H4B3O7)(OH) · 4H2O
Ludwigite6.AB.30Mg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Priceite (TL)6.EB.25Ca2B5O7(OH)5 · H2O
Probertite6.EB.15NaCa[B5O7(OH)4] · 3H2O
Sassolite6.AA.05H3BO3
Szaibélyite6.BA.15MgBO2(OH)
Teepleite (TL)6.AC.40Na2[B(OH)4]Cl
Tincalconite6.DA.15Na2(B4O7) · 5H2O
Ulexite6.EA.25NaCa[B5O6(OH)6] · 5H2O
Veatchite (TL)6.EC.15Sr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
Vonsenite6.AB.30Fe2+2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Alum-(K)7.CC.20KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Aluminocopiapite7.DB.35Al2/3Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Alunite7.BC.10KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Alunogen7.CB.45Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Ammonioalunite (TL)7.BC.10(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Ammoniojarosite7.BC.10(NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Anglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
Anhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
Antlerite7.BB.15Cu3(SO4)(OH)4
Arcanite (TL)7.AD.05K2SO4
Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Bieberite7.CB.35CoSO4 · 7H2O
Blödite7.CC.50Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Bonattite7.CB.10CuSO4 · 3H2O
Boothite (TL)7.CB.35CuSO4 · 7H2O
Botryogen7.DC.25MgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
Boussingaultite7.CC.60(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Brochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Bílinite7.CB.85Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Celestine7.AD.35SrSO4
Cesanite7.BD.20Na3Ca2(SO4)3(OH)
Chalcanthite7.CB.20CuSO4 · 5H2O
Chalcoalumite7.DD.75CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
Chessexite7.DG.35(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Copiapite7.DB.35Fe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Coquimbite7.CB.55AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Crocoite7.FA.20PbCr6+O4
Cuprotungstite7.GB.15Cu2(WO4)(OH)2
Cyanochroite7.CC.60K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Epsomite7.CB.40MgSO4 · 7H2O
Ferricopiapite7.DB.35Fe3+0.67Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Ferrimolybdite7.GB.30Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Fibroferrite7.DC.15Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Glauberite7.AD.25Na2Ca(SO4)2
Goslarite7.CB.40ZnSO4 · 7H2O
Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
var. Alabaster7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
var. Satin Spar Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
var. Selenite7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Halotrichite7.CB.85FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Hanksite7.BD.30Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Hectorfloresite7.BD.60Na9(SO4)4(IO3)
Hexahydrite (TL)7.CB.25MgSO4 · 6H2O
Hohmannite7.DB.30Fe3+2(SO4)2O · 8H2O
Jarosite7.BC.10KFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Johannite7.EB.05Cu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Kalinite7.CC.15KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Kieserite7.CB.05MgSO4 · H2O
Kornelite7.CB.60Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O
Kröhnkite7.CC.30Na2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Letovicite7.AD.20(NH4)3H(SO4)2
Linarite7.BC.65PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Magnesiocopiapite7.DB.35MgFe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
var. Knoxvillite7.DB.35MgFe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Mascagnite7.AD.05(NH4)2SO4
Melanterite7.CB.35Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
var. Copper-bearing Melanterite7.CB.35(Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O
Mendozite7.CC.15NaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Meridianiite (TL)7.CB.90MgSO4 · 11H2O
Millosevichite7.AB.05Al2(SO4)3
Mirabilite7.CD.10Na2SO4 · 10H2O
Morenosite7.CB.40NiSO4 · 7H2O
Mountkeithite7.DD.35[(Mg1-xFe3+x)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O
Natrojarosite7.BC.10NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
Pentahydrite7.CB.20MgSO4 · 5H2O
Pickeringite7.CB.85MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Plumbojarosite ?7.BC.10Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Poitevinite (TL)7.CB.05(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O
Posnjakite7.DD.10Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Powellite7.GA.05Ca(MoO4)
Quenstedtite7.CB.65Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O
Redingtonite (TL)7.CB.85(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Rhomboclase7.CB.55(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Rozenite7.CB.15FeSO4 · 4H2O
Römerite7.CB.75Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O
Scheelite7.GA.05Ca(WO4)
Schuetteite (TL)7.BB.40Hg2+3(SO4)O2
Schwertmannite7.DE.15Fe3+16(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
Siderotil7.CB.20FeSO4 · 5H2O
Spangolite7.DD.15Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Starkeyite7.CB.15MgSO4 · 4H2O
var. Iron-bearing Starkeyite7.CB.15(Mg,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O
Szomolnokite7.CB.05FeSO4 · H2O
Thénardite7.AD.25Na2SO4
Tschermigite7.CC.20(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Ungemachite7.DG.10K3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Voltaite7.CC.25K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Wattersite7.FB.15[Hg2]2+2Hg2+[CrO4]O2
Wulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Agardite-(La)8.DL.15LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Agardite-(Y)8.DL.15YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Amblygonite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)F
Annabergite8.CE.40Ni3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Autunite8.EB.05Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Bayldonite8.BH.45PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2
Beudantite8.BL.05PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Chalcophyllite8.DF.30Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Clinobisvanite8.AD.65Bi(VO4)
Conichalcite8.BH.35CaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Diadochite8.DB.05Fe3+2(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
Eosphorite8.DD.20Mn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Erythrite8.CE.40Co3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Farringtonite ?8.AB.05Mg3(PO4)2
'Ferrisicklerite'8.AB.10Li1-x(Fe3+xFe2+1-x)PO4
Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
var. Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite8.BN.05(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
var. Strontium-bearing Apatite8.BN.05(Ca,Sr)5(PO4)3F
Fluorstrophite8.BN.05SrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Frondelite8.BC.10Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5
Herderite8.BA.10CaBe(PO4)F
Hureaulite8.CB.10Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Hydroxylapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
var. Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Hydroxylherderite8.BA.10CaBe(PO4)(OH)
Kaňkite8.CE.60FeAsO4 · 3.5H2O
Koninckite8.CE.55Fe3+PO4 · 3H2O
Laueite8.DC.30Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Lazulite8.BB.40MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Libethenite8.BB.30Cu2(PO4)(OH)
Lithiophilite8.AB.10LiMn2+PO4
Meta-autunite8.EB.10Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Metazeunerite8.EB.10Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Mitridatite8.DH.30Ca2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Monazite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(PO4)
Montebrasite8.BB.05LiAl(PO4)(OH)
Morinite8.DM.05NaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
Mottramite8.BH.40PbCu(VO4)(OH)
Namibite8.BB.50Cu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
Nissonite (TL)8.DC.05Cu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
Pharmacolite8.CJ.50Ca(HAsO4) · 2H2O
Phosphosiderite8.CD.05FePO4 · 2H2O
Phurcalite8.EC.35Ca2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
Picropharmacolite8.CH.15Ca4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2O
Pseudolaueite8.DC.30Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Pseudomalachite8.BD.05Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Pucherite8.AD.40Bi(VO4)
Purpurite8.AB.10Mn3+(PO4)
Pyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Robertsite8.DH.30Ca2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Scorodite8.CD.10Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
'Sicklerite'8.AB.10Li1-x(Mn3+xMn2+1-x)PO4
Strengite8.CD.10FePO4 · 2H2O
Symplesite8.CE.45Fe2+3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Turquoise8.DD.15CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Vanadinite8.BN.05Pb5(VO4)3Cl
Vivianite8.CE.40Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Volborthite8.FD.05Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Whitlockite8.AC.45Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Xenotime-(Y)8.AD.35Y(PO4)
Yukonite (TL)8.DM.25Ca3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Zeunerite8.EB.05Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Actinolite9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Aegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
var. Vanadium-bearing Aegirine9.DA.25Na(Fe3+,V3+)Si2O6
Aegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Aenigmatite9.DH.40Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Albite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
var. Andesine9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
var. Anorthoclase9.FA.35(Na,K)AlSi3O8
var. Cleavelandite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
var. Oligoclase9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Allanite-(Ce)9.BG.05b{CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Alleghanyite9.AF.45Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2
Allophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Almandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Amesite9.ED.15Mg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Amicite ?9.GC.05K2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
Analcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Andalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
var. Chiastolite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
Andradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
var. Demantoid9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
var. Melanite9.AD.25Ca3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
var. Topazolite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Anorthite9.FA.35Ca(Al2Si2O8)
var. Labradorite9.FA.35(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Anthophyllite9.DD.05◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Antigorite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
var. Williamsite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Arfvedsonite9.DE.25[Na][Na2][Fe2+4Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Augite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Axinite-(Fe)9.BD.20Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Axinite-(Mn)9.BD.20Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Banalsite9.FA.60Na2BaAl4Si4O16
Baotite9.CE.15Ba4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Bario-orthojoaquinite (TL)9.CE.25(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
Barytolamprophyllite9.BE.25(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Bavenite9.DF.25Ca4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Beidellite9.EC.40(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Bementite9.EE.05Mn7Si6O15(OH)8
Benitoite (TL)9.CA.05BaTi(Si3O9)
Berthierine9.ED.15(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4
Bertrandite9.BD.05Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Beryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
var. Aquamarine9.CJ.05Be3Al2Si6O18
var. Emerald9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
var. Goshenite9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
var. Morganite9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
Braunite9.AG.05Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
Buddingtonite (TL)9.FA.30(NH4)(AlSi3O8)
Bustamite9.DG.05CaMn2+(Si2O6)
Calderite9.AD.25Mn2+3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
Cancrinite9.FB.05(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Caryopilite9.ED.15Mn2+3Si2O5(OH)4
Celadonite9.EC.15K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Celsian9.FA.30Ba(Al2Si2O8)
Chabazite-Ca9.GD.10(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Chamosite9.EC.55(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Chloritoid9.AF.85(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Chondrodite9.AF.45Mg5(SiO4)2F2
Chrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Chrysotile9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
var. Pennine9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
var. Sheridanite9.EC.55(Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
'Clinochrysotile'9.ED.
Clinohumite9.AF.55Mg9(SiO4)4F2
Clinoptilolite-Ca9.GE.05Ca3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Clinoptilolite-Na9.GE.05Na6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Clinozoisite9.BG.05a{Ca2}{Al3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Cookeite9.EC.55(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Cordierite9.CJ.10(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Corrensite9.EC.60(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Cowlesite9.GG.05CaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O
'Crossite'9.DE.20
Cummingtonite9.DE.05◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Cuprosklodowskite9.AK.10Cu(UO2)2(SiO3OH]2 · 6H2O
Cymrite9.EG.05BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O
Dachiardite-Ca9.GD.40(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Dachiardite-Na9.GD.40(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Danalite9.FB.10Be3Fe2+4(SiO4)3S
Danburite9.FA.65CaB2Si2O8
Datolite9.AJ.20CaB(SiO4)(OH)
var. Bakerite9.AJ.20Ca4(H5B5Si3O20)
Deerite (TL)9.DH.60(Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
Delindeite9.BE.60(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Dickite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Diopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
var. Chromium-bearing Diopside9.DA.15Ca(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
var. Diallage9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
var. Violan9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
Dravite ?9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Dumortierite9.AJ.10Al(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Eckermannite ?9.DE.25NaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Edgarbaileyite9.BC.25[Hg2]2+3[Si2O7]
Edingtonite9.GA.15Ba[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O
Elbaite9.CK.05Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Enstatite9.DA.05Mg2Si2O6
var. Bronzite9.DA.05(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Epidote9.BG.05a{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Epistilbite9.GD.45CaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Erionite-Ca9.GD.20(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Erionite-K9.GD.20(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Eulytine9.AD.40Bi4(SiO4)3
Ferri-winchite9.DE.20◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Ferrierite-K9.GD.50(K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Ferrierite-Mg (TL)9.GD.50[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
Ferrierite-Na9.GD.50(Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Ferripyrophyllite9.EC.10Fe3+Si2O5(OH)
Ferro-ferri-obertiite (TL)9.DE.25NaNa2(Fe2+3Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2
'Ferro-ferri-taramite' ?9.DE.20Na(CaNa)(Fe2+3Fe3+2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Ferro-glaucophane9.DE.25◻[Na2][Fe2+3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Ferro-hornblende9.DE.10◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Fluorapophyllite-(K)9.EA.15KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Fluoro-richterite9.DE.20{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Foitite9.CK.05◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Forsterite9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
var. Peridot9.AC.05Mg2SiO4
Franciscanite (TL)9.AF.75Mn2+6(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6
Fresnoite9.BE.15Ba2Ti(Si2O7)O
Gageite9.DH.35Mn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20
Ganophyllite9.EG.30(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
'Glauconite'9.EC.(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
Glaucophane9.DE.25◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Gonnardite9.GA.05(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Gonyerite9.EC.55(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
Greenalite9.ED.15(Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4
Grossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
var. Hessonite9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
var. Hibschite9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Grunerite9.DE.05◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Gyrolite9.EE.30NaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
Hardystonite9.BB.10Ca2Zn[Si2O7]
Harmotome9.GC.10Ba2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Hastingsite9.DE.15NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
Haüyne9.FB.10(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Hedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
Helvine9.FB.10Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S
Hisingerite9.ED.10Fe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O
Howieite (TL)9.DH.65Na(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
Humite9.AF.50(Mg,Fe2+)7(SiO4)3F2
'Hydrougrandite'9.AD.25 va(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
Ilvaite9.BE.07CaFe3+Fe2+2(Si2O7)O(OH)
Inesite9.DL.05Ca2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
Jadeite9.DA.25Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
Joaquinite-(Ce) (TL)9.CE.25NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Johannsenite9.DA.15CaMn2+Si2O6
Jonesite (TL)9.DJ.30Ba4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
Julgoldite-(Fe2+)9.BG.20Ca2Fe2+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Kaersutite9.DE.15NaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Kaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
var. Chrome-Kaolinite9.ED.05(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Kasolite9.AK.15Pb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Kenyaite9.HA.10Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Kyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
Laumontite9.GB.10CaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Lawsonite9.BE.05CaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O
Lazurite9.FB.10Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
Lennilenapeite9.EG.40K6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Lizardite9.ED.15Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
var. Nickel-bearing Lizardite9.ED.15(Mg,Ni)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Magadiite9.EA.20Na2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Magnesio-arfvedsonite9.DE.25{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Magnesio-hornblende9.DE.10◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Magnesio-riebeckite9.DE.25◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe3+2}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Manganvesuvianite9.BG.35Ca19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Margarite9.EC.30CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Mesolite9.GA.05Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Microcline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Monticellite9.AC.10CaMgSiO4
Montmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mordenite9.GD.35(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Morimotoite9.AD.25Ca3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Mountainite9.GG.10KNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
Muscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
var. Fuchsite9.EC.15K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
var. Illite9.EC.15K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
var. Mariposite9.EC.15K(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
var. Phengite9.EC.15KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
var. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Natrolite9.GA.05Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Neotocite9.ED.20(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Nepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
Neptunite9.EH.05Na2KLiFe2+2Ti2Si8O24
Nontronite9.EC.40Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Népouite9.ED.15(Ni,Mg)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Offretite9.GD.25KCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
Omphacite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(AleFe3+fFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Orthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Orthojoaquinite-(Ce) (TL)9.CE.25NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Ottrélite9.AF.85(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Palygorskite9.EE.20(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O
Paragonite9.EC.15NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Parauranophane9.AK.15Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Parsettensite9.EG.40(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Pecoraite9.ED.15Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Pectolite9.DG.05NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Phenakite9.AA.05Be2SiO4
Phillipsite-K9.GC.10(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Phlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Piemontite9.BG.05a{Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Potassic-chloro-hastingsite9.DE.15KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
Prehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Pumpellyite-(Mg)9.BG.20Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Pyrope9.AD.25Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
Pyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Revdite9.DM.30Na16Si16O27(OH)26 · 28H2O
Rhodesite9.EB.05KHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Rhodonite9.DK.05CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Richterite9.DE.20{Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Riebeckite9.DE.25◻[Na2][Fe2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH)2
Ringwoodite ?9.AC.15(Mg,Fe2+)2SiO4
Roscoelite ?9.EC.15K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Rosenhahnite (TL)9.BJ.10HCa3[Si3O9(OH)]
Sanidine9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Santaclaraite (TL)9.DK.10CaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
Saponite9.EC.45Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Schorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Schorlomite9.AD.25Ca3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Scolecite9.GA.05CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Sepiolite9.EE.25Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Serandite9.DG.05NaMn2+2Si3O8(OH)
Shirokshinite9.EC.20K(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
Sillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
Sodalite9.FB.10Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Sonolite9.AF.55Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2
Spessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Spodumene9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
var. Kunzite9.DA.30LiAlSi2O6
Staurolite9.AF.30Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)
Stellerite9.GE.15Ca4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Stevensite9.EC.45(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Stilpnomelane9.EG.40(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
var. Ekmanite9.EG.40(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
var. Ferristilpnomelane9.EG.40K(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Strontiojoaquinite (TL)9.CE.25Sr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Sursassite9.BG.15Mn2+2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
Tainiolite9.EC.15KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Talc9.EC.05Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
var. Steatite9.EC.05Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
Taneyamalite9.DH.65(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Taramellite9.CE.20Ba4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Tephroite9.AC.05Mn2+2SiO4
Thomsonite-Ca9.GA.10NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Thorite9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
var. Thorogummite9.AD.30(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
var. Uranothorite9.AD.30(Th,U)SiO4
Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
Titantaramellite9.CE.20Ba4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Topaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Tremolite9.DE.10◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Tungusite9.EE.30Ca4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
Uranophane9.AK.15Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Uvarovite9.AD.25Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3
Vermiculite9.EC.50Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Vesuvianite9.BG.35Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
var. Cerian Vesuvianite9.BG.35(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Vishnevite9.FB.05(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Vuagnatite9.AG.60CaAl(SiO4)(OH)
Wairakite9.GB.05Ca(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Willemite9.AA.05Zn2SiO4
Winchite9.DE.20◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Wollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
'Wollastonite-1A'9.DG.05CaSiO3
Xonotlite9.DG.35Ca6(Si6O17)(OH)2
'Zeolite Group'9.G0.
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
Zoisite9.BG.10Ca2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
var. Thulite9.BG.10{Ca2}{Al,Mn3+3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Zussmanite (TL)9.EG.35K(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
Group 10 - Organic Compounds
Carpathite10.BA.30C24H12
Idrialite10.BA.20C22H14
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
''-
'Actinolite-Tremolite Series'-
'Alkali Feldspar'-
'Allanite Group'-{A12+REE3+}{M13+M23+M32+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
'Almandine-Pyrope Series'-
'Almandine-Spessartine Series'-
'Amber'-
'Amphibole Asbestos'-
'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
'Anauxite'-
'Andorite'-AgPbSb3S6
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
'var. Collophane'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
'Apophyllite Group'-AB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
'Aragotite' (TL)-(C,H)
'Asbestos'-
'var. Mountain Leather'-
'Axinite Group'-
'Barkevikite' ?-
'Bastnäsite'-(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
'Bloodstone'-SiO2
'Brewsterite' ?-
'CCUK-14'-Hg-Si-O
'CCUK-8'-(Hg, CrO4, S, H2O)?
'Calcite Group'-AXO3
'Chabazite'-
'Chlorite Group'-
'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)'-
'Chrysoprase'-
'Clays'-
'Clinoptilolite'-M3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'-
'Copper Stain'-
'Dachiardite Subgroup'-
'Deweylite'-Mg4Si3O10 · 6H2O ?
'Dravite-Schorl Series' ?-
'Erionite'-M2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
'Feldspar Group'-
'var. Perthite'-
'Fergusonite'-
'Ferrierite'-
'Ferro-actinolite-Tremolite Series'-
'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
'Garnierite'-
'Gmelinite'-
'Grossular-Hibschite Series'-
'Heulandite'-
'Hornblende'-
'Hydrotroilite'-FeS · H2O ?
'Hypersthene'-(Mg,Fe)SiO3
'Iddingsite'-MgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
'Indicolite'-A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'Iron-Platinum alloy'-(Pt,Fe)
'K Feldspar'-KAlSi3O8
'var. Adularia'-KAlSi3O8
'Kaolinite Subgroup'-Al2Si2O5(OH)4
'Kerite'-
'Lepidolite'-
'Leucoxene'-
'Limonite'-
'Lévyne'-
'Manganese Oxides'-
'var. Manganese Dendrites'-
'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)
'Melnikovite'-
'Mica Group'-
'Molybdic Ochre'-
'Monazite'-REE(PO4)
'Napalite'-C3H4
'Nickel-iron'-
'Ochre'-
'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
'Opalite'-
'Orbicular Jasper'-
'Petroleum'-
'var. Bitumen'-
'Phillipsite Subgroup'-
'var. Wellsite'-(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
'Platinum-Group Elements'-
'Psilomelane'-
'Pumpellyite Subgroup'-Ca2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
'Pyrobitumen'-
'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
'Riebeckite Root Name Group'-◻[Na2][Z2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
'var. Crocidolite'-◻[Na2][Z2+3Fe3+2]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
'Scapolite'-
'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
'var. Marmolite'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
'var. Nickel-bearing Serpentine'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
'var. Picrolite'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
'Silica'-
'Smectite Group'-A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
'Stibioferrite'-
'Stilbite Subgroup'-M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
'Tantalite'-(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'-
'Tetrahedrite Group'-M2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
'Thomsonite'-
'Tourmalinated Quartz'-
'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'var. Achroite'-A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'var. Rubellite'-A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'var. Verdelite'-A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'var. Watermelon Tourmaline'-A(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
'UM1979-19-Sb:Rh'-RhSb
'UM2004-43-S:CuIrOs' ?-(Os,Ir)2CuS
'UM2008-33-O:BaSiTi'-Ba(Si,Ti)3O7
'UM2008-34-O:BaSiTi'-Ba(Ti,Si)2O5
'UM2008-35-O:BaTi'-BaTi3O7
'Veatchite-A'-Sr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
'Wad'-
'var. Cobalt-bearing Wad'-
'Xenotime'-
'α-Arsenic Sulphide'-AsS

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
H Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
H JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
H Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
H Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
H SilhydriteSi3O6 · H2O
H HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
H Poitevinite(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O
H YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
H BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
H FranciscaniteMn62+(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6
H SantaclaraiteCaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
H StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
H VeatchiteSr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
H Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
H Aragotite(C,H)
H Buddingtonite(NH4)(AlSi3O8)
H CoalingiteMg10Fe23+(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O
H NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
H Deerite(Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
H HowieiteNa(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
H ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
H Mcguinnessite(Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
H KempiteMn22+(OH)3Cl
H RosenhahniteHCa3[Si3O9(OH)]
H MeridianiiteMgSO4 · 11H2O
H Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
H TeepleiteNa2[B(OH)4]Cl
H CoyoteiteNaFe3S5 · 2H2O
H ErditeNaFeS2 · 2H2O
H Orickite2CuFeS2 · H2O
H PriceiteCa2B5O7(OH)5 · H2O
H Datolite var. BakeriteCa4(H5B5Si3O20)
H DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
H LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
H OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
H Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
H GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
H Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
H AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
H Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
H LawsoniteCaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O
H LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
H MoriniteNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
H Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
H ZoisiteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
H Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
H HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
H EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
H BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
H MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
H KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
H Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
H MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
H NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
H AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
H BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
H PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
H Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
H Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
H Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
H InesiteCa2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
H Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
H Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
H AlleghanyiteMn52+(SiO4)2(OH)2
H Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
H Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
H TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
H PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
H Zoisite var. Thulite{Ca2}{Al,Mn33+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
H ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
H CaryopiliteMn32+Si2O5(OH)4
H Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
H Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
H AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H BruciteMg(OH)2
H ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H DesautelsiteMg6Mn23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
H Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
H Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
H ArtiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
H KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
H MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
H Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
H MountainiteKNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
H RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
H Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H RevditeNa16Si16O27(OH)26 · 28H2O
H GageiteMn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20
H Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
H Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
H Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
H JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
H ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
H ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
H Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
H Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
H KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
H KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
H MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
H ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
H ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
H Clinozoisite{Ca2}{Al3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
H SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
H ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
H Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
H LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
H Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
H ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
H AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
H DiasporeAlO(OH)
H DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
H GibbsiteAl(OH)3
H PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
H Allanite Group{A12+REE3+}{M13+M23+M32+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
H Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
H Opal var. HyaliteSiO2 · nH2O
H CowlesiteCaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O
H OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
H MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
H BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
H BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
H NatrojarositeNaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
H StibiconiteSb3+Sb25+O6(OH)
H VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
H Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
H SymplesiteFe32+(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
H ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
H SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
H LansforditeMgCO3 · 5H2O
H Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
H Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
H Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
H FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
H Népouite(Ni,Mg)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
H ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
H CesaniteNa3Ca2(SO4)3(OH)
H Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
H UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
H BíliniteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 22H2O
H Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
H Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe23+[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
H AnsermetiteMn2+(V2O6) · 4H2O
H Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
H VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
H Opal var. Fire OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
H Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
H Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
H MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
H AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
H CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
H HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
H KröhnkiteNa2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
H RömeriteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O
H Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite(Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O
H PentahydriteMgSO4 · 5H2O
H HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
H SonoliteMn92+(SiO4)4(OH)2
H Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
H CymriteBaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O
H VivianiteFe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
H Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
H Ferro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
H ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
H PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
H Agardite-(Y)YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
H Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
H PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
H HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
H BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
H Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
H NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
H HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
H DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
H CarpathiteC24H12
H Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
H Mountkeithite[(Mg1-xFex3+)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O
H BayldonitePbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2
H VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
H ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
H CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
H CuprosklodowskiteCu(UO2)2(SiO3OH]2 · 6H2O
H JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
H ColemaniteCa[B3O4(OH)3] · H2O
H HowliteCa2B5SiO9(OH)5
H UlexiteNaCa[B5O6(OH)6] · 5H2O
H ProbertiteNaCa[B5O7(OH)4] · 3H2O
H BoraxNa2(B4O5)(OH)4 · 8H2O
H TincalconiteNa2(B4O7) · 5H2O
H Veatchite-ASr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
H StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
H PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
H HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
H RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
H EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
H FrondeliteMn2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
H MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
H HydroxylherderiteCaBe(PO4)(OH)
H MorenositeNiSO4 · 7H2O
H CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
H Piemontite{Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
H EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
H Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
H SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
H ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
H Gypsum var. AlabasterCaSO4 · 2H2O
H BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
H Allanite-(Ce){CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
H Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
H Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
H SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
H StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
H Lepidocrociteγ-Fe3+O(OH)
H Rhomboclase(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O
H CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
H VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
H InyoiteCa(H4B3O7)(OH) · 4H2O
H SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
H KorneliteFe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O
H RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
H SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
H Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
H Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
H Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
H Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
H PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
H SassoliteH3BO3
H Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
H WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
H KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
H Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
H PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H DiadochiteFe23+(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
H IdrialiteC22H14
H KoninckiteFe3+PO4 · 3H2O
H Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
H GyroliteNaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
H StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2O
H TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
H Starkeyite var. Iron-bearing Starkeyite(Mg,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O
H TungstiteWO3 · H2O
H PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
H LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
H AluminocopiapiteAl2/3Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
H UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
H NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
H MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
H AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
H HydroboraciteCaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2 · 3H2O
H HisingeriteFe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O
H Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
H Riebeckite Root Name Group◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
H Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
H Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
H WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
H PyroauriteMg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
H MagnesiocopiapiteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
H Clinochlore var. Sheridanite(Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
H Eglestonite[Hg2]32+OCl3(OH)
H Agardite-(La)LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
H VuagnatiteCaAl(SiO4)(OH)
H TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
H NapaliteC3H4
H Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
H CCUK-8(Hg, CrO4, S, H2O)?
H LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
H TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
H VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
H Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
H Magnesio-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
H Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
H Dawsonite var. Chromium-bearing DawsoniteNa(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
H Alumohydrocalcite var. Chromium-bearing AlumohydrocalciteCa(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
H DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
H AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
H MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
H Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
H Berthierine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4
H AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
H DeweyliteMg4Si3O10 · 6H2O ?
H StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
H PyrochroiteMn(OH)2
H Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
H SursassiteMn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
H NamibiteCu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
H BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
H BotryogenMgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
H Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
H TungusiteCa4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
H Opal var. Lemon OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H Opal var. Precious OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H Antigorite var. WilliamsiteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
H EdingtoniteBa[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O
H Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
H ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H PharmacoliteCa(HAsO4) · 2H2O
H Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
H Nsutite(Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
H Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
H Lizardite var. Nickel-bearing Lizardite(Mg,Ni)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
H Mosesite(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
H TunisiteNaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
H ErioniteM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
H CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
H PortlanditeCa(OH)2
H HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
H Palygorskite(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O
H Hydrougrandite(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
H ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
H IceH2O
H SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
H NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
H ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
H SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
H FibroferriteFe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
H MendoziteNaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
H FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
H Erionite-K(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
H CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
H Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
H ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
H HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
H BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
H QuenstedtiteFe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O
H KaňkiteFeAsO4 · 3.5H2O
H LazuriteNa7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
H PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
H MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
H ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
H LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
H Ferrierite-K(K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
H HydrotroiliteFeS · H2O ?
H Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
H Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H SalammoniacNH4Cl
H Talc var. SteatiteMg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
H BöhmiteAlO(OH)
H Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
H Dachiardite-Ca(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
H Erionite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
H Clinoptilolite-CaCa3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
H Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
H Ferrierite-Na(Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
H Dachiardite-Na(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
H Gypsum var. Satin Spar GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
H FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)
H Opal var. Prase OpalSiO2 · nH2O
H Magnesiocopiapite var. KnoxvilliteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
H HohmanniteFe23+(SO4)2O · 8H2O
H Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
H Opal var. Opal-CSiO2 · nH2O
H TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
H GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
H PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
H ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
H Ferro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe32+Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
H LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
H BieberiteCoSO4 · 7H2O
H GoslariteZnSO4 · 7H2O
H PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
H Ottrélite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
H KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
H Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
H DaubréeiteBiO(OH)
H Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
H Richterite{Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
H Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
H Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
H Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
H Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
H Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
H Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
H IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe22+(Si2O7)O(OH)
H Greenalite(Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4
H Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
H Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
H PicropharmacoliteCa4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2O
H Kaolinite SubgroupAl2Si2O5(OH)4
H SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
H Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
H Clinoptilolite-NaNa6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
H HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
H PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
H DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
H Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
H EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
H AmiciteK2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
H RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
LiLithium
Li FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Li SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Li SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Li NeptuniteNa2KLiFe22+Ti2Si8O24
Li Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Li LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Li MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Li AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Li Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Li ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Li Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Li TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
BeBeryllium
Be Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Be BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Be Beryl var. MorganiteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Be DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Be BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Be HerderiteCaBe(PO4)F
Be HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Be Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Be HydroxylherderiteCaBe(PO4)(OH)
Be Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Be BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Be PhenakiteBe2SiO4
BBoron
B VeatchiteSr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
B TeepleiteNa2[B(OH)4]Cl
B PriceiteCa2B5O7(OH)5 · H2O
B Datolite var. BakeriteCa4(H5B5Si3O20)
B DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
B Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
B TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
B DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
B SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
B Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
B Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
B ColemaniteCa[B3O4(OH)3] · H2O
B HowliteCa2B5SiO9(OH)5
B UlexiteNaCa[B5O6(OH)6] · 5H2O
B ProbertiteNaCa[B5O7(OH)4] · 3H2O
B BoraxNa2(B4O5)(OH)4 · 8H2O
B TincalconiteNa2(B4O7) · 5H2O
B Veatchite-ASr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
B DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
B InyoiteCa(H4B3O7)(OH) · 4H2O
B SassoliteH3BO3
B Tourmaline var. VerdeliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
B IndicoliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
B Tourmaline var. RubelliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
B HydroboraciteCaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2 · 3H2O
B TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
B TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
B LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
B VonseniteFe22+Fe3+(BO3)O2
B ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
B Tourmaline var. Watermelon TourmalineA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
B Tourmaline var. AchroiteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
B SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
B Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
B DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
CCarbon
C Aragotite(C,H)
C CoalingiteMg10Fe23+(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O
C Mcguinnessite(Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
C SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
C CalciteCaCO3
C MagnesiteMgCO3
C Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
C LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
C DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
C AragoniteCaCO3
C HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
C AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
C AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
C MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
C RhodochrositeMnCO3
C Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite(Ca,Mn)CO3
C SideriteFeCO3
C DesautelsiteMg6Mn23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
C ArtiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
C GraphiteC
C Calcite var. Cobalt-bearing Calcite(Ca,Co)CO3
C Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
C CerussitePbCO3
C SmithsoniteZnCO3
C Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
C LansforditeMgCO3 · 5H2O
C ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
C WitheriteBaCO3
C KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
C ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
C NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
C HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
C DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
C CarpathiteC24H12
C Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
C StrontianiteSrCO3
C Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
C IdrialiteC22H14
C Cerussite var. Silver-bearing CerussitePbCO3 with Ag
C DiamondC
C PyroauriteMg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
C NapaliteC3H4
C Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
C Siderite var. Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
C Dawsonite var. Chromium-bearing DawsoniteNa(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
C Alumohydrocalcite var. Chromium-bearing AlumohydrocalciteCa(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
C DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
C AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
C Calcite var. Limestone OnyxCaCO3
C TunisiteNaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
C HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
C NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
C Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
C Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite(Fe,Mg)CO3
C TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
C GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
C PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
C NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
C TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
C ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
C HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
C NatriteNa2CO3
C Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
C Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
C Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
C HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
NNitrogen
N Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
N Buddingtonite(NH4)(AlSi3O8)
N UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
N NitratineNaNO3
N Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
N Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
N Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
N Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
N Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
N Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
N Mosesite(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
N NiterKNO3
N SalammoniacNH4Cl
OOxygen
O Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
O BenitoiteBaTi(Si3O9)
O Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
O JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
O Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
O BarioperovskiteBaTiO3
O Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
O SilhydriteSi3O6 · H2O
O HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
O Poitevinite(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O
O YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
O BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
O FranciscaniteMn62+(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6
O SantaclaraiteCaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
O StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
O VeatchiteSr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
O ArcaniteK2SO4
O Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
O Buddingtonite(NH4)(AlSi3O8)
O CoalingiteMg10Fe23+(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O
O NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
O Deerite(Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
O HowieiteNa(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
O ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
O Mcguinnessite(Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
O KempiteMn22+(OH)3Cl
O RosenhahniteHCa3[Si3O9(OH)]
O MeridianiiteMgSO4 · 11H2O
O LithargePbO
O Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
O TeepleiteNa2[B(OH)4]Cl
O SchuetteiteHg32+(SO4)O2
O CoyoteiteNaFe3S5 · 2H2O
O ErditeNaFeS2 · 2H2O
O Orickite2CuFeS2 · H2O
O Ferro-ferri-obertiiteNaNa2(Fe32+Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2
O PriceiteCa2B5O7(OH)5 · H2O
O Datolite var. BakeriteCa4(H5B5Si3O20)
O DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
O RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
O CorundumAl2O3
O RutileTiO2
O QuartzSiO2
O LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
O OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
O ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
O CalciteCaCO3
O Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
O TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
O ZirconZr(SiO4)
O Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
O GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
O Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
O AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
O AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
O Maghemite(Fe3+0.670.33)Fe23+O4
O MagnesiteMgCO3
O EulytineBi4(SiO4)3
O PucheriteBi(VO4)
O FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
O Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
O Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
O Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
O LawsoniteCaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O
O LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
O MoriniteNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
O Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
O SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
O SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
O Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
O TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O ZoisiteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
O Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
O FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
O DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
O Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
O BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O Beryl var. MorganiteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
O AragoniteCaCO3
O HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
O EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
O BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
O MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
O KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
O AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
O CelestineSrSO4
O AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
O Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
O Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
O HematiteFe2O3
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
O Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
O OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
O Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
O MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
O NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
O AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
O CupriteCu2O
O Cuprite var. ChalcotrichiteCu2O
O BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
O PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
O Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
O Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
O RhodochrositeMnCO3
O Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
O Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite(Ca,Mn)CO3
O CredneriteCuMnO2
O InesiteCa2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
O HausmanniteMn2+Mn23+O4
O BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
O BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)
O Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
O JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
O IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
O Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
O AlleghanyiteMn52+(SiO4)2(OH)2
O TephroiteMn22+SiO4
O JohannseniteCaMn2+Si2O6
O GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
O PyrolusiteMn4+O2
O SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
O Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
O Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
O ForsteriteMg2SiO4
O Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
O TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
O PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
O DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
O Zoisite var. Thulite{Ca2}{Al,Mn33+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
O AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O SpinelMgAl2O4
O ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
O Humite(Mg,Fe2+)7(SiO4)3F2
O K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
O CaryopiliteMn32+Si2O5(OH)4
O Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
O Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
O Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
O SideriteFeCO3
O UraniniteUO2
O AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O BruciteMg(OH)2
O ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O PerovskiteCaTiO3
O DesautelsiteMg6Mn23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
O Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
O JadeiteNa(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
O Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
O ArtiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
O ScheeliteCa(WO4)
O HübneriteMnWO4
O KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
O MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
O Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
O MountainiteKNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
O RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
O Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O RevditeNa16Si16O27(OH)26 · 28H2O
O GageiteMn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20
O Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
O BaryteBaSO4
O Smectite GroupA0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O
O AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
O Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
O Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
O JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
O ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
O ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
O Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
O Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
O KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
O TantiteTa2O5
O MonaziteREE(PO4)
O Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
O KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
O MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
O ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
O ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
O Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
O AnglesitePbSO4
O Uraninite var. PitchblendeUO2
O Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
O AnhydriteCaSO4
O Clinozoisite{Ca2}{Al3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
O PowelliteCa(MoO4)
O SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O Calcite var. Cobalt-bearing Calcite(Ca,Co)CO3
O K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
O Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
O CerussitePbCO3
O ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
O SmithsoniteZnCO3
O Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
O LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
O BindheimitePb2Sb2O6O
O KermesiteSb2S2O
O Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
O ThorianiteThO2
O Olivine GroupM2SiO4
O Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
O WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
O CassiteriteSnO2
O HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
O Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
O ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
O AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
O AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
O AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
O DiasporeAlO(OH)
O DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
O GibbsiteAl(OH)3
O PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
O Allanite Group{A12+REE3+}{M13+M23+M32+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
O ThoriteTh(SiO4)
O Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
O MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
O Opal var. HyaliteSiO2 · nH2O
O CowlesiteCaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O
O OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
O Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
O MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
O BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
O BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
O NatrojarositeNaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
O SenarmontiteSb2O3
O StibiconiteSb3+Sb25+O6(OH)
O TripuhyiteFe3+Sb5+O4
O Quartz var. Rock CrystalSiO2
O DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
O WulfenitePb(MoO4)
O VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
O Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
O Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
O SymplesiteFe32+(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
O ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
O SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
O LansforditeMgCO3 · 5H2O
O WillemiteZn2SiO4
O FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
O ZinciteZnO
O HetaeroliteZnMn2O4
O HardystoniteCa2Zn[Si2O7]
O Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
O Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
O TenoriteCuO
O Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
O EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
O UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
O Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
O FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
O Népouite(Ni,Mg)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
O ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
O CesaniteNa3Ca2(SO4)3(OH)
O Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
O HectorfloresiteNa9(SO4)4(IO3)
O MillosevichiteAl2(SO4)3
O UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
O BíliniteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 22H2O
O Diopside var. DiallageCaMgSi2O6
O MolybditeMoO3
O Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
O Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe23+[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
O WitheriteBaCO3
O AnsermetiteMn2+(V2O6) · 4H2O
O Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
O VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
O Opal var. Fire OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
O Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
O Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
O MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
O AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
O CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
O HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
O KröhnkiteNa2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
O RömeriteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O
O Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite(Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O
O PentahydriteMgSO4 · 5H2O
O CristobaliteSiO2
O HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
O KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
O SonoliteMn92+(SiO4)4(OH)2
O Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
O CymriteBaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O
O VivianiteFe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
O Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
O Ferro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
O MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
O Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
O Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O BanalsiteNa2BaAl4Si4O16
O ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
O BaddeleyiteZrO2
O PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
O Agardite-(Y)YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
O Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
O NeptuniteNa2KLiFe22+Ti2Si8O24
O PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
O Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
O HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
O BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
O Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
O Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
O NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
O HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
O DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
O Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
O Mountkeithite[(Mg1-xFex3+)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O
O VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
O NitratineNaNO3
O BayldonitePbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2
O Magnetite var. LodestoneFe2+Fe23+O4
O VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
O ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
O CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
O CuprosklodowskiteCu(UO2)2(SiO3OH]2 · 6H2O
O JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
O Quartz var. Rutilated QuartzSiO2
O Quartz var. Moss AgateSiO2
O BloodstoneSiO2
O BranneriteUTi2O6
O Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
O Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
O SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
O ColemaniteCa[B3O4(OH)3] · H2O
O Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
O ValentiniteSb2O3
O CervantiteSb3+Sb5+O4
O HowliteCa2B5SiO9(OH)5
O UlexiteNaCa[B5O6(OH)6] · 5H2O
O ProbertiteNaCa[B5O7(OH)4] · 3H2O
O BoraxNa2(B4O5)(OH)4 · 8H2O
O TincalconiteNa2(B4O7) · 5H2O
O Veatchite-ASr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
O StrontianiteSrCO3
O Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
O LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
O PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
O HerderiteCaBe(PO4)F
O DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
O HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
O StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
O PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
O HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
O RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
O EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
O FrondeliteMn2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
O MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
O Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
O HydroxylherderiteCaBe(PO4)(OH)
O MorenositeNiSO4 · 7H2O
O CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
O Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4
O Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
O Piemontite{Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
O HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
O Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
O HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
O EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
O Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
O SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
O ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
O TridymiteSiO2
O Wollastonite-1ACaSiO3
O Gypsum var. AlabasterCaSO4 · 2H2O
O BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
O Allanite-(Ce){CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
O Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
O Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
O ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
O Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
O Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
O SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
O StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
O CrocoitePbCr6+O4
O Lepidocrociteγ-Fe3+O(OH)
O Rhomboclase(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O
O CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
O VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
O InyoiteCa(H4B3O7)(OH) · 4H2O
O SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
O KorneliteFe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O
O RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
O SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
O Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
O Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
O Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
O Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
O PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
O SassoliteH3BO3
O Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
O WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
O KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
O Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
O PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O DiadochiteFe23+(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
O KoninckiteFe3+PO4 · 3H2O
O FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
O Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
O GyroliteNaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
O AnataseTiO2
O StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2O
O TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
O Starkeyite var. Iron-bearing Starkeyite(Mg,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O
O FerberiteFeWO4
O TungstiteWO3 · H2O
O Cerussite var. Silver-bearing CerussitePbCO3 with Ag
O Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
O PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
O LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
O Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
O Spinel var. Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
O AluminocopiapiteAl2/3Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
O UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
O CCUK-14Hg-Si-O
O Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
O NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
O Tourmaline var. VerdeliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O IndicoliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O Tourmaline var. RubelliteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
O AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
O PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
O MontroyditeHgO
O HydroboraciteCaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2 · 3H2O
O HisingeriteFe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O
O Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
O Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
O Riebeckite Root Name Group◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
O Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
O Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
O AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
O NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
O WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
O CoulsoniteFe2+V23+O4
O PyroauriteMg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
O Quartz var. Clear Lake DiamondSiO2
O MagnesiocopiapiteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
O Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
O Clinochlore var. Sheridanite(Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
O Eglestonite[Hg2]32+OCl3(OH)
O Terlinguaite[Hg3]4+Hg2+Cl2O2
O FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
O TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
O TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
O Fluorapatite var. Strontium-bearing Apatite(Ca,Sr)5(PO4)3F
O Agardite-(La)LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
O VuagnatiteCaAl(SiO4)(OH)
O TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
O Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
O CCUK-8(Hg, CrO4, S, H2O)?
O LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
O TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
O VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
O Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
O Siderite var. Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
O Magnesio-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
O CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
O Aegirine var. Vanadium-bearing AegirineNa(Fe3+,V3+)Si2O6
O Edgarbaileyite[Hg2]32+[Si2O7]
O Quartz var. CitrineSiO2
O Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
O Quartz var. MyrickiteSiO2
O Dawsonite var. Chromium-bearing DawsoniteNa(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
O Alumohydrocalcite var. Chromium-bearing AlumohydrocalciteCa(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
O DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
O AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
O MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
O Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
O Berthierine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4
O AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
O DeweyliteMg4Si3O10 · 6H2O ?
O StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
O PyrochroiteMn(OH)2
O Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
O SursassiteMn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
O Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
O ClinobisvaniteBi(VO4)
O NamibiteCu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
O BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
O BotryogenMgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
O Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
O Andalusite var. ChiastoliteAl2(SiO4)O
O TungusiteCa4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
O Calcite var. Limestone OnyxCaCO3
O Opal var. Lemon OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O Opal var. Precious OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
O VonseniteFe22+Fe3+(BO3)O2
O MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
O Antigorite var. WilliamsiteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
O AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
O EdingtoniteBa[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O
O PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
O Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
O MogániteSiO2
O Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
O ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O LechatelieriteSiO2
O PharmacoliteCa(HAsO4) · 2H2O
O Tourmaline var. Watermelon TourmalineA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O Tourmaline var. AchroiteA(D3)G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
O MassicotPbO
O Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
O Nsutite(Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
O Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
O Lizardite var. Nickel-bearing Lizardite(Mg,Ni)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
O Wattersite[Hg2]22+Hg2+[CrO4]O2
O Mosesite(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
O TunisiteNaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
O ErioniteM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
O CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
O KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
O PortlanditeCa(OH)2
O BrookiteTiO2
O HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
O Palygorskite(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O
O Hydrougrandite(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
O ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
O IceH2O
O Calcite GroupAXO3
O SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
O NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
O ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
O SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
O FibroferriteFe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
O CelsianBa(Al2Si2O8)
O Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
O ArsenoliteAs2O3
O MendoziteNaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
O FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
O Erionite-K(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
O CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
O Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
O Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
O ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
O HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
O Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
O HiboniteCaAl12O19
O Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite(Fe,Mg)CO3
O BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
O QuenstedtiteFe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O
O KaňkiteFeAsO4 · 3.5H2O
O PhenakiteBe2SiO4
O MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
O GahniteZnAl2O4
O LazuriteNa7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
O PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
O NiterKNO3
O MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
O ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
O LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
O ThénarditeNa2SO4
O SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
O Ferrierite-K(K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
O PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
O Quartz var. Plume AgateSiO2
O Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
O Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
O Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
O HydrotroiliteFeS · H2O ?
O Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
O Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
O Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O StibiotantaliteSb(Ta,Nb)O4
O Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
O Talc var. SteatiteMg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
O Quartz var. Fortification AgateSiO2
O BöhmiteAlO(OH)
O Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
O Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
O Dachiardite-Ca(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
O Erionite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
O Clinoptilolite-CaCa3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
O Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
O Ferrierite-Na(Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
O Dachiardite-Na(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
O GeikieliteMgTiO3
O ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
O Quartz var. Agate-JasperSiO2
O Gypsum var. Satin Spar GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
O Quartz var. PraseSiO2
O FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)
O ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
O Quartz var. Iris AgateSiO2
O Opal var. Prase OpalSiO2 · nH2O
O Magnesiocopiapite var. KnoxvilliteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
O HohmanniteFe23+(SO4)2O · 8H2O
O Diopside var. ViolanCaMgSi2O6
O Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
O Opal var. Opal-CSiO2 · nH2O
O TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
O GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
O PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
O NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
O TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
O ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
O GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
O Ferro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe32+Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
O LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
O BieberiteCoSO4 · 7H2O
O GoslariteZnSO4 · 7H2O
O HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
O PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
O NatriteNa2CO3
O Ottrélite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
O TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
O KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
O Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
O DaubréeiteBiO(OH)
O TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
O Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
O Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
O Richterite{Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
O SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
O Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
O Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
O Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
O Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
O Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
O KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
O Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
O Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
O IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe22+(Si2O7)O(OH)
O Greenalite(Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4
O Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
O Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
O PicropharmacoliteCa4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2O
O Kaolinite SubgroupAl2Si2O5(OH)4
O BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
O SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
O UM2008-35-O:BaTiBaTi3O7
O UM2008-34-O:BaSiTiBa(Ti,Si)2O5
O Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
O UM2008-33-O:BaSiTiBa(Si,Ti)3O7
O Clinoptilolite-NaNa6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
O HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
O Quartz-betaSiO2
O PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
O FarringtoniteMg3(PO4)2
O DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
O Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
O Ringwoodite(Mg,Fe2+)2SiO4
O EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
O AmiciteK2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
O MiniumPb3O4
O RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O ClaudetiteAs2O3
FFluorine
F Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
F SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
F Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
F MoriniteNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
F FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
F ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
F Humite(Mg,Fe2+)7(SiO4)3F2
F Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
F FluoriteCaF2
F Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
F Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
F HerderiteCaBe(PO4)F
F ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
F Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
F Riebeckite Root Name Group◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
F AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
F FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
F Fluorapatite var. Strontium-bearing Apatite(Ca,Sr)5(PO4)3F
F TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
F Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
F Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
F ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
F ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
F TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
F Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
F Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
NaSodium
Na Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Na JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
Na Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Na Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
Na StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Na HowieiteNa(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
Na TeepleiteNa2[B(OH)4]Cl
Na CoyoteiteNaFe3S5 · 2H2O
Na ErditeNaFeS2 · 2H2O
Na Ferro-ferri-obertiiteNaNa2(Fe32+Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2
Na SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
Na MoriniteNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
Na BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Na MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
Na AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Na Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Na Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Na Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Na NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Na AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Na Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Na Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Na Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Na Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Na JadeiteNa(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
Na KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Na MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Na Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Na MountainiteKNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
Na HaliteNaCl
Na RevditeNa16Si16O27(OH)26 · 28H2O
Na Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Na AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Na Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Na Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Na ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Na SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Na MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Na NatrojarositeNaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
Na CesaniteNa3Ca2(SO4)3(OH)
Na Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Na HectorfloresiteNa9(SO4)4(IO3)
Na UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Na Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Na KröhnkiteNa2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Na Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Na Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Na BanalsiteNa2BaAl4Si4O16
Na Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Na NeptuniteNa2KLiFe22+Ti2Si8O24
Na PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Na Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Na Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Na NitratineNaNO3
Na UlexiteNaCa[B5O6(OH)6] · 5H2O
Na ProbertiteNaCa[B5O7(OH)4] · 3H2O
Na BoraxNa2(B4O5)(OH)4 · 8H2O
Na TincalconiteNa2(B4O7) · 5H2O
Na Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Na Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Na Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Na GyroliteNaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
Na NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Na Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Na Riebeckite Root Name Group◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Na NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Na Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Na Magnesio-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Na Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Na Aegirine var. Vanadium-bearing AegirineNa(Fe3+,V3+)Si2O6
Na Dawsonite var. Chromium-bearing DawsoniteNa(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
Na DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Na Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
Na AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Na Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Na Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
Na ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Na Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Na Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Na TunisiteNaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
Na NatronNa2CO3 · 10H2O
Na MendoziteNaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Na Erionite-K(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Na HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
Na LazuriteNa7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
Na ThénarditeNa2SO4
Na Ferrierite-K(K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Na Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Na Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Na Dachiardite-Ca(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Na Erionite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Na Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Na Ferrierite-Na(Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Na Dachiardite-Na(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Na ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
Na TronaNa3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Na GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Na PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Na NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Na TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Na ThermonatriteNa2CO3 · H2O
Na GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
Na Ferro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe32+Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Na HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Na NatriteNa2CO3
Na Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Na Richterite{Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Na SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Na Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Na Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Na Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Na Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Na Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Na KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Na Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Na SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
Na Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Na Clinoptilolite-NaNa6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Na DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Na Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Na EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Na AmiciteK2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
MgMagnesium
Mg Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
Mg HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
Mg CoalingiteMg10Fe23+(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O
Mg NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
Mg ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
Mg Mcguinnessite(Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
Mg MeridianiiteMgSO4 · 11H2O
Mg Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Mg MagnesiteMgCO3
Mg Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Mg DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mg HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
Mg EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
Mg BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Mg KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Mg AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Mg Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Mg Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Mg Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Mg Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Mg ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Mg Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Mg TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Mg PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mg DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mg SpinelMgAl2O4
Mg Humite(Mg,Fe2+)7(SiO4)3F2
Mg AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg BruciteMg(OH)2
Mg ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mg LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg DesautelsiteMg6Mn23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Mg Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Mg Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Mg ArtiniteMg2(CO3)(OH)2 · 3H2O
Mg Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mg Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Mg Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Mg Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mg Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Mg Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Mg Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mg MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Mg OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
Mg Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Mg LansforditeMgCO3 · 5H2O
Mg Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Mg EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Mg Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Mg Népouite(Ni,Mg)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Mg Diopside var. DiallageCaMgSi2O6
Mg Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Mg VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Mg Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Mg PentahydriteMgSO4 · 5H2O
Mg Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Mg MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Mg Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mg Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mg NesquehoniteMgCO3 · 3H2O
Mg HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Mg DypingiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 5H2O
Mg Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Mg Mountkeithite[(Mg1-xFex3+)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O
Mg VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Mg Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Mg Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Mg Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Mg SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Mg ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
Mg Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Mg Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Mg Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Mg PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Mg Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Mg StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2O
Mg TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Mg Starkeyite var. Iron-bearing Starkeyite(Mg,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O
Mg Spinel var. Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
Mg HydroboraciteCaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2 · 3H2O
Mg Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mg WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Mg PyroauriteMg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Mg MagnesiocopiapiteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Mg Clinochlore var. Sheridanite(Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Mg TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Mg TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Mg Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Mg Magnesio-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Mg Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Mg AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Mg DeweyliteMg4Si3O10 · 6H2O ?
Mg BotryogenMgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
Mg Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
Mg LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Mg Antigorite var. WilliamsiteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Mg PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Mg Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
Mg Lizardite var. Nickel-bearing Lizardite(Mg,Ni)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Mg Palygorskite(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O
Mg Hydrougrandite(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
Mg SzaibélyiteMgBO2(OH)
Mg CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Mg Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Mg Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite(Fe,Mg)CO3
Mg MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Mg ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Mg LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Mg Talc var. SteatiteMg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
Mg GeikieliteMgTiO3
Mg ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
Mg ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
Mg Magnesiocopiapite var. KnoxvilliteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Mg Diopside var. ViolanCaMgSi2O6
Mg NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Mg TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
Mg LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Mg Ottrélite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Mg Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mg TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Mg Richterite{Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Mg KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Mg Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Mg Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Mg PicropharmacoliteCa4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2O
Mg FarringtoniteMg3(PO4)2
Mg DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mg Ringwoodite(Mg,Fe2+)2SiO4
Mg EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
AlAluminium
Al JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
Al Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
Al Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
Al Buddingtonite(NH4)(AlSi3O8)
Al Deerite(Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
Al HowieiteNa(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
Al ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
Al Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Al CorundumAl2O3
Al LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Al Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Al AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Al LawsoniteCaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O
Al MoriniteNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
Al SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Al ZoisiteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
Al DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Al Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Al BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al Beryl var. MorganiteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Al Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Al Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Al MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Al Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Al OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Al Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Al AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Al PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Al Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Al Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Al Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Al Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Al GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Al SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Al Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Al PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Zoisite var. Thulite{Ca2}{Al,Mn33+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Al SpinelMgAl2O4
Al K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
Al Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Al Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Al Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Al ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Al JadeiteNa(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
Al Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Al Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Al Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Al ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Al Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Al Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Al KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Al Clinozoisite{Ca2}{Al3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Al SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Al ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Al Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Al Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Al AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Al AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Al AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Al DiasporeAlO(OH)
Al DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Al GibbsiteAl(OH)3
Al PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Al Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
Al CowlesiteCaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O
Al OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
Al MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Al Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Al Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Al Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Al MillosevichiteAl2(SO4)3
Al Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
Al Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Al VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Al Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Al AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
Al HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Al HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Al CymriteBaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O
Al Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Al Ferro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Al BanalsiteNa2BaAl4Si4O16
Al Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Al BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Al Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Al Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Al HydrotalciteMg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O
Al VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Al Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Al SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Al Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Al EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Al Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al Piemontite{Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Al Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Al HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Al EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Al Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Al SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Al ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Al Allanite-(Ce){CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Al Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Al StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Al CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Al VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Al PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Al Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Al WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Al KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Al Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
Al GyroliteNaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
Al Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Al Spinel var. Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
Al AluminocopiapiteAl2/3Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Al NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Al MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
Al Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Al Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Al Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Al AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
Al NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Al Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Al Clinochlore var. Sheridanite(Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Al VuagnatiteCaAl(SiO4)(OH)
Al TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Al TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Al Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Al Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Al Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Al Dawsonite var. Chromium-bearing DawsoniteNa(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
Al Alumohydrocalcite var. Chromium-bearing AlumohydrocalciteCa(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Al DawsoniteNaAlCO3(OH)2
Al AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Al MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Al Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Al Berthierine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4
Al AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Al StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Al Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
Al SursassiteMn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
Al Andalusite var. ChiastoliteAl2(SiO4)O
Al EdingtoniteBa[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O
Al PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Al Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Al Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
Al ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al TunisiteNaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
Al ErioniteM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Al KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Al Palygorskite(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O
Al Hydrougrandite(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
Al ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
Al ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Al SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Al CelsianBa(Al2Si2O8)
Al MendoziteNaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
Al Erionite-K(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Al ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Al HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
Al Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
Al HiboniteCaAl12O19
Al GahniteZnAl2O4
Al LazuriteNa7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
Al ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Al LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Al SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Al Ferrierite-K(K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Al Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Al Corundum var. RubyAl2O3
Al Corundum var. SapphireAl2O3
Al Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Al Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al BöhmiteAlO(OH)
Al Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Al Dachiardite-Ca(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Al Erionite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Al Clinoptilolite-CaCa3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Al Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Al Ferrierite-Na(Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Al Dachiardite-Na(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Al Ferro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe32+Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Al LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Al Ottrélite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Al Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Al SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Al Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Al Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Al Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Al KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Al Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Al Kaolinite SubgroupAl2Si2O5(OH)4
Al Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Al Clinoptilolite-NaNa6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Al DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Al Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Al EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Al AmiciteK2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
Al RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Si Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
Si BenitoiteBaTi(Si3O9)
Si Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Si JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
Si Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Si Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
Si SilhydriteSi3O6 · H2O
Si FranciscaniteMn62+(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6
Si SantaclaraiteCaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
Si StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Si Buddingtonite(NH4)(AlSi3O8)
Si Deerite(Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
Si HowieiteNa(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
Si ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
Si RosenhahniteHCa3[Si3O9(OH)]
Si Ferro-ferri-obertiiteNaNa2(Fe32+Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2
Si Datolite var. BakeriteCa4(H5B5Si3O20)
Si DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Si RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Si QuartzSiO2
Si LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Si Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Si TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Si ZirconZr(SiO4)
Si Quartz var. ChalcedonySiO2
Si Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Si AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si EulytineBi4(SiO4)3
Si Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Si Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Si LawsoniteCaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O
Si SpodumeneLiAlSi2O6
Si Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Si ZoisiteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
Si Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Si DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Si Beryl var. AquamarineBe3Al2Si6O18
Si BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si Beryl var. MorganiteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Si Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Si Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Si MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Si Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Si OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Si Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si NatroliteNa2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O
Si AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Si BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
Si PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Si Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Si Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Si Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Si InesiteCa2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
Si BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Si BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)
Si Glaucophane◻[Na2][Mg3Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Si Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Si AlleghanyiteMn52+(SiO4)2(OH)2
Si TephroiteMn22+SiO4
Si JohannseniteCaMn2+Si2O6
Si GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Si SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Si Forsterite var. PeridotMg2SiO4
Si ForsteriteMg2SiO4
Si TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2
Si PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Serpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
Si DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Si Zoisite var. Thulite{Ca2}{Al,Mn33+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Si AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si Humite(Mg,Fe2+)7(SiO4)3F2
Si K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
Si CaryopiliteMn32+Si2O5(OH)4
Si Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Si Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Si Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Si AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Si JadeiteNa(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
Si Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Si KenyaiteNa2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O
Si MagadiiteNa2Si14O29 · 11H2O
Si Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Si MountainiteKNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
Si RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Si Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si RevditeNa16Si16O27(OH)26 · 28H2O
Si GageiteMn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20
Si Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Si AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Si Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Si Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Si ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
Si Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Si Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Si KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Si Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Si Clinozoisite{Ca2}{Al3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Si SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
Si ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Si Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Si Stilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
Si Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Si Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Si WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Si HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Si AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Si AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Si DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Si Allanite Group{A12+REE3+}{M13+M23+M32+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Si ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Si Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
Si Opal var. HyaliteSiO2 · nH2O
Si CowlesiteCaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O
Si OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
Si MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Si Quartz var. Rock CrystalSiO2
Si DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Si Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Si Opal var. OpalineSiO2 · nH2O
Si WillemiteZn2SiO4
Si HardystoniteCa2Zn[Si2O7]
Si Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Si Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Si EnstatiteMg2Si2O6
Si UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
Si Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Si Népouite(Ni,Mg)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Si Diopside var. DiallageCaMgSi2O6
Si Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
Si Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe23+[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Si VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Si Opal var. Fire OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si Anthophyllite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si Clinochlore var. PennineMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
Si CristobaliteSiO2
Si HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Si SonoliteMn92+(SiO4)4(OH)2
Si Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Si CymriteBaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O
Si Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Si Ferro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Si Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Si Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si BanalsiteNa2BaAl4Si4O16
Si Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Si NeptuniteNa2KLiFe22+Ti2Si8O24
Si PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Si Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Si Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Si Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Si Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Si VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Si ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Si CuprosklodowskiteCu(UO2)2(SiO3OH]2 · 6H2O
Si Quartz var. Rutilated QuartzSiO2
Si Quartz var. Moss AgateSiO2
Si BloodstoneSiO2
Si Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Si SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Si HowliteCa2B5SiO9(OH)5
Si Spodumene var. KunziteLiAlSi2O6
Si DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
Si HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Si Beryl var. GosheniteBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4
Si Piemontite{Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Si EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Si Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Si SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Si ClinoptiloliteM3-6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Si TridymiteSiO2
Si Wollastonite-1ACaSiO3
Si Allanite-(Ce){CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Si Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Si Apophyllite GroupAB4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O
Si ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2
Si Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Si Cummingtonite◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si SepioliteMg4(Si6O15)(OH)2 · 6H2O
Si StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Si WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Si PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
Si Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Si GyroliteNaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
Si Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Si UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Si CCUK-14Hg-Si-O
Si Quartz var. AmethystSiO2
Si NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Si HisingeriteFe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O
Si Beryl var. EmeraldBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Si Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Si Riebeckite Root Name Group◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Si Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Si Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Si Quartz var. Clear Lake DiamondSiO2
Si Albite var. CleavelanditeNa(AlSi3O8)
Si Clinochlore var. Sheridanite(Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Si TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Si TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Si VuagnatiteCaAl(SiO4)(OH)
Si TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Si Melanophlogite46SiO2 · 6(N2,CO2) · 2(CH4,N2)
Si Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Si Magnesio-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Si CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
Si Aegirine var. Vanadium-bearing AegirineNa(Fe3+,V3+)Si2O6
Si Edgarbaileyite[Hg2]32+[Si2O7]
Si Quartz var. CitrineSiO2
Si Quartz var. MyrickiteSiO2
Si MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Si Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Si Berthierine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4
Si AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4
Si DeweyliteMg4Si3O10 · 6H2O ?
Si StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Si Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
Si SursassiteMn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
Si BertranditeBe4(Si2O7)(OH)2
Si Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
Si Andalusite var. ChiastoliteAl2(SiO4)O
Si TungusiteCa4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
Si Opal var. Lemon OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si Opal var. Precious OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Si Antigorite var. WilliamsiteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Si AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Si EdingtoniteBa[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O
Si PyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
Si Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
Si MogániteSiO2
Si Quartz var. Rose QuartzSiO2
Si ElbaiteNa(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si LechatelieriteSiO2
Si Lizardite var. Nickel-bearing Lizardite(Mg,Ni)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Si ErioniteM2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Si KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Si Palygorskite(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O
Si Hydrougrandite(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
Si CelsianBa(Al2Si2O8)
Si Erionite-K(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Si CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Si Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Si Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Si ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Si HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
Si Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
Si PhenakiteBe2SiO4
Si MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Si LazuriteNa7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
Si ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Si SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
Si Ferrierite-K(K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Si Quartz var. Plume AgateSiO2
Si Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Si Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Si Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8
Si Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si Talc var. SteatiteMg3(Si4O10)(OH)2
Si Quartz var. Fortification AgateSiO2
Si Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Si Dachiardite-Ca(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Si Erionite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Si Clinoptilolite-CaCa3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Si Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Si Ferrierite-Na(Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
Si Dachiardite-Na(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Si ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2
Si Quartz var. Agate-JasperSiO2
Si Quartz var. PraseSiO2
Si FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)
Si ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
Si Quartz var. Iris AgateSiO2
Si Opal var. Prase OpalSiO2 · nH2O
Si Diopside var. ViolanCaMgSi2O6
Si Opal var. Opal-ANSiO2 · nH2O
Si Opal var. Opal-CSiO2 · nH2O
Si Ferro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe32+Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Si LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Si Ottrélite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Si SiliconSi
Si Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Si TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
Si Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Si Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Si Richterite{Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Si SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Si Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Si Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Si Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Si Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Si Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
Si KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Si Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Si IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe22+(Si2O7)O(OH)
Si Greenalite(Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4
Si Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Si Kaolinite SubgroupAl2Si2O5(OH)4
Si BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Si SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
Si UM2008-34-O:BaSiTiBa(Ti,Si)2O5
Si Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Si UM2008-33-O:BaSiTiBa(Si,Ti)3O7
Si Clinoptilolite-NaNa6(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Si Quartz-betaSiO2
Si DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Si Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Si Ringwoodite(Mg,Fe2+)2SiO4
Si EckermanniteNaNa2(Mg4Al}Si8O22(OH)2
Si AmiciteK2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
Si RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
PPhosphorus
P NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
P AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
P FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
P Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
P MoriniteNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
P SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
P FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
P ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
P MonaziteREE(PO4)
P Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
P Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
P VivianiteFe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
P PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
P HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
P LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
P PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
P HerderiteCaBe(PO4)F
P StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
P PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
P HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
P RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
P EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
P FrondeliteMn2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
P MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
P HydroxylherderiteCaBe(PO4)(OH)
P DiadochiteFe23+(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
P KoninckiteFe3+PO4 · 3H2O
P PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
P LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
P MontebrasiteLiAl(PO4)(OH)
P PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
P AmblygoniteLiAl(PO4)F
P WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
P FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
P Fluorapatite var. Strontium-bearing Apatite(Ca,Sr)5(PO4)3F
P LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
P TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
P Barringerite(Fe,Ni)2P
P LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
P Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
P PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
P Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
P Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
P FarringtoniteMg3(PO4)2
SSulfur
S HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2O
S PararealgarAs4S4
S Poitevinite(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O
S BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
S ArcaniteK2SO4
S Ammonioalunite(NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6
S ErlichmaniteOsS2
S HypercinnabarHgS
S MeridianiiteMgSO4 · 11H2O
S Cupropolybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
S MetacinnabarHgS
S Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
S SchuetteiteHg32+(SO4)O2
S BartoniteK6Fe20S26S
S CoyoteiteNaFe3S5 · 2H2O
S ErditeNaFeS2 · 2H2O
S Orickite2CuFeS2 · H2O
S FizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48
S CubaniteCuFe2S3
S BournonitePbCuSbS3
S DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8
S FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3
S GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
S MiargyriteAgSbS2
S PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
S PyrostilpniteAg3SbS3
S SemseyitePb9Sb8S21
S Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
S Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
S Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite(Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
S SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
S StibniteSb2S3
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
S LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
S AlabanditeMnS
S EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2O
S BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
S MirabiliteNa2SO4 · 10H2O
S KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
S BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
S CelestineSrSO4
S BorniteCu5FeS4
S ChalcociteCu2S
S CovelliteCuS
S PyriteFeS2
S PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
S SphaleriteZnS
S TetradymiteBi2Te2S
S ArsenopyriteFeAsS
S CinnabarHgS
S Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
S DigeniteCu9S5
S CarrolliteCuCo2S4
S GalenaPbS
S MolybdeniteMoS2
S BaryteBaSO4
S MarcasiteFeS2
S EnargiteCu3AsS4
S JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
S Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
S CooperitePtS
S Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
S ProustiteAg3AsS3
S XanthoconiteAg3AsS3
S AnglesitePbSO4
S MilleriteNiS
S SiegeniteCoNi2S4
S AnhydriteCaSO4
S AcanthiteAg2S
S StephaniteAg5SbS4
S Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
S LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
S JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
S KermesiteSb2S2O
S ZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
S ArgyroditeAg8GeS6
S CobaltiteCoAsS
S AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
S RealgarAs4S4
S α-Arsenic SulphideAsS
S Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
S BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
S BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
S NatrojarositeNaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
S PlagionitePb5Sb8S17
S ChalcostibiteCuSbS2
S AndoriteAgPbSb3S6
S BerthieriteFeSb2S4
S StanniteCu2FeSnS4
S DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
S HeazlewooditeNi3S2
S Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
S Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
S ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
S ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
S SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
S CesaniteNa3Ca2(SO4)3(OH)
S Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
S HectorfloresiteNa9(SO4)4(IO3)
S MillosevichiteAl2(SO4)3
S UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
S BíliniteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 22H2O
S SulphurS8
S LauriteRuS2
S Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
S Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite(Fe,Ni)7S8
S MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
S AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2O
S CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
S HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
S KröhnkiteNa2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
S RömeriteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O
S Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite(Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O
S PentahydriteMgSO4 · 5H2O
S Mountkeithite[(Mg1-xFex3+)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O
S GersdorffiteNiAsS
S TučekiteNi9Sb2S8
S UllmanniteNiSbS
S Galena var. Silver-bearing GalenaPbS with Ag
S TroiliteFeS
S JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
S GreenockiteCdS
S BismuthiniteBi2S3
S HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
S MorenositeNiSO4 · 7H2O
S Gypsum var. AlabasterCaSO4 · 2H2O
S Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
S Rhomboclase(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O
S CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
S VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
S Chalcopyrite var. Blister CopperCuFeS2
S SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
S KorneliteFe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O
S RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
S SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
S Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
S Boussingaultite(NH4)2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O
S Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2
S Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4
S MetastibniteSb2S3
S PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
S Tschermigite(NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O
S KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
S Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
S DiadochiteFe23+(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
S Metacinnabar var. Selenium-bearing MetacinnabarHg(S,Se)
S DjurleiteCu31S16
S RosickýiteS
S StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2O
S TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
S CobaltpentlanditeCo9S8
S Starkeyite var. Iron-bearing Starkeyite(Mg,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O
S IdaiteCu5FeS6
S AluminocopiapiteAl2/3Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
S AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
S MagnesiocopiapiteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
S AniliteCu7S4
S CCUK-8(Hg, CrO4, S, H2O)?
S BotryogenMgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
S AktashiteCu6Hg3As4S12
S OrpimentAs2S3
S VaesiteNiS2
S Mosesite(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
S Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
S TolovkiteIrSbS
S Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
S CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
S ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
S Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
S Mackinawite(Fe,Ni)9S8
S ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
S PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
S PlatarsitePtAsS
S ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
S CosalitePb2Bi2S5
S AguilariteAg4SeS
S Pyrite var. Gold-bearing PyriteFeS2
S Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
S JoséiteBi4TeS2
S ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
S SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
S FibroferriteFe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
S MendoziteNaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
S FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
S VincienniteCu7+Cu32+Fe22+Fe23+Sn(As,Sb)S16
S MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
S StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
S BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
S QuenstedtiteFe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O
S WitticheniteCu3BiS3
S Bornite var. Silver-bearing Bornite(Cu,Ag)5FeS4
S LazuriteNa7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
S PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
S ThénarditeNa2SO4
S Sphalerite var. Marmatite(Zn,Fe)S
S Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
S HydrotroiliteFeS · H2O ?
S Gypsum var. Satin Spar GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
S Magnesiocopiapite var. KnoxvilliteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
S HohmanniteFe23+(SO4)2O · 8H2O
S TychiteNa6Mg2(CO3)4(SO4)
S GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
S BieberiteCoSO4 · 7H2O
S GoslariteZnSO4 · 7H2O
S LinnaeiteCo2+Co23+S4
S HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
S DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
S RasvumiteKFe2S3
S GreigiteFe2+Fe23+S4
S Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
S Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
S Glaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS
S AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
S Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
S GalenobismutitePbBi2S4
S MatilditeAgBiS2
S Tetrahedrite GroupM2(A6)M1(B4 C2)X3(D4)S1(Y12)S2(Z)
S OwyheeiteAg3Pb10Sb11S28
S SternbergiteAgFe2S3
S MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
S PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
S UM2004-43-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir)2CuS
ClChlorine
Cl KempiteMn22+(OH)3Cl
Cl TeepleiteNa2[B(OH)4]Cl
Cl ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Cl Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Cl HaliteNaCl
Cl ChlorargyriteAgCl
Cl Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Cl VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
Cl Chlorargyrite var. Bromian ChlorargyriteAg(Cl,Br)
Cl PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Cl Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Cl Riebeckite Root Name Group◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Cl Calomel[Hg2]2+Cl2
Cl Eglestonite[Hg2]32+OCl3(OH)
Cl Terlinguaite[Hg3]4+Hg2+Cl2O2
Cl TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Cl TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Cl Mosesite(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
Cl TunisiteNaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
Cl SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Cl Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
Cl Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Cl SalammoniacNH4Cl
Cl NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl
Cl HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Cl DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Cl SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Cl BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
KPotassium
K JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
K Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
K ArcaniteK2SO4
K ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
K BartoniteK6Fe20S26S
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Albite var. Anorthoclase(Na,K)AlSi3O8
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
K MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
K OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
K Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
K PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K K FeldsparKAlSi3O8
K MountainiteKNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
K RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
K Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
K JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
K Muscovite var. IlliteK0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2
K Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
K K Feldspar var. AdulariaKAlSi3O8
K Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
K AluniteKAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
K Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
K OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
K Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
K UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
K Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
K Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
K NeptuniteNa2KLiFe22+Ti2Si8O24
K CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
K Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
K VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
K KaliniteKAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O
K Alum-(K)KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O
K NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
K Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
K Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
K Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
K Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
K CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
K Erionite-K(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
K CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
K Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
K Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
K NiterKNO3
K SanidineK(AlSi3O8)
K Ferrierite-K(K,Na)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
K Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
K Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
K Dachiardite-Ca(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
K Erionite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
K Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
K Ferrierite-Na(Na,K)5(Si31Al5)O72 · 18H2O
K Dachiardite-Na(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
K ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2
K LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
K HanksiteNa22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
K TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2
K DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
K RasvumiteKFe2S3
K Vishnevite(Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3) · 2H2O
K Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
K AmiciteK2Na2Al4Si4O16 · 5H2O
K RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca Ferrierite-Mg[Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72 · 18H2O
Ca YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Ca SantaclaraiteCaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
Ca RosenhahniteHCa3[Si3O9(OH)]
Ca PriceiteCa2B5O7(OH)5 · H2O
Ca Datolite var. BakeriteCa4(H5B5Si3O20)
Ca DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)
Ca RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Ca LaumontiteCaAl2Si4O12 · 4H2O
Ca SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
Ca XonotliteCa6(Si6O17)(OH)2
Ca CalciteCaCO3
Ca Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Ca TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Ca GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
Ca Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Ca Fluorapatite var. Carbonate-rich FluorapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(F,O)
Ca LawsoniteCaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O
Ca MoriniteNaCa2Al2(PO4)2(OH)F4 · 2H2O
Ca ZoisiteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)
Ca Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Ca FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Ca DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Ca AragoniteCaCO3
Ca AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Ca Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Ca Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Ca PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Ca Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Ca Pumpellyite SubgroupCa2XAl2[Si2O6(OH)][SiO4](OH)2A
Ca Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite(Ca,Mn)CO3
Ca InesiteCa2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
Ca BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)
Ca Grossular var. HibschiteCa3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Ca JohannseniteCaMn2+Si2O6
Ca GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Ca DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Ca Zoisite var. Thulite{Ca2}{Al,Mn33+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Ca AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Ca Thomsonite-CaNaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O
Ca FluoriteCaF2
Ca Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Ca PerovskiteCaTiO3
Ca Magnesio-hornblende◻Ca2(Mg4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Ca Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Ca ScheeliteCa(WO4)
Ca Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Ca MountainiteKNa2Ca2[Si8O19(OH)] · 6H2O
Ca RhodesiteKHCa2Si8O19 · 5H2O
Ca Tremolite◻{Ca2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Ca Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Ca Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Ca Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Ca ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Ca Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Ca AnhydriteCaSO4
Ca Clinozoisite{Ca2}{Al3}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Ca PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Ca Calcite var. Cobalt-bearing Calcite(Ca,Co)CO3
Ca WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Ca HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Ca AnorthiteCa(Al2Si2O8)
Ca CowlesiteCaAl2Si3O10 · 6H2O
Ca OffretiteKCaMg(Si13Al5)O36 · 15H2O
Ca Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Ca MesoliteNa2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O
Ca HardystoniteCa2Zn[Si2O7]
Ca Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Ca Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Ca UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
Ca CesaniteNa3Ca2(SO4)3(OH)
Ca Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Ca Diopside var. DiallageCaMgSi2O6
Ca Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
Ca Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe23+[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Ca Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Ca VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Ca KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
Ca Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Ca Ferro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Ca Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Ca Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Ca PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Ca Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Ca HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
Ca BaveniteCa4Be2Al2Si9O26(OH)2
Ca Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Ca Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Ca ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Ca Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ca ColemaniteCa[B3O4(OH)3] · H2O
Ca HowliteCa2B5SiO9(OH)5
Ca UlexiteNaCa[B5O6(OH)6] · 5H2O
Ca ProbertiteNaCa[B5O7(OH)4] · 3H2O
Ca HerderiteCaBe(PO4)F
Ca DanburiteCaB2Si2O8
Ca RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Ca MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Ca HydroxylherderiteCaBe(PO4)(OH)
Ca Piemontite{Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Ca EpistilbiteCaAl2Si6O16 · 5H2O
Ca Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O
Ca SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Ca Wollastonite-1ACaSiO3
Ca Gypsum var. AlabasterCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
Ca Allanite-(Ce){CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Ca Anorthite var. Labradorite(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]
Ca Gypsum var. SeleniteCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca StelleriteCa4(Si28Al8)O72 · 28H2O
Ca InyoiteCa(H4B3O7)(OH) · 4H2O
Ca WairakiteCa(Al2Si4O12) · 2H2O
Ca Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Ca GyroliteNaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8 · 14H2O
Ca Grossular var. HessoniteCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Ca UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
Ca HydroboraciteCaMg[B3O4(OH)3]2 · 3H2O
Ca WhitlockiteCa9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH)
Ca FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Ca Fluorapatite var. Strontium-bearing Apatite(Ca,Sr)5(PO4)3F
Ca VuagnatiteCaAl(SiO4)(OH)
Ca Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Ca Alumohydrocalcite var. Chromium-bearing AlumohydrocalciteCa(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Ca AlumohydrocalciteCaAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Ca MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2
Ca Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
Ca TungusiteCa4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
Ca Calcite var. Limestone OnyxCaCO3
Ca MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Ca Winchite◻{CaNa}{Mg4Al}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Ca PharmacoliteCa(HAsO4) · 2H2O
Ca Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Ca Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Ca TunisiteNaCa2Al4(CO3)4(OH)8Cl
Ca PortlanditeCa(OH)2
Ca Hydrougrandite(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
Ca Erionite-K(K2,Ca,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Ca Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
Ca Fluorapophyllite-(K)KCa4(Si8O20)(F,OH) · 8H2O
Ca ScoleciteCaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O
Ca HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
Ca Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
Ca HiboniteCaAl12O19
Ca MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Ca LazuriteNa7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O
Ca ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Ca Haüyne(Na,K)3(Ca,Na)(Al3Si3O12)(SO4,S,Cl)
Ca Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Ca Dachiardite-Ca(Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Ca Erionite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al4Si14O36] · 15H2O
Ca Clinoptilolite-CaCa3(Si30Al6)O72 · 20H2O
Ca Chabazite-Ca(Ca,K2,Na2)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O
Ca Dachiardite-Na(Na2,Ca,K2)5Al10Si38O96 · 25H2O
Ca Gypsum var. Satin Spar GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca Diopside var. ViolanCaMgSi2O6
Ca GaylussiteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 5H2O
Ca PirssoniteNa2Ca(CO3)2 · 2H2O
Ca GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2
Ca PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
Ca KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
Ca Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Ca Richterite{Na}{NaCa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Ca SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Ca Fluoro-richterite{Na}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2
Ca Gonnardite(Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O
Ca Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Ca KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Ca Hydroxylapatite var. Carbonate-rich HydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4,CO3)3(OH,O)
Ca IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe22+(Si2O7)O(OH)
Ca Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O
Ca PicropharmacoliteCa4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2O
Ca Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Ca Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
TiTitanium
Ti Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
Ti BenitoiteBaTi(Si3O9)
Ti Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Ti JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
Ti Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Ti BarioperovskiteBaTiO3
Ti StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Ti Ferro-ferri-obertiiteNaNa2(Fe32+Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2
Ti RutileTiO2
Ti TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Ti IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Ti Amphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Ti PerovskiteCaTiO3
Ti Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Ti NeptuniteNa2KLiFe22+Ti2Si8O24
Ti BranneriteUTi2O6
Ti Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ti FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
Ti AnataseTiO2
Ti Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Ti TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Ti TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Ti MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Ti AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Ti BrookiteTiO2
Ti PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Ti GeikieliteMgTiO3
Ti KassiteCaTi2O4(OH)2
Ti SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Ti Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Ti KaersutiteNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2
Ti BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Ti UM2008-35-O:BaTiBaTi3O7
Ti UM2008-34-O:BaSiTiBa(Ti,Si)2O5
Ti Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Ti UM2008-33-O:BaSiTiBa(Si,Ti)3O7
VVanadium
V FranciscaniteMn62+(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6
V PucheriteBi(VO4)
V AnsermetiteMn2+(V2O6) · 4H2O
V VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
V CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
V CoulsoniteFe2+V23+O4
V VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
V Aegirine var. Vanadium-bearing AegirineNa(Fe3+,V3+)Si2O6
V ClinobisvaniteBi(VO4)
V NamibiteCu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
V MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
V RoscoeliteK(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CrChromium
Cr Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Cr ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Cr Muscovite var. FuchsiteK(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2
Cr Muscovite var. MaripositeK(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2
Cr MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4
Cr UvaroviteCa3Cr2(SiO4)3
Cr Clinochlore var. Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
Cr Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Cr CrocoitePbCr6+O4
Cr Kaolinite var. Chrome-Kaolinite(Al,Cr)2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Cr CCUK-8(Hg, CrO4, S, H2O)?
Cr Dawsonite var. Chromium-bearing DawsoniteNa(Al,Cr)CO3(OH)2
Cr Alumohydrocalcite var. Chromium-bearing AlumohydrocalciteCa(Al,Cr)2(CO3)2(OH)4 · 4H2O
Cr Wattersite[Hg2]22+Hg2+[CrO4]O2
Cr Diopside var. Chromium-bearing DiopsideCa(Mg,Cr)Si2O6
MnManganese
Mn FranciscaniteMn62+(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6
Mn SantaclaraiteCaMn4[Si5O14OH](OH) · H2O
Mn Deerite(Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
Mn HowieiteNa(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
Mn ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
Mn KempiteMn22+(OH)3Cl
Mn RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
Mn SickleriteLi1-x(Mnx3+Mn2+1-x)PO4
Mn AlabanditeMnS
Mn BementiteMn7Si6O15(OH)8
Mn RhodochrositeMnCO3
Mn Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Mn Calcite var. Manganese-bearing Calcite(Ca,Mn)CO3
Mn CredneriteCuMnO2
Mn InesiteCa2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
Mn HausmanniteMn2+Mn23+O4
Mn BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Mn BustamiteCaMn2+(Si2O6)
Mn JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Mn AlleghanyiteMn52+(SiO4)2(OH)2
Mn TephroiteMn22+SiO4
Mn JohannseniteCaMn2+Si2O6
Mn PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Mn SpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
Mn Zoisite var. Thulite{Ca2}{Al,Mn33+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Mn CaryopiliteMn32+Si2O5(OH)4
Mn DesautelsiteMg6Mn23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Mn HübneriteMnWO4
Mn GageiteMn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20
Mn Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Mn Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Mn HetaeroliteZnMn2O4
Mn Axinite-(Mn)Ca2Mn2+Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Mn Fluorapatite var. Manganese-bearing Fluorapatite(Ca,Mn2+)5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) or Ca5([P,Mn5+]O4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Mn ManganiteMn3+O(OH)
Mn AnsermetiteMn2+(V2O6) · 4H2O
Mn Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Mn KutnohoriteCaMn2+(CO3)2
Mn SonoliteMn92+(SiO4)4(OH)2
Mn Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mn LithiophiliteLiMn2+PO4
Mn PurpuriteMn3+(PO4)
Mn HelvineBe3Mn42+(SiO4)3S
Mn HureauliteMn52+(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O
Mn RobertsiteCa2Mn33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Mn EosphoriteMn2+Al(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O
Mn FrondeliteMn2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
Mn Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Mn Piemontite{Ca2}{Al2Mn3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Mn HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Mn PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Mn LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Mn Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mn Siderite var. Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
Mn CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
Mn Lithiophorite(Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2
Mn PyrochroiteMn(OH)2
Mn Ganophyllite(K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32 · 8H2O
Mn SursassiteMn22+Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
Mn Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Mn Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
Mn Birnessite(Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O
Mn Nsutite(Mn4+,Mn2+)(O,OH)2
Mn Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Mn ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Mn LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Mn Ottrélite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Mn Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Mn Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Mn SeranditeNaMn22+Si3O8(OH)
FeIron
Fe Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
Fe Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Fe Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Fe Poitevinite(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O
Fe YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
Fe StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Fe CoalingiteMg10Fe23+(OH)24[CO3] · 2H2O
Fe Deerite(Fe,Mn)6(Fe,Al)3[Si6O17]O3(OH)5
Fe HowieiteNa(Fe,Mn)10(Fe,Al)2Si12O31(OH)13
Fe ZussmaniteK(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14
Fe TulameenitePt2CuFe
Fe IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Fe Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Fe OregoniteNi2FeAs2
Fe BartoniteK6Fe20S26S
Fe CoyoteiteNaFe3S5 · 2H2O
Fe ErditeNaFeS2 · 2H2O
Fe Orickite2CuFeS2 · H2O
Fe Ferro-ferri-obertiiteNaNa2(Fe32+Fe3+Ti)Si8O22O2
Fe CubaniteCuFe2S3
Fe Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite(Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
Fe ChromiteFe2+Cr23+O4
Fe Epidote{Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Fe Maghemite(Fe3+0.670.33)Fe23+O4
Fe FerrisickleriteLi1-x(Fex3+Fe2+1-x)PO4
Fe Axinite-(Fe)Ca2Fe2+Al2BSi4O15OH
Fe Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Fe Actinolite◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2
Fe AnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Fe BorniteCu5FeS4
Fe HematiteFe2O3
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Fe ArsenopyriteFeAsS
Fe Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Fe Neotocite(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO3 · H2O
Fe InesiteCa2(Mn,Fe)7Si10O28(OH)2 · 5H2O
Fe JacobsiteMn2+Fe23+O4
Fe IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Fe Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Fe Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Fe AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe Humite(Mg,Fe2+)7(SiO4)3F2
Fe SideriteFeCO3
Fe JadeiteNa(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
Fe Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)12Si12(O,OH)44
Fe AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Fe Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Fe MarcasiteFeS2
Fe JarositeKFe3+ 3(SO4)2(OH)6
Fe Muscovite var. PhengiteKAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2
Fe Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8
Fe Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Fe ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
Fe Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Fe SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Fe JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
Fe HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Fe Hematite var. SpeculariteFe2O3
Fe Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Fe Dolomite var. Iron-bearing DolomiteCa(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2
Fe FrohbergiteFeTe2
Fe NatrojarositeNaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
Fe BerthieriteFeSb2S4
Fe TripuhyiteFe3+Sb5+O4
Fe StanniteCu2FeSnS4
Fe DanaliteBe3Fe42+(SiO4)3S
Fe Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Fe Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Fe ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Fe SymplesiteFe32+(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Fe SchwertmanniteFe163+(OH,SO4)12-13O16 · 10-12H2O
Fe AwaruiteNi3Fe
Fe FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Fe Enstatite var. Bronzite(Mg,Fe2+)2[SiO3]2
Fe FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Fe Iron-Platinum alloy(Pt,Fe)
Fe UngemachiteK3Na8Fe(SO4)6(NO3)2 · 6H2O
Fe BíliniteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Fe Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe23+[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)
Fe Taenite(Fe,Ni)
Fe VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
Fe Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite(Fe,Ni)7S8
Fe MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Fe CopiapiteFe2+Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Fe HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Fe RömeriteFe2+Fe23+(SO4)4 · 14H2O
Fe Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite(Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O
Fe Riebeckite◻[Na2][Fe32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH)2
Fe VivianiteFe32+(PO4)2 · 8H2O
Fe Grunerite◻{Fe22+}{Fe52+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Fe Vesuvianite var. Cerian Vesuvianite(Ca,Na,◻)19(Al,Mg,Fe3+)13(◻,B,Al,Fe3+)5(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10(OH,F,O)10
Fe Ferro-hornblende◻Ca2(Fe42+Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2
Fe MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Fe Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Fe Andradite var. TopazoliteCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
Fe NeptuniteNa2KLiFe22+Ti2Si8O24
Fe Andradite var. DemantoidCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Fe Omphacite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(AleFef3+Feg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Fe Ferri-winchite◻(NaCa)(Mg4Fe3+)Si8O22(OH)2
Fe Mountkeithite[(Mg1-xFex3+)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O
Fe Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Fe TroiliteFeS
Fe IronFe
Fe Magnetite var. LodestoneFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O
Fe Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Fe StrengiteFePO4 · 2H2O
Fe PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
Fe FrondeliteMn2+Fe43+(PO4)3(OH)5
Fe MitridatiteCa2Fe33+(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
Fe Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Fe Magnesite var. Iron-bearing Magnesite(Mg,Fe)CO3
Fe Hercynite var. Picotite(Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4
Fe HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Fe SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Fe Allanite-(Ce){CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Fe Hypersthene(Mg,Fe)SiO3
Fe Lepidocrociteγ-Fe3+O(OH)
Fe Rhomboclase(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Fe CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O
Fe VoltaiteK2Fe52+Fe33+Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O
Fe Chalcopyrite var. Blister CopperCuFeS2
Fe SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2O
Fe KorneliteFe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O
Fe RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2O
Fe SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2O
Fe Ammoniojarosite(NH4)Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Fe DiadochiteFe23+(PO4)(SO4)(OH) · 6H2O
Fe KoninckiteFe3+PO4 · 3H2O
Fe TochiliniteFe2+5-6(Mg,Fe2+)5S6(OH)10
Fe Starkeyite var. Iron-bearing Starkeyite(Mg,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O
Fe IdaiteCu5FeS6
Fe FerberiteFeWO4
Fe PseudolaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Fe LaueiteMn2+Fe23+(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Fe Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Fe Spinel var. Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
Fe AluminocopiapiteAl2/3Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Fe NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Fe HisingeriteFe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O
Fe Riebeckite Root Name Group var. Crocidolite◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Fe Riebeckite Root Name Group◻[Na2][Z32+Fe23+]Si8O22(OH,F,Cl)2
Fe Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Fe CoulsoniteFe2+V23+O4
Fe PyroauriteMg6Fe23+(OH)16[CO3] · 4H2O
Fe MagnesiocopiapiteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Fe Clinochlore var. Sheridanite(Mg,Al,Fe)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8
Fe TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Fe TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Fe Stilpnomelane var. FerristilpnomelaneK(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)27
Fe Siderite var. Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
Fe Magnesio-riebeckite◻{Na2}{Mg3Fe23+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Fe Stilpnomelane var. Ekmanite(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
Fe CalderiteMn32+Fe23+(SiO4)3
Fe Aegirine var. Vanadium-bearing AegirineNa(Fe3+,V3+)Si2O6
Fe Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O
Fe Berthierine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4
Fe StauroliteFe22+Al9Si4O23(OH)
Fe BotryogenMgFe3+(SO4)2(OH) · 7H2O
Fe Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8
Fe TungusiteCa4Fe2Si6O15(OH)6
Fe LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2
Fe VonseniteFe22+Fe3+(BO3)O2
Fe MorimotoiteCa3(TiFe2+)(SiO4)3
Fe IddingsiteMgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O
Fe AenigmatiteNa4[Fe102+Ti2]O4[Si12O36]
Fe Glauconite(K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2
Fe Vernadite(Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O
Fe TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Fe Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Fe Mackinawite(Fe,Ni)9S8
Fe ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Fe ChengdeiteIr3Fe
Fe Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Fe WairauiteCoFe
Fe Hydrougrandite(Ca,Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+,Al)2[(OH)4(SiO4)2]
Fe Pyrite var. Gold-bearing PyriteFeS2
Fe FibroferriteFe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O
Fe FerricopiapiteFe3+0.67Fe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Fe VincienniteCu7+Cu32+Fe22+Fe23+Sn(As,Sb)S16
Fe MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
Fe StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Fe CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2
Fe HastingsiteNaCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22OH2
Fe Potassic-chloro-hastingsiteKCa2(Fe42+Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2
Fe Siderite var. Mg-rich Siderite(Fe,Mg)CO3
Fe Barringerite(Fe,Ni)2P
Fe BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Fe QuenstedtiteFe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O
Fe KaňkiteFeAsO4 · 3.5H2O
Fe LöllingiteFeAs2
Fe Bornite var. Silver-bearing Bornite(Cu,Ag)5FeS4
Fe Sphalerite var. Marmatite(Zn,Fe)S
Fe PseudobrookiteFe2TiO5
Fe HydrotroiliteFeS · H2O ?
Fe Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Fe Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Fe FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)
Fe Magnesiocopiapite var. KnoxvilliteMgFe43+(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O
Fe HohmanniteFe23+(SO4)2O · 8H2O
Fe Ferro-glaucophane◻[Na2][Fe32+Al2]Si8O22(OH)2
Fe LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Fe Ottrélite(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Fe TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Fe Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Fe Copper var. Nickel-bearing Copper(Cu,Ni,Fe)
Fe TetrataeniteFeNi
Fe Arfvedsonite[Na][Na2][Fe42+Fe3+]Si8O22(OH)2
Fe DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Fe RasvumiteKFe2S3
Fe SchorlomiteCa3Ti2(SiO4)(Fe3+O4)2
Fe Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Fe GreigiteFe2+Fe23+S4
Fe Magnesio-arfvedsonite{Na}{Na2}{Mg4Fe3+}(Si8O22)(OH)2
Fe IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe22+(Si2O7)O(OH)
Fe Greenalite(Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4
Fe Chloritoid(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)Al2(SiO4)O(OH)2
Fe Glaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS
Fe AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
Fe Safflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2
Fe Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
Fe Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Fe SternbergiteAgFe2S3
Fe PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Fe Ferro-ferri-taramiteNa(CaNa)(Fe32+Fe23+)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2
Fe Ringwoodite(Mg,Fe2+)2SiO4
CoCobalt
Co CarrolliteCuCo2S4
Co SiegeniteCoNi2S4
Co Calcite var. Cobalt-bearing Calcite(Ca,Co)CO3
Co ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Co CobaltiteCoAsS
Co SkutteruditeCoAs3
Co CobaltpentlanditeCo9S8
Co WairauiteCoFe
Co BieberiteCoSO4 · 7H2O
Co LinnaeiteCo2+Co23+S4
Co Glaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS
Co AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
Co Safflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2
Co Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
NiNickel
Ni Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O
Ni OregoniteNi2FeAs2
Ni DieneriteNi3As
Ni NickelNi
Ni MilleriteNiS
Ni SiegeniteCoNi2S4
Ni HeazlewooditeNi3S2
Ni Pentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
Ni Pyrite var. Bravoite(Fe,Ni)S2
Ni ViolariteFe2+Ni23+S4
Ni AwaruiteNi3Fe
Ni Népouite(Ni,Mg)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Ni ZaratiteNi3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ?
Ni Taenite(Fe,Ni)
Ni Pyrrhotite var. Nickel-bearing Pyrrhotite(Fe,Ni)7S8
Ni AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Ni ReevesiteNi6Fe23+(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O
Ni Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Ni GersdorffiteNiAsS
Ni TučekiteNi9Sb2S8
Ni UllmanniteNiSbS
Ni Iron var. Kamacite(Fe,Ni)
Ni MorenositeNiSO4 · 7H2O
Ni PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Ni MaucheriteNi11As8
Ni Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Ni VaesiteNiS2
Ni Lizardite var. Nickel-bearing Lizardite(Mg,Ni)3(Si2O5)(OH)4
Ni MeloniteNiTe2
Ni ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Ni Mackinawite(Fe,Ni)9S8
Ni ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Ni NickelineNiAs
Ni PolydymiteNi2+Ni23+S4
Ni Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Ni Barringerite(Fe,Ni)2P
Ni TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Ni Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Ni OrceliteNi5-xAs2, x ~ 0.25
Ni Copper var. Nickel-bearing Copper(Cu,Ni,Fe)
Ni TetrataeniteFeNi
Ni DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Ni BreithauptiteNiSb
Ni Safflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2
CuCopper
Cu Poitevinite(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O
Cu BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2O
Cu NissoniteCu2Mg2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 5H2O
Cu Mcguinnessite(Mg,Cu)2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu TulameenitePt2CuFe
Cu Cupropolybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Cu Orickite2CuFeS2 · H2O
Cu CubaniteCuFe2S3
Cu BournonitePbCuSbS3
Cu Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cu Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Cu Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite(Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu BorniteCu5FeS4
Cu ChalcociteCu2S
Cu CovelliteCuS
Cu AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cu MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cu CopperCu
Cu CupriteCu2O
Cu Cuprite var. ChalcotrichiteCu2O
Cu CredneriteCuMnO2
Cu Valleriite(Fe2+,Cu)4(Mg,Al)3S4(OH,O)6
Cu DigeniteCu9S5
Cu CarrolliteCuCo2S4
Cu EnargiteCu3AsS4
Cu ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
Cu Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
Cu MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
Cu ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
Cu Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Cu Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cu ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cu Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Cu LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Cu BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2O
Cu BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Cu ChalcostibiteCuSbS2
Cu StanniteCu2FeSnS4
Cu ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2O
Cu TenoriteCuO
Cu KröhnkiteNa2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O
Cu Melanterite var. Copper-bearing Melanterite(Fe,Cu)SO4 · 7H2O
Cu PseudomalachiteCu5(PO4)2(OH)4
Cu Agardite-(Y)YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Cu BayldonitePbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2
Cu CuprosklodowskiteCu(UO2)2(SiO3OH]2 · 6H2O
Cu JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
Cu CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
Cu Chalcopyrite var. Blister CopperCuFeS2
Cu DjurleiteCu31S16
Cu IdaiteCu5FeS6
Cu AntleriteCu3(SO4)(OH)4
Cu AniliteCu7S4
Cu Agardite-(La)LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Cu LibetheniteCu2(PO4)(OH)
Cu TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Cu VolborthiteCu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O
Cu NamibiteCu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
Cu AktashiteCu6Hg3As4S12
Cu Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Cu CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Cu Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Cu ChalcoalumiteCuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O
Cu Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
Cu ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Cu SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Cu VincienniteCu7+Cu32+Fe22+Fe23+Sn(As,Sb)S16
Cu MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
Cu StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Cu WitticheniteCu3BiS3
Cu Bornite var. Silver-bearing Bornite(Cu,Ag)5FeS4
Cu PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Cu MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
Cu Copper var. Nickel-bearing Copper(Cu,Ni,Fe)
Cu DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl
Cu MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Cu UM2004-43-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir)2CuS
ZnZinc
Zn Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Zn Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite(Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
Zn SphaleriteZnS
Zn Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Zn SmithsoniteZnCO3
Zn Wurtzite(Zn,Fe)S
Zn WillemiteZn2SiO4
Zn FrankliniteZn2+Fe23+O4
Zn ZinciteZnO
Zn HetaeroliteZnMn2O4
Zn HardystoniteCa2Zn[Si2O7]
Zn Chessexite(Na,K)4Ca2(Mg,Zn)3Al8(SO4)10(SiO4)2 · 40H2O
Zn Serpentine Subgroup var. MarmoliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Zn Serpentine Subgroup var. Nickel-bearing SerpentineD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D = Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
Zn HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Zn Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
Zn StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Zn GahniteZnAl2O4
Zn Sphalerite var. Marmatite(Zn,Fe)S
Zn LennilenapeiteK6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216 · 16H2O
Zn GoslariteZnSO4 · 7H2O
Zn Serpentine Subgroup var. PicroliteD3[Si2O5](OH)4 D= Mg, Fe, Ni, Mn, Al, Zn
GeGermanium
Ge ArgyroditeAg8GeS6
AsArsenic
As PararealgarAs4S4
As YukoniteCa3Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)3 · 5H2O
As OregoniteNi2FeAs2
As DieneriteNi3As
As ArsenopyriteFeAsS
As SperrylitePtAs2
As EnargiteCu3AsS4
As ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)
As Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
As MertieitePd8Sb2.5As0.5
As IsomertieitePd11Sb2As2
As MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
As ScoroditeFe3+AsO4 · 2H2O
As ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
As ProustiteAg3AsS3
As XanthoconiteAg3AsS3
As ErythriteCo3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
As CobaltiteCoAsS
As RealgarAs4S4
As α-Arsenic SulphideAsS
As ArsenicAs
As SymplesiteFe32+(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
As SkutteruditeCoAs3
As AnnabergiteNi3(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
As Agardite-(Y)YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
As GersdorffiteNiAsS
As BayldonitePbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2
As MaucheriteNi11As8
As Agardite-(La)LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
As AktashiteCu6Hg3As4S12
As OrpimentAs2S3
As PharmacoliteCa(HAsO4) · 2H2O
As Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
As Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
As NickelineNiAs
As PlatarsitePtAsS
As ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
As ArsenoliteAs2O3
As VincienniteCu7+Cu32+Fe22+Fe23+Sn(As,Sb)S16
As BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
As KaňkiteFeAsO4 · 3.5H2O
As LöllingiteFeAs2
As StibarsenAsSb
As ParadocrasiteSb2(Sb,As)2
As OrceliteNi5-xAs2, x ~ 0.25
As Glaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS
As AlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsS
As Safflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2
As Arsenopyrite var. Danaite(Fe0.90Co0.10)AsS - (Fe0.65Co0.35)AsS
As PicropharmacoliteCa4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 11H2O
As ClaudetiteAs2O3
SeSelenium
Se NaumanniteAg2Se
Se KuriliteAg8Te3Se
Se TiemanniteHgSe
Se Metacinnabar var. Selenium-bearing MetacinnabarHg(S,Se)
Se AguilariteAg4SeS
BrBromine
Br BromargyriteAgBr
Br Chlorargyrite var. Bromian ChlorargyriteAg(Cl,Br)
SrStrontium
Sr Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
Sr StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Sr VeatchiteSr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
Sr CelestineSrSO4
Sr Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Sr Veatchite-ASr2B11O16(OH)5 · H2O
Sr StrontianiteSrCO3
Sr FluorstrophiteSrCaSr3(PO4)3F
Sr Fluorapatite var. Strontium-bearing Apatite(Ca,Sr)5(PO4)3F
YYttrium
Y Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Y Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Y Agardite-(Y)YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Y Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Y Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
ZrZirconium
Zr ZirconZr(SiO4)
Zr BaddeleyiteZrO2
NbNiobium
Nb Samarskite-(Y)YFe3+Nb2O8
Nb Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nb Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Nb Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Nb StibiotantaliteSb(Ta,Nb)O4
Nb Columbite-(Fe)Fe2+Nb2O6
Nb BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
MoMolybdenum
Mo MolybdeniteMoS2
Mo PowelliteCa(MoO4)
Mo WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Mo FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Mo MolybditeMoO3
Mo IlsemanniteMo3O8 · nH2O
Mo Mosesite(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
RuRuthenium
Ru Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ru Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Ru Iridium var. Osmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ru Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ru LauriteRuS2
Ru Iridium var. Ruthenosmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ru Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Ru Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
RhRhodium
Rh Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Rh Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Rh UM1979-19-Sb:RhRhSb
Rh Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
PdPalladium
Pd TemagamitePd3HgTe3
Pd MertieitePd8Sb2.5As0.5
Pd IsomertieitePd11Sb2As2
Pd MerenskyitePdTe2
Pd Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Pd Frooditeα-PdBi2
Pd KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Pd Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Pd Palladium(Pd,Pt)
AgSilver
Ag Cupropolybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Ag FizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48
Ag DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8
Ag FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3
Ag MiargyriteAgSbS2
Ag PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
Ag PyrostilpniteAg3SbS3
Ag Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite(Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
Ag SilverAg
Ag Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Ag NaumanniteAg2Se
Ag KuriliteAg8Te3Se
Ag HessiteAg2Te
Ag PetziteAg3AuTe2
Ag Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Ag ProustiteAg3AsS3
Ag XanthoconiteAg3AsS3
Ag AcanthiteAg2S
Ag StephaniteAg5SbS4
Ag Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Ag ChlorargyriteAgCl
Ag ArgyroditeAg8GeS6
Ag DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Ag AndoriteAgPbSb3S6
Ag SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Ag Galena var. Silver-bearing GalenaPbS with Ag
Ag BromargyriteAgBr
Ag Chlorargyrite var. Bromian ChlorargyriteAg(Cl,Br)
Ag Cerussite var. Silver-bearing CerussitePbCO3 with Ag
Ag Silver var. Native Amalgam(Ag,Hg)
Ag ArgentopentlanditeAg(Fe,Ni)8S8
Ag VolynskiteAgBiTe2
Ag AguilariteAg4SeS
Ag Bornite var. Silver-bearing Bornite(Cu,Ag)5FeS4
Ag MatilditeAgBiS2
Ag OwyheeiteAg3Pb10Sb11S28
Ag SternbergiteAgFe2S3
CdCadmium
Cd GreenockiteCdS
SnTin
Sn CassiteriteSnO2
Sn StanniteCu2FeSnS4
Sn Kësterite Cu2ZnSnS4
Sn VincienniteCu7+Cu32+Fe22+Fe23+Sn(As,Sb)S16
Sn MawsoniteCu6Fe2SnS8
Sn StannoiditeCu6+Cu22+(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12
Sn TinSn
SbAntimony
Sb Cupropolybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Sb FizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48
Sb BournonitePbCuSbS3
Sb DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8
Sb FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3
Sb GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
Sb MiargyriteAgSbS2
Sb PyrargyriteAg3SbS3
Sb PyrostilpniteAg3SbS3
Sb SemseyitePb9Sb8S21
Sb Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Sb Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12S
Sb Tetrahedrite Subgroup var. Silver-bearing Tetrahedrite(Cu,Ag)6[Cu4(Fe,Zn)2]Sb4S13
Sb StibniteSb2S3
Sb BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Sb MertieitePd8Sb2.5As0.5
Sb IsomertieitePd11Sb2As2
Sb Polybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Sb StephaniteAg5SbS4
Sb Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4 C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
Sb BindheimitePb2Sb2O6O
Sb JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
Sb KermesiteSb2S2O
Sb ZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
Sb DyscrasiteAg3Sb
Sb PlagionitePb5Sb8S17
Sb ChalcostibiteCuSbS2
Sb AndoriteAgPbSb3S6
Sb BerthieriteFeSb2S4
Sb SenarmontiteSb2O3
Sb StibiconiteSb3+Sb25+O6(OH)
Sb TripuhyiteFe3+Sb5+O4
Sb AntimonySb
Sb Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Sb TučekiteNi9Sb2S8
Sb UllmanniteNiSbS
Sb ValentiniteSb2O3
Sb CervantiteSb3+Sb5+O4
Sb MetastibniteSb2S3
Sb TolovkiteIrSbS
Sb GenkinitePt4Sb3
Sb GeversitePtSb2
Sb UM1979-19-Sb:RhRhSb
Sb VincienniteCu7+Cu32+Fe22+Fe23+Sn(As,Sb)S16
Sb StibarsenAsSb
Sb ParadocrasiteSb2(Sb,As)2
Sb StibiotantaliteSb(Ta,Nb)O4
Sb BreithauptiteNiSb
Sb OwyheeiteAg3Pb10Sb11S28
Sb MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
TeTellurium
Te TellurobismuthiteBi2Te3
Te TetradymiteBi2Te2S
Te TemagamitePd3HgTe3
Te KuriliteAg8Te3Se
Te HessiteAg2Te
Te PetziteAg3AuTe2
Te AltaitePbTe
Te PilseniteBi4Te3
Te CalaveriteAuTe2
Te FrohbergiteFeTe2
Te Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Te SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Te TelluriumTe
Te MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Te MerenskyitePdTe2
Te MeloniteNiTe2
Te HedleyiteBi7Te3
Te KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Te RucklidgeitePbBi2Te4
Te VolynskiteAgBiTe2
Te JoséiteBi4TeS2
IIodine
I HectorfloresiteNa9(SO4)4(IO3)
BaBarium
Ba Bario-orthojoaquinite(Ba,Sr)4Fe2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2 · H2O
Ba BenitoiteBaTi(Si3O9)
Ba Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Ba JonesiteBa4(K,Na)2Ti4Al2(Si3O9)2(SiO4)4O2 · 6H2O
Ba Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Ba BarioperovskiteBaTiO3
Ba StrontiojoaquiniteSr2Ba2(Na,Fe)2Ti2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH)2 · H2O
Ba BaryteBaSO4
Ba Phillipsite Subgroup var. Wellsite(K,Ba,Ca,K2)Al2Si6O16 · 6H2O
Ba WitheriteBaCO3
Ba Todorokite(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O
Ba HarmotomeBa2(Si12Al4)O32 · 12H2O
Ba CymriteBaAl2Si2(O,OH)8 · H2O
Ba BanalsiteNa2BaAl4Si4O16
Ba HollanditeBa(Mn64+Mn23+)O16
Ba FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)O
Ba TitantaramelliteBa4(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Ba TaramelliteBa4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Mg)4(B2Si8O27)O2Clx
Ba EdingtoniteBa[Al2Si3O10] · 4H2O
Ba CelsianBa(Al2Si2O8)
Ba Phillipsite-K(K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O
Ba Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)
Ba BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
Ba UM2008-35-O:BaTiBaTi3O7
Ba UM2008-34-O:BaSiTiBa(Ti,Si)2O5
Ba Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O
Ba UM2008-33-O:BaSiTiBa(Si,Ti)3O7
LaLanthanum
La Agardite-(La)LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
CeCerium
Ce Joaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(OH,F) · H2O
Ce Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)NaBa2Ce2FeTi2[Si4O12]2O2(O,OH) · H2O
Ce Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ce Allanite-(Ce){CaCe}{Al2Fe2+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH)
Ce Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
Ce Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
NdNeodymium
Nd Bastnäsite(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)F
TaTantalum
Ta TantiteTa2O5
Ta Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ta Tantalite(Mn,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O6
Ta Microlite GroupA2-mTa2X6-wZ-n
Ta StibiotantaliteSb(Ta,Nb)O4
WTungsten
W ScheeliteCa(WO4)
W HübneriteMnWO4
W CuprotungstiteCu2(WO4)(OH)2
W FerberiteFeWO4
W TungstiteWO3 · H2O
W BaotiteBa4(Ti,Nb,W)8O16(SiO3)4Cl
OsOsmium
Os Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Os ErlichmaniteOsS2
Os Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
Os Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Os Iridium var. Osmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Os Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Os Iridium var. Ruthenosmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Os UM2004-43-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir)2CuS
IrIridium
Ir Rutheniridosmine(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ir Osmium var. Iridosmine(Os,Ir)
Ir Osmium(Os,Ir,Ru)
Ir Iridium var. Osmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ir Iridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ir Iridium var. Platiniridium(Ir,Pt)
Ir Iridium var. Ruthenosmiridium(Ir,Os,Ru)
Ir Ruthenium(Ru,Ir)
Ir Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Ir TolovkiteIrSbS
Ir Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4
Ir ChengdeiteIr3Fe
Ir UM2004-43-S:CuIrOs(Os,Ir)2CuS
PtPlatinum
Pt TulameenitePt2CuFe
Pt IsoferroplatinumPt3Fe
Pt PlatinumPt
Pt SperrylitePtAs2
Pt CooperitePtS
Pt Iron-Platinum alloy(Pt,Fe)
Pt Iridium var. Platiniridium(Ir,Pt)
Pt TetraferroplatinumPtFe
Pt Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
Pt MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Pt Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
Pt GenkinitePt4Sb3
Pt GeversitePtSb2
Pt Platinum var. Polyxene(Pt,Fe,Cu,Ni,Pd,Rh)
Pt PlatarsitePtAsS
Pt Palladium(Pd,Pt)
AuGold
Au GoldAu
Au Gold var. Electrum(Au,Ag)
Au PetziteAg3AuTe2
Au CalaveriteAuTe2
Au Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Au SylvaniteAgAuTe4
Au MaldoniteAu2Bi
HgMercury
Hg HypercinnabarHgS
Hg MetacinnabarHgS
Hg SchuetteiteHg32+(SO4)O2
Hg CinnabarHgS
Hg TemagamitePd3HgTe3
Hg MercuryHg
Hg TiemanniteHgSe
Hg Metacinnabar var. Selenium-bearing MetacinnabarHg(S,Se)
Hg CCUK-14Hg-Si-O
Hg MontroyditeHgO
Hg Calomel[Hg2]2+Cl2
Hg Eglestonite[Hg2]32+OCl3(OH)
Hg Terlinguaite[Hg3]4+Hg2+Cl2O2
Hg CCUK-8(Hg, CrO4, S, H2O)?
Hg Edgarbaileyite[Hg2]32+[Si2O7]
Hg Silver var. Native Amalgam(Ag,Hg)
Hg AktashiteCu6Hg3As4S12
Hg Wattersite[Hg2]22+Hg2+[CrO4]O2
Hg Mosesite(Hg2N)(Cl,SO4,MoO4) · H2O
PbLead
Pb LithargePbO
Pb FizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48
Pb BournonitePbCuSbS3
Pb DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8
Pb FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3
Pb GeocronitePb14Sb6S23
Pb SemseyitePb9Sb8S21
Pb LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Pb BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Pb GalenaPbS
Pb KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
Pb AnglesitePbSO4
Pb AltaitePbTe
Pb CerussitePbCO3
Pb LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Pb BindheimitePb2Sb2O6O
Pb JamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
Pb ZinkenitePb9Sb22S42
Pb PlagionitePb5Sb8S17
Pb AndoriteAgPbSb3S6
Pb WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Pb VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
Pb Nagyágite[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3
Pb Galena var. Silver-bearing GalenaPbS with Ag
Pb VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
Pb BayldonitePbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2
Pb CrocoitePbCr6+O4
Pb Cerussite var. Silver-bearing CerussitePbCO3 with Ag
Pb PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pb MassicotPbO
Pb ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Pb RucklidgeitePbBi2Te4
Pb CosalitePb2Bi2S5
Pb BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Pb MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)
Pb GalenobismutitePbBi2S4
Pb HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
Pb OwyheeiteAg3Pb10Sb11S28
Pb MeneghinitePb13CuSb7S24
Pb PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Pb MiniumPb3O4
BiBismuth
Bi TellurobismuthiteBi2Te3
Bi EulytineBi4(SiO4)3
Bi PucheriteBi(VO4)
Bi TetradymiteBi2Te2S
Bi BismuthBi
Bi PilseniteBi4Te3
Bi BismuthiniteBi2S3
Bi Bismutite(BiO)2CO3
Bi ClinobisvaniteBi(VO4)
Bi NamibiteCu(BiO)2(VO4)(OH)
Bi MoncheitePt(Te,Bi)2
Bi ParkeriteNi3(Bi,Pb)2S2
Bi Frooditeα-PdBi2
Bi HedleyiteBi7Te3
Bi KotulskitePd(Te,Bi)2-x (x ≈ 0.4)
Bi RucklidgeitePbBi2Te4
Bi CosalitePb2Bi2S5
Bi VolynskiteAgBiTe2
Bi JoséiteBi4TeS2
Bi WitticheniteCu3BiS3
Bi DaubréeiteBiO(OH)
Bi MaldoniteAu2Bi
Bi GalenobismutitePbBi2S4
Bi MatilditeAgBiS2
ThThorium
Th Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Th ThorianiteThO2
Th ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Th Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Th Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4
UUranium
U SchröckingeriteNaCa3(UO2)(CO3)3(SO4)F · 10H2O
U AutuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 10-12H2O
U Thorite var. Thorogummite(Th,U)(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
U UraniniteUO2
U KasolitePb(UO2)(SiO4) · H2O
U MetazeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O
U ZeuneriteCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O
U Uraninite var. PitchblendeUO2
U VandendriesscheitePbU7O22 · 12H2O
U ParauranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
U CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
U CuprosklodowskiteCu(UO2)2(SiO3OH]2 · 6H2O
U JohanniteCu(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
U BranneriteUTi2O6
U Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
U Thorite var. Uranothorite(Th,U)SiO4
U BecquereliteCa(UO2)6O4(OH)6 · 8H2O
U UranophaneCa(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O
U PhurcaliteCa2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O
U Meta-autuniteCa(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 6H2O

Fossils

There are 1118 fossil localities from the PaleoBioDB database within this region.

BETA TEST - These data are provided on an experimental basis and are taken from external databases. Mindat.org has no control currently over the accuracy of these data.

Occurrences11746
Youngest Fossil Listed0.01 Ma (Pleistocene)
Oldest Fossil Listed541 Ma (Cambrian)
Stratigraphic UnitsClick here to view 286 stratigraphic units.
Fossils from RegionClick here to show the list.
Accepted NameHierarchy Age
Radiolaria
phylum
Chromista : Radiozoa28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Acanthosphaera
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Actinommidae : Acanthosphaera150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Angulobracchia
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Angulobracchia174.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeohagiastrum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Archaeohagiastrum171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Bistarkum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Bistarkum170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Bivallupus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Bivallupus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Cenodiscus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Cenodiscus167.7 - 139.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Cenosphaera
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Actinommidae : Cenosphaera145 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Crucella
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Crucella190.8 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Dicroa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Dicroa113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Emiluvia
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Emiluviidae : Emiluvia242 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Gorgansium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Gorgansium167.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Higumastra
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Higumastra166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Homoeoparonaella
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Patulibracchiidae : Homoeoparonaella150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Orbiculiforma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Orbiculiformidae : Orbiculiforma166.1 - 99.6 Ma
Mesozoic
Pantanellium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium190.8 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Praeconocaryomma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Praeconocaryommidae : Praeconocaryomma190.8 - 93.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Protovallupus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Protovallupus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Pseudocrucella
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Pseudocrucella166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pseudoheliodiscus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Saturnalidae : Pseudoheliodiscus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Quinquecapsularia
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Quinquecapsulariidae : Quinquecapsularia113 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Staurolonche
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Stylosphaeridae : Staurolonche190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Tetraditryma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Tetraditryma171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Triactoma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Triactoma190.8 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Trillus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Trillus167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tritrabs
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Tritrabs171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Xiphostylus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Xiphostylus171.6 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Zartus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Zartus190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Acanthocircus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Saturnalidae : Acanthocircus171.6 - 93.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Alievium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pseudoaulophacidae : Alievium99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Archaeodictyomitra
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Archaeodictyomitra166.1 - 93.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Bagotum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Bagotidae : Bagotum189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Bernoullius
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Gomberellidae : Bernoullius171.6 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Canoptum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Canoptum189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Canutus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Bagotidae : Canutus190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Cassideus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Cuniculiformidae : Cassideus113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cornutella
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Theoperidae : Cornutella166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Crolanium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Crolanium113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cyrtocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Cyrtocapsa170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Dictyomitrella
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Dictyomitrella190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Droltus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Bagotidae : Droltus189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eucyrtidiellum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiellidae : Eucyrtidiellum190.8 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Gongylothorax
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Sethocapsidae : Gongylothorax150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Hemicryptocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Hemicryptocapsa150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Hsuum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Hsuum189.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Katroma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Katroma190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lipmanium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Neosciadiocapsidae : Lipmanium113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Microsciadiocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Neosciadiocapsidae : Microsciadiocapsa113 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Mirifusus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Napora
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora190.8 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Obesacapsula
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Spongocapsulidae : Obesacapsula166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parahsuum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Parahsuum190.8 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula150.8 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Perispyridium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Eptingiidae : Perispyridium171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Petasiforma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Neosciadiocapsidae : Petasiforma113 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Podobursa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Podobursa168.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Podocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Podocapsa150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Protunuma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Unumidae : Protunuma170.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pseudodictyomitra
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Pseudodictyomitridae : Pseudodictyomitra113 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Pseudoristola
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Pseudoristola190.8 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Ristola
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Ristola171.6 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Spongocapsula
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Spongocapsulidae : Spongocapsula170.3 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Stichocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Stichocapsa190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Triassocampe
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ruesticyrtiidae : Triassocampe242 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Tricolocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Tricolocapsa170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Turanta
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Tripedurnulidae : Turanta167.7 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Wrangellium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Wrangellium189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Xitus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Xitus150.8 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Zhamoidellum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Zhamoidellum166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Amphistegina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Amphisteginidae : Amphistegina56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Angulogerina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Uvigerinidae : Angulogerina33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Bathysiphon
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Monothalamea : Astrorhizida : Rhabdamminidae : Bathysiphon48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cassidulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cassidulinidae : Cassidulina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Chilostomella
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Chilostomellidae : Chilostomella37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Chusenella
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Schwagerinidae : Chusenella265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Cibicides
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cibicididae : Cibicides56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cyclammina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Cyclamminidae : Cyclammina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Dentalina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Nodosariidae : Dentalina37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Eggerella
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Eggerellidae : Eggerella37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Elphidium
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Elphidiidae : Elphidium56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Gaudryina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Verneuilinidae : Gaudryina33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Globigerina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Globigerinidae : Globigerina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Globigerinelloides
genus
Foraminifera : Globigerinelloididae : Globigerinelloides89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Globocassidulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cassidulinidae : Globocassidulina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Guttulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Polymorphinidae : Guttulina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Haplophragmoides
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Haplophragmoididae : Haplophragmoides37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Involutina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Involutinida : Involutinidae : Involutina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Lenticulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Lenticulina56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Marginotruncana
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Globotruncanidae : Marginotruncana89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Martinottiella
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Eggerellidae : Martinottiella37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Nodogenerina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Stilostomellidae : Siphonodosaria41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Parafusulina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Polydiexodinidae : Parafusulina298.9 - 272.3 Ma
Paleozoic
Plectofrondicularia
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Plectofrondiculariidae : Plectofrondicularia37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pyrgo
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Hauerinidae : Pyrgo37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Quinqueloculina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Hauerinidae : Quinqueloculina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Schwagerina
genus
Animalia : Schwagerina268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Sigmomorphina
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Polymorphinidae : Sigmomorphina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Valvulineria
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cancrisidae : Valvulineria15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Porifera
phylum
Animalia : Porifera221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Stromatoporoidea
class
Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea427.4 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Amphipora
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Amphiporida : Amphiporidae : Amphipora427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Heptastylis
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Spongiomorphida : Spongiomorphidae : Heptastylis237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Spongiomorpha
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Spongiomorphida : Spongiomorphidae : Spongiomorpha237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Stromatomorpha
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Lithistida : Anthaspidellidae : Stromatomorpha221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Chaetetes
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Chaetetidae : Chaetetes541 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Calcarea
class
Animalia : Porifera : Calcarea83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Corymbospongia
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Colospongiidae : Corymbospongia449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Cystothalamiella
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Agelasida : Aphrosalpingidae : Cystothalamiella449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Hexactinellida
class
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida485.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Aphrocallistes
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sceptrulophora : Aphrocallistidae : Aphrocallistes56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Eurete
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sceptrulophora : Euretidae : Eurete41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Farrea
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sceptrulophora : Farreidae : Farrea28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Hexactinella
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sceptrulophora : Tretodictyidae : Hexactinella28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Heterastridium
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Anthoathecata : Heterastridiidae : Heterastridium237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Anthozoa
class
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa541 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Alveolites
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Alveolitidae : Alveolites419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Cladopora
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pachyporidae : Cladopora443.4 - 358.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Coenites
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Coenitidae : Coenites443.4 - 382.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Favosites
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : Favosites427.4 - 358.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Halysites
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : Halysites443.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Heliolites
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Heliolitidae : Heliolites427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Plasmopora
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Plasmoporidae : Plasmopora443.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Striatopora
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pachyporidae : Striatopora443.4 - 358.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Syringopora
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : Syringopora443.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Thamnopora
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pachyporidae : Thamnopora419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Rugosa
subclass
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Rugosa541 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Acervularia
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Acervulariidae : Acervularia393.3 - 382.7 Ma
Devonian
Cyathophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Cyathophyllidae : Cyathophyllum419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Cystiphyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Cystiphyllidae : Cystiphyllum427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Dalmanophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Streptelasmatidae : Dalmanophyllum443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Diphyphyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Lithostrotionidae : Diphyphyllum393.3 - 382.7 Ma
Devonian
Kyphophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Arachnophyllidae : Kyphophyllum427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Lithostrotion
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Lithostrotionidae : Lithostrotion358.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Mucophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Mucophyllidae : Mucophyllum427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Orthophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Orthophyllum427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Palaeophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Streptelasmatidae : Palaeophyllum443.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Siphonodendron
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Lithostrotionidae : Siphonodendron326.4 - 318.1 Ma
Carboniferous
Syringaxon
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Laccophyllidae : Syringaxon427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Waagenophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Waagenophyllidae : Waagenophyllum259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Zaphrenthis
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Zaphrentidae : Zaphrenthis419.2 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Zelophyllum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pycnostylidae : Zelophyllum443.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Scleractinia
order
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Astrangia
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Rhizangiidae : Astrangia5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Astrocoenia
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astrocoeniidae : Astrocoenia221.5 - 163.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Balanophyllia
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Balanophyllia5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Flabellum
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum58.7 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Leptastrea
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Leptastrea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Margarastraea
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Margarastraea221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Palaeastraea
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Palaeastraea221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Thamnasteria
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Thamnasteriidae : Thamnasteria221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Annelida
phylum
Animalia : Annelida11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Rotularia
genus
Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Rotularia56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Serpula
genus
Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Serpula100.5 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Mollusca
phylum
Animalia : Mollusca541 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Ischnochiton
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Ischnochitonidae : Ischnochiton38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Lepidochitona
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Lepidochitonidae : Lepidochitona38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Lepidopleurus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Lepidopleurida : Leptochitonidae : Lepidopleurus38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Leptochiton
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Lepidopleurida : Leptochitonidae : Leptochiton38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Stenoplax
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Ischnochitonidae : Stenoplax38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Conocardium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Rostroconchia : Conocardium427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Scaphopoda
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda152.1 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Antalis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Antalis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cadulus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Gadilida : Gadilidae : Cadulus56 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Dentalium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium100.5 - 23.03 Ma
Phanerozoic
Nowakia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Nowakiidae : Nowakia419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Styliolina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Styliolinidae : Styliolina419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Gastropoda
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda541 - 13.82 Ma
Phanerozoic
Megalomphala
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bucaniidae : Megalomphala460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Patellogastropoda
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda100.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Acmaea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Acmaeidae : Acmaea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lepeta
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetidae : Lepeta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Patella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patellidae : Patella237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Patelloida
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lottiidae : Patelloida56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cyclonema
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Platyceratidae : Cyclonema419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Euomphalopterus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalidae : Euomphalopterus427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Euomphalus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalidae : Euomphalus358.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Holopea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Holopeidae : Holopea460.9 - 423 Ma
Paleozoic
Maclurites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Maclureadae : Maclurites466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Ataphrus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Ataphridae : Ataphrus72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Atira
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Atira83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bathybembix
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Eucyclidae : Bathybembix38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Calliomphalus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Eucyclidae : Calliomphalus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Calliostoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Calliostomatidae : Calliostoma33.9 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Homalopoma (Cantrainea)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Homalopoma : Homalopoma (Cantrainea)41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Cidarina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Eucyclidae : Cidarina41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Diodora
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : Diodora56 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Perotrochus (Entemnotrochus)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pleurotomariidae : Perotrochus : Perotrochus (Entemnotrochus)56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Eotomaria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Eotomariidae : Eotomaria460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Eunema
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Eunema427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Fissurella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : Fissurella152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Haliotis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Haliotidae : Haliotis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Homalopoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Colloniidae : Homalopoma56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Lirularia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : Lirularia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Margarella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Calliostomatidae : Margarella93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Margarites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Margaritidae : Margarites100.5 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Microdoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Microdomatidae : Microdoma252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Murchisonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Murchisoniidae : Murchisonia427.4 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Naticopsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cycloneritida : Naticopsidae : Naticopsis358.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Nerita
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cycloneritida : Neritidae : Nerita237 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Peruniscus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Peruniscus460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Phanerolepida
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Colloniidae : Phanerolepida130 - 125.45 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Platyceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Platyceratidae : Platyceras427.4 - 228 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pleurotomaria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Microdomatidae : Pleurotomaria358.9 - 47.8 Ma
Phanerozoic
Prosolarium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Luciellidae : Prosolarium427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Puncturella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : Puncturella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Margarites (Pupillaria)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Margarites : Margarites (Pupillaria)0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Raphispira
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Holopeidae : Raphispira460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Solariella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Solariellidae : Solariella13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Tricolia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Phasianellidae : Tricolia5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Turbo
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae : Turbo221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Turcica
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Eucyclidae : Turcica23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Alvania
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Rissoidae : Alvania0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Amaurellina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Amaurellina59.2 - 37.2 Ma
Paleogene
Amauropsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Amauropsis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Ampullina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Ampullina83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anchura
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Anchura100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aporrhais
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Aporrhais83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argobuccinum
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cymatiidae : Argobuccinum38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Balcis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eulimidae : Balcis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Belliscala
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Belliscala72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bittiscala
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Potamididae : Bittiscala83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bittium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Bittium56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Epitonium (Boreoscala)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Epitonium : Epitonium (Boreoscala)48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Calyptraea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea33.9 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Capulus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cycloneritida : Delphinulopsidae : Capulus237 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Cerithidea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Potamididae : Cerithidea86.3 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cerithiopsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cerithiopsidae : Cerithiopsis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cerithium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cerithiidae : Cerithium221.5 - 83.6 Ma
Mesozoic
Charonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Charoniidae : Charonia56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Coalingodea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Coalingodea48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Colubraria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Colubrariidae : Colubraria56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Confusiscala
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Confusiscala83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Crepidula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula48.6 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Crommium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Crommium48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Crucibulum
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crucibulum7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cymatium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cymatiidae : Cymatium48.6 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Cypraea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cypraeidae : Cypraea47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cernina (Eocernina)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Cernina : Cernina (Eocernina)48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Epitonium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Epitonium48.6 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Euspira
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Euspira83.5 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Euspirocrommium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Euspirocrommium48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Ficopsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ficidae : Ficopsis61.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ficus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ficidae : Ficus56 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Galeodea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Galeodea56 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Gyrineum
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ranellidae : Gyrineum48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Gyrodes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Gyrodes83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Haplocochlias
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Skeneidae : Haplocochlias41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Hipponix
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Hipponicidae : Hipponix83.5 - 38 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lacuna
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinidae : Lacuna5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Lispodesthes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Lispodesthes83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Littorina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Littorinidae : Littorina5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Loxonema
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Loxonematidae : Loxonema427.4 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lunatia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Euspira66 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lysis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Capulidae : Lysis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Modulus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Modulidae : Modulus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Monoplex
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cymatiidae : Monoplex56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Natica
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica237 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Neverita
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Neverita48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Olequahia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Bursidae : Olequahia56 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Opalia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Opalia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Paladmete
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Paladmete93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Perissitys
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turbinellidae : Perissitys86.3 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Perissolax
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ficidae : Perissolax66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Polinices
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Polinices89.8 - 0.0117 Ma
Phanerozoic
Potamides
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Potamididae : Potamides132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Priscoficus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ficidae : Priscoficus72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudocymia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Perissityidae : Pseudocymia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudomelania
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Pseudomelania221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Pugnellus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Pugnellus72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Purpurina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Purpurinidae : Purpurina221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Pyktes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Pyktes72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Rimella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Rostellariidae : Rimella59.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Scalina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Scalina48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Sinum
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Sinum56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Stylonema
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Loxonematidae : Stylonema427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Terebralia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Potamididae : Terebralia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tessarolax
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Tessarolax100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tibiaporrhais
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Tibiaporrhais83.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Torcula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Torcula23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trichotropis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Capulidae : Trichotropis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Turritella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella237 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Vermicularia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Vermicularia5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Zygopleura
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Zygopleuridae : Zygopleura221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Acamptogenotia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Acamptogenotia38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Admete
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Admete5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Aforia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cochlespiridae : Aforia28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Agasoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Agasoma33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Nassarius (Alectrion)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : Nassarius (Alectrion)5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphissa
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : Amphissa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Amuletum
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Amuletum93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ancilla
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Ancillariidae : Ancilla59.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Austrotrophon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Austrotrophon23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Bonellitia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Bonellitia56 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Bruclarkia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Bruclarkia38 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Calicantharus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pisaniidae : Pusio23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Calorebama
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Calorebama56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Cancellaria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria100.5 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cantharus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pisaniidae : Cantharus48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Ceratostoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Ceratostoma23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Christitys
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Perissityidae : Christitys89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Clavus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Drilliidae : Clavus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clivuloturris
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clivuloturris38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Colus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Colus47.8 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Colwellia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Colwellia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Comitas
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelatomidae : Comitas38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Conomitra
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutomitridae : Conomitra38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Conus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus59.2 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Crassispira
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelatomidae : Crassispira23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Drillia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Drilliidae : Drillia56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Drilluta
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pholidotomidae : Drilluta100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eopleurotoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Eopleurotoma38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Exilia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Ptychatractidae : Exilia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Falsifusus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turbinellidae : Falsifusus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Forreria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Forreria5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Fulgurofusus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbariidae : Fulgurofusus38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Fusimitra
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mitridae : Fusimitra48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Fusinus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Fusinus33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Rostellaria (Fusus)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Tibia : Rostellaria (Fusus)66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Granula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cystiscidae : Granula38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Harpa
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Harpidae : Harpa56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Jaton
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Jaton23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lyrosurcula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Lyrosurcula48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Marginella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Marginellidae : Marginella5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Megasurcula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelatomidae : Megasurcula3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mitra
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mitridae : Mitra47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Mitrella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Mitrella23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Mitromorpha
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mitromorphidae : Mitromorpha56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Molopophorus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Molopophorus56 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Murex
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Murex56 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Muricopsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Muricopsis56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Murphitys
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Perissityidae : Murphitys83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nassa
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Nassa11.608 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Nassarius
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Nekewis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Nekewis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Neptunea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Neptunea66 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Nucella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Nucella13.82 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ocenebra
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Ocenebra23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Oenopota
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mangeliidae : Oenopota0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Oliva
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Oliva28.1 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Olivella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ophiodermella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Borsoniidae : Ophiodermella3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Perse
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Perse59.2 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Piestochilus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Piestochilus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Priscofusus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Priscofusus28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Procerapex
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Procerapex38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Protosurcula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Protosurcula48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Pseudoliva
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Pseudoliva59.2 - 41.3 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudoperissolax
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Pseudoperissolax59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Ptychosyrinx
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Ptychosyrinx38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Purpura
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Purpura5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pyropsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Pyropsis93.9 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Searlesia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Searlesia28.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Siphonalia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Siphonalia66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Strepsidura
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Strepsidura33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Streptochetus (Streptolathyrus)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Streptochetus : Streptochetus (Streptolathyrus)59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Surculites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Surculites56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Sveltella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Sveltella38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Taranis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Taranis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Terebra
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Terebra56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Thais
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Thais5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Purpura (Tritonalia)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Purpura : Purpura (Tritonalia)11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Trophon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Trophon5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Trophonopsis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Trophonopsis38 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Turricula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Turricula61.6 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Turrinosyrinx
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Turrinosyrinx38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Vasum
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turbinellidae : Vasum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Voluta
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Voluta23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Athleta (Volutocorbis)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Athleta : Athleta (Volutocorbis)56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Volutoderma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pholidotomidae : Volutoderma100.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Atys
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Haminoeidae : Atys5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Biplica
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : Biplica100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bulla
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Bullidae : Bulla56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cylichna
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Cylichna89.8 - 5.333 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cylichnella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Cylichnella2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Retusa (Cylichnina)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Retusidae : Retusa : Retusa (Cylichnina)100.5 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Ellipsoscapha
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Scaphandridae : Ellipsoscapha83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kleinacteon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Kleinacteon56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Megistostoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Philinidae : Megistostoma48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Scaphander
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Scaphander38 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Tornatellaea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Acteonidae : Tornatellaea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Architectonica
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectonicidae : Architectonica83.5 - 37.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Odostomia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Odostomia3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pyramidella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : Pyramidella56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Turbonilla
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae : Turbonilla5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Anisomyon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siphonariida : Siphonariidae : Anisomyon89.8 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Siphonaria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siphonariida : Siphonariidae : Siphonaria38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Paronaella
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Paronaella190.8 - 139.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Cephalopoda
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Orthoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Orthoceratidae : Orthoceras419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Aturia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Aturiidae : Aturia56 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cosmonautilus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Clydonautilidae : Cosmonautilus252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Eutrephoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Eutrephoceras56 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Adrianites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Adrianitidae : Adrianites268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Waagenoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Cyclolobidae : Waagenoceras268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Arcestes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arcestidae : Arcestes237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Choristoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Choristoceratidae : Choristoceras208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Cycloceltites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Cycloceltitidae : Cycloceltites228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Gonionotites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juvavitidae : Gonionotites228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Halorites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Haloritidae : Halorites228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Himavatites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Tibetitidae : Himavatites228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Joannites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Joannitidae : Joannites242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Malayites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juvavitidae : Malayites228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Meginoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Trachyceratidae : Meginoceras242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Nathorstites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Nathorstitidae : Nathorstites242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Placites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Gymnitidae : Placites228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Trachyceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Trachyceratidae : Trachyceras221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Phylloceratitida
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratitida189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Holcophylloceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Holcophylloceras201.3 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Juraphyllites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juraphyllitidae : Juraphyllites201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Phylloceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Phyllopachyceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Phyllopachyceras132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ammonoidea
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea541 - 163.5 Ma
Phanerozoic
Alsatites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Alsatites201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Amaltheus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Amaltheidae : Amaltheus189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Anagaudryceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Gaudryceratidae : Anagaudryceras70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Angulaticeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Schlotheimiidae : Angulaticeras201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Arieticeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Arieticeras189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Arnioceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Arnioceras208.5 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Asteroceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Asteroceratidae : Asteroceras208.5 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Axonoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Nostoceratidae : Axonoceras72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Baculites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Baculitidae : Baculites100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Beudanticeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Beudanticeras93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bostrychoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Nostoceratidae : Bostrychoceras72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Brancoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Brancoceratidae : Brancoceras105.3 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Cadoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Cardioceratidae : Cadoceras164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Calycoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Acanthoceratidae : Calycoceras100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Canadoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Canadoceras86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cardioceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Cardioceratidae : Cardioceras161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Coroniceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Coroniceras201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Dactylioceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Dactylioceratidae : Dactylioceras183 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Damesites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Damesites89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Desmophyllites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Desmophyllites89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Didymoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Nostoceratidae : Didymoceras83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Diplomoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Diplomoceratidae : Diplomoceras86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Discoscaphites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Scaphitidae : Discoscaphites86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dumortieria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Dumortieria180.1 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Epophioceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Asteroceratidae : Epophioceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Sonninia (Euhoploceras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Sonniniidae : Sonninia : Sonninia (Euhoploceras)171.6 - 168.4 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Euomphaloceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Acanthoceratidae : Euomphaloceras93.5 - 89.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eupachydiscus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Eupachydiscus86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Exiteloceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Oegopsida : Chiroteuthidae : Exiteloceras70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Fanninoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Eoderoceratidae : Fanninoceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Fontanelliceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Fontanelliceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Fuciniceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Fuciniceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Gaudryceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras86.3 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gemmellaroceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Polymorphitidae : Gemmellaroceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Glyptoxoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Diplomoceratidae : Glyptoxoceras72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Harpoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Harpoceras189.6 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Hauericeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Hauericeras86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hildaites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Hildaites183 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Hyphantoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Nostoceratidae : Hyphantoceras100.5 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kossmaticeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Kossmaticeratidae : Kossmaticeras89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Leptaleoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Leptaleoceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Lyelliceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lyelliceratidae : Lyelliceras112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Lytoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : Lytoceras183 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Macrocephalites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Macrocephalitidae : Macrocephalites166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Mammites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Acanthoceratidae : Mammites100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Menuites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Menuites83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Metaderoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Eoderoceratidae : Metaderoceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Metaplacenticeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Placenticeratidae : Metaplacenticeras89.8 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mortoniceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Brancoceratidae : Mortoniceras113 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Nostoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Nostoceratidae : Nostoceras70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aegoceras (Oistoceras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Liparoceratidae : Aegoceras : Aegoceras (Oistoceras)201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Oxybeloceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Diplomoceratidae : Oxybeloceras89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Oxytropidoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Brancoceratidae : Oxytropidoceras112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pachydiscus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus86.3 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Paltechioceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Echioceratidae : Paltechioceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Parapuzosia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Parapuzosia100.5 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Peroniceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Peroniceras89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Peronoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Dactylioceratidae : Peronoceras183 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Phymatoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phymatoceratidae : Phymatoceras183 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Prodactylioceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Dactylioceratidae : Prodactylioceras189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Protogrammoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Protogrammoceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudaetomoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Pseudaetomoceras201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pseudolioceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Pseudolioceras183 - 168.4 Ma
Jurassic
Pseudophyllites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Tetragonitidae : Pseudophyllites83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Puzosia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Puzosia100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Reynesoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Dactylioceratidae : Reynesoceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Scalarites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Diplomoceratidae : Scalarites100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Scaphites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Scaphitidae : Scaphites86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Simbirskites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Polyptychitidae : Simbirskites132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Solenoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Diplomoceratidae : Solenoceras72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sonninia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sonniniidae : Sonninia171.6 - 168.4 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hecticoceras (Sublunuloceras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Oppeliidae : Hecticoceras : Hecticoceras (Sublunuloceras)166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Submortoniceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Submortoniceras86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Subprionocyclus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Subprionocyclus93.9 - 89.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Teloceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Stephanoceratidae : Teloceras170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tiltoniceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Tiltoniceras189.6 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Tragodesmoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Muniericeratidae : Tragodesmoceras100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Vermiceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Vermiceras201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Waehneroceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Schlotheimiidae : Waehneroceras201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Belemnitida
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida541 - 132.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Acroteuthis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnitidae : Acroteuthis132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Belemnites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnites541 - 66 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cylindroteuthis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnitida : Belemnitidae : Cylindroteuthis152.1 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Aulacocerida
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Aulacocerida199.3 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Bivalvia
class
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia541 - 11.62 Ma
Phanerozoic
Acila
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila66 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Calorhadia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Calorhadia59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Nucula (Leionucula)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula (Leionucula)130 - 125.45 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Nucula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nucula237 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Nuculana
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana237 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Nuculites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : Nuculites427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Palaeoneilo
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Malletiidae : Palaeoneilo189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Portlandia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Portlandia28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Ryderia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Ryderia189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Saccella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Acila (Truncacila)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila)113 - 11.62 Ma
Phanerozoic
Yoldia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia100.5 - 5.333 Ma
Phanerozoic
Acharax
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : Acharax130 - 125.45 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Nucinella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Nucinellidae : Nucinella130 - 125.45 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Solemya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : Solemya237 - 47.8 Ma
Phanerozoic
Hercynella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Antipleuridae : Hercynella427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Anadara
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara28.1 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Arca
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca56 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Barbatia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia83.5 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cucullaea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Cucullaeidae : Cucullaea83.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Anadara (Cunearca)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara (Cunearca)15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Glycymeris
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris93.9 - 5.333 Ma
Phanerozoic
Glycymeris (Glycymerita)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Glycymerita)83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Grammatodon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Grammatodon (Indogrammatodon)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon : Grammatodon (Indogrammatodon)100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anadara (Larkinia)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara (Larkinia)23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Nanonavis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Nanonavis132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parallelodon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Parallelodon221.5 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Porterius
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Porterius56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Scapharca
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Scapharca23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trigonarca
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Trigonarca93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trigonodesma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Noetiidae : Trigonodesma56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Atrina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Atrina23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Brachidontes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Brachidontes59.2 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Lithophaga
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Lithophaga72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Musculus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Musculus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mytilus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus83.5 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pinna
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna228 - 28.4 Ma
Phanerozoic
Mytilus (Septifer)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus (Septifer)72.1 - 11.608 Ma
Phanerozoic
Acesta
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Acesta83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aequipecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Aequipecten11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Amphidonte
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Amphidonte72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Amusium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Amusium201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Anomia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Anomia100.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Argopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Argopecten5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Aucellina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Aucellina100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aviculopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Myalinidae : Aviculopecten358.9 - 174.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Buchia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Buchia163.5 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Camptonectes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes201.3 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Cassianella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Cassianellidae : Cassianella228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Chlamys
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys185.7 - 5.333 Ma
Phanerozoic
Inoceramus (Cordiceramus)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Cordiceramus)100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Camptonectes (Costicamptonectes)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes (Costicamptonectes)171.6 - 168.4 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Crenipecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Aviculopectinidae : Crenipecten237 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Cyclopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Cyclopecten48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Daonella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Daonellidae : Daonella242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Delectopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Delectopecten48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Inoceramus (Endocostea)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Endocostea)83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Entolium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entoliidae : Entolium208.5 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Eopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten182 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Exogyra
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Exogyra93.9 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gervillia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Gervillia237 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Gryphaea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Gryphaea237 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Halobia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Hinnites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Hinnites5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Inoceramus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus132.9 - 66 Ma
Cretaceous
Isognomon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Isognomon93.9 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Leptodesma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pterineidae : Leptodesma419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Leptopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Leptopecten15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Lima
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima237 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lopha
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Lopha228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Lyriochlamys
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Lyriochlamys72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lyropecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Lyropecten23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Macrochlamis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Macrochlamis28.1 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Mclearnia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mclearnia145 - 140.2 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Meleagrinella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Oxytomidae : Meleagrinella201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Monotis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Myalinidae : Monotis237 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Mytiloides
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Mytiloides100.5 - 89.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nayadina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Nayadina56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Ostrea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostraea237 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Oxytoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Oxytomidae : Oxytoma189.6 - 93.9 Ma
Mesozoic
Parvamussium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Parvamussium228 - 38 Ma
Phanerozoic
Patinopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Patinopecten23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten252.17 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Phelopteria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Phelopteria100.5 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plagiostoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Plagiostoma201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Plicatula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Plicatulidae : Plicatula228 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Posidonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Posidonia237 - 168.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Propeamussium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Propeamussium83.6 - 37.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pseudolimea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Pseudolimea196.5 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pseudomonotis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pseudomonotidae : Pseudomonotis298.9 - 174.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pseudoperna
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Pseudoperna93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudoptera
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Pseudoptera93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pteria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Pteria358.9 - 11.608 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pterinopecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pterinopectinidae : Pterinopecten419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Spondylus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Spondylidae : Spondylus201.3 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Striostrea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Striostrea48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Syncyclonema
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entoliidae : Pectinella93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tosapecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Tosapecten201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Weyla
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Neitheidae : Weyla201.3 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Trigonodus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigonodidae : Trigonodus237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Frenguelliella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Frenguelliella199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Minetrigonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Minetrigonia228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Myophorella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophorellidae : Myophorella180.1 - 168.4 Ma
Jurassic
Myophoria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophoriidae : Myophoria221.5 - 183 Ma
Mesozoic
Pterotrigonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Pterotrigoniidae : Pterotrigonia145 - 66 Ma
Cretaceous
Schizodus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Schizodidae : Schizodus237 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Trigonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia221.5 - 89.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Vaugonia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophorellidae : Vaugonia189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Yaadia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Steinmanellidae : Yaadia100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Acanthocardia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Acanthocardia56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Amiantis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Amiantis56 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Anthonya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Anthonya100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Antigona
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Antigona33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Aphrodina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Cycloconchidae : Aphrodina86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Arctica
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Arctica201.3 - 86.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Astarte
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Astarte221.5 - 89.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Callista
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Callista48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Callistalox
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Callistalox72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pitar (Calpitaria)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitar : Pitar (Calpitaria)48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Calva
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Calva100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Vesicomya (Calyptogena)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Vesicomyidae : Vesicomya : Vesicomya (Calyptogena)37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cardinia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Cardiniidae : Cardinia201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Cardita
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cardita56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cardium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardium41.3 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Chama
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Chamidae : Chama41.3 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Chione
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Chione100.5 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Claibornites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Claibornites59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Clisocolus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Clisocolus83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Compsomyax
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Compsomyax23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Corbicula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula83.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Crassatella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella100.5 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Ctenocardia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Ctenocardia5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cyclinella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Cyclinella5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cyclocardia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cymbophora
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Cymbophora100.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cyprimeria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Cycloconchidae : Cyprimeria72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Diplodonta
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta83.5 - 47.8 Ma
Phanerozoic
Dosinia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosinia56 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Clementia (Egesta)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Clementia : Clementia (Egesta)15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Eomeretrix
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Eomeretrix56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Gibbolucina (Eomiltha)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Gibbolucina : Gibbolucina (Eomiltha)48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Eriphyla
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Eriphyla100.5 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Etea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Arcticidae : Etea83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eurytellina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Eurytellina28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Fimbria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Fimbria38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Gari
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Gari48.6 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Glossus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Glossidae : Glossus93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Glyptoactis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Glyptoactis59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Gari (Gobraeus)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Gari : Gari (Gobraeus)56 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Here
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Here56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Katherinella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Katherinella3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kellia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Galeommatida : Lasaeidae : Kellia28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Legumen
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Legumen100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Leptosolen
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionida : Iridinidae : Leptosolen83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Loxo
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Loxo83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lucina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina72.1 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lucinisca
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinisca23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lucinoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Macoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma48.6 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Macrocallista
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Macrocallista59.2 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Meekia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Megacardita
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Megacardita56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Meretrix
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Meretrix66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Callista (Microcallista)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Callista : Callista (Microcallista)56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Myadesma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Myadesma33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Myoconcha
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Kalenteridae : Myoconcha237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Nemocardium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Nitidavenus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Nitidavenus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Opis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Protocardia (Pachycardium)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia : Protocardia (Pachycardium)93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tivela (Pachydesma)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Tivela : Tivela (Pachydesma)56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Palaeomoera
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Palaeomoera83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Paracyclas
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Cycloconchidae : Paracyclas237 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Pelecyora
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Pelecyora47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Pharella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Pharella72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pitar
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Pitar66 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Pliocardia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Vesicomyidae : Pliocardia28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Polymesoda
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Polymesoda59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Spisula (Pseudocardium)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Spisula (Pseudocardium)56 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Saxidomus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Saxidomus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Securella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Securella23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Senis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Senis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Septocardia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Septocardia228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Siliqua
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Pharidae : Siliqua23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Solen
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Solenidae : Solen83.5 - 11.608 Ma
Phanerozoic
Spisula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Spisula56 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Tapes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Tapes66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Tellina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina100.5 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Thyasira
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Thyasira100.5 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Tivela
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Tivela33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Trachycardium
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Trachycardium23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Trigonocallista
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Trigonocallista93.9 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Venericardia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Venericardia (Venericor)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia (Venericor)48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Venus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Venus66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Mya (Arenomya)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Arenomya)15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Barnea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Barnea5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Corbula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae : Corbula83.5 - 15.97 Ma
Phanerozoic
Hiatella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lyonsiidae : Hiatella5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Jouannetia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Jouannetia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Martesia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Martesia100.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Mya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Myidae : Mya23.03 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Panomya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Hiatellidae : Panomya5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Parapholas
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Parapholas5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Teredo
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Teredinidae : Teredo61.6 - 37.2 Ma
Paleogene
Zirfaea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Zirfaea23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Barrettia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Hippuritidae : Barrettia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Durania
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Radiolitidae : Durania100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Periploma (Aelga)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma (Aelga)20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cardiomya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cuspidariidae : Cardiomya56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Ceratomya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Ceratomyidae : Ceratomya175.6 - 168.4 Ma
Jurassic
Goniomya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Goniomya228 - 183 Ma
Mesozoic
Gresslya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Ceratomyidae : Gresslya201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Homomya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Homomya196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pandora
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pandoridae : Pandora47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Periploma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Periplomatidae : Periploma72.1 - 11.62 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pholadomya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya189.6 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pleuromya
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pleuromyidae : Pleuromya201.3 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Thracia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciidae : Thracia48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Trilobita
class
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Bumastus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Corynexochida : Illaenidae : Bumastus427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Proetus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Proetida : Proetidae : Proetus427.4 - 358.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Calymene
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calymenidae : Calymene427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Encrinurus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Encrinuridae : Encrinurus427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Pseudocheirurus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Cheiruridae : Pseudocheirurus427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Cirripedia
subclass
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Cirripedia2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aporolepas
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Pedunculata : Scalpellidae : Aporolepas56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Arossia
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Arossia5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Balanus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Balanus33.9 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Chirona
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Archaeobalanidae : Chirona2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Rogerella
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Loftusiida : Orbitolinidae : Rogerella83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tamiosoma
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Tamiosoma23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Callianassa
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Callianassidae : Callianassa83.5 - 23.03 Ma
Phanerozoic
Ctenocheles
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Ctenochelidae : Ctenocheles66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Paguristes
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Diogenidae : Paguristes66 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Raninoides
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae : Raninoides66 - 61.6 Ma
Paleocene
Bryozoa
phylum
Animalia : Bryozoa541 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cyclostomata
order
Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Cyclostomata83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Batostomella
genus
Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Trepostomatida : Batostomellidae : Batostomella358.9 - 298.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Stenopora
genus
Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Trepostomatida : Stenoporidae : Stenopora358.9 - 298.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Cheilostomata
order
Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomata83.5 - 15.97 Ma
Phanerozoic
Brachiopoda
phylum
Animalia : Brachiopoda460.9 - 23.03 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lingula
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Lingulidae : Lingula427.4 - 163.5 Ma
Phanerozoic
Craniscus
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Craniata : Craniida : Craniidae : Craniscus56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Discinisca
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Discinidae : Discinisca47.8 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Orbiculoidea
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Discinidae : Orbiculoidea201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Austinella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Plaesiomyidae : Austinella449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Dalmanella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Dalmanellidae : Dalmanella427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Dicoelosia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Dicoelosiidae : Dicoelosia449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Dolerorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Hesperorthidae : Dolerorthis427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Elasmothyris
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Linoporellidae : Elasmothyris449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Epitomyonia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Dicoelosiidae : Epitomyonia449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Eridorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Glyptorthidae : Eridorthis470 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Glyptorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Glyptorthidae : Glyptorthis470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Hesperorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Hesperorthidae : Hesperorthis470 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Isorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Dalmanellidae : Isorthis427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Laticrura
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Linoporellidae : Laticrura470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Paralenorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Orthidae : Paralenorthis466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Paurorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Paurorthidae : Paurorthis485.4 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Phragmorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Phragmorthidae : Phragmorthis470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Replicoskenidioides
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Protorthida : Skenidiidae : Replicoskenidioides449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Rhipidomella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Rhipidomellidae : Rhipidomella419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Salopina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Draboviidae : Salopina470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Scaphorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Giraldiellidae : Scaphorthis449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Schizonema
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Hesperorthidae : Schizonema443.4 - 433.4 Ma
Silurian
Schizophoria
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Schizophoriidae : Schizophoria427.4 - 410.8 Ma
Paleozoic
Sigmelasma
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Wangyuiidae : Sigmelasma470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Skenidioides
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Protorthida : Skenidiidae : Skenidioides470 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Taphrorthis
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Orthidae : Taphrorthis449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Anoptambonites
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Hesperomenidae : Anoptambonites449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Bimuria
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Bimuriidae : Bimuria466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Brachyprion
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Leptostrophiidae : Brachyprion427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Chonetes
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Chonetidae : Chonetes419.2 - 174.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Leptellina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Leptellinidae : Leptellina470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Mesodouvillina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Amphistrophiidae : Mesodouvillina419.2 - 410.8 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Teguliferina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Cyclacanthariidae : Teguliferina298.9 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Conchidium
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Subrianidae : Conchidium427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Cymbidium
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Subrianidae : Cymbidium427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Gypidula
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Gypidulidae : Gypidula427.4 - 410.8 Ma
Paleozoic
Pentamerus
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Pentameridae : Pentamerus427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Stricklandia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Stricklandiidae : Stricklandia427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Rhynchonellida
order
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida199.3 - 140.2 Ma
Mesozoic
Anarhynchia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Peregrinellidae : Anarhynchia190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Camarotoechia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Camarotoechiidae : Camarotoechia427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Hemithiris
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Hemithirididae : Hemithiris56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Rhynchonella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella393.3 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Stenoscisma
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Stenoscismatidae : Stenoscisma279.3 - 272.3 Ma
Permian
Spiriferida
order
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ambocoelia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Ambocoeliidae : Ambocoelia427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Cyrtia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Syringothyrididae : Cyrtia252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cyrtina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Cyrtinidae : Cyrtina427.4 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Howellella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Delthyrididae : Howellella427.4 - 410.8 Ma
Paleozoic
Martinia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Martiniidae : Martinia358.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Neospirifer
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Trigonotretidae : Neospirifer279.3 - 272.3 Ma
Permian
Spirifer
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Spiriferidae : Spirifer419.2 - 298.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Spiriferina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Spiriferinidae : Spiriferina252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Trematospira
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Rhynchospirinidae : Trematospira427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Whitfieldella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Meristellidae : Whitfieldella427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Zugmayerella
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Spondylospiridae : Zugmayerella221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Atrypida
order
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Atrypa
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Atrypidae : Atrypa427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Atrypoidea
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Lissatrypidae : Atrypoidea427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Glassia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Lissatrypidae : Glassia427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Plectatrypa
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Atrypidae : Plectatrypa427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Terebratulida
order
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida237 - 93.9 Ma
Mesozoic
Cranaena
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Cranaenidae : Cranaena419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Dielasma
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Dielasmatidae : Dielasma252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Gryphus
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Gryphus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Terebratalia
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebrataliidae : Terebratalia23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Terebratula
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratulidae : Terebratula252.17 - 7.246 Ma
Phanerozoic
Terebratulina
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Cancellothyrididae : Terebratulina56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Echinodermata
phylum
Animalia : Echinodermata48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Luidia
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Asteroidea : Paxillosida : Luidiidae : Luidia5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Ophiuroidea
class
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Crinoidea
class
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea541 - 174.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Isocrinus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Isocrinus237 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Archaeocidaris
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Archaeocidaridae : Archaeocidaris252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cidaris
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Cidaridae : Cidaris221.5 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Echinoida
order
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Echinoida28.1 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Strongylocentrotus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Camarodonta : Strongylocentrotidae : Strongylocentrotus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Toxopneustes
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Camarodonta : Toxopneustidae : Toxopneustes5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clypeasteroida
order
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clypeaster
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Clypeasteridae : Clypeaster5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Dendraster
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Dendrasteridae : Dendraster7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Scutella (Echinarachnius)
subgenus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Scutella (Echinarachnius)5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kewia
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Kewia23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Scutella
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Scutellidae : Scutella33.9 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Vaquerosella
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Vaquerosella23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Echinocorys
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Holasteroida : Echinocorythidae : Echinocorys89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hemiaster
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Hemiasteridae : Hemiaster83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Megapetalus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Asterostomatidae : Megapetalus13.6 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Periaster
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Periasteridae : Periaster66 - 61.6 Ma
Paleocene
Pericosmus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Pericosmidae : Pericosmus66 - 61.6 Ma
Paleocene
Monograptus
genus
Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Monograptidae : Monograptus419.2 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Epigondolella
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Gondolellidae : Epigondolella252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Hindeodus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Hindeodus279.3 - 272.3 Ma
Permian
Idiognathodus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Idiognathodontidae : Idiognathodus318.1 - 252.17 Ma
Paleozoic
Neogondolella
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Neogondolella279.3 - 272.3 Ma
Permian
Chondrichthyes
class
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Squalus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Plagiostomi : Squalidae : Squalus41.3 - 13.82 Ma
Cenozoic
Squatina
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Squatina41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Heterodontus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Heterodontiformes : Heterodontidae : Heterodontus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Carcharodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Carcharodon15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Isurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Isurus56 - 13.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Odontaspis
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : Odontaspis11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Palaeohypotodus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : Palaeohypotodus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Carcharhinus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Carcharhinus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Galeocerdo
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Galeocerdo11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Negaprion
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Negaprion15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Myliobatis
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Myliobatiformes : Myliobatidae : Myliobatis41.3 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Osteichthyes
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes72.1 - 11.62 Ma
Phanerozoic
Reptilia
class
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Psephophorus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Dermochelyidae : Psephophorus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Halisaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Mosasauridae : Halisaurus70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plotosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Mosasauridae : Plotosaurus72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plesiosauria
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Sauropterygia : Plesiosauria72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ichthyosauria
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ichthyosauria152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Ichthyosaurus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Ichthyosauridae : Ichthyosaurus190.8 - 93.9 Ma
Mesozoic
Aves
class
Animalia : Chordata : Aves1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Larus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Laridae : Larus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cetacea
order
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea38 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cophocetus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Cetotheriidae : Cophocetus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Herpetocetus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Herpetocetus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Liolithax
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Kentriodontidae : Liolithax11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Sirenia
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sirenia13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Allodesmus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Allodesmus15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Callorhinus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Otariidae : Callorhinus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Neotherium
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Neotherium15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Desmostylia
order
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylia11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Desmostylus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Paleoparadoxia
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Paleoparadoxiidae : Paleoparadoxia13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Urodela
family
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Caudata : Urodela1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Taricha
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Caudata : Salamandridae : Taricha1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Bufo
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Anura : Bufonidae : Bufo1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Rana
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Amphibia : Anura : Ranidae : Rana1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Basilemys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Nanhsiungchelyidae : Basilemys72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Geochelone
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Geochelone10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Phrynosoma
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Phrynosomatidae : Phrynosoma1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Sceloporus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Phrynosomatidae : Sceloporus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Anniella
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Anniellidae : Anniella13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Mosasauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Mosasauridae72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Colubridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubridae15.97 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Hadrosauridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Hadrosauridae83.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Falco
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Falco0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Accipitridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Buteo
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Buteo0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Strigiformes
order
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Strigidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Passeriformes
order
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes15.97 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Rallus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : Rallus1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Ardeidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Podicipedidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes : Podicipedidae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Podiceps
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes : Podicipedidae : Podiceps0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Scolopacidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anatidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Mergus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Mergus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pelagornithidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelagornithidae38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pelecanus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Pelecanidae : Pelecanus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sulidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Sulidae15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Plotopteridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Plotopteridae33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Phalacrocorax
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Diomedea
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Diomedeidae : Diomedea15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Procellariidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Procellariidae15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Puffinus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Procellariidae : Puffinus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Gaviiformes
order
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gaviiformes56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Gavia
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gaviiformes : Gaviidae : Gavia0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Herpetotherium
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Didelphimorphia : Didelphidae : Herpetotherium30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Erinaceidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Erinaceomorpha : Erinaceidae30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Scalopoides
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Talpidae : Scalopoides20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Scapanus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Talpidae : Scapanus4.9 - 1.8 Ma
Cenozoic
Domnina
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Domnina23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Limnoecus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Soricomorpha : Soricidae : Limnoecus20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Felidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Machairodus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Machairodus10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Mustelidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Enhydra
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydra2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Mephitis
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : Mephitis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Taxidea
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Taxidea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Canidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae10.3 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Aelurodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Aelurodon15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Borophagus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Leptocyon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Leptocyon30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Mesocyon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Mesocyon30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Phlaocyon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Phlaocyon30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Urocyon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Urocyon0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Vulpes
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Vulpes0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Procyonidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Procyonidae13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Bassariscus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Procyonidae : Bassariscus1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Procyon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Procyonidae : Procyon1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Amphicyonidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Cynelos
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ursidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Ursidae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Indarctos
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Ursidae : Indarctos10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Rodentia
order
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia15.97 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Heliscomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Geomyidae : Heliscomys30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Sciuridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eutamias
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Eutamias0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Miospermophilus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Miospermophilus30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Nototamias
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Nototamias30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Petauristodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Petauristodon30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Protospermophilus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Protospermophilus13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Spermophilus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Spermophilus13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Dipoides
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Castoridae : Dipoides10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Monosaulax
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Castoridae : Monosaulax15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Leptodontomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Eomyidae : Leptodontomys20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Pseudotheridomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Eomyidae : Pseudotheridomys20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Thomomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Geomyidae : Thomomys1.8 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Heteromyidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Heteromyidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dipodomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Heteromyidae : Dipodomys1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Proheteromys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Geomyidae : Proheteromys30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Schizodontomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Geomyidae : Schizodontomys30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Leidymys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Leidymys30.8 - 13.82 Ma
Cenozoic
Microtus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Microtus1.8 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Neotoma
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Neotoma2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Peromyscus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Peromyscus10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Reithrodontomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Reithrodontomys2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Yatkolamys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Yatkolamys20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Erethizon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Erethizontidae : Erethizon1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Leporidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Archaeolagus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Archaeolagus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Gripholagomys
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Gripholagomys30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Lepus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Lepus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Sylvilagus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Sylvilagus1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Tayassuidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae23.03 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Cynorca
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Cynorca30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Merycoidodontidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Brachycrus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Brachycrus15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Merychyus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Merychyus30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Camelidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae23.03 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Aepycamelus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Aepycamelus15.97 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Alforjas
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Alforjas10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Camelops
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Camelops0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hemiauchenia
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Hemiauchenia10.3 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Miolabis
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Miolabis15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Protolabis
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Protolabis23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Tanymykter
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Tanymykter30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Ruminantia
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Ruminantia23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Hypertragulus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Hypertragulidae : Hypertragulus30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeomerycidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Dromomerycinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Dromomerycinae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Rakomeryx
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Rakomeryx20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cervidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae2.588 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Cervus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Cervus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Odocoileus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Odocoileus1.8 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Rangifer
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Rangifer0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Antilocapridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae15.97 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Capromeryx
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae : Capromeryx13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Merycodus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae : Merycodus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Sphenophalos
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae : Sphenophalos10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Bison
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bison0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Euceratherium
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Euceratherium1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Odontoceti
suborder
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Odontoceti33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Delphinidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae15.97 - 0.012 Ma
Cenozoic
Mysticeti
suborder
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Mysticeti33.9 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Balaenopteridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Balaenopteridae11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Equidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae23.03 - 1.8 Ma
Cenozoic
Archaeohippus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Archaeohippus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Dinohippus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Dinohippus23.03 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Equus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus4.9 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Hipparion
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparion23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Hippotherium
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hippotherium23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Hypohippus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hypohippus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Miohippus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Miohippus30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Parahippus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Parahippus24.8 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Pliohippus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Pliohippus23.03 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Chalicotheriidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Chalicotheriidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Tapirus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Tapiridae : Tapirus10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Rhinocerotidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Diceratherium
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Diceratherium30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Peraceras
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Peraceras15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Teleoceras
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Teleoceras10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Proboscidea
order
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea23.03 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphotheriidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Gomphotheriidae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Mammutidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Desmostylidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Megalonychidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Megalonychidae23.03 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Megalonyx
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Megalonychidae : Megalonyx10.3 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Nothrotheriops
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Pilosa : Nothrotheriidae : Nothrotheriops1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Aphelops megalodus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Rhinocerotidae : Aphelops : Aphelops megalodus15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Aelurodon taxoides
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Aelurodon : Aelurodon taxoides13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Alilepus hibbardi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Alilepus : Alilepus hibbardi13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Aepycamelus alexandrae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Aepycamelus : Aepycamelus alexandrae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Amphicyon ingens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Amphicyon : Amphicyon ingens15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Anchitherium clarencei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Anchitherium : Anchitherium clarencei20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Archaeohippus ultimus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Archaeohippus : Archaeohippus ultimus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Camelops hesternus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Camelops : Camelops hesternus1.8 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Barbourofelis loveorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Barbourofelidae : Barbourofelis : Barbourofelis loveorum13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Hoplictis grangerensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Hoplictis : Hoplictis grangerensis13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Bison antiquus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bison : Bison antiquus0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Pseudoblastomeryx advena
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Moschidae : Pseudoblastomeryx : Pseudoblastomeryx advena30.8 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Borophagus littoralis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophagus : Borophagus littoralis13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Bison bison
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Bison : Bison bison2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Camelops minidokae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Camelops : Camelops minidokae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Urocyon cinereoargenteus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Urocyon : Urocyon cinereoargenteus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eucyon davisi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Eucyon : Eucyon davisi10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Canis dirus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis dirus1.8 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Epicyon haydeni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Epicyon : Epicyon haydeni13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Canis latrans
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Canis : Canis latrans1.8 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Epicyon saevus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Epicyon : Epicyon saevus13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Leptocyon vafer
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Leptocyon : Leptocyon vafer13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Cernictis hesperus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Cernictis : Cernictis hesperus10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Citellus (Otospermophilus) bensoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Spermophilus : Citellus (Otospermophilus) bensoni1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Cormohipparion
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Cormohipparion13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Cupidinimus lindsayi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Geomyidae : Cupidinimus : Cupidinimus lindsayi20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cuyamalagus dawsoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae : Cuyamalagus : Cuyamalagus dawsoni30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Metatomarctus canavus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Metatomarctus : Metatomarctus canavus20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Desmocyon thomsoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Desmocyon : Desmocyon thomsoni20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cynorca occidentale
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Cynorca : Cynorca occidentale15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Daphoenus ruber
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Daphoenus : Daphoenus ruber30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Dyseohyus fricki
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Dyseohyus : Dyseohyus fricki15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Mammut americanum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Mammut : Mammut americanum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mammuthus columbi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Elephantidae : Mammuthus : Mammuthus columbi1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Neohipparion eurystyle
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion : Neohipparion eurystyle10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Equus (Dolichohippus) simplicidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equus : Equus (Dolichohippus) simplicidens0.781 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Miracinonyx studeri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Miracinonyx : Miracinonyx studeri2.588 - 1.806 Ma
Pleistocene
Leidymys nematodon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Leidymys : Leidymys nematodon30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Hipparion forcei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparion : Hipparion forcei13.6 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Cormohipparion occidentale
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Cormohipparion : Cormohipparion occidentale11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Neohipparion trampasense
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion : Neohipparion trampasense23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Pliohippus spectans
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Pliohippus : Pliohippus spectans10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Merychippus relictus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Merychippus : Merychippus relictus15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Pronotolagus apachensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Pronotolagus : Pronotolagus apachensis20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Hypolagus edensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Hypolagus : Hypolagus edensis10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Hypolagus furlongi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Hypolagus : Hypolagus furlongi1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Hypolagus tedfordi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae : Hypolagus : Hypolagus tedfordi10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Leptarctus wortmani
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Leptarctus : Leptarctus wortmani13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Sespia nitida
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Sespia : Sespia nitida30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Machaeromeryx tragulus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Moschidae : Machaeromeryx : Machaeromeryx tragulus30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Plionictis ogygia
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Plionictis : Plionictis ogygia15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Mammut matthewi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Mammut : Mammut matthewi4.9 - 1.8 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphotherium obscurum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Mammut : Gomphotherium obscurum23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Paramylodon harlani
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Xenarthra : Mylodontidae : Paramylodon : Paramylodon harlani1.8 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Merychippus brevidontus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Merychippus : Merychippus brevidontus15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Merychippus californicus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Merychippus : Merychippus californicus15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Parapliohippus carrizoensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Parapliohippus : Parapliohippus carrizoensis23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Merychippus stevensi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Merychippus : Merychippus stevensi23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Scaphohippus sumani
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Scaphohippus : Scaphohippus sumani23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Merychyus elegans
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Merychyus : Merychyus elegans30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Ustatochoerus major
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Ustatochoerus : Ustatochoerus major13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Merychyus elegans smithi
subspecies
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Merychyus : Merychyus elegans smithi23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Texoceros altidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae : Texoceros : Texoceros altidens23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Mesoreodon chelonyx
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Mesoreodon : Mesoreodon chelonyx30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Ustatochoerus medius novomexicanus
subspecies
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Merycoidodontidae : Ustatochoerus : Ustatochoerus medius novomexicanus13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Michenia agatensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Michenia : Michenia agatensis30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Miolabis californicus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Miolabis : Miolabis californicus24.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Enhydra lutris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Enhydra : Enhydra lutris0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Hipparion tehonense
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparion : Hipparion tehonense23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Neohipparion gidleyi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion : Neohipparion gidleyi23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Neohipparion leptode
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Neohipparion : Neohipparion leptode10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Nothrotheriops texanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Xenarthra : Nothrotheriidae : Nothrotheriops : Nothrotheriops texanus1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Ogmodontomys sawrockensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Ogmodontomys : Ogmodontomys sawrockensis4.9 - 1.8 Ma
Cenozoic
Ondatra idahoensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Ondatra : Ondatra idahoensis1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Ottoceros peacevalleyensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae : Ottoceros : Ottoceros peacevalleyensis10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Tanymykter brachyodontus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Tanymykter : Tanymykter brachyodontus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Archaeohippus mourningi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Archaeohippus : Archaeohippus mourningi23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Parahippus pawniensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Parahippus : Parahippus pawniensis20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Yumaceras ruminalis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Palaeomerycidae : Yumaceras : Yumaceras ruminalis23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Peromyscus irvingtonensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Peromyscus : Peromyscus irvingtonensis1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Phlaocyon taylori
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Phlaocyon : Phlaocyon taylori30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Microtus meadensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Microtus : Microtus meadensis1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Plesiogulo lindsayi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Plesiogulo : Plesiogulo lindsayi10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Pliauchenia magnifontis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Pliauchenia : Pliauchenia magnifontis13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Dinohippus leardi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Dinohippus : Dinohippus leardi23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Pliotomodon primitivus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Pliotomodon : Pliotomodon primitivus10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Procamelus grandis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Procamelus : Procamelus grandis13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Harrymys magnus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Heteromyidae : Harrymys : Harrymys magnus20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Proheteromys sulculus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Geomyidae : Proheteromys : Proheteromys sulculus20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Desmatippus avus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Desmatippus : Desmatippus avus15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Pliohippus tehonensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Pliohippus : Pliohippus tehonensis23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Pseudaelurus marshi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Pseudaelurus : Pseudaelurus marshi15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Nimravides thinobates
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Nimravides : Nimravides thinobates13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Pseudotheridomys cuyamensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Eomyidae : Pseudotheridomys : Pseudotheridomys cuyamensis20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Repomys maxumi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Repomys : Repomys maxumi4.9 - 1.8 Ma
Cenozoic
Scapanus latimanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lipotyphla : Talpidae : Scapanus : Scapanus latimanus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Protosciurus tecuyensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Sciuridae : Protosciurus : Protosciurus tecuyensis30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Sigmodon minor
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Sigmodon : Sigmodon minor1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Prodipoides lecontei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Castoridae : Prodipoides : Prodipoides lecontei23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Microtomarctus conferta
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Microtomarctus : Microtomarctus conferta15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Tetrameryx irvingtonensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae : Tetrameryx : Tetrameryx irvingtonensis1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Tomarctus brevirostris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Tomarctus : Tomarctus brevirostris23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Protomarctus optatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Protomarctus : Protomarctus optatus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Aesculus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Sapindaceae : Aesculus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Sapindopsis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Sapindaceae : Sapindopsis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Emydinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Emydidae : Emydinae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Thamnophis
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Natricidae : Thamnophis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Coluber constrictor
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Colubridae : Coluber : Coluber constrictor0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Kampholophos serrulus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Kentriodontidae : Kampholophos : Kampholophos serrulus13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pinnipedia
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Pinnipedia11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Platanus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Proteales : Platanaceae : Platanus13.82 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Saurolophinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Hadrosauridae : Saurolophinae72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Heterosoricidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Heterosoricidae30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Aporrhaidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cyperaceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Cyperaceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Caryophyllaceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Caryophyllales : Caryophyllaceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Florissantia quilchenensis
species
Florissantia : Florissantia quilchenensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Phlebopteris
genus
Plantae : Phlebopteris145 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Phacoides
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Phacoides66 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Mesophyllum
genus
Plantae : Rhodophyta : Florideophyceae : Corallinales : Hapalidiaceae : Mesophyllum47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Plantae
kingdom
Plantae199.3 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Archaeolithothamnium
genus
Plantae : Rhodophyta : Florideophyceae : Corallinales : Sporolithaceae : Archaeolithothamnion83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Girtyocoelia
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Girtyocoeliidae : Girtyocoelia449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Serpulidae
family
Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae152.1 - 41.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lithophyllum
genus
Plantae : Rhodophyta : Florideophyceae : Corallinales : Corallinaceae : Lithophyllum47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Lithothamnion
genus
Plantae : Rhodophyta : Florideophyceae : Corallinales : Hapalidiaceae : Lithothamnion47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Platyceras (Platyostoma)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Platyceratidae : Platyceras : Platyceras (Platyostoma)419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Elasmobranchii
class
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii201.3 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Smilax
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Liliales : Smilacaceae : Smilax13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Liliaceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Liliales : Liliaceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Salix
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Salicaceae : Salix0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Carya
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Juglandaceae : Carya56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Alnus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Betulaceae : Alnus56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Quercus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Fagaceae : Quercus56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Persea pseudocarolinensis
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Laurales : Lauraceae : Persea : Persea pseudocarolinensis13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Acer
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Sapindaceae : Acer56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Cornus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Cornales : Cornaceae : Cornus56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Phyllites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Phyllites113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cupressaceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Cupressaceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pinus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Pinus56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Equisetum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Equisetales : Equisetaceae : Equisetum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Abies
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Abies56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Ginkgo
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoaceae : Ginkgo56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Sequoia
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Cupressaceae : Sequoia113 - 33.9 Ma
Phanerozoic
Bryophyta
phylum
Plantae : Bryophyta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Sparganium
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Typhaceae : Sparganium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pterocarya
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Juglandaceae : Pterocarya56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Betula
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Betulaceae : Betula56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Corylus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Betulaceae : Corylus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Menispermites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Menispermaceae : Menispermites113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Averrhoites
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Oxalidales : Oxalidaceae : Averrhoites56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Trochodendroides
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Trochodendrales : Trochodendraceae : Trochodendroides113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ericaceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ericaceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Gramineae
family
Plantae : Angiospermae : Cyperales : Gramineae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dryopteris
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Polypodiales : Dryopteridaceae : Dryopteris0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Urticaceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Urticaceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cruciferae
family
Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Capparidales : Cruciferae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Onagraceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Myrtales : Onagraceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Labiatae
family
Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Labiatae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Campanulaceae
family
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Asterales : Campanulaceae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Elatocladus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Elatocladus145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Juglans
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Juglandaceae : Juglans56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Populus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Malpighiales : Salicaceae : Populus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Fagus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Fagaceae : Fagus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ulmus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Ulmaceae : Ulmus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Aralia
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Apiales : Araliaceae : Aralia56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Arctostaphylos
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ericaceae : Arctostaphylos0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Coniopteris
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Cyatheales : Dicksoniaceae : Coniopteris163.5 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Cladophlebis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Cladophlebis145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cladophlebis oerstedi
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Cladophlebis : Cladophlebis oerstedi113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cladophlebis virginiensis
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Cladophlebis : Cladophlebis virginiensis163.5 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Sphenopteris latiloba
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lyginopteridaceae : Sphenopteris : Sphenopteris latiloba145 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sagenopteris elliptica
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Caytoniaceae : Sagenopteris : Sagenopteris elliptica125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Sagenopteris
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Caytoniaceae : Sagenopteris145 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pseudocycas
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Pseudocycas125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Ginkgo pluripartita
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoaceae : Ginkgo : Ginkgo pluripartita163.5 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Zelkova
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Ulmaceae : Zelkova56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ptilophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Ptilophyllum145 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pterophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Cycadopsida : Pterophyllum145 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Testudines
order
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Isastrea
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Isastrea228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Loxonematidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Loxonematidae419.2 - 410.8 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Paupospira sumnerensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Paupospira : Paupospira sumnerensis460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Vanderhoofius coalingensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Vanderhoofius : Vanderhoofius coalingensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Conocardioidea
superfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Rostroconchia : Conocardiida : Conocardioidea419.2 - 410.8 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Lophospira milleri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Lophospira : Lophospira milleri460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Lophospira perangulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Lophospira : Lophospira perangulata460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Wallowaconcha raylenea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Megalodontida : Wallowaconchidae : Wallowaconcha : Wallowaconcha raylenea228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Isocrinidae
family
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Isocrinida : Isocrinidae41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Brachyura
infraorder
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Brachyura89.8 - 38 Ma
Phanerozoic
Elimia
genus
Elimia89.8 - 37.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Paraliospira angulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Eotomariidae : Paraliospira : Paraliospira angulata460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Pachystrophia devexa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Holopeidae : Pachystrophia : Pachystrophia devexa460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Acteon
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Acteonidae : Acteon83.5 - 47.8 Ma
Phanerozoic
Natica allisoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica allisoni100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Acmaeidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Acmaeidae48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Aguileria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Aguileria72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Amaurellina caleocia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Amaurellina : Amaurellina caleocia47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Amauropsis martinezensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Amauropsis : Amauropsis martinezensis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Ampullospirinae
subfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Ampullospirinae66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Anomiidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Arcidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Astartidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae196.5 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Buccinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Callista (Costacallista) conradiana
species
Callista (Costacallista) conradiana56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cancellariidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Caprinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Caprinidae83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cardiidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae196.5 - 37.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Carditacea
superfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Carditacea221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Cassidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cerithiidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae83.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Corbulidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae113 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Crommium andersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Crommium : Crommium andersoni47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Crommium pinyonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Crommium : Crommium pinyonensis59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cucullaeidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Cucullaeidae93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eocernina hannibali
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Cernina : Eocernina hannibali56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Epitoniidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Flabellum cuneiforme
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum : Flabellum cuneiforme61.6 - 55.8 Ma
Paleogene
Glycimeris
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Glycimeris56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Glycymerididae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Gyrodes (Sohlella) expansus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Gyrodes (Sohlella) expansus72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gyrodes (Sohlella) pacificus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Gyrodes (Sohlella) pacificus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gyrodes (Sohlella) quercus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Gyrodes (Sohlella) quercus89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gyrodes (Sohlella) yolensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Gyrodes (Sohlella) yolensis93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gyrodes (Sohlella) canadensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Gyrodes (Sohlella) canadensis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Heterodonta
subclass
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Heterodonta199.3 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Cucullaea (Idonearca)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Cucullaeidae : Cucullaea : Cucullaea (Idonearca)93.9 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae113 - 66 Ma
Cretaceous
Linearis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Linearis100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lucinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae100.5 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mytilidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae152.1 - 23.03 Ma
Phanerozoic
Natica (Natica) weaveri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Natica : Natica (Natica) weaveri38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Natica (Naticarius) unifasciata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Naticarius : Natica (Naticarius) unifasciata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Natica conradiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica conradiana100.5 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Naticidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae100.5 - 3.6 Ma
Phanerozoic
Neritoidea
superfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neritoidea221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Neverita globosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Neverita : Neverita globosa56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Neverita : Neverita (Neverita) washingtonensis38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Nonactaeonina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Acteonidae : Nonactaeonina83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nuculanidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Ostreidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae201.3 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Panopea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Panopea66 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Patelloidea
superfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Patelloidea83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pectinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae72.1 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Polinices (Euspira) hotsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Euspira : Polinices (Euspira) hotsoni48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Polinices (Euspira) nuciformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Euspira : Polinices (Euspira) nuciformis66 - 37.2 Ma
Paleogene
Polinices (Euspira) clementensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Euspira : Polinices (Euspira) clementensis48.6 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Polinices (Polinices) gesteri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Polinices : Polinices (Polinices) gesteri56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Polinices (Polinices) hornii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Polinices : Polinices (Polinices) hornii59.2 - 38 Ma
Paleogene
Protocardia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Protocardia201.3 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Pyramidellidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pyramidellidae48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Scaphandridae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Scaphandridae37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Sinum obliquum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Sinum : Sinum obliquum56 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Sinum scopulosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Sinum : Sinum scopulosum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Solemyidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Tejonia moragai
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Tejonia : Tejonia moragai56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Tellinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae100.5 - 37.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Teredinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Teredinidae55.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Thyasiridae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Trigoniidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae228 - 89.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Trochidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Turbinidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Turridae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae56 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Veneridae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Vermetidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Vermetidae59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Vesicomyidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Vesicomyidae47.8 - 13.82 Ma
Cenozoic
Volsella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus228 - 28.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Volutidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Retiophyllia fenestrata
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Retiophyllia : Retiophyllia fenestrata221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Nannocetus eremus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Cetotheriidae : Nannocetus : Nannocetus eremus7.246 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Hoploparia riddlensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Nephropidae : Hoploparia : Hoploparia riddlensis132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Raninidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene
Fucaia goedertorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Aetiocetidae : Fucaia : Fucaia goedertorum28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Phocoena phocoena
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Phocoenidae : Phocoena : Phocoena phocoena0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Grampus griseus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Grampus : Grampus griseus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Steno bredanensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Steno : Steno bredanensis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Lissodelphis borealis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Lissodelphis : Lissodelphis borealis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Feresa attenuata
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Feresa : Feresa attenuata0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Sagmatias obliquidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Sagmatias : Sagmatias obliquidens0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Zarhinocetus errabundus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Allodelphinidae : Zarhinocetus : Zarhinocetus errabundus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Kentriodon obscurus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Kentriodontidae : Kentriodon : Kentriodon obscurus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Lophocetus repenningi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Kentriodontidae : Lophocetus : Lophocetus repenningi11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Cyprinidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Praeparvicingula
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Praeparvicingula nebulosa
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula nebulosa150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Pseudoeucyrtis
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Pseudoeucyrtis166.1 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Pseudoeucyrtis paskentaensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Pseudoeucyrtis : Pseudoeucyrtis paskentaensis99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Archaeocenosphaera
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Archaeocenosphaera190.8 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeocenosphaera ruesti
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Archaeocenosphaera : Archaeocenosphaera ruesti166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Mita
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Mita150.8 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Acastea
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Acastea150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Brachiodontes
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Brachiodontes56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Tripocyclia
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Tripocyclia242 - 145 Ma
Mesozoic
Teichertus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Plagiacanthidae : Teichertus166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeospongoprunum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Parvivacca
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Parvivacca167.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Suna
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Suna166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Deviatus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Deviatus171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Eschrichtius robustus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Eschrichtiidae : Eschrichtius : Eschrichtius robustus2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Megaptera novaeangliae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Balaenopteridae : Megaptera : Megaptera novaeangliae0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pseudorca crassidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Pseudorca : Pseudorca crassidens0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Delphinavus newhalli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Remingtonocetidae : Delphinavus : Delphinavus newhalli13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Transhsuum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Transhsuum190.8 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Metaxytherium arctodites
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sirenia : Dugongidae : Metaxytherium : Metaxytherium arctodites15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Dusisiren jordani
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sirenia : Dugongidae : Dusisiren : Dusisiren jordani11.62 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Mustelinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Mustelinae13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Machairodontinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Machairodontinae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Antilocaprinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Antilocapridae : Antilocaprinae10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Equinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equinae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Hipparionini
tribe
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Hipparionini23.03 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Equini
tribe
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Equini23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Acaeniotylidae
family
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Acaeniotylidae150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Acusten
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Acusten150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Olanda
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Obeliscoitidae : Olanda166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Belleza
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Belleza166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Minocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Minocapsa166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Wilvemia
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Wilvemia170.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Parasaturnalidae
family
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parasaturnalidae150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Nolita
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Nolita150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Novitripus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Novitripus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Bolenidae
family
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Bolenidae166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Bolena
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Actinommidae : Bolena150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Leugeonidae
family
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Leugeonidae166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Levileugeo
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Levileugeo170.3 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hexasphaera
genus
Chromista : Myzozoa : Dinophyceae : Gonyaulacales : Gonyaulacaceae : Hexasphaera166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Helena
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Helena166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Lanubus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Lanubus171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Xiphostylidae
family
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Zanola
genus
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Zanola166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Lampasa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Lampasa166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Phantum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Phantum150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Hilarisirex
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hilarisiregidae : Hilarisirex166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hsuidae
family
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Semihsuum
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Semihsuum171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Kilinora
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Sethocapsidae : Kilinora166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Kilinora spiralis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Sethocapsidae : Kilinora : Kilinora spiralis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hiscocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Hiscocapsa166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Novixitus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Novixitus150.8 - 93.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Palinandromeda
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Amphipyndacidae : Palinandromeda167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Triversus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Amphipyndacidae : Triversus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Unuma
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Unumidae : Unuma166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Guexella
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Guexella166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pentacrinus
genus
Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Isocrinida : Pentacrinitidae : Pentacrinus252.17 - 174.1 Ma
Phanerozoic
Phyllostomidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Phyllostomidae20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Linaresia
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Linaresia167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Holocryptocanium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Holocryptocanium99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dicerosaturnalis dicranacanthos
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Saturnalidae : Dicerosaturnalis : Dicerosaturnalis dicranacanthos150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Discamphiceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Discamphiceras201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Petrophyllia clarki
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Oculinidae : Petrophyllia : Petrophyllia clarki56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Trochocyathus stantoni
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Trochocyathus : Trochocyathus stantoni47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Terebratulina tejonensis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Cancellothyrididae : Terebratulina : Terebratulina tejonensis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Mitra simplicissima
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mitridae : Mitra : Mitra simplicissima56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Gari (Gobraeus) texta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Gari : Gari (Gobraeus) texta56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Palaeopinnixa rathbunae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Hexapodidae : Palaeopinnixa : Palaeopinnixa rathbunae48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Calorebama inornata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Sulcobuccinum : Calorebama inornata48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Cetotheriidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Cetotheriidae15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Pitaria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitaria56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Nucula gabbiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula gabbiana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Nuculana (Saccella) gabbii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella : Nuculana (Saccella) gabbii66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Glycymeris major
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris major56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Modiolus ornatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus ornatus66 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Periploma stewartvillensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma stewartvillensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Lyonsia venturaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lyonsiidae : Lyonsia : Lyonsia venturaensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Crassatella meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatella meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Venericardia hornii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia hornii56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Miltha (Miltha) meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha : Miltha (Miltha) meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Diplodonta (Diplodonta) cretacea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta (Diplodonta) cretacea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii hartleyensis
subspecies
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Acanthocardia : Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii hartleyensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Dosiniopsis stewartvillensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosiniopsis : Dosiniopsis stewartvillensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pitaria conradi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Meretrix : Pitaria conradi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pitaria palmeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Meretrix : Pitaria palmeri56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Macrocallista meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Macrocallista meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Tellina (Angulus) joaquinensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Angulus : Tellina (Angulus) joaquinensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Tellina (Angulus) longa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Angulus : Tellina (Angulus) longa56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Corbula diaboli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae : Corbula : Corbula diaboli56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Martesia meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Martesia : Martesia meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Solen (Eosolen) stantoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solen (Eosolen) stantoni66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Solena (Plectosolen) parallelus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Solena : Solena (Plectosolen) parallelus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudocardium meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Pseudocardium meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Mactromeris tejonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris tejonensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Vertebrata
subphylum
Animalia : Chordata : Vertebrata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Euclastes
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Cheloniidae : Euclastes72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Actinopterygii
class
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii182 - 70.6 Ma
Mesozoic
Odontophoridae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Odontophoridae0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anas
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Anas0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anatinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Anatinae15.97 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Agerchlamys
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Agerchlamys189.6 - 186.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Vitorfus
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Saturnalidae : Vitorfus113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Zifondium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Zifondium113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Vitorfus campbelli
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Saturnalidae : Vitorfus : Vitorfus campbelli113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Zifondium lassenensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Zifondium : Zifondium lassenensis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Thanarla praeveneta
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Thanarla : Thanarla praeveneta99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Miltoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Coeloceratidae : Miltoceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cleviceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Cleviceras183 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Harpoceratinae
subfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Harpoceratinae182 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Dactylioceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Dactylioceratidae182 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Coleoptera
order
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dytiscidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Dytiscidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Leiodidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Leiodidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Elateridae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Elateridae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Chrysomelidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bacillariophyceae
class
Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Cetotherium furlongi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Cetotheriidae : Cetotherium : Cetotherium furlongi20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Podagrosites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Podagrosites180.1 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Omaliinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Omaliinae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Aleocharinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Aleocharinae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Globicephala macrorhynchus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Delphinidae : Globicephala : Globicephala macrorhynchus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Staphylininae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Staphylininae0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Entobia
genus
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Clionaida : Clionaidae : Entobia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Spongiomorpha (Heptastylopsis) gibbosa
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Spongiomorphida : Spongiomorphidae : Spongiomorpha : Spongiomorpha (Heptastylopsis) gibbosa228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Spongiomorpha (Heptastylopsis) ramosa
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Spongiomorphida : Spongiomorphidae : Spongiomorpha : Spongiomorpha (Heptastylopsis) ramosa221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Cimbicidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Cimbicidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Apidae
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Apidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Formicidae
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Formicidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Dolichoderinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Dolichoderinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Apoidea
superfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apoidea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Progalerus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Paragastropoda : Mimospirida : Clisospiridae : Progalerus427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Foraminifera
phylum
Chromista : Foraminifera56 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Stephanopyxis
genus
Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Melosirales : Stephanopyxidaceae : Stephanopyxis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Melosira
genus
Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Melosirales : Melosiraceae : Melosira0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Odonata
order
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Odonata3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Tenthredinidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Tenthredininae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae : Tenthredininae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Ichneumonidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Thyasira peruviana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Thyasira : Thyasira peruviana28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Gomphidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Odonata : Gomphidae3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Behemotops proteus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Paleoparadoxiidae : Behemotops : Behemotops proteus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Bembidion
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Bembidion0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lathrobium
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Lathrobium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Desmostylus hesperus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : Desmostylus hesperus30.8 - 7.246 Ma
Cenozoic
Paleoparadoxia tabatai
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostyloidea : Paleoparadoxiidae : Paleoparadoxia : Paleoparadoxia tabatai15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Arctocephalus townsendi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Otariidae : Arctocephalus : Arctocephalus townsendi0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Valenictus imperialensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Odobenidae : Valenictus : Valenictus imperialensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Imagotaria downsi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Imagotaria : Imagotaria downsi11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Strioterebrum gausapatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Strioterebrum : Strioterebrum gausapatum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Callorhinus gilmorei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Otariidae : Callorhinus : Callorhinus gilmorei3.6 - 0.781 Ma
Cenozoic
Braconidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Braconidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Allodesmus packardi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Allodesmus : Allodesmus packardi15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Pithanotaria starri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Otariidae : Pithanotaria : Pithanotaria starri11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Pliopedia pacifica
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Odobenidae : Pliopedia : Pliopedia pacifica5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Dolichoderus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Dolichoderus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Vespidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Vespidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Phoca vitulina
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Phoca : Phoca vitulina0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Megalomphala contorta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontida : Bucaniidae : Megalomphala : Megalomphala contorta466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Boucotspira fimbriata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Helicotomidae : Boucotspira : Boucotspira fimbriata460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Ptychocaulus rodneyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Hormotomidae : Ptychocaulus : Ptychocaulus rodneyi419.2 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Stenoloron fasciata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Gosseletinidae : Stenoloron : Stenoloron fasciata460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Temnodiscus euryomphalus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bellerophontida : Tropidodiscidae : Temnodiscus : Temnodiscus euryomphalus460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Linsleyella greggi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Euomphalidae : Linsleyella : Linsleyella greggi460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Proturritella historicum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Proturritella : Proturritella historicum449.5 - 393.3 Ma
Paleozoic
Ectomaria prisca
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Ectomaria : Ectomaria prisca460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Eunema strigillatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Eunema : Eunema strigillatum427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Mestoronema marginalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Lesueurillidae : Mestoronema : Mestoronema marginalis460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Bicarina petilitornata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Gosseletinidae : Bicarina : Bicarina petilitornata427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Trochonema liljevalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochonematidae : Trochonema : Trochonema liljevalli449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Helicotoma griffinorum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Helicotomidae : Helicotoma : Helicotoma griffinorum460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Palaeomphalus olsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Helicotomidae : Palaeomphalus : Palaeomphalus olsoni449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Holopea brucei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Holopeidae : Holopea : Holopea brucei460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Holopea elizabethi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Holopeidae : Holopea : Holopea elizabethi460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Holopea glindmeyeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Holopeidae : Holopea : Holopea glindmeyeri460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Holopea symmetrica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Holopeidae : Holopea : Holopea symmetrica427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Linsleyella johnsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalidae : Linsleyella : Linsleyella johnsoni460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Liospira modesta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Eotomariidae : Liospira : Liospira modesta460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Paraliospira mundula
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Eotomariidae : Paraliospira : Paraliospira mundula460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Ruedemannia lirata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Ruedemannia : Ruedemannia lirata427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Maclurites crassa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Macluritidae : Maclurites : Maclurites crassa466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Maclurites klamathensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Maclureadae : Maclurites : Maclurites klamathensis466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Deacheospira hotzi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Gosseletinidae : Deacheospira : Deacheospira hotzi466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Eotomaria perryi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Eotomariidae : Eotomaria : Eotomaria perryi460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Ophiletina sublaxa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Helicotomidae : Ophiletina : Ophiletina sublaxa466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Donaldiella derwiduii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Donaldiella : Donaldiella derwiduii460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Paraliospira gradata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Eotomariidae : Paraliospira : Paraliospira gradata460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Paraliospira planata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Eotomariidae : Paraliospira : Paraliospira planata460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Cyclonema bilix
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Platyceratidae : Cyclonema : Cyclonema bilix427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Paraliospira helena
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Eotomariidae : Paraliospira : Paraliospira helena460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Globonema niota
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochonematidae : Globonema : Globonema niota460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Raphispira plena
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Holopeidae : Raphispira : Raphispira plena427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Beraunia bifrons
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Oriostomatidae : Beraunia : Beraunia bifrons427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Rotellomphalus tardus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : Planitrochus : Rotellomphalus tardus427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Siskiyouspira vostokovae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalidae : Siskiyouspira : Siskiyouspira vostokovae427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Trochonemella mikulici
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochonematidae : Trochonemella : Trochonemella mikulici460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Poleumita octavia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Euomphalidae : Poleumita : Poleumita octavia427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Murchisonia bilineata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Murchisoniidae : Murchisonia : Murchisonia bilineata427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Modiolus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus237 - 2.588 Ma
Phanerozoic
Selachii
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Selachii11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Cosmopolitodus hastalis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Odontaspidida : Carcharodontidae : Cosmopolitodus : Cosmopolitodus hastalis15.97 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Otodus megalodon
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Otodontidae : Otodus : Otodus megalodon15.97 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Terebratuloidea
superfamily
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebratuloidea150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Mirounga angustirostris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Mirounga : Mirounga angustirostris0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hormotoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Hormotomidae : Hormotoma427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Pectinida
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida86.3 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Patulibracchium
genus
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Patulibracchiidae : Patulibracchium170.3 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Rhizangiidae
family
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Rhizangiidae83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Berardius bairdii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Hyperoodontidae : Berardius : Berardius bairdii0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Nitzschia
genus
Bacillariophyta : Nitzschia0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Nephropidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Nephropidae66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachydiscidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Crustacea
subphylum
Animalia : Arthropoda : Crustacea72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Agariciidae
family
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Agariciidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Isurus oxyrinchus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Isurus : Isurus oxyrinchus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Diodontidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Tetraodontiformes : Diodontidae11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Borophaginae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Borophaginae15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Podiceps auritus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes : Podicipedidae : Podiceps : Podiceps auritus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Phoebastria albatrus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Diomedeidae : Phoebastria : Phoebastria albatrus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Uria
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Alcidae : Uria1.8 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anserinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Anserinae0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anas platyrhynchos
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Anas : Anas platyrhynchos0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Spatula clypeata
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Spatula : Spatula clypeata0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aythya
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Aythya0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aythya affinis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Aythya : Aythya affinis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mergini
tribe
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Mergini15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Melanitta
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Melanitta0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Melanitta perspicillata
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Melanitta : Melanitta perspicillata0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bucephala
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Bucephala0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bucephala albeola
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Bucephala : Bucephala albeola0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mergus serrator
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Mergus : Mergus serrator0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pluvialis squatarola
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Charadriidae : Pluvialis : Pluvialis squatarola0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Calidris
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Calidris0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Glycymeris (Glycymeris)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Glycymeris)100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Fragilaria
genus
Chromista : Ochrophyta : Bacillariophyceae : Fragilariales : Fragilariaceae : Fragilaria0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Picea
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Pinaceae : Picea56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Potamogeton
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Alismatales : Potamogetonaceae : Potamogeton0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Catostomidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Catostomidae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Centrarchidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Centrarchiformes : Centrarchidae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Heteroconchia
infraclass
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Heteroconchia100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Protobranchia
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Protobranchia37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Ostreida
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Chondrites
genus
Chondrites201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Rothpletzella
genus
Bacteria : Cyanobacteria : Cyanophyceae : Rothpletzella427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Pachyoncus
genus
Protozoa : Pachyoncus171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tappanella
genus
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Tappanella166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Desmoceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ammonitina
suborder
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Ammonitina189.6 - 168.4 Ma
Jurassic
Ammonitida
order
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida152.1 - 66 Ma
Mesozoic
Puzosiinae
subfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Puzosiinae113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Darbyella
genus
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Darbyella33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Glyptorthidae
family
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Glyptorthidae466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Tylostoma garzana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Tylostomatidae : Tylostoma : Tylostoma garzana72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Prisconatica hesperia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Prisconatica : Prisconatica hesperia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Acila (Truncacila) princeps
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) princeps72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Turritella xylina
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella xylina100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Turritella petersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella petersoni93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Turritella hearni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella hearni93.9 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Desmiophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Czekanowskiaceae : Desmiophyllum145 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Acila (Truncacila) castrensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) castrensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Nuculana (Nuculana)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana (Nuculana)37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Yoldia cooperii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia cooperii33.9 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Megayoldia montereyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Sareptidae : Megayoldia : Megayoldia montereyensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Kozurium
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Kozurium113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Spondylus bostrychites
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Spondylidae : Spondylus : Spondylus bostrychites5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Anadara (Anadara)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara (Anadara)23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Berriasellinae
subfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Neocomitidae : Berriasellinae152.1 - 132.9 Ma
Mesozoic
Tibetitidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Tibetitidae221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Phylloceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Phylloceras (Hypophylloceras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras : Phylloceras (Hypophylloceras)83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pectinoidea
superfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinoidea221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Chlamys (Chlamys) hastata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) hastata2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Chlamys rubida
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys rubida3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Crassadoma gigantea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Crassadoma : Crassadoma gigantea23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Nodipecten subnodosus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Nodipecten : Nodipecten subnodosus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Parvamussium alaskensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Parvamussium : Parvamussium alaskensis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Chlamys (Chlamys) islandica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) islandica2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Mytilus edulis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus edulis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Artiodactyla
order
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Striatojaponocapsa
genus
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Striatojaponocapsa166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Heteroterma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Heteroterma66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Heteroterma trochoidea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Heteroterma : Heteroterma trochoidea55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene
Orthodon
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae : Orthodon1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Gasterosteidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Perciformes : Gasterosteidae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Neophrontops americanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Neophrontops : Neophrontops americanus1.8 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lithophaginae
subfamily
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Lithophaginae5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Idas
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Idas33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Crepidula praerupta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula : Crepidula praerupta33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Crepidula princeps
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula : Crepidula princeps11.608 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Solena (Plectosolen) conradi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Solena : Solena (Plectosolen) conradi33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Macoma albaria
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma albaria20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Macoma (Macoma) twinensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) twinensis28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Nassarius (Demondia) californianus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : Nassarius (Demondia) californianus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nassarius (Caesia) grammatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Nassarius : Nassarius (Caesia) grammatus23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Architectonica nobilis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectonicidae : Architectonica : Architectonica nobilis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Plicatula (Plicatula) ostreiformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Plicatulidae : Plicatula : Plicatula (Plicatula) ostreiformis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Spondylus carlosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Spondylidae : Spondylus : Spondylus carlosensis56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Spondylus perrini
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Spondylidae : Spondylus : Spondylus perrini28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Spondylus calcifer
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Spondylidae : Spondylus : Spondylus limbatus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Anomia (Anomia) peruviana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Anomia : Anomia (Anomia) peruviana7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Anomia mcgoniglensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Anomia : Anomia mcgoniglensis55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene
Pododesmus macrochisma
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Pododesmus : Pododesmus macrochisma23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Leukoma
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Leukoma23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Acmaea digitalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Lottiidae : Acmaea : Acmaea digitalis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Acmaea mitra
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Acmaeidae : Acmaea : Acmaea mitra11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Calliostoma ligatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Calliostomatidae : Calliostoma : Calliostoma ligatum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Californiconus californicus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Californiconus : Californiconus californicus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Crepidula adunca
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula : Crepidula adunca23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mitra (Atrimitra) idae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mitridae : Mitra : Mitra (Atrimitra) idae5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Turritella cooperi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella cooperi23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dentalium neohexagonum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium : Dentalium neohexagonum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Chama pellucida
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Chamidae : Chama : Chama pellucida5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lucinisca nuttalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinisca : Lucinisca nuttalli11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Solen (Ensisolen) sicarius
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Solen : Solen (Ensisolen) sicarius11.62 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Balanus nubilus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Balanus : Balanus nubilus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lucinoma acutilineata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma : Lucinoma acutilineata33.9 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Mya (Mya) truncata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Mya : Mya (Mya) truncata5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Fusitriton oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ranellidae : Argobuccinum : Fusitriton oregonensis20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Chrysodomus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Chrysodomus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tornatella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Tornatella56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Axinopsis
genus
Axinopsis2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Serripes (Serripes) groenlandicus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Serripes : Serripes (Serripes) groenlandicus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Strophocardia megastropha
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Strophocardia : Strophocardia megastropha5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cyclocardia (Cyclocardia) montereyana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia (Cyclocardia) montereyana15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cyclocardia (Cyclocardia) californica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia (Cyclocardia) californica23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Venericor planicosta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericor planicosta56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Turritella pittsburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella pittsburgensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cryptonatica pittsburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Cryptonatica : Cryptonatica pittsburgensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Polinices washingtonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Polinices : Polinices washingtonensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Neverita (Glossaulax) thomsonae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Neverita : Neverita (Glossaulax) thomsonae38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Molopophorus gabbi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Molopophorus : Molopophorus gabbi33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Perse pittsburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Perse : Perse pittsburgensis38 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Aforia campbelli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cochlespiridae : Aforia : Aforia campbelli28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Scaphander stewarti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Scaphandridae : Scaphander : Scaphander stewarti28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Dentalium (Fissidentalium) laneensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium : Dentalium (Fissidentalium) laneensis48.6 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Nucula (Leionucula) vokesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula (Leionucula) vokesi28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Felaniella (Felaniella) snavelyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Felaniella (Felaniella) snavelyi28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Plesiosaurus hesternus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Plesiosauridae : Plesiosaurus : Plesiosaurus hesternus152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) domenginica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Glyptoactis : Glyptoactis (Claibornicardia) domenginica47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Megacardita (Venericor) aragonia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Megacardita (Venericor) aragonia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Venericardia (Pacificor) hornii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia (Pacificor) hornii48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Palinuridae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Palinuridae48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Pycnodonte (Pycnodonte)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Pycnodonte : Pycnodonte (Pycnodonte)72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Acutostrea idriaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Flemingostreidae : Acutostrea : Acutostrea idriaensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Striostrea bourgeoisii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Striostrea : Striostrea bourgeoisii33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Crassostrea titan
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Crassostrea : Crassostrea titan15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Crassostrea ashleyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Crassostrea : Crassostrea ashleyi23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Dendostrea vespertina
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Dendostrea : Dendostrea vespertina7.246 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Lopha (Lopha) veatchii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Lopha : Lopha (Lopha) veatchii5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Aquila chrysaetos
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Aquila : Aquila chrysaetos0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tyto alba
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Tytonidae : Tyto : Tyto alba0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bulla striata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Bullidae : Bulla : Bulla striata7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Eccyliopterus regularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lesueurillidae : Eccyliopterus : Eccyliopterus regularis466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Biformispira isaacsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalidae : Biformispira : Biformispira isaacsoni419.2 - 393.3 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Goniostropha bachelieri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Murchisoniidae : Murchisonia : Goniostropha bachelieri427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Bullamirifica ainiktos
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Bullamirifica : Bullamirifica ainiktos83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Conasprelloides planiliratus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conasprelloides : Conasprelloides planiliratus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Galeocerdo aduncus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Galeocerdo : Galeocerdo aduncus15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Otariidae
family
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Otariidae15.97 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Thracia (Cetothrax) condoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia (Cetothrax) condoni33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Dielasma bovidens
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Dielasmatidae : Dielasma : Dielasma bovidens358.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Tayassuinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Tayassuinae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Anura
order
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Anura15.97 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Concavus concavus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Concavus : Concavus concavus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Isognomon (Isognomon)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Isognomon : Isognomon (Isognomon)48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Goniobasis
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleuroceridae : Goniobasis59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Hiatella (Hiatella) arctica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Hiatella : Hiatella (Hiatella) arctica2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Here excavata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Here : Here excavata38 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Glycymeris (Axinola) septentrionalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Axinola) septentrionalis13.82 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Macoma (Macoma) calcarea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) calcarea5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Macoma inquinata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma inquinata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tresus pajaroanus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Tresus : Tresus pajaroanus3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia (Kalayoldia) oregona
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Kalayoldia) oregona28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolatus rectus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolatus : Modiolatus rectus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Siliqua patula
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Pharidae : Siliqua : Siliqua patula0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pandora grandis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pandorida : Pandoridae : Pandora : Pandora grandis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cryptomya californica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Myidae : Cryptomya : Cryptomya californica23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Thyasira folgeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Thyasira : Thyasira folgeri33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Tivela (Pachydesma) inezana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Tivela : Tivela (Pachydesma) inezana23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Solena (Eosolen) lorenzana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solena (Eosolen) lorenzana37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Mactromeris rushi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris rushi56 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Mactromeris muliniaformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris muliniaformis48.6 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Turritella lorenzana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella lorenzana33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Arca (Anadara) santana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Arca (Anadara) santana23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dosinia santana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia santana23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lucina wattsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina wattsi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Terebra santana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Terebra : Terebra santana23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ocenebra milicentana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Ocenebra : Ocenebra milicentana23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Potamides sespeensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Potamididae : Potamides : Potamides sespeensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Olivella santana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella : Olivella santana23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Crepidula diminutiva
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula : Crepidula diminutiva23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Astraea (Pomaulax) morani
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Astraea : Astraea (Pomaulax) morani28.1 - 20.44 Ma
Cenozoic
Tagelus clarki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Solecurtidae : Tagelus : Tagelus clarki15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Siphonalia andersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Siphonalia : Siphonalia andersoni33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Bullaria
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Bullaria93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mesalia martinezensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Mesalia : Mesalia martinezensis61.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Mesalia clarki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Mesalia : Mesalia clarki61.6 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Pecten (Vola)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten (Vola)201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Acanthocardia (Schedocardia)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Acanthocardia : Acanthocardia (Schedocardia)48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Miltha
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Agaronia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olivellidae : Agaronia48.6 - 3.6 Ma
Cenozoic
Chlamys (Chlamys) albida
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys (Chlamys) albida5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Diplodonta parilis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta parilis33.9 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Saccella taphria
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella : Saccella taphria23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pycnodonte (Crenostrea) eldridgei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Pycnodonte : Pycnodonte (Crenostrea) eldridgei23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Tellina (Angulus) jollaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Angulus : Tellina (Angulus) jollaensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Tellina (Megangulus) kewi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Megangulus) kewi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Tellina (Phyllodina) lebecki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Phyllodina) lebecki48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Tellina (Eurytellina) lorenzoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Eurytellina : Tellina (Eurytellina) lorenzoensis38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Tellina remondii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina remondii59.2 - 38 Ma
Paleogene
Tellina soledadensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina soledadensis56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Litorhadia washingtonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Litorhadia : Litorhadia washingtonensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Calyptraea diegoana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea : Calyptraea diegoana59.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Crepidula ungana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula : Crepidula ungana48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Acila (Truncacila) muta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) muta28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Crenomytilus arnoldi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Crenomytilus arnoldi33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Crenomytilus mathewsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Crenomytilus mathewsoni33.9 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Crenomytilus expansus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Crenomytilus expansus28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Miltha (Miltha) sanctaecrucis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha : Miltha (Miltha) sanctaecrucis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Felaniella (Felaniella) harfordi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Felaniella (Felaniella) harfordi23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Solena (Plectosolen) gravidus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Solena : Solena (Plectosolen) gravidus15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Tellina (Olcesia) piercei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Olcesia) piercei23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Macoma (Psammacoma) arctata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Psammacoma : Macoma (Psammacoma) arctata23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Psammotreta (Leporimetis) rostellata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Psammotreta : Psammotreta (Leporimetis) rostellata56 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Amiantis mathewsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Amiantis : Amiantis mathewsoni38 - 5.333 Ma
Cenozoic
Clementia (Egesta) pertenuis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Clementia : Clementia (Egesta) pertenuis100.5 - 5.333 Ma
Phanerozoic
Dosinia (Dosinia) whitneyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia (Dosinia) whitneyi28.4 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Panopea ramonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Panopea : Panopea ramonensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Aequipecten andersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Aequipecten : Aequipecten andersoni23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lyropecten crassicardo
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Lyropecten : Lyropecten crassicardo15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Nodipecten estrellanus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Nodipecten : Nodipecten estrellanus23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Vertipecten
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Vertipecten28.1 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Trachycardium (Trachycardium) vaquerosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Trachycardium : Trachycardium (Trachycardium) vaquerosensis28.1 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Chione (Chionopsis) temblorensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Chionopsis : Chione (Chionopsis) temblorensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Chione (Chionopsis) richthofeni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Chionopsis : Chione (Chionopsis) richthofeni23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Lucinoma hannibali
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma : Lucinoma hannibali28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Lucinoma annulatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucinoma : Lucinoma annulatum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Claibornites (Claibornites) diegoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Claibornites : Claibornites (Claibornites) diegoensis55.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Leptaeninae
subfamily
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Rafinesquinidae : Leptaeninae419.2 - 410.8 Ma
Early/Lower Devonian
Cathartes aura
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Cathartiformes : Cathartidae : Cathartes : Cathartes aura0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pseudoglandulina
genus
Foraminifera : Pseudoglandulina37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pagophilus groenlandica
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Pagophilus : Pagophilus groenlandica2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Emys marmorata
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Emydidae : Emys : Emys marmorata10.3 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Puffinus priscus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Procellariidae : Puffinus : Puffinus priscus15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Puffinus mitchelli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Procellariidae : Puffinus : Puffinus mitchelli15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Antigone canadensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Gruidae : Antigone : Antigone canadensis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Acila (Truncacila) demessa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) demessa89.8 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Polystira barretti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Polystira : Polystira barretti5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Terebra protexta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Terebra : Terebra protexta5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Narona clavatula
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Narona : Narona clavatula5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clinocardium (Ciliatocardium) ciliatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Ciliatocardium : Clinocardium (Ciliatocardium) ciliatum5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Macoma balthica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma balthica5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Gemmula
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Gemmula48.6 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Olivella (Callianax) biplicata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella : Olivella (Callianax) biplicata3.6 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Receptaculites
genus
Chlorophyta : Chlorophyceae : Receptaculitidae : Receptaculites419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Neoparadoxia repenningi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostyloidea : Paleoparadoxiidae : Neoparadoxia : Neoparadoxia repenningi13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Cryptonatica affinis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Cryptonatica : Cryptonatica affinis20.44 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Saccella packardi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella : Saccella packardi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Neotoma (Paraneotoma)
subgenus
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Neotoma : Neotoma (Paraneotoma)1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Nevadaphyllites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juraphyllitidae : Nevadaphyllites196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Subcancilla sulcata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mitridae : Subcancilla : Subcancilla sulcata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Curtitoma violacea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Curtitoma : Curtitoma violacea2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Brachidontes (Brachidontes)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Brachidontes : Brachidontes (Brachidontes)41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Acrilla (Ferminoscala) dickersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Scalina : Acrilla (Ferminoscala) dickersoni38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Epitonium : Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Exilia bentsonae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Ptychatractidae : Exilia : Exilia bentsonae38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Ficopsis meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ficidae : Ficopsis : Ficopsis meganosensis56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Latirus roseburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Latirus : Latirus roseburgensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Strophomena (Strophodonta)
subgenus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophodontidae : Strophomena (Strophodonta)419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Ardea herodias
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae : Ardea : Ardea herodias0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Branta canadensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Branta : Branta canadensis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Crassistella juvavica
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pamiroseriidae : Crassistella : Crassistella juvavica221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Tethysetta boesii
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Tethysetta : Tethysetta boesii145 - 139.8 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Arrhoges
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Arrhoges93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Terebellum (Terebellum)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Terebellum : Terebellum (Terebellum)56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Hsuum rutogense
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Hsuum : Hsuum rutogense166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hsuum maxwelli
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Hsuum : Hsuum maxwelli167.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Mirifusus guadalupensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus : Mirifusus guadalupensis168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Stichocapsa convexa
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Stichocapsa : Stichocapsa convexa170.3 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Williriedellum madstonense
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Williriedellum : Williriedellum madstonense170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Kelletia (Kelletia) kelletii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Kelletia : Kelletia (Kelletia) kelletii5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Terebra (Myurella) martini
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Terebra : Terebra (Myurella) martini5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Panopea intermedia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Panopea : Panopea intermedia2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Morenosaurus stocki
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Elasmosauridae : Morenosaurus : Morenosaurus stocki72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Polinices (Polinices)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Polinices : Polinices (Polinices)59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Turritella ocoyana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella ocoyana15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Unuma typicus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Unumidae : Unuma : Unuma typicus170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Unuma gordus
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Unumidae : Unuma : Unuma gordus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Natica recluziana
species
Natica recluziana37.2 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Astraeomorpha crassisepta
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Thamnasteriidae : Astraeomorpha : Astraeomorpha crassisepta221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Astraeomorpha confusa
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Astraeomorphidae : Astraeomorpha : Astraeomorpha confusa221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Retiophyllia norica
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Retiophyllia : Retiophyllia norica221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Retiophyllia oppeli
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Retiophyllia : Retiophyllia oppeli228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Meandrostylis vancouverensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylophyllidae : Maeandrostylis : Meandrostylis vancouverensis221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Distichophyllia norica
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Distichophyllia : Distichophyllia norica228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Dasmia americana
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Dasmia : Dasmia americana41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Stichopsammia vokesi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Stichopsammia : Stichopsammia vokesi41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Flabellum clarki
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum : Flabellum clarki41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Trochocyathus imperialis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Trochocyathus : Trochocyathus imperialis56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Trochocyathus crooki
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Trochocyathus : Trochocyathus crooki56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Trochocyathus nomlandi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Trochocyathus : Trochocyathus nomlandi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Stephanophyllia californica
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Micrabaciidae : Stephanophyllia : Stephanophyllia californica56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Caryophyllia capayensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Caryophyllia : Caryophyllia capayensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Madracis wellsi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Madracis : Madracis wellsi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Turbinolia capayasensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Turbinoliidae : Turbinolia : Turbinolia capayasensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Myriophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Saxifragales : Haloragaceae : Myriophyllum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pamiroseris rectilamellosa
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pamiroseriidae : Pamiroseris : Pamiroseris rectilamellosa221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Gablonzeria profunda
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Gablonzeriidae : Gablonzeria : Gablonzeria profunda221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Kuhnastraea incrassata
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Kuhnastraea : Kuhnastraea incrassata221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Kuhnastraea decussata
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Kuhnastraea : Kuhnastraea decussata221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ampakabastraea cowichanensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pamiroseriidae : Ampakabastraea : Ampakabastraea cowichanensis221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Fistulella
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Fistulella427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Ludlovia
genus
Cyanobacteria : Ludlovia427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Sphaerina
genus
Cyanobacteria : Sphaerina427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Hecetaphyton
genus
Bacteria : Cyanobacteria : Hecetaphyton427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Provanna
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Provannidae : Provanna28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Girtyocoelia epiporata
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Girtyocoeliidae : Girtyocoelia : Girtyocoelia epiporata449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Hesperotestudo
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae : Hesperotestudo15.97 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Shastaphyllum schucherti
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ptenophyllidae : Shastaphyllum : Shastaphyllum schucherti427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Klamathastraea dilleri
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Endophyllidae : Klamathastraea : Klamathastraea dilleri427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Petrozium staufferi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Entelophyllidae : Petrozium : Petrozium staufferi427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Cyathactis gazellensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ptychophyllidae : Cyathactis : Cyathactis gazellensis427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Wintunastraea stanleyi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Kyphophyllidae : Wintunastraea : Wintunastraea stanleyi427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Colpophyllia reagani
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Colpophyllia : Colpophyllia reagani56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Kyphophyllum greggi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Arachnophyllidae : Kyphophyllum : Kyphophyllum greggi427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Pachycrommium clarki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Pachycrommium : Pachycrommium clarki56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Perissityidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Perissityidae89.8 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pitar (Lamelliconcha)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitar : Pitar (Lamelliconcha)56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Persististrombus obliteratus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Persististrombus : Persististrombus obliteratus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pachydiscus (Neodesmoceras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Pachydiscus (Neodesmoceras)70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eumedlicottia burckhardti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Prolecanitida : Medlicottiidae : Eumedlicottia : Eumedlicottia burckhardti268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Agathiceras girtyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Agathiceratidae : Agathiceras : Agathiceras girtyi268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Stacheoceras gemmellaroi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Vidrioceratidae : Stacheoceras : Stacheoceras gemmellaroi268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Waagenoceras dieneri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Cyclolobidae : Waagenoceras : Waagenoceras dieneri268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Paraceltites rectangularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Paraceltitidae : Paraceltites : Paraceltites rectangularis268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Skenidiidae
family
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Protorthida : Skenidiidae466 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Gablonzeria grandiosa
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Gablonzeriidae : Gablonzeria : Gablonzeria grandiosa221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Cuifia marmorea
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Cuifia : Cuifia marmorea221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Paracuifia smithi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Paracuifia : Paracuifia smithi221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Paracuifia anomala
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Paracuifia : Paracuifia anomala221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Pamiroseris borealis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pamiroseriidae : Pamiroseris : Pamiroseris borealis221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Eutrephoceras marksi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Eutrephoceras : Eutrephoceras marksi41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Hercoglossa merriami
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Hercoglossidae : Hercoglossa : Hercoglossa merriami59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Oxyura jamaicensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Oxyura : Oxyura jamaicensis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Buteo jamaicensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Buteo : Buteo jamaicensis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Buteo lineatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Buteo : Buteo lineatus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Desmophyllites diphylloides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Desmophyllites : Desmophyllites diphylloides89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Calycoceras (Calycoceras) naviculare
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Acanthoceratidae : Calycoceras : Calycoceras (Calycoceras) naviculare105.3 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Scaphites hippocrepis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Scaphitidae : Scaphites : Scaphites hippocrepis86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lytoceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sula willetti
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Sulidae : Sula : Sula willetti15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Charadrius vociferus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Charadriidae : Charadrius : Charadrius vociferus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tringa semipalmata
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Tringa : Tringa semipalmata0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Buchia terebratuloides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Buchia : Buchia terebratuloides152.1 - 132.9 Ma
Mesozoic
Waagenophyllum klamathensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Waagenophyllidae : Waagenophyllum : Waagenophyllum klamathensis259.9 - 254.17 Ma
Permian
Didymoceras hornbyense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Nostoceratidae : Didymoceras : Didymoceras hornbyense83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Desmoceras : Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella)100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Baculites anceps
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Baculitidae : Baculites : Baculites anceps83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anagaudryceras sacya
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Anagaudryceras : Anagaudryceras sacya113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus)70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus) ootacodensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus) ootacodensis83.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Homolsomites
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Homolsomites140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Phyllopachyceras trinitense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Phyllopachyceras : Phyllopachyceras trinitense132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Wellsia packardi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Wellsia : Wellsia packardi136.4 - 130 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Kilianella crassiplicata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Neocomitidae : Kilianella : Kilianella crassiplicata140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Spitidiscus oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Holcodiscidae : Spitidiscus : Spitidiscus oregonensis132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Drepanochilus
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Drepanochilus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Odontaspis macrota
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Lamniformes : Odontaspididae : Odontaspis : Odontaspis macrota41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Spathognathodus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Spathognathodus419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Hoplocrioceras remondi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Acrioceratidae : Hoplocrioceras : Hoplocrioceras remondi132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Gavia immer
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gaviiformes : Gaviidae : Gavia : Gavia immer0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Aythya valisineria
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Aythya : Aythya valisineria0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Haliaeetus : Haliaeetus leucocephalus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Falco sparverius
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Falco : Falco sparverius0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Corvus corax
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Corvidae : Corvus : Corvus corax0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Hypophylloceras (Neophylloceras) ramosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Neophylloceras : Hypophylloceras (Neophylloceras) ramosum89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Belemnoida
superorder
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Belemnoida183 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Phalacrocorax auritus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax : Phalacrocorax auritus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Phalacrocorax penicillatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax : Phalacrocorax penicillatus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cimbrophlebia
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Cimbrophlebiidae : Cimbrophlebia56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Elgaria multicarinata
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Anguidae : Gerrhonotus : Elgaria multicarinata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Teratornis merriami
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Cathartiformes : Cathartidae : Teratornis : Teratornis merriami0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Gymnogyps californianus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Cathartiformes : Cathartidae : Gymnogyps : Gymnogyps californianus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Retiophyllia clathrata
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Retiophyllia : Retiophyllia clathrata221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Retiophyllia delicatula
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Reimaniphylliidae : Retiophyllia : Retiophyllia delicatula221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Parapavo
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae : Parapavo0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Megaspilidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Megaspilidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Proctotrupidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Proctotrupidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Heloridae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Heloridae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Diapriinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Diapriinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Echinophoria dalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cassidae : Echinophoria : Echinophoria dalli38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Phacelostylophyllum zitteli
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Stylophyllidae : Phacelostylophyllum : Phacelostylophyllum zitteli221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Palaeopsammia zitteli
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Guyniidae : Palaeopsammia : Palaeopsammia zitteli61.6 - 48.6 Ma
Paleogene
Nelltia roddana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Nelltia : Nelltia roddana100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Willimactra (Petromactra) mathewsonii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Willimactra : Willimactra (Petromactra) mathewsonii83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Meekia) iberica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Meekia) iberica100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Meekia) radiata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Meekia) radiata100.5 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Meekia) louella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Meekia) louella89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Meekia) sella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Meekia) sella72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Mygallia) takeoana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Mygallia) takeoana93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Mygallia) lirata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Mygallia) lirata93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Mygallia) mygale
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Mygallia) mygale86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Mygallia) bella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Mygallia) bella83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meekia (Mygallia) daileyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tancrediidae : Meekia : Meekia (Mygallia) daileyi83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Biplica michaeli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : Biplica : Biplica michaeli113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Biplica isoplicata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : Biplica : Biplica isoplicata100.5 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Biplica obliqua
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectibranchia : Ringiculidae : Biplica : Biplica obliqua89.8 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Biplica miniplicata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Ringiculidae : Biplica : Biplica miniplicata72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hypophylloceras (Neophylloceras) hetonaiense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Neophylloceras : Hypophylloceras (Neophylloceras) hetonaiense72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Neohindeodella
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Conodontophorida : Neohindeodella242 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Chendytes lawi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Chendytes : Chendytes lawi0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Tonsala hildegardae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Plotopteridae : Tonsala : Tonsala hildegardae33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Francisciconcha maslennikovi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Trochidae : Francisciconcha : Francisciconcha maslennikovi190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Siboglinidae
family
Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Siboglinidae190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Zimmerella
genus
Animalia : Bryozoa : Gymnolaemata : Cheilostomatida : Chiplonkarinidae : Zimmerella93.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cleoniceras (Grycia) perezianum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Grycia : Cleoniceras (Grycia) perezianum109 - 105.3 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mytiloides labiatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Mytiloides : Mytiloides labiatus100.5 - 89.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mytiloides mytiloides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Mytiloides : Mytiloides mytiloides93.5 - 89.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Flabellum californicum
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum : Flabellum californicum56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Gaudryceras kayei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras : Gaudryceras kayei70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Waagenoceras girtyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Cyclolobidae : Waagenoceras : Waagenoceras girtyi268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Baculites inornatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Baculitidae : Baculites : Baculites inornatus89.8 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Malea ringens
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Tonnidae : Malea : Malea ringens7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Nostoceras splendidum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Nostoceratidae : Nostoceras : Nostoceras splendidum72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Euomphaloceras septemseriatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Acanthoceratidae : Euomphaloceras : Euomphaloceras septemseriatum100.5 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) sulcatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Actinoceramus : Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) sulcatus112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cleoniceras dilleri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hoplitidae : Cleoniceras : Cleoniceras dilleri112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Megatrigonia (Apiotrigonia) condoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Megatrigonia : Megatrigonia (Apiotrigonia) condoni113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) subsulcatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Actinoceramus : Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) subsulcatus113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) salomoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Actinoceramus : Inoceramus (Actinoceramus) salomoni112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Protexanites thompsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Collignoniceratidae : Protexanites : Protexanites thompsoni89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Neopuzosia ishikawai
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Neopuzosia : Neopuzosia ishikawai89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aechmophorus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes : Podicipedidae : Aechmophorus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dielasma millepunctatum
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Dielasmatidae : Dielasma : Dielasma millepunctatum358.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Branta woolfendeni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Branta : Branta woolfendeni15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Gaudryceras tenuiliratum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras : Gaudryceras tenuiliratum83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Baculites occidentalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Baculitidae : Baculites : Baculites occidentalis83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Damesites hetonaiensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Damesites : Damesites hetonaiensis70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tetragonites glabrus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Tetragonitidae : Tetragonites : Tetragonites glabrus93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kalolophus antillarum
species
Kalolophus : Kalolophus antillarum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cyclocorystes aldersoni
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Acidopsidae : Cyclocorystes : Cyclocorystes aldersoni59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Lophopanopeus baldwini
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Panopeidae : Lophopanopeus : Lophopanopeus baldwini56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Zanthopsis rathbunae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Zanthopsidae : Zanthopsis : Zanthopsis rathbunae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Archaeopus antennatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Goneplacidae : Archaeopus : Archaeopus antennatus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Figitidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Figitidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Siderastrea mendenhalli
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Siderastreidae : Siderastrea : Siderastrea mendenhalli5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Leptothorax
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Leptothorax56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Myrmica
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Myrmica0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Sphecidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Sphecidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Robulus
genus
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Robulus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Nodosaria longiscata
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Nodosaria : Nodosaria longiscata41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Hydrophilus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Hydrophilidae : Hydrophilus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eocomoseris ramosa
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Microsolenidae : Eocomoseris : Eocomoseris ramosa221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Linga (Pleurolucina)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Linga : Linga (Pleurolucina)5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Deltocyathus whitei
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Deltocyathidae : Deltocyathus : Deltocyathus whitei58.7 - 55.8 Ma
Paleogene
Turbinolia dickersoni
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Turbinoliidae : Turbinolia : Turbinolia dickersoni56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Flabellum oregonense
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Flabellidae : Flabellum : Flabellum oregonense33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Montipora schencki
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Montipora : Montipora schencki56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Astreopora sanjuanensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Acroporidae : Astreopora : Astreopora sanjuanensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Madracis stewarti
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Madracis : Madracis stewarti56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Dimorphastrea vaughani
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Latomeandridae : Dimorphastrea : Dimorphastrea vaughani56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Turbinolia quaylei
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Turbinoliidae : Turbinolia : Turbinolia quaylei56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Madracis crescentensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pocilloporidae : Madracis : Madracis crescentensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Petrophyllia weaveri
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Oculinidae : Petrophyllia : Petrophyllia weaveri33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Dendrophyllia hannibali
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Dendrophyllia : Dendrophyllia hannibali33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Nerita (Theliostyla) triangulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neritidae : Nerita : Nerita (Theliostyla) triangulata48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Coenocyathus hannibali
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Coenocyathus : Coenocyathus hannibali38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Siderastrea vancouverensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Siderastreidae : Siderastrea : Siderastrea vancouverensis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Deltocyathus insperatus
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Deltocyathidae : Deltocyathus : Deltocyathus insperatus28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Caryophyllia wynoocheensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Caryophyllia : Caryophyllia wynoocheensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Neptunea lyrata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Neptunea : Neptunea lyrata2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Sassafras
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Laurales : Lauraceae : Sassafras56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Amelanchier
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rosaceae : Amelanchier0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Crataegus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rosaceae : Crataegus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Prunus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rosaceae : Prunus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Rosa
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Rosales : Rosaceae : Rosa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dipteronia
genus
Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Aceraceae : Dipteronia56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Koelreuteria
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Sapindaceae : Koelreuteria56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Vitis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Vitales : Vitaceae : Vitis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Rhododendron
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ericales : Ericaceae : Rhododendron56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Miltha packi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha : Miltha packi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Tejonia hendoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Tejonia : Tejonia hendoni56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Turritella uvasana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella uvasana56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Crenaturricula crenatospira
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Turricula : Crenaturricula crenatospira56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Acaeniotyle umbilicata
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Acaeniotyle : Acaeniotyle umbilicata150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Crossata ventricosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Bursidae : Crossata : Crossata ventricosa2.588 - 0.781 Ma
Pleistocene
Acanthocircus suboblongus
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Saturnalidae : Acanthocircus : Acanthocircus suboblongus171.6 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Acanthocircus trizonalis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Saturnalidae : Acanthocircus : Acanthocircus trizonalis150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Angulobracchia purisimaensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Angulobracchia : Angulobracchia purisimaensis166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Archaeospongoprunum cortinaensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum : Archaeospongoprunum cortinaensis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Archaeospongoprunum elegans
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum : Archaeospongoprunum elegans166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Archaeospongoprunum imlayi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum : Archaeospongoprunum imlayi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Archaeospongoprunum klingi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum : Archaeospongoprunum klingi113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Archaeospongoprunum carrierensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum : Archaeospongoprunum carrierensis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Bernoullius dicera
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Gomberellidae : Bernoullius : Bernoullius dicera166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Crucella theokaftensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Crucella : Crucella theokaftensis166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Deviatus hipposidericus
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Deviatus : Deviatus hipposidericus171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Emiluvia chica
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Emiluviidae : Emiluvia : Emiluvia chica166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Emiluvia hopsoni
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Emiluviidae : Emiluvia : Emiluvia hopsoni171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Emiluvia pessagnoi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Emiluviidae : Emiluvia : Emiluvia pessagnoi150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Emiluvia premyogii
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Emiluviidae : Emiluvia : Emiluvia premyogii171.6 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Gorgansium pulchrum
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Gorgansium : Gorgansium pulchrum166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Higumastra imbricata
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Higumastra : Higumastra imbricata167.7 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Higumastra inflata
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Higumastra : Higumastra inflata167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Homoeoparonaella elegans
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Patulibracchiidae : Homoeoparonaella : Homoeoparonaella elegans150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Homoeoparonaella gigantea
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Patulibracchiidae : Homoeoparonaella : Homoeoparonaella gigantea150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Pantanellium foveatum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium : Pantanellium foveatum171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Pantanellium josephinense
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium : Pantanellium josephinense171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Pantanellium meraceibaense
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium : Pantanellium meraceibaense167.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Pantanellium squinaboli
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium : Pantanellium squinaboli150.8 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Paronaella bandyi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Paronaella : Paronaella bandyi171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Paronaella broennimanni
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Paronaella : Paronaella broennimanni167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Paronaella solanoensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Paronaella : Paronaella solanoensis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Parvivacca simplex
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Parvivacca : Parvivacca simplex150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Praeconosphaera spinosa
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Praeconosphaera : Praeconosphaera spinosa150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Tetraditryma corralitosensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Tetraditryma : Tetraditryma corralitosensis171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Tetraditryma praeplena
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Tetraditryma : Tetraditryma praeplena171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Tetraditryma pseudoplena
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Tetraditryma : Tetraditryma pseudoplena166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Triactoma blakei
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Triactoma : Triactoma blakei155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Triactoma jonesi
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Triactoma : Triactoma jonesi168.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Tripocyclia mascula
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Tripocyclia : Tripocyclia mascula150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Triactoma kellumi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Triactoma : Triactoma kellumi150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Tritrabs casmaliaensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Tritrabs : Tritrabs casmaliaensis150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Tritrabs ewingi
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Tritrabs : Tritrabs ewingi168.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Tritrabs exotica
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Tritrabs : Tritrabs exotica150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Tritrabs hayi
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Tritrabs : Tritrabs hayi171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tritrabs rhododactylus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Tritrabs : Tritrabs rhododactylus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Vallupus hopsoni
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Vallupus : Vallupus hopsoni150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Xiphostylus gasquetensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Xiphostylus : Xiphostylus gasquetensis171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Archaeodictyomitra apiarium
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Archaeodictyomitra : Archaeodictyomitra apiarium140.2 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Archaeodictyomitra rigida
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Archaeodictyomitra : Archaeodictyomitra rigida166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Eucyrtidiellum ptyctum
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiellidae : Eucyrtidiellum : Eucyrtidiellum ptyctum167.7 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Eucyrtidiellum unumaense
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiellidae : Eucyrtidiellum : Eucyrtidiellum unumaense190.8 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Holocryptocanium barbui
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Holocryptocanium : Holocryptocanium barbui99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hsuum mclaughlini
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Hsuum : Hsuum mclaughlini150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Mirifusus chenodes
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus : Mirifusus chenodes150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Mirifusus fragilis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus : Mirifusus fragilis168.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Mirifusus mediodilatatus
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus : Mirifusus mediodilatatus166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Mirifusus baileyi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Mirifusus : Mirifusus baileyi155.7 - 136.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Napora bukryi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora : Napora bukryi150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Napora durhami
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora : Napora durhami113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Napora latissima
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora : Napora latissima150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Napora pyramidalis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora : Napora pyramidalis171.6 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Obesacapsula morroensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Spongocapsulidae : Obesacapsula : Obesacapsula morroensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Palinandromeda podbielensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Amphipyndacidae : Palinandromeda : Palinandromeda podbielensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Parvicingula dhimenaensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula dhimenaensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Parvicingula jonesi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula jonesi150.8 - 139.8 Ma
Mesozoic
Perispyridium ordinarium
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Eptingiidae : Perispyridium : Perispyridium ordinarium166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Podobursa helvetica
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Podobursa : Podobursa helvetica166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Podocapsa amphitreptera
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Podocapsa : Podocapsa amphitreptera150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Praeparvicingula discors
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula discors166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Protunuma japonicus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Unumidae : Protunuma : Protunuma japonicus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Ristola altissima
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Ristola : Ristola altissima166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ristola procera
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Ristola : Ristola procera171.6 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tetracapsa horokanaiensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Eucyrtiidae : Tetracapsa : Tetracapsa horokanaiensis155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Spongocapsula dumitricai
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Spongocapsulidae : Spongocapsula : Spongocapsula dumitricai170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Spongocapsula palmerae
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Spongocapsulidae : Spongocapsula : Spongocapsula palmerae167.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Stichomitra takanoensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Stichomitra : Stichomitra takanoensis166.1 - 150.8 Ma
Jurassic
Stichocapsa japonica
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Eucyrtidiidae : Stichocapsa : Stichocapsa japonica170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Thanarla brouweri
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Thanarla : Thanarla brouweri140.2 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Thanarla elegantissima
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Thanarla : Thanarla elegantissima99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Unuma echinatus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Unumidae : Unuma : Unuma echinatus170.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Williriedellum carpathicum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Williriedellum : Williriedellum carpathicum166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Acastea bipes
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Acastea : Acastea bipes150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Crucella magna
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Crucella : Crucella magna150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Neoparonaella delicata
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Neoparonaella : Neoparonaella delicata150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Pantanellium deflectum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium : Pantanellium deflectum150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Paronaella obesa
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Paronaella : Paronaella obesa150.8 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Protovallupus tetlamaensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Protovallupus : Protovallupus tetlamaensis150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Suna harperi
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Suna : Suna harperi166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Caneta hsui
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Caneta : Caneta hsui155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Darvelus pessagnoi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Darvelus : Darvelus pessagnoi150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Darvelus primus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Darvelus : Darvelus primus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Napora pacifica
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora : Napora pacifica150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula blowi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula blowi155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula bluefordae
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula bluefordae150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula colemani
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula colemani155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula deadhorsensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula deadhorsensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula excelsa
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula excelsa155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parvicingula sanfilippoae
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula sanfilippoae150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula gracila
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula gracila150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula satura
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula satura150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula turrita
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula turrita150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula yehae
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula yehae150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Praeparvicingula holdsworthi
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula holdsworthi150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Praeparvicingula rotunda
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula rotunda150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Praeparvicingula gemmata
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula gemmata150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Euvola keepi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Euvola : Euvola keepi7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Oxytoma inequivalvis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Oxytomidae : Oxytoma : Oxytoma inequivalvis201.3 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Ectomaria callahanensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Ectomaria : Ectomaria callahanensis460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Dallocardia : Trachycardium (Dallocardia) quadragenarium23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Accipiter cooperii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Accipiter : Accipiter cooperii0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Falco mexicanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Falco : Falco mexicanus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Bubo virginianus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Bubo : Bubo virginianus0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Asio
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Asio0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Asio flammeus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Asio : Asio flammeus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dosinia (Dosinia) ponderosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia (Dosinia) ponderosa5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyathodonta undulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciidae : Cyathodonta : Cyathodonta undulata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Nodipecten cerrosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Nodipecten : Nodipecten cerrosensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Perispyridium gujohachimanense
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Eptingiidae : Perispyridium : Perispyridium gujohachimanense171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Higumastra transversa
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Higumastra : Higumastra transversa167.7 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tetraditryma coldspringensis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Tetraditryma : Tetraditryma coldspringensis171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tritrabs worzeli
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Tritrabidae : Tritrabs : Tritrabs worzeli150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Leugeo ordinarius
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Leugeo : Leugeo ordinarius166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Trillus elkhornensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Trillus : Trillus elkhornensis190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Angulobracchia bulbosa
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Angulobracchia : Angulobracchia bulbosa150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Archaeospongoprunum praeimlayi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum : Archaeospongoprunum praeimlayi171.6 - 164.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Acanthocircus carinatus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Saturnalidae : Acanthocircus : Acanthocircus carinatus168.3 - 166.1 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Hsuum brevicostatum
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Hsuum : Hsuum brevicostatum171.6 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Praeparvicingula decora
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Praeparvicingula : Praeparvicingula decora170.3 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Williriedellum frequens
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Williriedellum : Williriedellum frequens155.7 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Canelonus conus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Canelonus : Canelonus conus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Palinandromeda fimbria
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Amphipyndacidae : Palinandromeda : Palinandromeda fimbria166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Triversus fastigatus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Amphipyndacidae : Triversus : Triversus fastigatus150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Pantanellium rarum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Pantanelliidae : Pantanellium : Pantanellium rarum150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Emiluvia lowercoonensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Emiluviidae : Emiluvia : Emiluvia lowercoonensis168.3 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Higumastra devilsgapensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Higumastra : Higumastra devilsgapensis166.1 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Paronaella coalescenda
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Paronaella : Paronaella coalescenda150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Paronaella inornata
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Angulobracchiidae : Paronaella : Paronaella inornata150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Orbiculiformella teres
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Orbiculiformidae : Orbiculiformella : Orbiculiformella teres150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula corona
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula corona150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parvicingula gorda
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula gorda150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Podobursa spinosa
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Podobursa : Podobursa spinosa166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Parahsuum simplum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Parahsuum : Parahsuum simplum190.8 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Lobothyris punctata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Lobothyrididae : Lobothyris : Lobothyris punctata201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Solenosteira (Solenosteira) anomala
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Solenosteira : Solenosteira (Solenosteira) anomala5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Petasiforma foremanae
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Neosciadiocapsidae : Petasiforma : Petasiforma foremanae105.3 - 99.6 Ma
Cretaceous
Crucella messinae
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Spumellaria : Hagiastridae : Crucella : Crucella messinae150.8 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Pseudodictyomitra pseudomacrocephala
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Pseudodictyomitridae : Pseudodictyomitra : Pseudodictyomitra pseudomacrocephala99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Thanarla veneta
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Archaeodictyomitridae : Thanarla : Thanarla veneta99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudostylosphaera compacta
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Hindeosphaeridae : Pseudostylosphaera : Pseudostylosphaera compacta242 - 228 Ma
Triassic
Bagotum modestum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Bagotidae : Bagotum : Bagotum modestum190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Parahsuum mostleri
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Parahsuum : Parahsuum mostleri190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Praeconocaryomma media
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Praeconocaryommidae : Praeconocaryomma : Praeconocaryomma media190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Praeconocaryomma parvimamma
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Praeconocaryommidae : Praeconocaryomma : Praeconocaryomma parvimamma190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Xitus antelopensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Xitus : Xitus antelopensis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Diomedea milleri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Diomedeidae : Diomedea : Diomedea milleri15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Praewilliriedellum cephalospinosum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Williriedellidae : Praewilliriedellum : Praewilliriedellum cephalospinosum166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Cancellaria (Cancellaria) obesa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria : Cancellaria (Cancellaria) obesa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Metula harrisi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Colubrariidae : Metula : Metula harrisi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cancellaria subtuberosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria : Cancellaria subtuberosa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cerithium incisum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae : Cerithium : Cerithium incisum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Conus fergusoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus fergusoni5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Conus regularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus regularis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Ficus decussata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ficidae : Ficus : Ficus decussata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Neritina picta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cycloneritida : Neritidae : Neritina : Neritina picta5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Turritella imperialis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella imperialis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Codakia colpoica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Codakia : Codakia colpoica7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Eucrassatella subgibbosus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Eucrassatella : Eucrassatella subgibbosus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Arcinella californica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Chamidae : Arcinella : Arcinella californica5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pegophysema edentuloides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Anodontia : Pegophysema edentuloides5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pycnodonte heermanni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Pycnodonte : Pycnodonte heermanni5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Flabellipecten carrizoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Flabellipecten : Flabellipecten carrizoensis7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Chlamys mediacostatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys mediacostatus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Argopecten mendenhalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Argopecten : Argopecten mendenhalli7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Miltha (Miltha) xantusi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Miltha : Miltha (Miltha) xantusi11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pinna latrania
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna : Pinna latrania7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pinna (Pinna) mendenhalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna : Pinna (Pinna) mendenhalli7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Arca pacifica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca pacifica5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tucetona (Bellaxinaea) multicostata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Tucetona : Tucetona (Bellaxinaea) multicostata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Anadara reinharti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara reinharti5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Ostrea angelica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostrea : Ostrea angelica5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Chlamys corteziana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys corteziana5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Codakia distinguenda
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Codakia : Codakia distinguenda5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Divalinga eburnea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Divalinga : Divalinga eburnea5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Dosinia semiobliterata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia semiobliterata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Strombus galeatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Strombus : Strombus galeatus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Polinices uber
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Polinices : Polinices uber5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Saxidomus vaquerosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Saxidomus : Saxidomus vaquerosensis23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Acar bailyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Acar : Acar bailyi5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Modiolus (Modiolus) carpenteri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus (Modiolus) carpenteri5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Modiolus capax
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus capax23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Lithophaga (Diberus) plumula
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Lithophaga : Lithophaga (Diberus) plumula5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Adula diegensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Adula : Adula diegensis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Diplodonta orbella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta orbella15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Clinocardium (Clinocardium) nuttallii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Clinocardium : Clinocardium (Clinocardium) nuttallii5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Saxidomus giganteus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Saxidomus : Saxidomus giganteus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nutricola tantilla
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Nutricola : Nutricola tantilla0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Leukoma staminea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Leukoma : Leukoma staminea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Petricola (Petricola) carditoides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Petricolina : Petricola : Petricola (Petricola) carditoides5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Tivela (Pachydesma) stultorum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Tivela : Tivela (Pachydesma) stultorum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Saxidomus nuttalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Saxidomus : Saxidomus nuttalli15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Amiantis callosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Amiantis : Amiantis callosa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tellina (Angulus) modesta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Angulus : Tellina (Angulus) modesta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Macoma (Rexithaerus) expansa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Rexithaerus) expansa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Psammotreta (Leporimetis) obesa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Psammotreta : Psammotreta (Leporimetis) obesa23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Macoma nasuta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma nasuta33.9 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Macoma (Rexithaerus) secta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Rexithaerus) secta23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Tellina (Tellinella) idae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Tellinella) idae23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Gari (Gobraeus) furcata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Gari : Gari (Gobraeus) furcata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tagelus californianus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Solecurtidae : Tagelus : Tagelus californianus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tresus capax
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Tresus : Tresus capax0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tresus nuttallii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Tresus : Tresus nuttallii11.608 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mactromeris hemphillii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris hemphillii5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Simomactra dolabriformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Simomactra : Simomactra dolabriformis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Panopea abrupta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Panopea : Panopea abrupta28.1 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Zirfaea pilsbryi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pholadidae : Zirfaea : Zirfaea pilsbryi23.03 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Penitella penita
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Pholadidae : Penitella : Penitella penita0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Periploma (Periploma) planiuscula
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciida : Periplomatidae : Periploma : Periploma (Periploma) planiuscula5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Ostrea (Ostrea) atwoodii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostrea : Ostrea (Ostrea) atwoodii23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Acesta (Acesta) multiradiata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Acesta : Acesta (Acesta) multiradiata66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Chama frondosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Chamidae : Chama : Chama frondosa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Diplodonta (Diplodonta) buwaldana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta (Diplodonta) buwaldana23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Crassatella granti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatella granti28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Crassatella uvasana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatella uvasana56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Nemocardium (Nemocardium) linteum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium : Nemocardium (Nemocardium) linteum61.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Acanthocardia : Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Clinocardium (Clinocardium) meekianum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Clinocardium : Clinocardium (Clinocardium) meekianum3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mactromeris albaria
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris albaria23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pseudocardium densatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Pseudocardium densatum23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Mactromeris montereyana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris montereyana15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mactromeris sectoris
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris sectoris23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Mactromeris abbotti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris abbotti23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Mactromeris mercedensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris mercedensis3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Mactromeris merriami
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris merriami56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Mactromeris ramonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris ramonensis56 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudocardium packardi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Pseudocardium packardi56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Solena (Eosolen) novacularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solena (Eosolen) novacularis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Solena (Eosolen) perrini
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solena (Eosolen) perrini23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Solena (Eosolen) subverticala
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solena (Eosolen) subverticala56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Tellina (Olcesia) ocoyana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Olcesia) ocoyana15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Macoma (Rexithaerus) indentata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Rexithaerus) indentata11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tellina (Cadella) nuculoides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Cadella) nuculoides11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Macoma (Rexithaerus) andersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Rexithaerus) andersoni11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Psammotreta (Leporimetis) dombei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Psammotreta : Psammotreta (Leporimetis) dombei5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tellina (Megangulus) lutea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina (Megangulus) lutea3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gari (Gobraeus) hornii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Gari : Gari (Gobraeus) hornii66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Semele morani
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Semelidae : Semele : Semele morani23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Tellina wilsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina wilsoni23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Mactromeris acutirostrata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris acutirostrata48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Amussium lompocensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Amusium : Amussium lompocensis15.97 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Astraea (Pomaulax) gradata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Astraea : Astraea (Pomaulax) gradata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clypeasterina
suborder
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Clypeasterina20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Echinoidea
class
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea252.17 - 47.8 Ma
Phanerozoic
Acila (Acila) semirostrata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Acila) semirostrata11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Yoldia (Kalayoldia) cooperii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia (Kalayoldia) cooperii5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Glycymeris (Glycymeris) gigantea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Glycymeris) gigantea5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Anadara (Anadara) trilineata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Anadara : Anadara (Anadara) trilineata23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Arca (Arca) terminumbonis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Arca : Arca (Arca) terminumbonis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cidaroida
order
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida83.5 - 11.62 Ma
Phanerozoic
Pecten (Swiftopecten) etchegoini
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten (Swiftopecten) etchegoini5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pecten (Patinopecten) healeyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Patinopecten : Pecten (Patinopecten) healeyi13.82 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Securella securis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Securella : Securella securis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Surculites (Megasurcula) remondii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Megasurcula : Surculites (Megasurcula) remondii5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Spirotropis (Antiplanes) perversa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Antiplanes : Spirotropis (Antiplanes) perversa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Spirotropis (Antiplanes) bulimoides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Antiplanes : Spirotropis (Antiplanes) bulimoides5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Moniliopsis incisa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Moniliopsis : Moniliopsis incisa5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clavus (Clathrodrillia) coalingensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Drilliidae : Clathrodrillia : Clavus (Clathrodrillia) coalingensis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Tegula (Chlorostoma) gallina
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Chlorostoma : Tegula (Chlorostoma) gallina5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Chione (Securella) securis fernandoensis
subspecies
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Securella : Chione (Securella) securis fernandoensis11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Thais (Nucella) elsmerensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Nucella : Thais (Nucella) elsmerensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Purpura (Jaton) eldridgei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Jaton : Purpura (Jaton) eldridgei5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Cancellaria tritonidea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria : Cancellaria tritonidea23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Nilsonia
genus
Plantae : Cycadophyta : Cycadopsida : Cycadales : Nilsonia163.5 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Nemocardium (Keenaea) centifilosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium : Nemocardium (Keenaea) centifilosum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Callithaca tenerrima
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Callithaca : Callithaca tenerrima23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Patinopecten lohri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Patinopecten : Patinopecten lohri23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Bulla (Bulla) punctulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Bullidae : Bulla : Bulla (Bulla) punctulata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pleuromya uniformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Pleuromyidae : Pleuromya : Pleuromya uniformis140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Libellulidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Odonata : Libellulidae3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Turritella (Broderiptella) gonostoma
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella (Broderiptella) gonostoma23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Strombus (Strombus) gracilior
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Strombus : Strombus (Strombus) gracilior5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Dosinia dunkeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia dunkeri5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Kenzieana bellula
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cyrtodontida : Spanilidae : Kenzieana : Kenzieana bellula358.9 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Gyrodes pacificum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Gyrodes pacificum83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Osteodontornis orri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Ciconiiformes : Osteodontornis : Osteodontornis orri15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Boetica
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Elachisinidae : Boetica5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Calicantharus fortis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siphonaliidae : Calicantharus : Calicantharus fortis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Bruclarkia acuminatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siphonaliidae : Bruclarkia : Bruclarkia acuminatum33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Mosasauria
superfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Mosasauria72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Imperatoria media
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Preperonidellidae : Imperatoria : Imperatoria media449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Cystothalamiella ducta
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Agelasida : Aphrosalpingidae : Cystothalamiella : Cystothalamiella ducta449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Rigbyetia obconica
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Cliefdenellidae : Rigbyetia : Rigbyetia obconica449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Discotropites sandlingensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Tropitidae : Discotropites : Discotropites sandlingensis232 - 221.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Pleurotropites gabbi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Tropitidae : Pleurotropites : Pleurotropites gabbi232 - 221.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Gymnotropites americanus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Tropitidae : Gymnotropites : Gymnotropites americanus237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Amblysiphonella grossa
species
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sebargasiidae : Amblysiphonella : Amblysiphonella grossa485.4 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Amblysiphonelloides tubulara
species
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sebargasiidae : Amblysiphonelloides : Amblysiphonelloides tubulara460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Amblysiphonelloides reticulata
species
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sebargasiidae : Amblysiphonelloides : Amblysiphonelloides reticulata460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Imperatoria mega
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Preperonidellidae : Imperatoria : Imperatoria mega466 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Imperatoria minima
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Preperonidellidae : Imperatoria : Imperatoria minima466 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Imperatoria irregularis
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Preperonidellidae : Imperatoria : Imperatoria irregularis449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Corymbospongia adnata
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Colospongiidae : Corymbospongia : Corymbospongia adnata449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Corymbospongia mica
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Agelasida : Colospongiidae : Corymbospongia : Corymbospongia mica449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Cystothalamiella tuboides
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongiae : Agelasida : Aphrosalpingidae : Cystothalamiella : Cystothalamiella tuboides449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Porefieldia robusta
species
Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Celyphiidae : Porefieldia : Porefieldia robusta449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Cladoceramus undulatoplicatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Cladoceramus : Cladoceramus undulatoplicatus89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Allodelphis woodburnei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Allodelphinidae : Allodelphis : Allodelphis woodburnei23.03 - 20.44 Ma
Miocene
Orthinae
subfamily
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Orthidae : Orthinae485.4 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Diochthofera conspicua
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Orthidae : Diochthofera : Diochthofera conspicua449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Eripnifera praecipitis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Rhactorthidae : Eripnifera : Eripnifera praecipitis449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Minetrigonia suttonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Minetrigonia : Minetrigonia suttonensis228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Spondylospira lewesensis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Spondylospiridae : Spondylospira : Spondylospira lewesensis237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Spondylospira parmata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Spondylospiridae : Spondylospira : Spondylospira parmata228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Vertipecten yneziana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Vertipecten : Vertipecten yneziana33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Proctotrupoidea
superfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Proctotrupoidea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Holcorpa dillhoffi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Panorpidae : Holcorpa : Holcorpa dillhoffi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cimbrophlebia flabelliformis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Cimbrophlebiidae : Cimbrophlebia : Cimbrophlebia flabelliformis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cimbrophlebia leahyi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Cimbrophlebiidae : Cimbrophlebia : Cimbrophlebia leahyi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Plesiotylosaurus crassidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Mosasauridae : Plesiotylosaurus : Plesiotylosaurus crassidens72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stylonema potens
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Loxonematidae : Stylonema : Stylonema potens427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Mesocoelia janus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Murchisoniina : Murchisoniidae : Mesocoelia : Mesocoelia janus427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Aculeata
unranked clade
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Aculeata56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Phlaeopterus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Phlaeopterus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Parahsuum publicum
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Parahsuum : Parahsuum publicum166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Napora bearensis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Ultranaporidae : Napora : Napora bearensis150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Leugeo parvispinata
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Leugeo : Leugeo parvispinata166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Interchlamys interlineata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Interchlamys : Interchlamys interlineata33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Pararachnastraea lewisi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Durhaminidae : Pararachnastraea : Pararachnastraea lewisi295.5 - 290.1 Ma
Permian
Hyattoceras geinitzi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hyattoceras : Hyattoceras geinitzi268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Stacheoceras mediterraneum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Vidrioceratidae : Stacheoceras : Stacheoceras mediterraneum268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Hildoceratidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae182 - 180.1 Ma
Early Jurassic
Kirkirhynchus reesidei
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Trigonirhynchiidae : Kirkirhynchus : Kirkirhynchus reesidei427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Atrypella tenuis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Lissatrypidae : Atrypoidea : Atrypella tenuis427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Alaskospira dunbari
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Reticulariidae : Alaskospira : Alaskospira dunbari427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Atrypa reticularis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Atrypidae : Atrypa : Atrypa reticularis419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Mymarommatoidea
superfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Mymarommatoidea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Plotosaurus bennisoni
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Mosasauridae : Plotosaurus : Plotosaurus bennisoni70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plotosaurus tuckeri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Mosasauridae : Plotosaurus : Plotosaurus tuckeri72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Submortoniceras chicoense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Collignoniceratidae : Submortoniceras : Submortoniceras chicoense83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudocardium pabloensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Pseudocardium pabloensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Fulica americana
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : Fulica : Fulica americana0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Laballa suessi
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Laballidae : Laballa : Laballa suessi228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Cryptolucina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cryptolucina37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Solariella walkeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Solariellidae : Solariella : Solariella walkeri55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene
Turritella andersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella andersoni56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Homalopoma wattsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Homalopoma : Homalopoma wattsi59.2 - 41.3 Ma
Paleogene
Astropecten matilijaensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Asteroidea : Paxillosida : Astropectinidae : Astropecten : Astropecten matilijaensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Stenoscisma margaritovi
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Stenoscismatidae : Stenoscisma : Stenoscisma margaritovi358.9 - 298.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Stacheoceras gordoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Vidrioceratidae : Stacheoceras : Stacheoceras gordoni272.3 - 268.8 Ma
Permian
Cyclonema (Cyclonema)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Euomphalina : Platyceratidae : Cyclonema : Cyclonema (Cyclonema)460.9 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Cymbites laevigatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cymbitidae : Cymbites : Cymbites laevigatus201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Acanthopleuroceras thomsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Polymorphitidae : Acanthopleuroceras : Acanthopleuroceras thomsoni201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Fanninoceras (Charlotticeras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Eoderoceratidae : Fanninoceras : Fanninoceras (Charlotticeras)201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Acanthopleuroceras whiteavesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Polymorphitidae : Acanthopleuroceras : Acanthopleuroceras whiteavesi201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Tropidoceras actaeon
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Polymorphitidae : Tropidoceras : Tropidoceras actaeon201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Notiophilus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Brachyceridae : Notiophilus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Notiophilus sylvaticus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Brachyceridae : Notiophilus : Notiophilus sylvaticus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pseudoskirroceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Coeloceratidae : Pseudoskirroceras201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dubariceras freboldi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Eoderoceratidae : Dubariceras : Dubariceras freboldi201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dubariceras silviesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Eoderoceratidae : Dubariceras : Dubariceras silviesi201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Metaderoceras gemmellaroi evolutum
subspecies
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Eoderoceratidae : Metaderoceras : Metaderoceras gemmellaroi evolutum201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Metaderoceras mouterdei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Eoderoceratidae : Metaderoceras : Metaderoceras mouterdei201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Metaderoceras talkeetnaense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Eoderoceratidae : Metaderoceras : Metaderoceras talkeetnaense201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Prodactylioceras colubriforme
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Dactylioceratidae : Prodactylioceras : Prodactylioceras colubriforme201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Prodactylioceras italicum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Dactylioceratidae : Prodactylioceras : Prodactylioceras italicum201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Amaltheus margaritatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Amaltheidae : Amaltheus : Amaltheus margaritatus185.7 - 184.1 Ma
Early Jurassic
Amaltheus stokesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Amaltheidae : Amaltheus : Amaltheus stokesi201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arieticeras lupheri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hildoceratidae : Arieticeras : Arieticeras lupheri189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Dendraster perrini
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Dendrasteridae : Dendraster : Dendraster perrini5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Gervillella leesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Gervillella : Gervillella leesi201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grioceras saundersi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Goniatitida : Vidrioceratidae : Grioceras : Grioceras saundersi268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Jilingites mongeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Goniatitida : Vidrioceratidae : Jilingites : Jilingites mongeri268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Tongluceras canadense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Goniatitida : Cyclolobidae : Tongluceras : Tongluceras canadense268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Aphrosaurus furlongi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Elasmosauridae : Aphrosaurus : Aphrosaurus furlongi72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Fresnosaurus drescheri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Frenosaurus : Fresnosaurus drescheri72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Fuciniceras targionii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Fuciniceras : Fuciniceras targionii185.7 - 184.1 Ma
Early Jurassic
Protogrammoceras (Protogrammoceras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Protogrammoceras : Protogrammoceras (Protogrammoceras)189.6 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Fuciniceras (Paltarpites) aequiondulatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Protogrammoceras : Fuciniceras (Paltarpites) aequiondulatum189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Protogrammoceras (Protogrammoceras) kurrianum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Protogrammoceras : Protogrammoceras (Protogrammoceras) kurrianum189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lioceratoides (Lioceratoides)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Lioceratoides : Lioceratoides (Lioceratoides)189.6 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lioceratoides (Lioceratoides) involutum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Lioceratoides : Lioceratoides (Lioceratoides) involutum189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lioceratoides (Lioceratoides) maurelli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Lioceratoides : Lioceratoides (Lioceratoides) maurelli183 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Tiltoniceras propinquum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Tiltoniceras : Tiltoniceras propinquum189.6 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Leptaleoceras accuratum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Leptaleoceras : Leptaleoceras accuratum201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Liparoceras (Becheiceras) bechei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Liparoceratidae : Liparoceras : Liparoceras (Becheiceras) bechei189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Arieticeras algovianum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Arieticeras : Arieticeras algovianum201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arieticeras domarense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Arieticeras : Arieticeras domarense189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lagena vulgaris
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Lagenidae : Lagena : Lagena vulgaris41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Glossaulax reclusiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Neverita : Glossaulax reclusiana23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Carcharodon sulcidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Carcharodon : Carcharodon sulcidens11.62 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Chaoiella gruenewaldti
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Productellidae : Chaoiella : Chaoiella gruenewaldti358.9 - 298.9 Ma
Paleozoic
Myrmeciinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Myrmeciinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Ypresiomyrma orbiculata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Ypresiomyrma : Ypresiomyrma orbiculata56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Ypresiomyrma bartletti
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Ypresiomyrma : Ypresiomyrma bartletti56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Avitomyrmex elongatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Avitomyrmex : Avitomyrmex elongatus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Avitomyrmex mastax
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Avitomyrmex : Avitomyrmex mastax56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Avitomyrmex systenus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Avitomyrmex : Avitomyrmex systenus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Macabeemyrma ovata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Macabeemyrma : Macabeemyrma ovata56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Myrmeciites herculeanus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Myrmeciites : Myrmeciites herculeanus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Arietitidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Myrmeciites goliath
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Myrmeciites : Myrmeciites goliath56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Apion
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Apionidae : Apion0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tonsala buchanani
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Plotopteridae : Tonsala : Tonsala buchanani33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Parapavona major
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pseudopavonidae : Parapavona : Parapavona major326.4 - 318.1 Ma
Carboniferous
Panalcidae
unranked clade
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Panalcidae15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Bledius
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Bledius0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dryocoetes
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Dryocoetes0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Trechus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Trechus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Stenus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Stenus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Aegialia
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Aegialiidae : Aegialia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Buprestis tertiaria
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Buprestidae : Buprestis : Buprestis tertiaria56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Buprestis saxigena
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Buprestidae : Buprestis : Buprestis saxigena56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Buprestis sepulta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Buprestidae : Buprestis : Buprestis sepulta56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cryptohypnus terrestris
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Elateridae : Cryptohypnus : Cryptohypnus terrestris56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Quedius
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Quedius0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cercyon terrigena
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Hydrophilidae : Cercyon : Cercyon terrigena56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cymindis
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Cymindis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Nebria paleomelas
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Nebria : Nebria paleomelas56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Grammatodon concinnus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon : Grammatodon concinnus189.6 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Bositra buchi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Posidoniidae : Bositra : Bositra buchi201.3 - 163.5 Ma
Jurassic
Entolium (Entolium) corneolum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entolium : Entolium (Entolium) corneolum201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Cimbicinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Cimbicidae : Cimbicinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Omalium
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Omalium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Chlamys textoria
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys textoria190.8 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Dendrophyllia californiana
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Dendrophyllia : Dendrophyllia californiana28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Astrangia boreas
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Rhizangiidae : Astrangia : Astrangia boreas2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Turbinolia pusillanima
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Turbinoliidae : Turbinolia : Turbinolia pusillanima56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Thamnasteria sinuata
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Thamnasteriidae : Thamnasteria : Thamnasteria sinuata41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Platytrochus merriami
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Platytrochus : Platytrochus merriami56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Trochocyathus pergranulatus
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Trochocyathus : Trochocyathus pergranulatus86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Madrepora solida
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Oculinidae : Madrepora : Madrepora solida5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Halobia austriaca
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia : Halobia austriaca237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Halobia dilatata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia : Halobia dilatata221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Siderastrea clarki
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Siderastreidae : Siderastrea : Siderastrea clarki28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Balanophyllia variabilis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Balanophyllia : Balanophyllia variabilis56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dendrophyllia tejonensis
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Dendrophyllia : Dendrophyllia tejonensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Allantinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae : Allantinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Nothochrysinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Chrysopidae : Nothochrysinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Turbinolia clarki
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Turbinoliidae : Turbinolia : Turbinolia clarki56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Eomerope macabeensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Eomeropidae : Eomerope : Eomerope macabeensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Balanophyllia elegans
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Balanophyllia : Balanophyllia elegans0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Caryophyllia arnoldi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Caryophyllia : Caryophyllia arnoldi2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dasyhelea stenoceras
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Ceratopogonidae : Dasyhelea : Dasyhelea stenoceras23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Zannichellia
genus
Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Liliopsida : Alismatales : Zannichelliaceae : Zannichellia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dyschirius
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Dyschirius0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Simplocaria
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Byrrhidae : Simplocaria0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eohemithyris gettysburgensis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Basiliolidae : Eohemithiris : Eohemithyris gettysburgensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Eohemithyris alexi
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Basiliolidae : Eohemithyris : Eohemithyris alexi47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Glyphea micheleae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Glypheidae : Glyphea : Glyphea micheleae66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Chalcidoidea
superfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Chalcidoidea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Microberotha macculloughi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Berothidae : Microberotha : Microberotha macculloughi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Halictidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Halictidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Brecanclawu rathbunae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Callianassidae : Brecanclawu : Brecanclawu rathbunae66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Callianassa incerta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Callianassidae : Callianassa : Callianassa incerta56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Callianassa stimpsoni
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Callianassidae : Callianassa : Callianassa stimpsoni56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Neocallichirus porterensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Callianassidae : Neocallichirus : Neocallichirus porterensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Callianopsis clallamensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Ctenochelidae : Callianopsis : Callianopsis clallamensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Callianopsis inornatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Ctenochelidae : Callianopsis : Callianopsis inornatus66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Palaeopentacheles starri
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Palaeopentachelidae : Palaeopentacheles : Palaeopentacheles starri66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pachycheles
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Porcellanidae : Pachycheles0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Lophomastix altoonaensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Albuneidae : Lophomastix : Lophomastix altoonaensis20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Lophomastix boykoi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Albuneidae : Lophomastix : Lophomastix boykoi37.2 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Lophomastix kellyi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Albuneidae : Lophomastix : Lophomastix kellyi37.2 - 28.4 Ma
Paleogene
Pagurus malloryi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Pagurus : Pagurus malloryi66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Praeconocaryomma decora
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Praeconocaryommidae : Praeconocaryomma : Praeconocaryomma decora190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Solenastrea fairbanksi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Faviidae : Solenastrea : Solenastrea fairbanksi5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Raninoides dickersoni
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae : Raninoides : Raninoides dickersoni48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Raninoides fulgidus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae : Raninoides : Raninoides fulgidus48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Raninoides vaderensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae : Raninoides : Raninoides vaderensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Raninoides washburnei
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Raninidae : Raninoides : Raninoides washburnei56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Mursia marcusana
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Calappidae : Mursia : Mursia marcusana28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Macrocheira teglandi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Inachidae : Macrocheira : Macrocheira teglandi33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Trichopeltarion berglundorum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Trichopeltariidae : Trichopeltarion : Trichopeltarion berglundorum28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cancer fissus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Cancridae : Cancer : Cancer fissus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cancer gabbi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Cancridae : Cancer : Cancer gabbi56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Romaleon urbanus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Cancridae : Romaleon : Romaleon urbanus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Maeandricampus triangulum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Camptandriidae : Maeandricampus : Maeandricampus triangulum33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Megokkos alaskensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Camptandriidae : Megokkos : Megokkos alaskensis33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Pulalius dunhamorum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Tumidocarcinidae : Pulalius : Pulalius dunhamorum48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Pulalius vulgaris
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Tumidocarcinidae : Pulalius : Pulalius vulgaris48.6 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Pilodius vulgaris
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Xanthidae : Pilodius : Pilodius vulgaris33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Orbitoplax weaveri
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Grapsidae : Orbitoplax : Orbitoplax weaveri56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Branchioplax washingtoniana
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Pseudorhombilidae : Branchioplax : Branchioplax washingtoniana48.6 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Asthenognathus cornishorum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Varunidae : Asthenognathus : Asthenognathus cornishorum28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Hemigrapsus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Varunidae : Hemigrapsus5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Tachyporus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Tachyporus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Millerocaulis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Osmundales : Osmundaceae : Millerocaulis125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Spongosaturninus bispinus
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Saturnalidae : Spongosaturninus : Spongosaturninus bispinus166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Canoptum anulatum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Canoptum : Canoptum anulatum189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eospongosaturninus protoformis
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Entactinaria : Saturnalidae : Eospongosaturninus : Eospongosaturninus protoformis150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Parahsuum izeense
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Parahsuum : Parahsuum izeense189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Parahsuum ovale
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Hsuidae : Parahsuum : Parahsuum ovale190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Vaugonia veronica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophorellidae : Vaugonia : Vaugonia veronica174.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Susumanioidea
superfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Phasmatodea : Susumanioidea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Heptranchias howelli
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hexanchiformes : Hexanchidae : Heptranchias : Heptranchias howelli41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Aleochara
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Aleochara0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Stramonita canaliculata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Stramonita : Stramonita canaliculata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Myophorella yellowstonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophorellidae : Myophorella : Myophorella yellowstonensis170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Canutus giganteus
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Bagotidae : Canutus : Canutus giganteus189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Tripocyclia brooksi
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Tripocyclia : Tripocyclia brooksi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Tripocyclia foremanae
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Xiphostylidae : Tripocyclia : Tripocyclia foremanae150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Formicinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Formicinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pseudofusulinella rotunda
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Fusulinellidae : Pseudofusulinella : Pseudofusulinella rotunda295.5 - 290.1 Ma
Permian
Zugmayerella uncinata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferinida : Spondylospiridae : Zugmayerella : Zugmayerella uncinata237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Rhaetina pyriformis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Angustothyrididae : Rhaetina : Rhaetina pyriformis228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Celastrophyllum
genus
Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Celastrophyllum113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Yabeina
genus
Foraminifera : Neoschwagerinidae : Yabeina268.8 - 265.1 Ma
Permian
Yabeina columbiana
species
Foraminifera : Neoschwagerinidae : Yabeina : Yabeina columbiana265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Schwagerina pavilionensis
species
Foraminifera : Schwagerinidae : Schwagerina : Schwagerina pavilionensis265.1 - 259.9 Ma
Permian
Fontanelliceras fontanellense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Fontanelliceras : Fontanelliceras fontanellense201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Erycitoides
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Hammatoceratidae : Erycitoides175.6 - 171.6 Ma
Jurassic
Canoptum poissoni
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Canoptum : Canoptum poissoni190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Acastea acer
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Parvivaccidae : Acastea : Acastea acer150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Archaeospongoprunum praelongum
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Spumellaria : Archaeospongoprunidae : Archaeospongoprunum : Archaeospongoprunum praelongum113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Xitus pulcher
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Xitus : Xitus pulcher113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Xitus singularis
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Xitidae : Xitus : Xitus singularis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Parvicingula citae
species
Chromista : Radiozoa : Polycystina : Nassellaria : Parvicingulidae : Parvicingula : Parvicingula citae140.2 - 136.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Osedax
genus
Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Siboglinidae : Osedax33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Halobia lineata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia : Halobia lineata228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Heterastridium conglobatum
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Anthoathecata : Heterastridiidae : Heterastridium : Heterastridium conglobatum228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Jumaraina rinconensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Holothuroidea : Apodida : Chiridotidae : Jumaraina : Jumaraina rinconensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Testudoolithus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Testudoolithidae : Testudoolithus15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Olivella (Olivella) gracilis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella : Olivella (Olivella) gracilis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Olivella (Callianax) pedroana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella : Olivella (Callianax) pedroana28.1 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Ptychtothyris stephani
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Loboidothyrididae : Ptyctothyris : Ptychtothyris stephani201.3 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Macrodon (Catella) tyaughtonae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Catella : Macrodon (Catella) tyaughtonae208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Maoritrigonia columbiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Maoritrigonia : Maoritrigonia columbiana208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Myophoria cairnesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophoriidae : Myophoria : Myophoria cairnesi208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Myophoria adornata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophoriidae : Myophoria : Myophoria adornata208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Myophoria zeballos
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophoriidae : Myophoria : Myophoria zeballos208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Pecten tyaughtonae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten tyaughtonae208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Pecten cadwalladerensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten cadwalladerensis208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Pecten pontiamnis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten pontiamnis208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Mytilus shulapsensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus shulapsensis208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Cassianella lingulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Cassianellidae : Cassianella : Cassianella lingulata208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Macroacaena alseanus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Macroacaena : Macroacaena alseanus48.6 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Macroacaena schencki
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Macroacaena : Macroacaena schencki33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Macroacaena leucosiae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Macroacaena : Macroacaena leucosiae33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Embryophyta
subkingdom
Plantae : Embryophyta56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Placites polydactylus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Gymnitidae : Placites : Placites polydactylus208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Spirogmoceras shastense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Trachyceratidae : Spirogmoceras : Spirogmoceras shastense232 - 221.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ephedra
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Gnetopsida : Ephedrales : Ephedraceae : Ephedra0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Plantago
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Plantaginaceae : Plantago0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Typha
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Typhaceae : Typha0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lobites pacianus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lobitidae : Lobites : Lobites pacianus242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Stikinoceras kerri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Thisbitidae : Stikinoceras : Stikinoceras kerri221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Gnomohalorites southeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Haloritidae : Gnomohalorites : Gnomohalorites southeri212 - 205.6 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Gnomohalorites cordilleranus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Haloritidae : Gnomohalorites : Gnomohalorites cordilleranus212 - 205.6 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Tozeria yukonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Metasibiritidae : Tozeria : Tozeria yukonensis208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Rhabdoceras suessi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Rhabdoceratidae : Rhabdoceras : Rhabdoceras suessi208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Paracochloceras amoenum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Cochloceratidae : Paracochloceras : Paracochloceras amoenum208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Choristoceras crickmayi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Choristoceratidae : Choristoceras : Choristoceras crickmayi208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Discophyllites ebneri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Discophyllitidae : Discophyllites : Discophyllites ebneri232 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Rhacophyllites debilis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Discophyllitidae : Rhacophyllites : Rhacophyllites debilis208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Elaphrus (Neoelaphrus) clairvillei
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Elaphrus : Elaphrus (Neoelaphrus) clairvillei0.126 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Elaphrus americanus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Elaphrus : Elaphrus americanus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Carphoborus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Carphoborus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pityophthorus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Pityophthorus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Limnebiini
tribe
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Hydraenidae : Limnebiini0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Phloeotribus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Phloeotribus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Choristoceras marshi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Choristoceratidae : Choristoceras : Choristoceras marshi208.5 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Phylloceras psilomorphum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras : Phylloceras psilomorphum201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Archaeolithothamnium keenani
species
Plantae : Rhodophyta : Florideophyceae : Corallinales : Sporolithaceae : Archaeolithothamnion : Archaeolithothamnium keenani47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Anthophila
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Lepidoptera : Choreutidae : Anthophila56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Protochrysa fuscobasalis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Chrysopidae : Protochrysa : Protochrysa fuscobasalis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Okanaganochrysa coltsunae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Chrysopidae : Okanaganochrysa : Okanaganochrysa coltsunae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Adamsochrysa
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Chrysopidae : Adamsochrysa56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Adamsochrysa aspera
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Chrysopidae : Adamsochrysa : Adamsochrysa aspera56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Archaeochrysa profracta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Chrysopidae : Archaeochrysa : Archaeochrysa profracta56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pilumnoplax hannibalanus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Euryplacidae : Eucrate : Pilumnoplax hannibalanus48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Callianassa twinensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Callianassidae : Callianassa : Callianassa twinensis28.4 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Chloridella sonomana
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Stomatopoda : Squillidea : Clorida : Chloridella sonomana5.333 - 0 Ma
Cenozoic
Chrysidinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Chrysididae : Chrysidinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Elysastraea profunda
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Montlivaltiidae : Elysastraea : Elysastraea profunda221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Anditrigonia plumasensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Megatrigoniidae : Anditrigonia : Anditrigonia plumasensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ocotea
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Laurales : Lauraceae : Ocotea13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Badouxia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Badouxia201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Vermiceras (Paracaloceras)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Vermiceras : Vermiceras (Paracaloceras)201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sonniniidae
family
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sonniniidae171.6 - 168.4 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Dendroctonus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Dendroctonus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Myophorella packardi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophorellidae : Myophorella : Myophorella packardi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Haidaia billhookensis
species
Haidaia : Haidaia billhookensis166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Henricia venturana
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Asteroidea : Spinulosida : Echinasteridae : Henricia : Henricia venturana48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Nectandra
genus
Nectandra13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Halobia halorica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia : Halobia halorica228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Prionocerites tattriei
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Prionoceridae : Prionocerites : Prionocerites tattriei56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Triplofusus princeps
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Triplofusus : Triplofusus princeps7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Dasyhelea dara
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Ceratopogonidae : Dasyhelea : Dasyhelea dara23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Dasyhelea judithae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Ceratopogonidae : Dasyhelea : Dasyhelea judithae23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ribes
genus
Ribes56 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Pinna (Pinna) folium
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna : Pinna (Pinna) folium196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Ctenostreon rugosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Ctenostreon : Ctenostreon rugosum201.3 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Botryococcus
genus
Plantae : Chlorophyta : Trebouxiophyceae : Trebouxiales : Botryococcaceae : Botryococcus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pediastrum
genus
Plantae : Chlorophyta : Chlorophyceae : Sphaeropleales : Hydrodictyaceae : Pediastrum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Monotis (Entomonotis) subcircularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Monotidae : Monotis : Monotis (Entomonotis) subcircularis228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Silberlingia sanctaeanae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Ceratitidae : Silberlingitoides : Silberlingia sanctaeanae166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Partschiceras tenuistriatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Partschiceras : Partschiceras tenuistriatum196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Arnioceras miserabile
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Arnioceras : Arnioceras miserabile201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Arnioceras speciosum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Arnioceras : Arnioceras speciosum201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dinokanaga hillsi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Dinopanorpidae : Dinokanaga : Dinokanaga hillsi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Dinokanaga dowsonae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Dinopanorpidae : Dinokanaga : Dinokanaga dowsonae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Juvavites (Anatomites) externiplicatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Haloritidae : Anatomites : Juvavites (Anatomites) externiplicatus237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Arcestes (Proarcestes) shastensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Arcestidae : Proarcestes : Arcestes (Proarcestes) shastensis237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Clionites (Shastites) whitneyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ceratitida : Sandlingitidae : Shastites : Clionites (Shastites) whitneyi237 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Collonia occidentalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Colloniidae : Collonia : Collonia occidentalis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Worthenia klamathensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lophospiridae : Worthenia : Worthenia klamathensis237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Protorcula bassetti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Protorculidae : Protorcula : Protorcula bassetti221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Purpurina gravinaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Purpurinidae : Purpurina : Purpurina gravinaensis221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Myophoria beringiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Myophoriidae : Myophoria : Myophoria beringiana221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Cassianella gravinaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Cassianellidae : Cassianella : Cassianella gravinaensis221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Halobia alaskana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia : Halobia alaskana228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Halobia fallax
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia : Halobia fallax228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Halobia superba
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Halobiidae : Halobia : Halobia superba252.17 - 201.3 Ma
Phanerozoic
Lupherella boechiformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Monotidae : Lupherella : Lupherella boechiformis189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lima blackburnei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Lima : Lima blackburnei221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Rhynchonella richardsoni
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella : Rhynchonella richardsoni228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Ceriostella parva
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pamiroseriidae : Ceriostella : Ceriostella parva221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Latimaeandra alaskana
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Calamophylliidae : Latomeandra : Latimaeandra alaskana221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Halomitra triadica
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Fungiidae : Halomitra : Halomitra triadica221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ceriostella martini
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pamiroseriidae : Ceriostella : Ceriostella martini221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Stromatomorpha californica
species
Animalia : Porifera : Demospongea : Lithistida : Anthaspidellidae : Stromatomorpha : Stromatomorpha californica221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Arnioceras arnouldi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Arnioceras : Arnioceras arnouldi201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Hypasteroceras planulatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Hypasteroceras : Hypasteroceras planulatum201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Inoceramus subundatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus subundatus89.8 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anchura phaba
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Anchura : Anchura phaba83.6 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Glycymeris (Glycymerita) anae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Glycymerita) anae83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Glycymeris (Glycymerita) apletos
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris (Glycymerita) apletos83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus (Endocostea) balticus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Endocostea) balticus83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Indogrammatodon vancouverensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon : Indogrammatodon vancouverensis83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Turritella chicoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella chicoensis93.9 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Calva (Egelicalva)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Calva : Calva (Egelicalva)100.5 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pentzia hilgardi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : Pentzia : Pentzia hilgardi83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Opis (Hesperopis) rosarioensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis : Opis (Hesperopis) rosarioensis93.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lysis duplicosta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Capulidae : Lysis : Lysis duplicosta83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Volutoderma santana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pholidotomidae : Volutoderma : Volutoderma santana83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Volutoderma averillii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Volutoderma : Volutoderma averillii93.9 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tessarolax distorta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Tessarolax : Tessarolax distorta89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lispodesthes rotundatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Lispodesthes : Lispodesthes rotundatus100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Partschiceras striatocostatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Partschiceras : Partschiceras striatocostatus196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Fuciniceras marianii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Fuciniceras : Fuciniceras marianii189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Fuciniceras lavinianum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Fuciniceras : Fuciniceras lavinianum185.7 - 184.1 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eleganticeras exaratum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Eleganticeras : Eleganticeras exaratum183 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Hildaites murleyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Hildaites : Hildaites murleyi183 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Emaciaticeras lottii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Emaciaticeras : Emaciaticeras lottii189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eorpa ypsipeda
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Eorpidae : Eorpa : Eorpa ypsipeda56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Dactylioceras commune
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Dactylioceratidae : Dactylioceras : Dactylioceras commune183 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Melanoplus differentialis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Orthoptera : Acrididae : Melanoplus : Melanoplus differentialis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Uria aalge
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Alcidae : Uria : Uria aalge0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cepphus columba
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Alcidae : Cepphus : Cepphus columba0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Parastylotermes frazieri
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Blattodea : Stylotermitidae : Parastylotermes : Parastylotermes frazieri23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Arnioceras ceratitoides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Arnioceras : Arnioceras ceratitoides201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Togaticeras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juraphyllitidae : Togaticeras196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lytotropites fucinii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Lytoceratidae : Lytotropites : Lytotropites fucinii196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) mutabile
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Coroniceras : Coroniceras (Paracoroniceras) mutabile196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Arnioceras nevadanum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Arnioceras : Arnioceras nevadanum196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Caenisites brooki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Asteroceratidae : Caenisites : Caenisites brooki196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Caenisites turneri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Asteroceratidae : Caenisites : Caenisites turneri196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Caenisites pulchellus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Asteroceratidae : Caenisites : Caenisites pulchellus196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Hypasteroceras montii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Hypasteroceras : Hypasteroceras montii196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Gleichenites
genus
Plantae : Pteridophyta : Pteridopsida : Polypodiales : Gleichenites145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Areaseris
genus
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Pamiroseriidae : Areaseris221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Curtoseris dunlapcanyonae
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Curtoseriidae : Curtoseries : Curtoseris dunlapcanyonae221.5 - 215.56 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Ambercyclus dilleri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Eucyclidae : Ambercyclus : Ambercyclus dilleri152.1 - 132.9 Ma
Mesozoic
Ambercyclus morganensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Eucyclidae : Ambercyclus : Ambercyclus morganensis139.8 - 132.9 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hokkaidoconcha
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Hokkaidoconchidae : Hokkaidoconcha152.1 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Hokkaidoconcha occidentalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Hokkaidoconchidae : Hokkaidoconcha : Hokkaidoconcha occidentalis152.1 - 129.4 Ma
Mesozoic
Hokkaidoconcha tehamaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Hokkaidoconchidae : Hokkaidoconcha : Hokkaidoconcha tehamaensis150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Hokkaidoconcha bilirata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Hokkaidoconchidae : Hokkaidoconcha : Hokkaidoconcha bilirata132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Abyssochrysos giganteum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Abyssochrysidae : Abyssochrysos : Abyssochrysos giganteum145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Paskentana paskentaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Paskentana : Paskentana paskentaensis150.8 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Paskentana berryessaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Melanodrymiidae : Paskentana : Paskentana berryessaensis152.1 - 132.9 Ma
Mesozoic
Paskentana globosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Melanodrymiidae : Paskentana : Paskentana globosa145 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Atresius liratus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Atresius : Atresius liratus139.8 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Mycetoporini
tribe
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Mycetoporini0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Selaginella
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Lycopodiopsida : Selaginellales : Selaginellaceae : Selaginella0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Terebratulina unguicula
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Cancellothyrididae : Terebratulina : Terebratulina unguicula56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Ectinochilus (Macilentos) macilenta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Rimella : Ectinochilus (Macilentos) macilenta56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Rimella supraplicata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Strombidae : Rimella : Rimella supraplicata56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Agathidium
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Leiodesidae : Agathidium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Heterocerus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Heteroceridae : Heterocerus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pagiophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Araucariaceae : Pagiophyllum163.5 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Pityophyllum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Ginkgoopsida : Ginkgoales : Ginkgoaceae : Pityophyllum163.5 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Limnodromus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Limnodromus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Corvus brachyrhynchos
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Corvidae : Corvus : Corvus brachyrhynchos0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Deroceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Stylommatophora : Agriolimacidae : Deroceras1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Dendragapus obscurus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae : Dendragapus : Dendragapus obscurus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Cytilus alternatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Byrrhidae : Cytilus : Cytilus alternatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acidota quadrata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Acidota : Acidota quadrata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Olophrum consimile
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Olophrum : Olophrum consimile0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cymindis (Tarulus) cribricollis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Cymindis : Cymindis (Tarulus) cribricollis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Polygraphus rufipennis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Polygraphus : Polygraphus rufipennis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Delectopecten lillisi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Delectopecten : Delectopecten lillisi33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Chlamys calkinsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys calkinsi48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Chlamys branneri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys branneri33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Chlamys hodgei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys hodgei23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Chlamys egregius
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Chlamys : Chlamys egregius5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Pacipecten discus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Leptopecten : Pacipecten discus11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Lyropecten miguelensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Lyropecten : Lyropecten miguelensis30.8 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Entolium lunare
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entolium : Entolium lunare196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Kurtiella tumida
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Lasaeidae : Kurtiella : Kurtiella tumida0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Diplodonta aleutica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Diplodonta aleutica5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Protothaca staleyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Leukoma : Protothaca staleyi3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Humilaria perlaminosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Humilaria : Humilaria perlaminosa3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Compsomyax subdiaphana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Compsomyax : Compsomyax subdiaphana11.608 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Bankia setacea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Teredinidae : Bankia : Bankia setacea5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Macoma (Macoma) brota
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) brota23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Mopalia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Mopaliidae : Mopalia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Puncturella multistriata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Fissurellidae : Puncturella : Puncturella multistriata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Encope tenuis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Mellitidae : Encope : Encope tenuis7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clypeaster deserti
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Clypeasteridae : Clypeaster : Clypeaster deserti5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clypeaster carrizoensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Clypeasteridae : Clypeaster : Clypeaster carrizoensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Clypeaster bowersi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Clypeasteridae : Clypeaster : Clypeaster bowersi7.246 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Pachymerina
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Pachymerina56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Peradeniidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Peradeniidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Phylloceras asperaense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Phylloceratidae : Phylloceras : Phylloceras asperaense201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Nevadaphyllites compressus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juraphyllitidae : Nevadaphyllites : Nevadaphyllites compressus201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Togaticeras togatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Juraphyllitidae : Togaticeras : Togaticeras togatum201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eolytoceras
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : Eolytoceras196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eolytoceras tasekoi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : Eolytoceras : Eolytoceras tasekoi201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eolytoceras constrictum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : Eolytoceras : Eolytoceras constrictum201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Discamphiceras silberlingi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Discamphiceras : Discamphiceras silberlingi201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sunrisites senililevis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Sunrisites : Sunrisites senililevis201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Badouxia canadensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Psiloceratidae : Badouxia : Badouxia canadensis201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Paracaloceras rursicostatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Vermiceras : Paracaloceras rursicostatum201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Nevadaphyllites microumbilicatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juraphyllitidae : Nevadaphyllites : Nevadaphyllites microumbilicatus201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Fergusonites hendersonae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juraphyllitidae : Fergusonites : Fergusonites hendersonae201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Togaticeras goisernense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Juraphyllitidae : Togaticeras : Togaticeras goisernense201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eolytoceras chongi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : Eolytoceras : Eolytoceras chongi201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Eolytoceras guexi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Lytoceratidae : Eolytoceras : Eolytoceras guexi201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Alsatites bipartitus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Alsatites : Alsatites bipartitus201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Pseudaetomoceras victoriense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Pseudaetomoceras : Pseudaetomoceras victoriense201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Schlotheimia cuevitensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Schlotheimiidae : Schlotheimia : Schlotheimia cuevitensis201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Franziceras graylockense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Franziceras : Franziceras graylockense201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Gyrophioceras mineralense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Vermiceras : Gyrophioceras mineralense201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Paracaloceras varaense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Vermiceras : Paracaloceras varaense201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Schreinbachites laqueoides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Schreinbachites : Schreinbachites laqueoides201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sunrisites brimblecombei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Sunrisites : Sunrisites brimblecombei201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Sunrisites chilcotinensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Sunrisites : Sunrisites chilcotinensis201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Badouxia castlensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Badouxia : Badouxia castlensis201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Badouxia forticostata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Badouxia : Badouxia forticostata201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Badouxia columbiae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Psiloceratidae : Badouxia : Badouxia columbiae201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Discamphiceras tipperi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Psiloceratidae : Discamphiceras : Discamphiceras tipperi201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Paracaloceras multicostatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Arietitidae : Vermiceras : Paracaloceras multicostatum201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Angulaticeras marmoreum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Schlotheimiidae : Angulaticeras : Angulaticeras marmoreum201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Paracaloceras coregonense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Arietitidae : Vermiceras : Paracaloceras coregonense201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lytoceras (Gaudryceras) alamedense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras : Lytoceras (Gaudryceras) alamedense89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lytoceras (Gaudryceras) denmanense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Gaudryceratidae : Gaudryceras : Lytoceras (Gaudryceras) denmanense83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) alamoense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Desmoceras : Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) alamoense113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) argonauticum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Desmoceras : Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) argonauticum113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Joaquinites fascicostatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Joaquinites fascicostatum72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hauericeras churchi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Desmoceratidae : Hauericeras : Hauericeras churchi70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eupachydiscus arbucklensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Eupachydiscus : Eupachydiscus arbucklensis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eupachydiscus willgreeni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Eupachydiscus : Eupachydiscus willgreeni89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Parapachydiscus catarinae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Parapachydiscus catarinae70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Parapachydiscus cortinaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Parapachydiscus cortinaensis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Parapachydiscus stanislausensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Parapachydiscus stanislausensis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nowakites klamathonis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Nowakites : Nowakites klamathonis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nowakites rumseyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Nowakites : Nowakites rumseyensis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nowakites puertoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Pachydiscidae : Nowakites : Nowakites puertoensis85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Puzosia (Parapuzosia) hearni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Parapuzosia : Puzosia (Parapuzosia) hearni93.5 - 89.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Puzosia (Parapuzosia) arenaica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Parapuzosia : Puzosia (Parapuzosia) arenaica89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Puzosia (Holcodiscoides) gorrilli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Kossmaticeratidae : Holcodiscoides : Puzosia (Holcodiscoides) gorrilli89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eucalycoceras diabloense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Acanthoceratidae : Eucalycoceras : Eucalycoceras diabloense99.6 - 93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudolimea hettangiensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Pseudolimea : Pseudolimea hettangiensis201.3 - 196.5 Ma
Early Jurassic
Modiolus (Modiolus) scalprum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus (Modiolus) scalprum201.3 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Phylloceras (Partschiceras) grantzi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Phylloceratida : Phylloceratidae : Partschiceras : Phylloceras (Partschiceras) grantzi166.1 - 163.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Lilloettia lilloetensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sphaeroceratidae : Lilloettia : Lilloettia lilloetensis164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Lilloettia stantoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sphaeroceratidae : Lilloettia : Lilloettia stantoni164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Xenocephalites vicarius
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sphaeroceratidae : Xenocephalites : Xenocephalites vicarius164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Cadoceras (Pseudocadoceras) catostoma
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Cadoceras : Cadoceras (Pseudocadoceras) catostoma164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Cadoceras comma
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Cardioceratidae : Cadoceras : Cadoceras comma164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Cadoceras (Paracadoceras) tonniense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Paracadoceras : Cadoceras (Paracadoceras) tonniense164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Cadoceras (Pseudocadoceras) grewingki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Cadoceras : Cadoceras (Pseudocadoceras) grewingki164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Radulonectites sosneadoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Radulonectites : Radulonectites sosneadoensis190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Rhynchonella varians
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Rhynchonella : Rhynchonella varians170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Legionarictis fortidens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mustelidae : Legionarictis : Legionarictis fortidens15.97 - 13.6 Ma
Miocene
Balanus crenatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Balanus : Balanus crenatus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Balanus rostratus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Balanus : Balanus rostratus2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Phoberogale shareri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Ursidae : Phoberogale : Phoberogale shareri30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Sulevorthis parvicrassicostatus
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Orthidae : Sulevorthis : Sulevorthis parvicrassicostatus470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Gypidula cornuta
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Gypidulidae : Gypidula : Gypidula cornuta419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Eleodes (Eleodes) acuticauda
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Eleodes : Eleodes (Eleodes) acuticauda0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eleodes (Eleodes) grandicollis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Eleodes : Eleodes (Eleodes) grandicollis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bembidion (Ochthedromus) davidae
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Bembidion : Bembidion (Ochthedromus) davidae20.44 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Notiophilus vancouveri
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Brachyceridae : Notiophilus : Notiophilus vancouveri0.126 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Donacia (Donacia) draycoti
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae : Donacia : Donacia (Donacia) draycoti0.126 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Donacia (Donacia) lynni
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae : Donacia : Donacia (Donacia) lynni0.126 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Scaphinotus interruptus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Scaphinotus : Scaphinotus interruptus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eleodes (Eleodes) gracilis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Eleodes : Eleodes (Eleodes) gracilis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Eleodes (Xysta) gigantea
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae : Eleodes : Eleodes (Xysta) gigantea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pentamerus (Barrandella)
subgenus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Pentameridae : Pentamerus : Pentamerus (Barrandella)427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Phragmorthis buttsi
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Phragmorthidae : Phragmorthis : Phragmorthis buttsi460.9 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Emarginula dotyhillsensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Lepetellida : Fissurellidae : Emarginula : Emarginula dotyhillsensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Liotia washingtoniana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Liotiidae : Liotia : Liotia washingtoniana41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Solariella (Solariella) garrardensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Solariella : Solariella (Solariella) garrardensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Pterynotus (Pterynotus) washingtonicus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Pterynotus : Pterynotus (Pterynotus) washingtonicus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Eopecten hartzi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Eopecten : Eopecten hartzi201.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Glossites lingualis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Grammysiidae : Glossites : Glossites lingualis237 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Discinidae
family
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Discinidae100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nuculana (Praesaccella) ovum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana (Praesaccella) ovum189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Parallelodon groeberi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Parallelodon : Parallelodon groeberi189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Grammatodon (Grammatodon)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Parallelodontidae : Grammatodon : Grammatodon (Grammatodon)190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Arctomytiloides turomtchensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Arctomytiloides : Arctomytiloides turomtchensis196.5 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Gervillaria pallas
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Gervillaria : Gervillaria pallas189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Kedonella mytileformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Bakevelliidae : Kedonella : Kedonella mytileformis183 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Posidonotis semiplicata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Posidoniidae : Posidonotis : Posidonotis semiplicata199.3 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Antiquilima (Antiquilima) nagatoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Antiquilima : Antiquilima (Antiquilima) nagatoensis189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Antiquilima (Antiquilima) succincta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Antiquilima : Antiquilima (Antiquilima) succincta201.3 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Plagiostoma euximium
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Limida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma euximium189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Plagiostoma semicircularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plagiostoma : Plagiostoma semicircularis189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Placunopsis radiata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Anomiidae : Placunopsis : Placunopsis radiata189.6 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic
Ochotochlamys aequistriata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Ochotochlamys : Ochotochlamys aequistriata199.3 - 190.8 Ma
Early Jurassic
Ochotochlamys bureiensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Ochotochlamys : Ochotochlamys bureiensis190.8 - 182.7 Ma
Early Jurassic
Weyla (Weyla) alata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Neitheidae : Weyla : Weyla (Weyla) alata201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Weyla (Weyla) bodenbenderi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Neitheidae : Weyla : Weyla (Weyla) bodenbenderi201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Weyla (Weyla) meeki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Neitheidae : Weyla : Weyla (Weyla) meeki196.5 - 189.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Weyla (Lywea) unca
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Neitheidae : Weyla : Weyla (Lywea) unca201.3 - 174.1 Ma
Jurassic
Dicoelosia jonesridgensis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Dicoelosiidae : Dicoelosia : Dicoelosia jonesridgensis449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Pholidops
genus
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Pholidops427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Orbiculoidea pileolus
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Lingulida : Disciniidae : Orbiculoidea : Orbiculoidea pileolus171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Euidothyris francescalaurae
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Postepithyrididae : Euidothyris : Euidothyris francescalaurae171.6 - 167.7 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Ptilorhynchia jeletzkyi
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Rhynchonellida : Rhynchonellidae : Ptilorhynchia : Ptilorhynchia jeletzkyi150.8 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic
Skenidioides multifarius
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Protorthida : Skenidiidae : Skenidioides : Skenidioides multifarius470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Ptychopleurella uniplicata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Hesperorthidae : Ptychopleurella : Ptychopleurella uniplicata470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Epitomyonia relicina
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Dicoelosiidae : Epitomyonia : Epitomyonia relicina449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Laticrura erecta
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Linoporellidae : Laticrura : Laticrura erecta449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Conchidium bilocularis
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Subrianidae : Conchidium : Conchidium bilocularis427.4 - 423 Ma
Silurian
Eucymatoceras plicatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Eucymatoceras : Eucymatoceras plicatum122.46 - 112.03 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Nucleospira ventricosa
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Nucleospiridae : Nucleospira : Nucleospira ventricosa427.4 - 419.2 Ma
Paleozoic
Cymatoceras carlottense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Cymatoceras : Cymatoceras carlottense105.3 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Eutrephoceras campbelli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Eutrephoceras : Eutrephoceras campbelli89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Aturia angustata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Aturiidae : Aturia : Aturia angustata37.2 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Aturia dickersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Aturiidae : Aturia : Aturia dickersoni61.6 - 41.3 Ma
Paleogene
Aturia grandior
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Aturiidae : Aturia : Aturia grandior38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Aturia kerniana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Aturiidae : Aturia : Aturia kerniana47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Tehamatea
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Tehamatea130 - 125.45 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Nebria sahlbergi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Nebria : Nebria sahlbergi0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Morychus oblongus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Byrrhidae : Morychus : Morychus oblongus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Micropeplus laticollis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Micropeplus : Micropeplus laticollis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cryphalus ruficollis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Cryphalus : Cryphalus ruficollis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Atrecus macrocephalus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Atrecus : Atrecus macrocephalus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Stenus comma
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Stenus : Stenus comma0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Simplocaria tessellata
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Byrrhidae : Simplocaria : Simplocaria tessellata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Carphoborus carri
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Carphoborus : Carphoborus carri0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Carphoborus vandykei
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Carphoborus : Carphoborus vandykei0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hylastes gracilis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Hylastes : Hylastes gracilis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Orthotomicus caelatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Orthotomicus : Orthotomicus caelatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Phloeotribus lecontei
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Phloeotribus : Phloeotribus lecontei0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pityokteines
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Pityokteines0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pityokteines ornatus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Pityokteines : Pityokteines ornatus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Scierus annectans
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Scierus : Scierus annectans0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Leptothorax muscorum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Leptothorax : Leptothorax muscorum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Myrmica incompleta
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Formicidae : Myrmica : Myrmica incompleta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Orobanus
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Orobanus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Phyllotreta
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae : Phyllotreta0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Bembidion (Notaphus) dorsale
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Bembidion : Bembidion (Notaphus) dorsale0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Hapalaraea
genus
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Coleoptera : Staphylinidae : Hapalaraea0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Mytilus quadratus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus quadratus83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus (Endocostea) cymbaeformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Endocostea) cymbaeformis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lyriochlamys traskii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Lyriochlamys : Lyriochlamys traskii93.9 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Spondylus subnodosus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Spondylidae : Spondylus : Spondylus subnodosus83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Amphidonte (Amphidonte) parasitica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Gryphaeidae : Amphidonte : Amphidonte (Amphidonte) parasitica89.8 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cynelos malasi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Amphicyonidae : Cynelos : Cynelos malasi30.8 - 20.43 Ma
Cenozoic
Semicossyphus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Labriformes : Labridae : Semicossyphus11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Eleocharis
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Poales : Cyperaceae : Eleocharis0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lemna
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Liliopsida : Alismatales : Araceae : Lemna0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Polygonum
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Caryophyllales : Polygonaceae : Polygonum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Utricularia
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Lamiales : Lentibulariaceae : Utricularia0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Botrychium
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Polypodiopsida : Ophioglossales : Ophioglossaceae : Botrychium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Aythya marila
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Aythya : Aythya marila0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Centronella navicella
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Centronellidae : Centronella : Centronella navicella419.2 - 358.9 Ma
Devonian
Galium
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Gentianales : Rubiaceae : Galium0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Dumortieria levesquei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Dumortieria : Dumortieria levesquei180.1 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Leconteites lecontei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cleoniceratidae : Leconteites : Leconteites lecontei112.03 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cardiomya pavascotti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cuspidariidae : Cardiomya : Cardiomya pavascotti38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Cardiomya anaticepsella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cuspidariidae : Cardiomya : Cardiomya anaticepsella38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Cochlodesma bainbridgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Periplomatidae : Cochlodesma : Cochlodesma bainbridgensis38 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pandora eocapsella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pandorida : Pandoridae : Pandora : Pandora eocapsella38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Modiolus willapaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus willapaensis37.2 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Calyptogena (Calyptogena) chinookensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Vesicomyidae : Vesicomya (Calyptogena) : Calyptogena (Calyptogena) chinookensis37.2 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Sciponoceras gracile
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Baculitidae : Sciponoceras : Sciponoceras gracile100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Champlainopora chazyensis
species
Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Trepostomida : Champlainopora : Champlainopora chazyensis466 - 457.5 Ma
Ordovician
Tenagodus californiensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siliquariidae : Tenagodus : Tenagodus californiensis59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Ranunculus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Ranunculales : Ranunculaceae : Ranunculus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cynarctoides whistleri
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Canidae : Cynarctoides : Cynarctoides whistleri20.43 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ypresioneura obscura
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Neuroptera : Corydasialidae : Ypresioneura : Ypresioneura obscura56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Constellaria islensis
species
Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Constellariidae : Constellaria : Constellaria islensis466 - 457.5 Ma
Ordovician
Conchocele bathyaulax
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Conchocele : Conchocele bathyaulax38 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Conchocele taylori
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Conchocele : Conchocele taylori37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Epilucina washingtoniana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Epilucina : Epilucina washingtoniana38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Kellia saxiriva
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Galeommatida : Lasaeidae : Kellia : Kellia saxiriva38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Anechinocardium lorenzanum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Anechinocardium : Anechinocardium lorenzanum33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Moerella quasimacoma
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Moerella : Moerella quasimacoma38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Lamelliconcha clarki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Lamelliconcha : Lamelliconcha clarki38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Mesopuzosia intermedia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Mesopuzosia : Mesopuzosia intermedia100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Riccardiceras longalvum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Stephanoceratidae : Riccardiceras : Riccardiceras longalvum171.6 - 168.4 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Miotomodon mayi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Miotomodon : Miotomodon mayi10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Buchia concentrica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Buchiidae : Buchia : Buchia concentrica163.5 - 152.1 Ma
Jurassic
Bernaya (Bernaya) crawfordcatei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Bernaya : Bernaya (Bernaya) crawfordcatei83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bernaya (Protocypraea) berryessae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Bernaya : Bernaya (Protocypraea) berryessae93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eocypraea (Eocypraea) louellae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Eocypraeidae : Eocypraea : Eocypraea (Eocypraea) louellae93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Meleagris richmondi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Phasianidae : Meleagris : Meleagris richmondi2.588 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Podiceps nigricollis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes : Podicipedidae : Podiceps : Podiceps nigricollis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Fulmarus glacialis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Procellariiformes : Procellariidae : Fulmarus : Fulmarus glacialis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Pelecanus occidentalis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Pelecanidae : Pelecanus : Pelecanus occidentalis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Phalacrocorax pelagicus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Phalacrocoracidae : Phalacrocorax : Phalacrocorax pelagicus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anser caerulescens
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Anser : Anser caerulescens0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Melanitta fusca
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Melanitta : Melanitta fusca0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Zonaria (Neobernaya) spadicea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Neobernaya : Zonaria (Neobernaya) spadicea5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Eocypraea (Eocypraea) castacensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Eocypraeidae : Eocypraea : Eocypraea (Eocypraea) castacensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Pelecanidae : Pelecanus : Pelecanus erythrorhynchos0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Botaurus lentiginosus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae : Botaurus : Botaurus lentiginosus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Anser rossii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Anser : Anser rossii0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Rallus longirostris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : Rallus : Rallus longirostris0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Eopustularia goedertorum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Eopustularia : Eopustularia goedertorum56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cypraeogemmula warnerae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ovulidae : Cypraeogemmula : Cypraeogemmula warnerae56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Bernaya (Protocypraea) louellasaulae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Bernaya : Bernaya (Protocypraea) louellasaulae83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bernaya (Protocypraea) popenoei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cypraeidae : Bernaya : Bernaya (Protocypraea) popenoei83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Woodburnehyus grenaderae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Tayassuidae : Woodburnehyus : Woodburnehyus grenaderae13.6 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Acesta (Plicacesta) haseltinei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Plicacesta : Acesta (Plicacesta) haseltinei61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Bulbificopsis garza
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ficidae : Bulbificopsis : Bulbificopsis garza72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pentzia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Pentzia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ypresiosirex orthosemos
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Siricidae : Ypresiosirex : Ypresiosirex orthosemos56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cuspilongus cachecreekensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Cephidae : Cuspilongus : Cuspilongus cachecreekensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Garzasia diabla
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Capulidae : Garzasia : Garzasia diabla72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Garzasia intermedia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trichotropidae : Garzasia : Garzasia intermedia83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus) subcompressus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Pachydiscidae : Pachydiscus : Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus) subcompressus72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eratotrivia crescentensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Triviidae : Eratotrivia : Eratotrivia crescentensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Macginitiea gracilis
species
Macginitiea : Macginitiea gracilis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Turritella chaneyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella chaneyi72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Myrtophyllum
genus
Myrtophyllum113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Spirocrypta pileum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trichotropidae : Spirocrypta : Spirocrypta pileum48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Galeodea petersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cassidae : Galeodea : Galeodea petersoni48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Aporrhais veta
species
Aporrhais veta93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Alarimella veta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Alarimella : Alarimella veta93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Alarimella anae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Alarimella : Alarimella anae93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudanchura biangulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Pseudanchura : Pseudanchura biangulata130 - 125.45 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Oxyeurax trapezoidalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Oxyeurax : Oxyeurax trapezoidalis130 - 125.45 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Crepidula (Spirocrypta) pileum
species
Crepidula (Spirocrypta) pileum48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Spirocrypta inornata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trichotropidae : Spirocrypta : Spirocrypta inornata56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Domenginella claytonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Domenginella : Domenginella claytonensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Trachybaculites columna
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Baculitidae : Trachybaculites : Trachybaculites columna72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sulcocypraea moumieti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Eocypraeidae : Sulcocypraea : Sulcocypraea moumieti56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Igonoia
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Turbinidae : Igonoia93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Zizyphoides
genus
Zizyphoides56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Chaneya tenuis
species
Chaneya : Chaneya tenuis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Dactylioceras kanense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Dactylioceratidae : Dactylioceras : Dactylioceras kanense183 - 182 Ma
Early Jurassic
Homalopoma umpquaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Colloniidae : Homalopoma : Homalopoma umpquaensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Homalopoma pacifica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Homalopoma : Homalopoma pacifica11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Ischnochiton goederti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Ischnochitonidae : Ischnochiton : Ischnochiton goederti38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Lepidochitona washingtonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Lepidochitonidae : Lepidochitona : Lepidochitona washingtonensis38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Lepidochitona squiresi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Lepidochitonidae : Lepidochitona : Lepidochitona squiresi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Craspedochiton eernissei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Chitonida : Acanthochitonidae : Craspedochiton : Craspedochiton eernissei38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Anglonautilus catarinae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Cymatoceratidae : Anglonautilus : Anglonautilus catarinae83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sitsqwayk cornishorum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Sitsqwayk : Sitsqwayk cornishorum28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Psiloceras planorbis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Psiloceratidae : Psiloceras : Psiloceras planorbis201.3 - 199.3 Ma
Early Jurassic
Desmoceras inane
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Desmoceras : Desmoceras inane100.5 - 93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dentalium rectius
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium : Dentalium rectius5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Palaeoscinis turdirostris
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Palaeoscinidae : Palaeoscinis : Palaeoscinis turdirostris15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Eotaria citrica
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Phocidae : Eotaria : Eotaria citrica15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Dorsetensia liostraca
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sonniniidae : Dorsetensia : Dorsetensia liostraca170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Stephanodiscus
genus
Bacillariophyta : Mediophyceae : Stephanodiscales : Stephanodiscaceae : Stephanodiscus0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Stephanodiscus excentricus
species
Bacillariophyta : Mediophyceae : Stephanodiscales : Stephanodiscaceae : Stephanodiscus : Stephanodiscus excentricus0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Branta hutchinsii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Branta : Branta hutchinsii0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Dumortieria insignisimilis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Hildoceratidae : Dumortieria : Dumortieria insignisimilis180.1 - 175.6 Ma
Early Jurassic
Lilloettia tipperi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Sphaeroceratidae : Lilloettia : Lilloettia tipperi164.7 - 161.2 Ma
Jurassic
Cardioceras (Scarburgiceras) martini
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Cardioceras : Cardioceras (Scarburgiceras) martini161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Cardioceras (Cardioceras) hyatti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Cardioceras : Cardioceras (Cardioceras) hyatti161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Cardioceras (Cardioceras) lillooetense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Cardioceratidae : Cardioceras : Cardioceras (Cardioceras) lillooetense161.2 - 155.7 Ma
Jurassic
Didymoceras vancouverensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Nostoceratidae : Didymoceras : Didymoceras vancouverensis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anchura halberdopsis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Anchura : Anchura halberdopsis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anchura ainikta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Anchura : Anchura ainikta83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Fimbria pacifica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Fimbria : Fimbria pacifica56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Calva peninsularis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Calva : Calva peninsularis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tenagodus bajaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siliquariidae : Tenagodus : Tenagodus bajaensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Opis (Hesperopis) popenoei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis : Opis (Hesperopis) popenoei93.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Opis (Hesperopis) holzana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis : Opis (Hesperopis) holzana93.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Opis (Hesperopis) anae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis : Opis (Hesperopis) anae93.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Opis (Hesperopis) vancouverensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis : Opis (Hesperopis) vancouverensis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Opis (Hesperopis) triangulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis : Opis (Hesperopis) triangulata72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Rhabdammina eocenica
species
Foraminifera : Rhizamminidae : Rhabdammina : Rhabdammina eocenica41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Bathysiphon eocenica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Monothalamea : Astrorhizida : Rhabdamminidae : Bathysiphon : Bathysiphon eocenica41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Bathysiphon sanctaecrucis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Monothalamea : Astrorhizida : Rhabdamminidae : Bathysiphon : Bathysiphon sanctaecrucis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Reophax pilulifer
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Reophacidae : Reophax : Reophax pilulifer33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Discammina eocenica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Discamminidae : Discammina : Discammina eocenica33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Haplophragmoides flagleri
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Haplophragmoididae : Haplophragmoides : Haplophragmoides flagleri41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Haplophragmoides obliquicameratus
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Haplophragmoididae : Haplophragmoides : Haplophragmoides obliquicameratus41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyclammina clarki
species
Foraminifera : Lituolidae : Cyclammina : Cyclammina clarki33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cyclammina incisa
species
Foraminifera : Lituolidae : Cyclammina : Cyclammina incisa33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Ammobaculites cubensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Lituolidae : Ammobaculites : Ammobaculites cubensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Spiroplectammina eocenica
species
Foraminifera : Spiroplectamminidae : Spiroplectammina : Spiroplectammina eocenica41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Vulvulina curta
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Spiroplectamminidae : Vulvulina : Vulvulina curta41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Gaudryina laevigata
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Verneuilinidae : Gaudryina : Gaudryina laevigata33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Dorothia californica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Eggerellidae : Dorothia : Dorothia californica33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Plectina garzaensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Prolixoplectidae : Plectina : Plectina garzaensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Plectina ruthenica
species
Foraminifera : Prolixoplectidae : Plectina : Plectina ruthenica33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Karreriella barbati
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Eggerellidae : Karreriella : Karreriella barbati33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Karreriella mediaaquaensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Eggerellidae : Karreriella : Karreriella mediaaquaensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Martinottiella eocenica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Textulariida : Eggerellidae : Martinottiella : Martinottiella eocenica41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Trochammina albertensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Lituolida : Trochamminidae : Trochammina : Trochammina albertensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Spiroloculina lamposa
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Tubothalamea : Miliolida : Spiroloculinidae : Spiroloculina : Spiroloculina lamposa41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Robulus alatolimbatus
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus alatolimbatus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Scaphander costatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Scaphander : Scaphander costatus66 - 37.2 Ma
Paleogene
Haminea postangulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Haminoeidae : Haminoea : Haminea postangulata56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Gemmula diabloensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Gemmula : Gemmula diabloensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Gemmula wattsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Gemmula : Gemmula wattsi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Drillia hartleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Drilliidae : Drillia : Drillia hartleyensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Turricula cooperi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Turricula : Turricula cooperi56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Siphonalia sutterensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Siphonalia : Siphonalia sutterensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Admete (Bonellitia) stantoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Bonellitia : Admete (Bonellitia) stantoni56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Oliva meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Oliva : Oliva meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Fusinus meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Fusinus : Fusinus meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Bulbifusus californicus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Mazzalina : Bulbifusus californicus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Galeodea sutterensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Galeodea : Galeodea sutterensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Parvisipho meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Parvisipho : Parvisipho meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pseudoliva dilleri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Pseudoliva : Pseudoliva dilleri56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Brachysphingus mammilatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Brachysphingus : Brachysphingus mammilatus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Molopophorus californicus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Molopophorus : Molopophorus californicus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Turritella merriami
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella merriami56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Turritella meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Polinices (Euspira) gesteri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Euspira : Polinices (Euspira) gesteri56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Polinices (Euspira) hornii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Euspira : Polinices (Euspira) hornii66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Solariella hartleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Solariellidae : Solariella : Solariella hartleyensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Dentalium cooperi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium : Dentalium cooperi83.5 - 47.8 Ma
Phanerozoic
Dentalium stramineum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium : Dentalium stramineum66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Schizaster diabloensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Schizaster : Schizaster diabloensis56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Robulus arcuatostriatus
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus arcuatostriatus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Robulus clericii
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus clericii41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Robulus clypeiformis
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus clypeiformis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Robulus inornatus
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus inornatus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Robulus insuetus
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Lenticulina : Robulus insuetus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Robulus kincaidi
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Lenticulina : Robulus kincaidi41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Robulus propinquus
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus propinquus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Robulus simplex
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus simplex33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Robulus terryi
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Lenticulina : Robulus terryi41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Robulus warmani
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Robulus : Robulus warmani33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Lenticulina convergens
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Lenticulina : Lenticulina convergens41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Planularia caribbeana
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Planularia : Planularia caribbeana41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Marginulina eximia
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Marginulina : Marginulina eximia33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Marginulina munda
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Vaginulinidae : Marginulina : Marginulina munda41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Saracenaria acutiauricularis
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Saracenaria : Saracenaria acutiauricularis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dentalina consobrina
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina consobrina41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dentalina cooperensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina cooperensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dentalina jarvisi
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina jarvisi41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dentalina legumen
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina legumen41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dentalina nasuta
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina nasuta41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dentalina pauperata
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina pauperata41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dentalina quadrulata
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina quadrulata33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Dentalina spinosa
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Dentalina : Dentalina spinosa41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Nodosaria holserica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Nodosariidae : Nodosaria : Nodosaria holserica33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Nodosaria pyrula
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Nodosaria : Nodosaria pyrula41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Pseudoglandulina ovata
species
Foraminifera : Pseudoglandulina : Pseudoglandulina ovata41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Bruclarkia columbiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siphonaliidae : Bruclarkia : Bruclarkia columbiana28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Ptychosyrinx columbiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Ptychosyrinx : Ptychosyrinx columbiana33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Acila (Truncacila) shumardi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) shumardi48.6 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Mytilus snohomishensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus snohomishensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pitar (Pitar) dalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitar : Pitar (Pitar) dalli33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Macrocallista pittsburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Macrocallista pittsburgensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Mactromeris pittsburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactromeris : Mactromeris pittsburgensis48.6 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Solena (Eosolen) eugenensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solena (Eosolen) eugenensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Inoceramus (Platyceramus)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus (Platyceramus)86.3 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Camptonectes virgatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Camptonectes : Camptonectes virgatus89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Anoptambonites myiomorpheus
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Hesperomenidae : Anoptambonites : Anoptambonites myiomorpheus449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Sigmelasma pantherae
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Wangyuiidae : Sigmelasma : Sigmelasma pantherae466 - 449.5 Ma
Ordovician
Elasmothyris limata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Linoporellidae : Elasmothyris : Elasmothyris limata449.5 - 443.7 Ma
Paleozoic
Ptychopleurella mediocostata
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Hesperorthidae : Ptychopleurella : Ptychopleurella mediocostata470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Rhinoscymnus
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Squaliformes : Somniosidae : Rhinoscymnus38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Anoptambonites myriomorpheus
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Hesperomenidae : Anoptambonites : Anoptambonites myriomorpheus470 - 443.4 Ma
Paleozoic
Lagena strumosa
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Lagenidae : Lagena : Lagena strumosa33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Frondicularia tenuissima
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Frondicularia : Frondicularia tenuissima41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Rectoguembelina trinitatensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Heterohelicidae : Rectoguembelina : Rectoguembelina trinitatensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Plectofrondicularia kerni
species
Foraminifera : Plectofrondicularia : Plectofrondicularia kerni41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Plectofrondicularia miocenica
species
Foraminifera : Plectofrondicularia : Plectofrondicularia miocenica33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Plectofrondicularia packardi
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Nodosariidae : Plectofrondicularia packardi33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Plectofrondicularia trinitatensis
species
Foraminifera : Plectofrondicularia : Plectofrondicularia trinitatensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Plectofrondicularia vaughani
species
Foraminifera : Plectofrondicularia : Plectofrondicularia vaughani41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphimorphina ignota
species
Foraminifera : Amphimorphina : Amphimorphina ignota41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Nodogenerina adolphina
species
Foraminifera : Nodogenerina : Nodogenerina adolphina41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Nodogenerina advena
species
Foraminifera : Nodogenerina : Nodogenerina advena33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Nodogenerina sanctaecrucis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Lagenida : Stilostomellidae : Siphonodosaria : Nodogenerina sanctaecrucis41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Nodogenerina wegemanni
species
Foraminifera : Nodogenerina : Nodogenerina wegemanni41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Buliminella subfusiformis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Buliminellidae : Buliminella : Buliminella subfusiformis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Bulimina ovata
species
Foraminifera : Buliminidae : Bulimina : Bulimina ovata41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Bulimina rinconensis
species
Foraminifera : Buliminidae : Bulimina : Bulimina rinconensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Bulimina socialis
species
Foraminifera : Buliminidae : Bulimina : Bulimina socialis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Globobulimina pacifica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Buliminidae : Globobulimina : Globobulimina pacifica37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Virgulina bramlettei
species
Foraminifera : Buliminidae : Virgulina : Virgulina bramlettei41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Virgulina dibollensis
species
Foraminifera : Buliminidae : Virgulina : Virgulina dibollensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Bolivina gracilis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Bolivinitidae : Bolivina : Bolivina gracilis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Bifarina eleganta
species
Foraminifera : Bifarina : Bifarina eleganta41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Uvigerinella obesa
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Uvigerinidae : Uvigerinella : Uvigerinella obesa33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Uvigerina garzaensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Uvigerinidae : Uvigerina : Uvigerina garzaensis41.3 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Hopkinsina compressa
species
Foraminifera : Uvigerinidae : Hopkinsina : Hopkinsina compressa33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Xyrinius barbarae
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Clupeiformes : Clupeidae : Xyrinius : Xyrinius barbarae23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Galeorhinus hannibali
species
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Triakidae : Galeorhinus : Galeorhinus hannibali5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Carcharodon arnoldi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Lamniformes : Lamnidae : Carcharodon : Carcharodon arnoldi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Scymnorhinus occidentalis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Squaliformes : Scymnorhinidae : Scymnorhinus : Scymnorhinus occidentalis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Squatina lerichei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Squatiniformes : Squatinidae : Squatina : Squatina lerichei15.97 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Ellipsonodosaria
genus
Foraminifera : Ellipsoidinidae : Ellipsonodosaria41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Ellipsonodosaria alexanderi
species
Foraminifera : Ellipsoidinidae : Ellipsonodosaria : Ellipsonodosaria alexanderi41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Ellipsonodosaria atlantisae
species
Foraminifera : Ellipsoidinidae : Ellipsonodosaria : Ellipsonodosaria atlantisae41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Ellipsonodosaria recta
species
Foraminifera : Ellipsoidinidae : Ellipsonodosaria : Ellipsonodosaria recta33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Ellipsonodosaria spinulosa
species
Foraminifera : Ellipsoidinidae : Ellipsonodosaria : Ellipsonodosaria spinulosa41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Valvulineria tumeyensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cancrisidae : Valvulineria : Valvulineria tumeyensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Valvulineria wilcoxensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cancrisidae : Valvulineria : Valvulineria wilcoxensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Gyroidina condoni
species
Foraminifera : Rotaliidae : Gyroidina : Gyroidina condoni33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Gyroidina orbicularis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Gavelinellidae : Gyroidina : Gyroidina orbicularis41.3 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Gyroidina planulata
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Gavelinellidae : Gyroidina : Gyroidina planulata33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Eponides keenani
species
Foraminifera : Eponididae : Eponides : Eponides keenani33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Eponides kleinpelli
species
Foraminifera : Eponididae : Eponides : Eponides kleinpelli33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Eponides lodoensis
species
Foraminifera : Eponididae : Eponides : Eponides lodoensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Eponides mexicana
species
Foraminifera : Eponididae : Eponides : Eponides mexicana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Eponides umbonatus
species
Foraminifera : Eponididae : Eponides : Eponides umbonatus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Epistomina eocenica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Robertinida : Epistominidae : Epistomina : Epistomina eocenica41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Cancris mexicanus
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cancrisidae : Cancris : Cancris mexicanus41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Asterigerina crassaformis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Asterigerinidae : Asterigerina : Asterigerina crassaformis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Cassidulina crassipunctata
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cassidulinidae : Cassidulina : Cassidulina crassipunctata33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cassidulina diversa
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cassidulinidae : Cassidulina : Cassidulina diversa41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Cassidulina globosa
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cassidulinidae : Cassidulina : Cassidulina globosa33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Chilostomella hadleyi
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Chilostomellidae : Chilostomella : Chilostomella hadleyi41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Chilostomelloides ovicula
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Chilostomellidae : Chilostomelloides : Chilostomelloides ovicula41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Chilostomelloides oviformis
species
Foraminifera : Chilostomelloides : Chilostomelloides oviformis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Pullenia eocenica
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Nonionidae : Pullenia : Pullenia eocenica41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Pullenia quinqueloba
species
Foraminifera : Chilostomellidae : Pullenia : Pullenia quinqueloba41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Sphaeroidina gredalensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Sphaeroidinidae : Sphaeroidina : Sphaeroidina gredalensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Globigerina decepta
species
Foraminifera : Globigerinidae : Globigerina : Globigerina decepta41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Globigerina ouachitaensis
species
Foraminifera : Globigerinidae : Globigerina : Globigerina ouachitaensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Globigerina triloculinoides
species
Foraminifera : Globigerinidae : Globigerina : Globigerina triloculinoides41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Hantkenina alabamensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Hantkeninidae : Hantkenina : Hantkenina alabamensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Globorotalia crassata
species
Foraminifera : Globorotaliidae : Globorotalia : Globorotalia crassata41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Anomalina californiensis
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Anomalinidae : Anomalina : Anomalina californiensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Anomalina garzaensis
species
Foraminifera : Anomalinidae : Anomalina : Anomalina garzaensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Anomalinoides globosa
species
Foraminifera : Heterolepidae : Anomalinoides : Anomalinoides globosa41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Cibicides cushmani
species
Chromista : Foraminifera : Globothalamea : Rotaliida : Cibicididae : Cibicides : Cibicides cushmani41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Cibicides pseudoungerianus
species
Foraminifera : Cibicididae : Cibicides : Cibicides pseudoungerianus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cibicidoides midwayensis
species
Foraminifera : Cibicididae : Cibicidoides : Cibicidoides midwayensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Marginulina adunca
species
Foraminifera : Nodosariidae : Marginulina : Marginulina adunca33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Acmaea dickersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Acmaeidae : Acmaea : Acmaea dickersoni33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Glycymeris sagittata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris sagittata56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Glycymeris crescentensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris crescentensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pteria clarki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pteriidae : Pteria : Pteria clarki41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Brachidontes (Brachidontes) cowlitzensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Brachidontes : Brachidontes (Brachidontes) cowlitzensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Venericardia clarki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia clarki48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Venericardia crescentensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardia : Venericardia crescentensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Corbula dickersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Corbulidae : Corbula : Corbula dickersoni56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Solariella (Solariella) crescentensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Solariella : Solariella (Solariella) crescentensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Anorthoscutum oregonensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Scutellidae : Anorthoscutum : Anorthoscutum oregonensis23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Brisaster maximus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Brisaster : Brisaster maximus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Polynemamussium davidsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Parvamussium : Polynemamussium davidsoni0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Patinopecten (Lituyapecten)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Patinopecten : Patinopecten (Lituyapecten)11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Neithea (Neithea)
subgenus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Neithea : Neithea (Neithea)132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cyclocardia moniligena
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cyclocardia : Cyclocardia moniligena38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Bathybembix columbiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calliotropidae : Bathybembix : Bathybembix columbiana38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Bathybembix nitor
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Eucyclidae : Bathybembix : Bathybembix nitor38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Patelloida tejonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Lottiidae : Patelloida : Patelloida tejonensis41.3 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Solariella cicca
species
Solariella cicca38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Turritella keaseyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella keaseyensis38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Turritella oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella oregonensis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Brachysphingus sinuatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Brachysphingus : Brachysphingus sinuatus66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Olympicetus avitus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Olympicetus : Olympicetus avitus28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cryptonatica aleutica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Cryptonatica : Cryptonatica aleutica3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Nucella lamellosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Nucella : Nucella lamellosa13.82 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Mitrella gausapata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : Mitrella : Mitrella gausapata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Megasurcula carpenteriana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Megasurcula : Megasurcula carpenteriana5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Diodora aspera
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Fissurellidae : Diodora : Diodora aspera0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Calliostoma gemmulatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochida : Calliostomatidae : Calliostoma : Calliostoma gemmulatum5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Crepidula nummaria
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Crepidula : Crepidula nummaria5.333 - 0.0117 Ma
Cenozoic
Calyptraea fastigiata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea : Calyptraea fastigiata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Cylichna attonsa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Cylichna : Cylichna attonsa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Acteocina culcitella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Acteocina : Acteocina culcitella5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Acteon punctocaelatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectibranchia : Acteonidae : Acteon : Acteon punctocaelatus5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mangelia interlirata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Mangeliidae : Cythara (Mangelia) : Mangelia interlirata5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Mitrella tuberosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Columbellidae : Mitrella : Mitrella tuberosa0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Lacuna carinata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinidae : Lacuna : Lacuna carinata0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Tellina eugenia
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina eugenia33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Macoma (Macoma) golikovi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma (Macoma) golikovi20.44 - 11.62 Ma
Miocene
Popenoella hemphilli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Steinmanellidae : Popenoella : Popenoella hemphilli83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dallinella smithi
species
Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Terebrataliidae : Dallinella : Dallinella smithi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Yoldia gesteri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia gesteri66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Ostraea weaveri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostrea : Ostraea weaveri66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Crassatellites studleyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatellites studleyi61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Phacoides quadrata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Phacoides : Phacoides quadrata66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Meretrix stantoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Meretrix : Meretrix stantoni66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Meretrix dalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Meretrix : Meretrix dalli66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Macrocallista packi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Macrocallista packi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Paphia clarki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Paphia : Paphia clarki66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Tellina herndonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina herndonensis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Tellina packardi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina packardi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Tellina perrini
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina perrini66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Psammobia cylindrica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Psammobiidae : Psammobia : Psammobia cylindrica66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Acmaea martinezensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Acmaeidae : Acmaea : Acmaea martinezensis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Anchura gabbi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Anchura : Anchura gabbi61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Seraphs thompsoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Seraphsidae : Seraphs : Seraphs thompsoni66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Tritonium buwaldi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Charoniidae : Charonia : Tritonium buwaldi66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Fusus dumblei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Fusinus : Fusus dumblei66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Turris louderbacki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Turris : Turris louderbacki61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Surcula merriami
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Turricula : Surcula merriami61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Surcula fairbanksi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Turricula : Surcula fairbanksi61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Pseudoetringus kreyenhagius
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Clupeiformes : Clupeoidei : Pseudoetringus : Pseudoetringus kreyenhagius48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Wisslerius sardinelloides
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Clupeiformes : Clupeidae : Wisslerius : Wisslerius sardinelloides48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Alosa ganolytoides
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Clupeiformes : Clupeidae : Alosa : Alosa ganolytoides48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Beckius plicatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Coregonidae : Beckius : Beckius plicatus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cyclolepoides
genus
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cyclolepidae : Cyclolepoides48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cyclolepoides tuberculatus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cyclolepidae : Cyclolepoides : Cyclolepoides tuberculatus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Iniomus fossilis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Aulopiformes : Chlorophthalmidae : Iniomus : Iniomus fossilis48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Praescomberesox pacificus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Beloniformes : Scomberesocidae : Praescomberesox : Praescomberesox pacificus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Eoexocoetus eocenicus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Beloniformes : Hemiramphidae : Eoexocoetus : Eoexocoetus eocenicus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Bregmaceros kreyenhagus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Gadiformes : Bregmacerotidae : Bregmaceros : Bregmaceros kreyenhagus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Parapolymixia californica
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Polymixiiformes : Polymixiidae : Parapolymixia : Parapolymixia californica48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Beryx sanjoaquinensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Beryciformes : Berycidae : Beryx : Beryx sanjoaquinensis48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Beryx eogenus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Beryciformes : Berycidae : Beryx : Beryx eogenus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Paramorone eocenica
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Moronidae : Paramorone : Paramorone eocenica48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Kreyenhagenius joaquinensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Kurtiformes : Denticidae : Kreyenhagenius : Kreyenhagenius joaquinensis48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Praegaleagra pupensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Perciformes : Chilodipteridae : Praegaleagra : Praegaleagra pupensis48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Caranx orolomaensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Carangiformes : Carangidae : Caranx : Caranx orolomaensis48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Eoscombrus chaneyensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Scombriformes : Scombridae : Eoscombrus : Eoscombrus chaneyensis48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Yoldia markleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia markleyensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Crassatellites weaveri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatellites weaveri48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Lucina (Here) hannai
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Here : Lucina (Here) hannai48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Corbicula arnoldi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula : Corbicula arnoldi48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Corbicula oldroydi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula : Corbicula oldroydi48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Myadesma eocenica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Myadesma : Myadesma eocenica48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Mactra (Spisula) markleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Spisula : Mactra (Spisula) markleyensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Neverita secta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Neverita : Neverita secta48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Thiara (Melanoides) calafi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Thiaridae : Melanoides : Thiara (Melanoides) calafi48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Thiara (Melanoides) markleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Thiaridae : Melanoides : Thiara (Melanoides) markleyensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Elimia dickersoni
species
Elimia : Elimia dickersoni48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Elimia schencki
species
Elimia : Elimia schencki48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Benoistia californica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Brachytrematidae : Benoistea : Benoistia californica48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Pseudoliva kirbyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Pseudoliva : Pseudoliva kirbyi48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Pseudoliva markleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Pseudoliva : Pseudoliva markleyensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Cantharus (Endopachychilus) suturalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Cantharus : Cantharus (Endopachychilus) suturalis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Cantharus (Eocantharus) cowlitzensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Cantharus : Cantharus (Eocantharus) cowlitzensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Molopophorus crooki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Molopophorus : Molopophorus crooki48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Urosalpinx kirbyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Urosalpinx : Urosalpinx kirbyi48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Perse markleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Perse : Perse markleyensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Perse tuberculatum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Perse : Perse tuberculatum48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Fusinus markleyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Fusinus : Fusinus markleyensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Latirus kirbyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Latirus : Latirus kirbyi48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Conchocele conradii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Thyasiridae : Conchocele : Conchocele conradii37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Acila (Truncacila) conradi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) conradi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Falco peregrinus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Falco : Falco peregrinus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Ulminium pattersonensis
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Laurales : Lauraceae : Ulminium : Ulminium pattersonensis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ulminium mulleri
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Laurales : Lauraceae : Ulminium : Ulminium mulleri72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plataninium platanoides
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Plataninium : Plataninium platanoides72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plataninium californicum
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Plataninium : Plataninium californicum72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tetracentronites panochetris
species
Tetracentronites : Tetracentronites panochetris72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Limopsis silveradoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Limopsidae : Limopsis : Limopsis silveradoensis93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ostrea crescentica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Ostreidae : Ostrea : Ostrea crescentica93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tellina alisoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina alisoensis83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Amauropsis pseudoalveata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Amauropsis : Amauropsis pseudoalveata93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Alaria nodosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Aporrhaidae : Dicroloma : Alaria nodosa93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Saturnus dubius
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : Saturnus : Saturnus dubius93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Volutoderma magna
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pholidotomidae : Volutoderma : Volutoderma magna93.9 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trinacria cor
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Noetiidae : Trinacria : Trinacria cor83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lima (Acesta) beta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Acesta : Lima (Acesta) beta93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoperna bellarugosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Inoperna : Inoperna bellarugosa93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Clisocolus corrugatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Clisocolus : Clisocolus corrugatus93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Tenea inflata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Arcticidae : Tenea : Tenea inflata100.5 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Flaventia lens
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Flaventia : Flaventia lens93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Legumen ooides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Legumen : Legumen ooides86.3 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cymbophora ashburnerii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Cymbophora : Cymbophora ashburnerii86.3 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cymbophora gabbiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Cymbophora : Cymbophora gabbiana100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Polinices shumardianus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Polinices : Polinices shumardianus93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Puzosia (Anapuzosia) tucuyensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Puzosia : Puzosia (Anapuzosia) tucuyensis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Schizaster stalderi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Schizaster : Schizaster stalderi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Erginus vaderensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Patellogastropoda : Lottiidae : Erginus : Erginus vaderensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Eohiodon rosei
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Hiodontiformes : Hiodontidae : Eohiodon : Eohiodon rosei48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Blennocampinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae : Blennocampinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Nematinae
subfamily
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae : Nematinae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Monomachidae
family
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Monomachidae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Scutella fairbanksi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Scutellidae : Scutella : Scutella fairbanksi23.03 - 20.44 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis fernandoensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis fernandoensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Neophrontops vallecitoensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Neophrontops : Neophrontops vallecitoensis0.781 - 0.126 Ma
Pleistocene
Caracara cheriway
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Caracara : Caracara cheriway0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Callipepla californica
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Galliformes : Odontophoridae : Callipepla : Callipepla californica0.126 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Geococcyx californianus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Cuculiformes : Cuculidae : Geococcyx : Geococcyx californianus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Recurvirostra americana
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Recurvirostridae : Recurvirostra : Recurvirostra americana0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Circus cyaneus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Circus : Circus cyaneus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Limosa fedoa
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Limosa : Limosa fedoa0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Calidris alba
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Calidris : Calidris alba0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Numenius phaeopus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Numenius : Numenius phaeopus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Numenius americanus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Scolopacidae : Numenius : Numenius americanus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Gavia stellata
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gaviiformes : Gaviidae : Gavia : Gavia stellata0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Crassatellites triangulatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatellites triangulatus100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Axinaea veatchii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Adapedonta : Hiatellidae : Cyrtodaria : Axinaea veatchii100.5 - 56 Ma
Phanerozoic
Inoceramus pembertoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus pembertoni100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus whitneyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus whitneyi100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lysis suciensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trichotropidae : Lysis : Lysis suciensis83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pecten (Propeamusium) cowperi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten (Propeamusium) cowperi89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pholadomya subelongata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya subelongata100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pinna calamitoides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Pinnidae : Pinna : Pinna calamitoides100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trigonia evansana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Trigoniida : Trigoniidae : Trigonia : Trigonia evansana83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Baculites chicoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Baculitidae : Baculites : Baculites chicoensis86.3 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Placenticeras californicum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Placenticeratidae : Placenticeras : Placenticeras californicum100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Placenticeras pacificum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Placenticeratidae : Placenticeras : Placenticeras pacificum100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Placenticeras sanctaemonicae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonoidea : Placenticeratidae : Placenticeras : Placenticeras sanctaemonicae100.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Crassatellites grandis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatellites grandis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cucullaea mathewsonii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Cucullaeidae : Cucullaea : Cucullaea mathewsonii66 - 48.6 Ma
Paleogene
Leda alaeformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Leda alaeformis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Saulella undulifera
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Saulella : Saulella undulifera66 - 48.6 Ma
Paleogene
Septifer elegans
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Septifer : Septifer elegans55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene
Fasciolaria mucronata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Fasciolaria : Fasciolaria mucronata61.6 - 48.6 Ma
Paleogene
Retipirula crassitesta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Retipirula : Retipirula crassitesta55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene
Pseudoperissolax blakei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Pseudoperissolax : Pseudoperissolax blakei56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Turritella pachecoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella pachecoensis66 - 48.6 Ma
Paleogene
Isocardia tejonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Glossidae : Glossus : Isocardia tejonensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Meretrix hornii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Meretrix : Meretrix hornii59.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Lyria andersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Lyria : Lyria andersoni56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Stellaxis cognata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectonicidae : Architectonica : Stellaxis cognata56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Sinum obliqua
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Sinum : Sinum obliqua56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Turritella infragranulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella infragranulata66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Colaptes auratus cafer
subspecies
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Piciformes : Picidae : Colaptes : Colaptes auratus cafer0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Falco columbarius
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Falco : Falco columbarius0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Buteo regalis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Buteo : Buteo regalis0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Calliovarica eocensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Chilodontaidae : Calliovarica : Calliovarica eocensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Calliovarica oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seguenziida : Chilodontaidae : Calliovarica : Calliovarica oregonensis37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Nuculana (Saccella) hondana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Saccella : Nuculana (Saccella) hondana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Jupiteria (Ledina) duttonae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Ledina : Jupiteria (Ledina) duttonae56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pedalion
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Ostreida : Malleidae : Pedalion56 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Propeamussium mideocenicum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Propeamussiidae : Propeamussium : Propeamussium mideocenicum56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Lucina bramkampi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina bramkampi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Taras unisulcatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Ungulinidae : Diplodonta : Taras unisulcatus56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Callista (Macrocallista) domenginica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Macrocallista : Callista (Macrocallista) domenginica56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pitar (Lamelliconcha) joaquinensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Pitar : Pitar (Lamelliconcha) joaquinensis56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Spisula capayana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mactridae : Spisula : Spisula capayana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Dentalium lighti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium : Dentalium lighti56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Eosurcula capayana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Eosurcula : Eosurcula capayana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Bonellitia megapex
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Bonellitia : Bonellitia megapex56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Conus caleocius
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus caleocius56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Molopophorus aequicostatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Molopophorus : Molopophorus aequicostatus55.8 - 48.6 Ma
Eocene
Ranella domenginica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ranellidae : Ranella : Ranella domenginica47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Natica domenginica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica domenginica56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Melanella coalingana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Eulimidae : Melanella : Melanella coalingana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cupressus
genus
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Cupressaceae : Cupressus0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Sabal miocenica
species
Sabal : Sabal miocenica13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Neogyps errans
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Neogyps : Neogyps errans0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Perognathinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Heteromyidae : Perognathinae20.43 - 0.3 Ma
Cenozoic
Microtinae
subfamily
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Cricetidae : Microtinae1.8 - 0.3 Ma
Pleistocene
Inoceramus klamathensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus klamathensis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eomerope eonearctica
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Mecoptera : Eomeropidae : Eomerope : Eomerope eonearctica56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Klallamornis abyssa
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Plotopteridae : Klallamornis : Klallamornis abyssa28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Scyllarella manleyi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Scyllaridae : Scyllarella : Scyllarella manleyi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Clio berglundi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Thecosomata : Cavoliniidae : Clio : Clio berglundi28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Praehyalocylis cretacea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pteropoda : Cavoliniidae : Praehyalocylis : Praehyalocylis cretacea28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Dendraster elsmerensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Dendrasteridae : Dendraster : Dendraster elsmerensis5.333 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Megapetalus lovenioides
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Asterostomatidae : Megapetalus : Megapetalus lovenioides11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Tubulostium
genus
Animalia : Annelida : Tubulostium56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Plicatula modjeskaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Plicatulidae : Plicatula : Plicatula modjeskaensis93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plicatula variata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Plicatulidae : Plicatula : Plicatula variata132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Micrarionta dallasi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Fruiticicoiidae : Micrarionta : Micrarionta dallasi56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pseudoliva inornata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudolividae : Pseudoliva : Pseudoliva inornata48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Rhizopsammia arnoldi
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Dendrophylliidae : Rhizopsammia : Rhizopsammia arnoldi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Bankia lincolnensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myida : Teredinidae : Bankia : Bankia lincolnensis33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Elanus leucurus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Accipitriformes : Accipitridae : Elanus : Elanus leucurus0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Megascops kennicottii
species
Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Megascops : Megascops kennicottii0.0117 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Natica (Gyrodes) lineata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Natica (Gyrodes) lineata66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Tornatellaea pinguis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectibranchia : Acteonidae : Tornatellaea : Tornatellaea pinguis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Priscoficus caudatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ficidae : Priscoficus : Priscoficus caudatus66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Cophocara stantoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Cophocara : Cophocara stantoni72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Heteroterma gabbi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Heteroterma : Heteroterma gabbi61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Heteroterma striata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Tudiclidae : Heteroterma : Heteroterma striata66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Pleurotomaria (Entemnotrochus) siletzensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Pleurotomariidae : Perotrochus : Pleurotomaria (Entemnotrochus) siletzensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Homotherium ultimum
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Homotherium : Homotherium ultimum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Minohellenus triangulum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Macropipidae : Minohellenus : Minohellenus triangulum28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Megasurcula keepi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Megasurcula : Megasurcula keepi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Ocinebra topangensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Ocenebra : Ocinebra topangensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Bittium topangensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Cerithiidae : Bittium : Bittium topangensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cancellaria fernandoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria : Cancellaria fernandoensis23.03 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Rapana vaquerosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Rapana : Rapana vaquerosensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Modiolus ynezianus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Modiolus : Modiolus ynezianus23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Dosinia (Dosinidia) margaritana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia (Dosinidia) margaritana28.1 - 11.608 Ma
Cenozoic
Tellina oldroydi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Tellina : Tellina oldroydi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Macoma copelandi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma copelandi23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Macoma panzana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Tellinidae : Macoma : Macoma panzana15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Panope tenuis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Panopea : Panope tenuis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Hesperocidaris merriami
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Cidaridae : Hesperocidaris : Hesperocidaris merriami66 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cidaris branneri
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Cidaridae : Cidaris : Cidaris branneri33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Pleurotoma perissolaxoides
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Turris : Pleurotoma perissolaxoides38 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Thais trancosana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Thais : Thais trancosana3.6 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Amphiura sanctaecrucis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Amphilepidida : Amphiuridae : Amphiura : Amphiura sanctaecrucis11.62 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Nuculana acutilineata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana acutilineata47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Desbruyeresia belliatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Provannidae : Desbruyeresia : Desbruyeresia belliatus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Provanna fortis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Provannidae : Provanna : Provanna fortis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Orbitestella dioi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Orbitestellidae : Orbitestella : Orbitestella dioi47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Leptochiton terryiverseni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Lepidopleurida : Leptochitonidae : Leptochiton : Leptochiton terryiverseni47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Depressigyra
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Peltospiridae : Depressigyra47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Hyalogyrina
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Hyalogyrinidae : Hyalogyrina47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Thalassonerita eocenica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cycloneritida : Phenacolepadidae : Thalassonerita : Thalassonerita eocenica47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Podobursa triacantha
species
Retaria : Radiolaria : Nassellaria : Syringocapsidae : Podobursa : Podobursa triacantha166.1 - 145 Ma
Jurassic
Oligodalatias jordani
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Squaliformes : Dalatiidae : Oligodalatias : Oligodalatias jordani33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Rhinoscymnus viridiadamas
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Squaliformes : Somniosidae : Rhinoscymnus : Rhinoscymnus viridiadamas28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Somniosus gonzalezi
species
Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Squaliformes : Somniosidae : Somniosus : Somniosus gonzalezi33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Coralliochama orcutti
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hippuritida : Plagioptychidae : Coralliochama : Coralliochama orcutti83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Mactra tenuissima
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mactridae : Mactra : Mactra tenuissima66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Ledina fresnoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Ledina : Ledina fresnoensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Epitonium (Nitidiscala) indianorum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Epitonium : Epitonium (Nitidiscala) indianorum0.126 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Epitonium : Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense38 - 28.1 Ma
Paleogene
Acrilla (Ferminoscala) tejonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Scalina : Acrilla (Ferminoscala) tejonensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Acrilla (Undiscala) lolakensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Amaea : Acrilla (Undiscala) lolakensis66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Acrilla (Undiscala) olympicensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Epitoniidae : Amaea : Acrilla (Undiscala) olympicensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Dosinia (Dosinella) merriami
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia (Dosinella) merriami15.97 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Tivela (Pachydesma) diabloensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Tivela : Tivela (Pachydesma) diabloensis23.03 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Tivela (Pachydesma) gabbi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Tivela : Tivela (Pachydesma) gabbi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Elymella
genus
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Sanguinolitidae : Elymella237 - 174.1 Ma
Mesozoic
Modiolidae
family
Modiolidae28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Echinocorys yoloensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Holasteroida : Echinocorythidae : Echinocorys : Echinocorys yoloensis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cassidulus mercedensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cassiduloida : Cassidulidae : Cassidulus : Cassidulus mercedensis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Glycymeris shastensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris shastensis93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Glycymeris banosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris banosensis83.5 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Inoceramus chicoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus chicoensis86.3 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Syncyclonema latum
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Entoliidae : Syncyclonema : Syncyclonema latum105.3 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Crassatella mercedensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Crassatella : Crassatella mercedensis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Remondia oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Crassatellidae : Remondia : Remondia oregonensis105.3 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Pholadomya diegoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyida : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya diegoensis72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Bullina yoloensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architectibranchia : Acteonidae : Bullina : Bullina yoloensis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudomelania colusaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Pseudomelaniidae : Pseudomelania : Pseudomelania colusaensis89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nautilus (Cymatoceras) hermosus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida : Nautilidae : Cymatoceras : Nautilus (Cymatoceras) hermosus70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Exiteloceras bennisoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Nostoceratidae : Exiteloceras : Exiteloceras bennisoni72.1 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Exiteloceras desertense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Nostoceratidae : Exiteloceras : Exiteloceras desertense70.6 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Oxybeloceras petrolense
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Diplomoceratidae : Oxybeloceras : Oxybeloceras petrolense89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Oxybeloceras taffi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Diplomoceratidae : Oxybeloceras : Oxybeloceras taffi86.3 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nowakites dobbinsi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Pachydiscidae : Nowakites : Nowakites dobbinsi89.8 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dentalium (Entalis) whiteavesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Entalis : Dentalium (Entalis) whiteavesi93.9 - 66 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Gyrodes onensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Gyrodes : Gyrodes onensis113 - 100.5 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Arrhoges californicus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Arrhoges : Arrhoges californicus100.5 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cantharus occidentalis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Cantharus : Cantharus occidentalis93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Beudanticeras haydeni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Desmoceratidae : Beudanticeras : Beudanticeras haydeni105.3 - 93.5 Ma
Cretaceous
Anchura (Helicaulax) condoniana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Aporrhaidae : Helicaulax : Anchura (Helicaulax) condoniana93.9 - 89.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eripachya ponderosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Eripachya : Eripachya ponderosa83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Drilluta jacksonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Drilluta : Drilluta jacksonensis93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Potamidopsis grovesi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Potamididae : Potamides : Potamidopsis grovesi132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Aphanoptyxis andersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Nerineidae : Aphanoptyxis : Aphanoptyxis andersoni132.9 - 129.4 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Volutoderma blakei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Volutoderma : Volutoderma blakei83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Volutoderma elderi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Volutoderma : Volutoderma elderi83.5 - 70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Dentalium stentor
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Dentalium : Dentalium stentor48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Turritella buwaldana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella buwaldana56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Galerus excentricus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea : Galerus excentricus66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Xenophora stocki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Xenophoridae : Xenophora : Xenophora stocki48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Paraseraphs erraticus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Seraphsidae : Paraseraphs : Paraseraphs erraticus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Amaurellina moragai
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Architaenioglossa : Ampullinidae : Amaurellina : Amaurellina moragai56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Tejonia lajollaensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Naticidae : Tejonia : Tejonia lajollaensis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Ranellina pilsbryi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Bursidae : Ranellina : Ranellina pilsbryi56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Fusus (Hemifusus) cooperii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : Volema : Fusus (Hemifusus) cooperii48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Ficopsis remondii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ficidae : Ficopsis : Ficopsis remondii56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Nassa cretacea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Nassa : Nassa cretacea56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Clavella tabulata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Clavella : Clavella tabulata47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Whitneya ficus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Whitneya : Whitneya ficus56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Ancilla (Spirancilla) gabbi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Spirancilla : Ancilla (Spirancilla) gabbi56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Olivella mathewsonii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Olivella : Olivella mathewsonii56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Proximitra cretacea
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutomitridae : Proximitra : Proximitra cretacea56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cryptochorda (Cryptochorda) californica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Cryptochorda : Cryptochorda (Cryptochorda) californica56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Pleurotoma fresnoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Turris : Pleurotoma fresnoensis56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Surculites mathewsonii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Surculites : Surculites mathewsonii61.6 - 47.8 Ma
Paleogene
Conus hornii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus hornii56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Terebra californica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Terebridae : Terebra : Terebra californica56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cylichnella tantilla
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cephalaspidea : Cylichnidae : Cylichnella : Cylichnella tantilla59.2 - 37.2 Ma
Paleogene
Bullaea gabbiana
species
Bullaea : Bullaea gabbiana56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Acila (Truncacila) decisa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Truncacila) decisa56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Glycymeris rosecanyonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Glycymerididae : Glycymeris : Glycymeris rosecanyonensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Solena (Eosolen) coosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solenida : Solenidae : Eosolen : Solena (Eosolen) coosensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Meretrix uvasana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Meretrix : Meretrix uvasana59.2 - 37.2 Ma
Paleogene
Dosinia bunkeri
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae : Dosinia : Dosinia bunkeri56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Glyphithyreus weaveri
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Panopeidae : Glyphithyreus : Glyphithyreus weaveri56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Potamides carbonicola
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Sorbeoconcha : Potamididae : Potamides : Potamides carbonicola47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Mytilus dichotomus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Mytilida : Mytilidae : Mytilus : Mytilus dichotomus47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Nucula cooperi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Nucula : Nucula cooperi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Mammut pacificus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Mammutidae : Mammut : Mammut pacificus0.3 - 0.0117 Ma
Pleistocene
Pecten proteus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten proteus5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Semele fausta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Semelidae : Semele : Semele fausta5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Thracia formosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Thraciidae : Thracia : Thracia formosa5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Fissuridea unica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Fissurellidae : Diodora : Fissuridea unica5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Tegula (Chlorostoma) pulcella
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Trochidae : Chlorostoma : Tegula (Chlorostoma) pulcella5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Baculites fairbanksi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Ammonitida : Baculitidae : Baculites : Baculites fairbanksi93.9 - 86.3 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Echinarachnius merriami
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Scutella (Echinarachnius) : Echinarachnius merriami15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Rhynchopygus californicus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Faujasiidae : Rhynchopygus : Rhynchopygus californicus37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Cyrena (Corbicula) dumblei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Corbiculidae : Corbicula : Cyrena (Corbicula) dumblei23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Oliva (Oliva) californica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Olividae : Oliva : Oliva (Oliva) californica23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Conus (Chelyconus) owenianus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus (Chelyconus) owenianus28.1 - 15.97 Ma
Cenozoic
Callianassa porterensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Callianassidae : Callianassa : Callianassa porterensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Calyptraea filosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calyptraeidae : Calyptraea : Calyptraea filosa23.03 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Thais packi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Thais : Thais packi33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Bruclarkia oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Siphonaliidae : Bruclarkia : Bruclarkia oregonensis15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Yoldia newcombi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Yoldiidae : Yoldia : Yoldia newcombi28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Chione (Lirophora) latilaminosa
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae : Lirophora : Chione (Lirophora) latilaminosa28.1 - 11.62 Ma
Cenozoic
Molopophorus dalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Nassariidae : Molopophorus : Molopophorus dalli33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Umpquaia oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Umpquaia : Umpquaia oregonensis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Turricula piercei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Clavatulidae : Turricula : Turricula piercei23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Pholadomya nasuta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadomyidae : Pholadomya : Pholadomya nasuta66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Xenophora zitteli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Xenophoridae : Xenophora : Xenophora zitteli61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Urosyca robusta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Ficidae : Urosyca : Urosyca robusta66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Perissolax tricarnatus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Ficidae : Perissolax : Perissolax tricarnatus61.6 - 59.2 Ma
Paleocene
Spatangus tapinus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Spatangidae : Spatangus : Spatangus tapinus37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Rotularia (Rotularia)
subgenus
Animalia : Annelida : Polychaeta : Sabellida : Serpulidae : Rotularia : Rotularia (Rotularia)56 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Galeodea meganosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Galeodea : Galeodea meganosensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Galeodea tuberculiformis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cassidae : Galeodea : Galeodea tuberculiformis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Inoceramus hamadae
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Myalinida : Inoceramidae : Inoceramus : Inoceramus hamadae170.3 - 168.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic
Nuculana parkei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Nuculana parkei56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Barbatia morsei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia : Barbatia morsei47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Glycimeris fresnoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Hiatellida : Hiatellidae : Glycimeris : Glycimeris fresnoensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Corbicula oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Cyrenidae : Corbicula : Corbicula oregonensis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Lucina roseburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Lucinida : Lucinidae : Lucina : Lucina roseburgensis47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Conus remondii
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Conidae : Conus : Conus remondii48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Fusus dickersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Fasciolariidae : Fusus : Fusus dickersoni47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Nekewis washingtoniana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Perissityidae : Nekewis : Nekewis washingtoniana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Lyria coquillensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Lyria : Lyria coquillensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Volutocorbis oregonensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Volutidae : Volutocorbis : Volutocorbis oregonensis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Siphonalia bicarinata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Austrofusus : Siphonalia bicarinata56 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Murex (Alipurpura) coosensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Pterochelus : Murex (Alipurpura) coosensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Turritella bramkampi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turritellidae : Turritella : Turritella bramkampi56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Hemifusus cowlitzensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Melongenidae : Hemifusus : Hemifusus cowlitzensis56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Macrocheira columbiaensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Inachidae : Macrocheira : Macrocheira columbiaensis20.44 - 13.82 Ma
Miocene
Paleobathygadus zemorrianus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Gadiformes : Bathygadidae : Paleobathygadus : Paleobathygadus zemorrianus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Promacrurus zemorrianus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Gadiformes : Macrouridae : Promacrurus : Promacrurus zemorrianus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Homeonezumia multispinosus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Gadiformes : Macrouridae : Homeonezumia : Homeonezumia multispinosus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Amblygoniolepidus polystichus
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Gadiformes : Macrouridae : Amblygoniolepidus : Amblygoniolepidus polystichus48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Nucinella oregona
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Manzanellidae : Nucinella : Nucinella oregona37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Pecten (Propeamusium) vacavillensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Pectinidae : Pecten : Pecten (Propeamusium) vacavillensis56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Myadesma pacifica
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Mesodesmatidae : Myadesma : Myadesma pacifica33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Liracassis apta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Cassididae : Liracassis : Liracassis apta28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Acila (Acila) gettysburgensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculida : Nuculidae : Acila : Acila (Acila) gettysburgensis28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Solemya dalli
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Solemyida : Solemyidae : Solemya : Solemya dalli37.2 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Cocconeis
genus
Diatomophyceae : Pennales : Achnanthaceae : Cocconeis0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Amphora
genus
Diatomophyceae : Pennales : Cymbellaceae : Amphora0.3 - 0.012 Ma
Pleistocene
Platycyathus grahami
species
Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Scleractinia : Caryophylliidae : Platycyathus : Platycyathus grahami47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Coccodentalium emersoni
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Scaphopoda : Dentaliida : Dentaliidae : Coccodentalium : Coccodentalium emersoni47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Arene mcleani
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Turbinidae : Arene : Arene mcleani47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Cerithiopsis dumblei
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Cerithiopsidae : Cerithiopsis : Cerithiopsis dumblei56 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Natica uvasana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Littorinimorpha : Naticidae : Natica : Natica uvasana47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Apiotoma californiana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cochlespiridae : Apiotoma : Apiotoma californiana47.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Turris stocki
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Turridae : Turris : Turris stocki56 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Barbatia cliffensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Arcida : Arcidae : Barbatia : Barbatia cliffensis55.8 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene
Corbula (Caryocorbula) parilis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Corbulidae : Corbula : Corbula (Caryocorbula) parilis93.9 - 37.2 Ma
Phanerozoic
Cardita sandiegoensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Cardita : Cardita sandiegoensis55.8 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Corbula (Varicorbula) capayana
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pholadida : Corbulidae : Corbula : Corbula (Varicorbula) capayana56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Corbisema angularis
species
Heterokontophyta : Dictyochophyceae : Dictyochales : Corbisema : Corbisema angularis47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Corbisema exilis
species
Heterokontophyta : Dictyochophyceae : Dictyochales : Corbisema : Corbisema exilis47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Corbisema hastata
species
Heterokontophyta : Dictyochophyceae : Dictyochales : Corbisema : Corbisema hastata47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Dictyocha byronalis
species
Heterokontophyta : Chrysophyceae : Phytomastigophora : Dictyochaceae : Dictyocha : Dictyocha byronalis47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Naviculopsis
genus
Naviculopsis47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Naviculopsis americana
species
Naviculopsis : Naviculopsis americana47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Helicosphaera neolophota
species
Haptophyta : Helicosphaera : Helicosphaera neolophota47.8 - 38 Ma
Eocene
Lima costata
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pectinida : Limidae : Lima : Lima costata228 - 201.3 Ma
Mesozoic
Leda minuta
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Nuculanida : Nuculanidae : Nuculana : Leda minuta2.588 - 0 Ma
Quaternary
Laeviranina goedertorum
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Laeviranina : Laeviranina goedertorum48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Portunites macrospinus
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Macropipidae : Portunites : Portunites macrospinus48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Carpilius occidentalis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Carpiliidae : Carpilius : Carpilius occidentalis48.6 - 37.2 Ma
Eocene
Cancer (Romaleon) wahkiakumensis
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Cancridae : Romaleon : Cancer (Romaleon) wahkiakumensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Costacopluma squiresi
species
Animalia : Arthropoda : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Retroplumidae : Costacopluma : Costacopluma squiresi58.7 - 55.8 Ma
Paleogene
Podozamites lanceolatus
species
Plantae : Tracheophyta : Pinopsida : Pinales : Podocarpaceae : Podozamites : Podozamites lanceolatus163.5 - 100.5 Ma
Mesozoic
Palaeopharus buriji
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Modiomorphida : Palaeopharidae : Palaeopharus : Palaeopharus buriji228 - 208.5 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Gondolella constricta
species
Animalia : Chordata : Conodonta : Ozarkodinida : Gondolella : Gondolella constricta242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic
Chiton alveolus
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Neoloricata : Chitonidae : Chiton : Chiton alveolus28.1 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Borealodon osedax
species
Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Cetacea : Borealodon : Borealodon osedax33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Ophiocrossota baconi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Ophiuroidea : Ophiurida : Ophiuridae : Ophiocrossota : Ophiocrossota baconi66 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Schizaster lecontei
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Schizaster : Schizaster lecontei66 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Astrodapsis brewerianus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis brewerianus15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis tumidus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis tumidus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis whitneyi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis whitneyi15.97 - 11.608 Ma
Miocene
Echinarachnius alaskense
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Scutella (Echinarachnius) : Echinarachnius alaskense23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Echinarachnius plafkeri
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Echinarachnius : Echinarachnius plafkeri11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Kewia lituyaensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Kewia : Kewia lituyaensis11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Cancellaria arnoldi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Cancellaria : Cancellaria arnoldi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Hemiaster californicus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Hemiasteridae : Hemiaster : Hemiaster californicus93.9 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Eucidaris thouarsii
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Cidaridae : Eucidaris : Eucidaris thouarsii5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dendraster arnoldi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Dendrasteridae : Dendraster : Dendraster arnoldi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Dendraster coalingaensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Dendrasteridae : Dendraster : Dendraster coalingaensis11.608 - 3.6 Ma
Neogene
Astrodapsis arnoldi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis arnoldi23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis jacalitosensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis jacalitosensis11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Cidaris martinezensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Cidaridae : Cidaris : Cidaris martinezensis66 - 61.6 Ma
Paleocene
Cidaris lorenzanus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Cidaroida : Cidaridae : Cidaris : Cidaris lorenzanus33.9 - 23.03 Ma
Cenozoic
Lytechinus coreyi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Camarodonta : Toxopneustidae : Lytechinus : Lytechinus coreyi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lytechinus milleri
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Camarodonta : Toxopneustidae : Lytechinus : Lytechinus milleri23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Lytechinus pictus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Camarodonta : Toxopneustidae : Lytechinus : Lytechinus pictus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Scutella vaquerosensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Scutellidae : Scutella : Scutella vaquerosensis23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis altus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis altus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis californicus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis californicus11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis cierboensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis cierboensis23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis coalingaensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis coalingaensis11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis grandis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis grandis11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis margaritanus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis margaritanus23.03 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis schencki
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis schencki11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis scutelliformis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis scutelliformis11.608 - 5.333 Ma
Miocene
Astrodapsis arnoldi spatiosus
subspecies
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Clypeasteroida : Echinarachniidae : Astrodapsis : Astrodapsis arnoldi : Astrodapsis arnoldi spatiosus13.82 - 7.246 Ma
Miocene
Schizaster cordiformis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Schizaster : Schizaster cordiformis56 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene
Schizaster martinezensis
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Schizasteridae : Schizaster : Schizaster martinezensis59.2 - 56 Ma
Paleocene
Brissus kewi
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Brissidae : Brissus : Brissus kewi23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Brissus latecarinatus
species
Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Brissidae : Brissus : Brissus latecarinatus23.03 - 15.97 Ma
Miocene
Cantharus arnoldi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Cantharus : Cantharus arnoldi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cantharus ashleyi
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Cantharus : Cantharus ashleyi5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Cantharus elsmerensis
species
Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Buccinidae : Cantharus : Cantharus elsmerensis5.333 - 2.588 Ma
Cenozoic
Laytonia zemorrensis
species
Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Notacanthiformes : Halosauridae : Laytonia : Laytonia zemorrensis48.6 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Fossil LocalitiesClick to show 1118 fossil localities

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coast_Mountains
Wikidata ID:Q920070
GeoNames ID:5924472

Localities in this Region


This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.
 
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